Web Services与J2EE相结合的企业应用集成框架研究
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摘要
随着企业实施的IT支持系统不断增多、范围逐渐扩大,同时企业也越来越多地将注意力集中在面向业务过程问题,企业应用集成(EAI, Enterprise Application Integration)便成为企业必须面对和加以解决的非常复杂的问题。由于传统技术解决方案在设计、开发、维护和使用上存在很多不便,更重要的是,不能为企业内部异构分布式系统提供一个整体框架,使所有的系统真正的无缝集成在一起,Web Services成为了当今IT界关注的焦点。它的主要目标是在现有的各种异构平台的基础上构筑一个通用的与平台无关、语言无关的技术层,各种不同平台之上的应用依靠这个技术层来实施彼此的连接和集成。
论文针对基于Web Services的企业应用集成中存在的问题,即对遗留异构系统在集成中的高度入侵导致系统集成工作量巨大,以及频繁的数据转换可能导致数据丢失并影响系统性能,在基于Web Services的应用集成框架中引入了J2EE的相关技术和机制,提出一种Web Services与J2EE相结合的企业应用集成框架。该框架使用J2EE连接器架构解决了如何将底层遗留的异构资源集成起来的问题,并在此基础上利用J2EE支持Web Services的相关技术进行Web服务的开发,从而为面向服务的整合提供了支持。
论文在研究了Web Services的技术标准以及J2EE连接器架构的基本原理后,提出了Web Services与J2EE相结合的集成框架模型,并对框架模型的设计与实现进行了详细的分析,内容包括:1.分析了JCA连接器架构的设计实现过程,该架构已成功应用到J2EE应用服务器Jboss中,提供了客户端应用组件、J2EE应用服务器与异构的EIS资源的统一连接方法。2.运用了多种设计模式的思想,使得开发出的连接器架构只要修改简单的配置同样也可以插入到遵循了JCA规范的其他J2EE应用服务器当中,实现了软件的松耦合、可配置性及可重用性。3.从技术实现的角度研究了如何运用J2EE框架中的相关技术在J2EE平台上进行Web服务的开发。
第四章开发了一个实验系统,实现了集成框架的基本功能,并展示了基于该框架的应用集成系统的开发过程和运行效果,同时验证了论文提出的EAI方案的可行性。其中主要讨论了如何通过JCA连接器架构实现对遗留的ERP系统的集成,EJB与Web服务的开发,以及服务间的交互,并对系统性能作了测试。
As more IT systems are put in practice in the enterprises, they are used in more areas of the enterprise, and the enterprises focus more on the Business Process Oriented problems, EAI (Enterprise Application Integration) has become a very complicated problem that the enterprises have to face and solve. As traditional solutions have a lot of defect in design, development, maintenance and use, especially they can not provide a whole framework for heterogeneous distributed systems within an enterprise and make all systems work together smoothly, Web Services has become a focus in current IT area. Its main objective is to construct a technology layer that is independent of platform or programming language on the basis of various kinds of different existing platforms. The applications on all kinds of platform rely on this technology layer implement the mutual connection and integration.
Aiming at the problems in EAI based on Web Services, such as too much entering to the legacy systems leads to huge workload in system Integration and frequent data transformation produces the possibility of losing data, this thesis put forward a EAI framework combining J2EE and Web Services. This framework uses the J2EE connector architecture to implement the integration of the current applications and the legacy heterogeneous infrastructure resource. It also makes use of the advantages of Web Services to carry through the Service Oriented integration at the higher hierarchy, and implement the business process integration based on Web Services. Moreover, the framework has natural compatibility to integrate J2EE applications.
After Web Services technology and the foundational principles of J2EE connector architecture are introduced briefly, an EAI framework model combining J2EE and Web Services is put forward. Then, the design and implementation of the framework are analysed in detail, including: 1. Design and development process of the integration framework based on J2EE connector architecture is introduced in detail. This framework has been applied in the J2EE application server Jboss successfully. It provides a unified connection method relating to client application component, J2EE container and heterogeneous EIS resource. 2. Multiple design patterns are used to make the resource adatper we develop can fit into other J2EE application servers that accord with JCA standards, by changing the configuration simply. 3. How to use technologies of J2EE framework to develop Web Services on J2EE platform is clarified.
论文针对基于Web Services的企业应用集成中存在的问题,即对遗留异构系统在集成中的高度入侵导致系统集成工作量巨大,以及频繁的数据转换可能导致数据丢失并影响系统性能,在基于Web Services的应用集成框架中引入了J2EE的相关技术和机制,提出一种Web Services与J2EE相结合的企业应用集成框架。该框架使用J2EE连接器架构解决了如何将底层遗留的异构资源集成起来的问题,并在此基础上利用J2EE支持Web Services的相关技术进行Web服务的开发,从而为面向服务的整合提供了支持。
论文在研究了Web Services的技术标准以及J2EE连接器架构的基本原理后,提出了Web Services与J2EE相结合的集成框架模型,并对框架模型的设计与实现进行了详细的分析,内容包括:1.分析了JCA连接器架构的设计实现过程,该架构已成功应用到J2EE应用服务器Jboss中,提供了客户端应用组件、J2EE应用服务器与异构的EIS资源的统一连接方法。2.运用了多种设计模式的思想,使得开发出的连接器架构只要修改简单的配置同样也可以插入到遵循了JCA规范的其他J2EE应用服务器当中,实现了软件的松耦合、可配置性及可重用性。3.从技术实现的角度研究了如何运用J2EE框架中的相关技术在J2EE平台上进行Web服务的开发。
第四章开发了一个实验系统,实现了集成框架的基本功能,并展示了基于该框架的应用集成系统的开发过程和运行效果,同时验证了论文提出的EAI方案的可行性。其中主要讨论了如何通过JCA连接器架构实现对遗留的ERP系统的集成,EJB与Web服务的开发,以及服务间的交互,并对系统性能作了测试。
As more IT systems are put in practice in the enterprises, they are used in more areas of the enterprise, and the enterprises focus more on the Business Process Oriented problems, EAI (Enterprise Application Integration) has become a very complicated problem that the enterprises have to face and solve. As traditional solutions have a lot of defect in design, development, maintenance and use, especially they can not provide a whole framework for heterogeneous distributed systems within an enterprise and make all systems work together smoothly, Web Services has become a focus in current IT area. Its main objective is to construct a technology layer that is independent of platform or programming language on the basis of various kinds of different existing platforms. The applications on all kinds of platform rely on this technology layer implement the mutual connection and integration.
Aiming at the problems in EAI based on Web Services, such as too much entering to the legacy systems leads to huge workload in system Integration and frequent data transformation produces the possibility of losing data, this thesis put forward a EAI framework combining J2EE and Web Services. This framework uses the J2EE connector architecture to implement the integration of the current applications and the legacy heterogeneous infrastructure resource. It also makes use of the advantages of Web Services to carry through the Service Oriented integration at the higher hierarchy, and implement the business process integration based on Web Services. Moreover, the framework has natural compatibility to integrate J2EE applications.
After Web Services technology and the foundational principles of J2EE connector architecture are introduced briefly, an EAI framework model combining J2EE and Web Services is put forward. Then, the design and implementation of the framework are analysed in detail, including: 1. Design and development process of the integration framework based on J2EE connector architecture is introduced in detail. This framework has been applied in the J2EE application server Jboss successfully. It provides a unified connection method relating to client application component, J2EE container and heterogeneous EIS resource. 2. Multiple design patterns are used to make the resource adatper we develop can fit into other J2EE application servers that accord with JCA standards, by changing the configuration simply. 3. How to use technologies of J2EE framework to develop Web Services on J2EE platform is clarified.
引文
[1] Leah Gormly, ITtoolbox EAI. EAI Overview[EB/OL]. http://eai.ittoolbox.com/dpcuments/ document.asp?i=1246
[2] 顾斓,张申生,朱祥飞. 一种企业应用集成方案的研究[J]. 计算机工程与应用. 2003.17(6).209-211
[3] 谢小轩等. 企业应用集成综述[J]. 计算机工程与应用.2002.14(3).121-122
[4] D.F. Ferguson. Web Services Architecture[EB/OL]. http://www.w3.org/2001/03/WSWS- popa/paper44
[5] Web Services and Service-Oriented Architectures[EB/OL]. http://www.service-architecture. com/
[6] Web 服 务 概 念 性 体 系 结 构 [EB/OL].http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/ webservices/ws-wsca/part1/index.shtml
[7] Wikipedia. Web service[EB/OL]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web services
[8] UDDI org. UDDI Version 2.03 Data Structure Specification[EB/OL]. http://uddi.org/pubs/ DataStructure-V2.03-Published-20020719.pdf
[9] UDDI org. UDDI Executive white Paper[EB/OL]. http://uddi.org/pubs/UDDI_Executive _WhitePaper.pdf
[10] Rahul Sharma, Beth Steams, Tony Ng. J2EE Connector Architecture and Enterprise Application Integration[M]. First Edition. Addison Wesley Publishers.2001
[11] 沈莉,杨德华. 基于 Web 服务的企业应用集成平台[J]. 微型电脑应用.2003.19(7).44-45
[12] Rober Wilkov. Service-Oriented Integration for Legacy Environments[J]. EAI Journal. 2003.3(1).19-23
[13] Peter Coad, Mark Mayfield, Join Kern. Java Design-Building Better Apps and Applets[M]. US. Prentice Hall. 2003. 193-195
[14] Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, John Vlissides. 设计模式-可复用面向对象软件的基础[M]. 第一版.北京.机械工业出版社.2002
[15] 阎宏. JAVA 与模式[M].第九版.北京.电子工业出版社.2005
[16] W.Pree. Design patterns for Object-Oriented Software Development[M]. Ninth Edition. Addison Wesly/ACM Press. 2002
[17] R.Wirfs-Brock, R. Johnson. Surveying current research in object-oriented design[J]. Communications of the ACM. 2000.33(9).55-57
[18] Java Web Services 的 远程调用 [EB/OL]. http://www.chinaitlab.com/www/news/article_show.asp?id=2047
[19] 利 用 JAXR 发 现 和 发 布 Web 服 务 [EB/OL].http://www.ccw.com.cn/htm/center/prog/ 02_6_28_2.asp
[20] 姜跃平,江卫,施伯乐等. ECA 规则的模型和行为特定理论[J]. 软件学报.1997.9(3).24-26
[21] 王军. 基于 JMS 的消息中间件设计与实现[J]. 计算机应用.2003.23(8).84-85
[22] 曹健,张申生,黄鹤远,张晓光. 基于 ECA 规则的适应性工作流技术研究[J]. 计算机集成制造系统一 CIMS.2002.8(9).30-32
[23] W3C Recommedation. SOAP Specification[EB/OL]. http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12
[24] Sun Microsystems Inc. Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition [EB/OL]. http://java.sun.com/j2ee/
[25] 李慧盈,李德昌. 利用 J2EE 构建 XML Web Services 的研究[J]. 计算机工程与应用. 2004.(5).52-54
[26] Sun Microsystems Inc. Enterprise JavaBeans Specification-Version 2.1. 2003
[27] Sun Microsystems Inc. Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition Connector Architecture Specification-Version 1.5. 2003
[28] 宋善德,王雪飞 . 基于 Web 服务的企业应用集成方案 [J]. 计算机应用研究 . 2003.10(6).127-129
[29] E. Christensen, F. Curbera, G. Meredith, S. Weerawarana. Web Services Description Language (WSDL)-version1.0[EB/OL]. http://www.uddi.org/submissions.html
[30] W3C. Extensible Markup Language (XML)1.1 [EB/OL]. http://www.w3c.org/TR/2004/REC- xml11-20040204/
[31] Jay Foster, Mick Porter 等著 . 李华鹰,黎晓冬等译 . 应用 Java API 开发 Web Services----Developing Web Services With Java AIPs for XML Using WSDP[M]. 第一版. 北京.中国水利水电出版社.2003 年 7 月
[32] Rahul Sharma, Beth Steams, Tony Ng 著. 杨晓红,杨莉萍,李健译. J2EE 连接器体系与企业应用集成[M]. 第一版.北京.电子工业出版社.2003.11
[33] Axis. Apache SOAP implementation[EB/OL]. http://xml.apache.org/axis/index.html
[34] 将 旧 有 应 用 改 造 成 Web 服 务 [EB/OL].http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/ cn/webservices/ws-legacy/index.shtml
[35] 赵强,乔新亮. J2EE 应用开发[M]. 第 1 版. 北京.电子工业出版社.2004
[36] Mack Hendricks, Ben Galbraith. Java Web 服务编程指南[M].第 1 版.北京.电子工业出版社.2002
[37] 丁长明,石静等. Web 服务研究综述[J]. 计算机科学.2004.30(11).107-110
[38] Geert Van de Putte. Using Web Services for Business Integration[J]. IBM Red books.2004.4
[39] Ying Huang. A Web services-based framework for business integration solutions[J]. ElectronicCommerce Research and Applications.2003(2).15-26
[40] Kapil Apshankar, Dietrich Ayala 等著. 周辉,杜一民译. 开放源码的 Web 服务高级编程[M]. 第一版.北京.清华大学出版社.2003 年
[41] Tommy Joseph. A Messaging-Based Architecture for Enterprise Application Integration[J]. IEEE Internet Computing. September 2003
[42] Harry M.Sneed. Using XML to Integrate existing Software Systems into the Web. Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC'02). IEEE.2002
[43] 谢小轩编译. EAI 的概念和发展历史[EB/OL]. http://www.amteam.org
[44] 刘冬. 应用 AXIS 开始 Web 服务之旅[EB/OL]. http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/ cn/webservices/ws-startaxis
[45] Joshy Joseph. 开发者关于 JAX-RPC 的介绍[EB/OL].http://www-900.ibm.com/developer Works/cn/webservices/ws-jaxrpc/part1/index.shtml
[46] 杨德华. 利用 J2EE 实现 Web Services 模型与应用[J].计算机工程与应用.2004 (9).122-125
[47] 陈亚强. 用 JAX-RPC 开发 Web 服务:Servlet 作为 Web 服务端点[EB/OL]. http://www-900. ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/Webservices/
[48] Vlada Matena,Sanjeev Krishnan 等著. 施平安,施惠琼,罗德良译. EJB 应用指南-基于组件的 J2EE 平台开发[M]. 第 2 版. 北京.清华大学出版社. 2004
[2] 顾斓,张申生,朱祥飞. 一种企业应用集成方案的研究[J]. 计算机工程与应用. 2003.17(6).209-211
[3] 谢小轩等. 企业应用集成综述[J]. 计算机工程与应用.2002.14(3).121-122
[4] D.F. Ferguson. Web Services Architecture[EB/OL]. http://www.w3.org/2001/03/WSWS- popa/paper44
[5] Web Services and Service-Oriented Architectures[EB/OL]. http://www.service-architecture. com/
[6] Web 服 务 概 念 性 体 系 结 构 [EB/OL].http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/ webservices/ws-wsca/part1/index.shtml
[7] Wikipedia. Web service[EB/OL]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web services
[8] UDDI org. UDDI Version 2.03 Data Structure Specification[EB/OL]. http://uddi.org/pubs/ DataStructure-V2.03-Published-20020719.pdf
[9] UDDI org. UDDI Executive white Paper[EB/OL]. http://uddi.org/pubs/UDDI_Executive _WhitePaper.pdf
[10] Rahul Sharma, Beth Steams, Tony Ng. J2EE Connector Architecture and Enterprise Application Integration[M]. First Edition. Addison Wesley Publishers.2001
[11] 沈莉,杨德华. 基于 Web 服务的企业应用集成平台[J]. 微型电脑应用.2003.19(7).44-45
[12] Rober Wilkov. Service-Oriented Integration for Legacy Environments[J]. EAI Journal. 2003.3(1).19-23
[13] Peter Coad, Mark Mayfield, Join Kern. Java Design-Building Better Apps and Applets[M]. US. Prentice Hall. 2003. 193-195
[14] Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, John Vlissides. 设计模式-可复用面向对象软件的基础[M]. 第一版.北京.机械工业出版社.2002
[15] 阎宏. JAVA 与模式[M].第九版.北京.电子工业出版社.2005
[16] W.Pree. Design patterns for Object-Oriented Software Development[M]. Ninth Edition. Addison Wesly/ACM Press. 2002
[17] R.Wirfs-Brock, R. Johnson. Surveying current research in object-oriented design[J]. Communications of the ACM. 2000.33(9).55-57
[18] Java Web Services 的 远程调用 [EB/OL]. http://www.chinaitlab.com/www/news/article_show.asp?id=2047
[19] 利 用 JAXR 发 现 和 发 布 Web 服 务 [EB/OL].http://www.ccw.com.cn/htm/center/prog/ 02_6_28_2.asp
[20] 姜跃平,江卫,施伯乐等. ECA 规则的模型和行为特定理论[J]. 软件学报.1997.9(3).24-26
[21] 王军. 基于 JMS 的消息中间件设计与实现[J]. 计算机应用.2003.23(8).84-85
[22] 曹健,张申生,黄鹤远,张晓光. 基于 ECA 规则的适应性工作流技术研究[J]. 计算机集成制造系统一 CIMS.2002.8(9).30-32
[23] W3C Recommedation. SOAP Specification[EB/OL]. http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12
[24] Sun Microsystems Inc. Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition [EB/OL]. http://java.sun.com/j2ee/
[25] 李慧盈,李德昌. 利用 J2EE 构建 XML Web Services 的研究[J]. 计算机工程与应用. 2004.(5).52-54
[26] Sun Microsystems Inc. Enterprise JavaBeans Specification-Version 2.1. 2003
[27] Sun Microsystems Inc. Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition Connector Architecture Specification-Version 1.5. 2003
[28] 宋善德,王雪飞 . 基于 Web 服务的企业应用集成方案 [J]. 计算机应用研究 . 2003.10(6).127-129
[29] E. Christensen, F. Curbera, G. Meredith, S. Weerawarana. Web Services Description Language (WSDL)-version1.0[EB/OL]. http://www.uddi.org/submissions.html
[30] W3C. Extensible Markup Language (XML)1.1 [EB/OL]. http://www.w3c.org/TR/2004/REC- xml11-20040204/
[31] Jay Foster, Mick Porter 等著 . 李华鹰,黎晓冬等译 . 应用 Java API 开发 Web Services----Developing Web Services With Java AIPs for XML Using WSDP[M]. 第一版. 北京.中国水利水电出版社.2003 年 7 月
[32] Rahul Sharma, Beth Steams, Tony Ng 著. 杨晓红,杨莉萍,李健译. J2EE 连接器体系与企业应用集成[M]. 第一版.北京.电子工业出版社.2003.11
[33] Axis. Apache SOAP implementation[EB/OL]. http://xml.apache.org/axis/index.html
[34] 将 旧 有 应 用 改 造 成 Web 服 务 [EB/OL].http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/ cn/webservices/ws-legacy/index.shtml
[35] 赵强,乔新亮. J2EE 应用开发[M]. 第 1 版. 北京.电子工业出版社.2004
[36] Mack Hendricks, Ben Galbraith. Java Web 服务编程指南[M].第 1 版.北京.电子工业出版社.2002
[37] 丁长明,石静等. Web 服务研究综述[J]. 计算机科学.2004.30(11).107-110
[38] Geert Van de Putte. Using Web Services for Business Integration[J]. IBM Red books.2004.4
[39] Ying Huang. A Web services-based framework for business integration solutions[J]. ElectronicCommerce Research and Applications.2003(2).15-26
[40] Kapil Apshankar, Dietrich Ayala 等著. 周辉,杜一民译. 开放源码的 Web 服务高级编程[M]. 第一版.北京.清华大学出版社.2003 年
[41] Tommy Joseph. A Messaging-Based Architecture for Enterprise Application Integration[J]. IEEE Internet Computing. September 2003
[42] Harry M.Sneed. Using XML to Integrate existing Software Systems into the Web. Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC'02). IEEE.2002
[43] 谢小轩编译. EAI 的概念和发展历史[EB/OL]. http://www.amteam.org
[44] 刘冬. 应用 AXIS 开始 Web 服务之旅[EB/OL]. http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/ cn/webservices/ws-startaxis
[45] Joshy Joseph. 开发者关于 JAX-RPC 的介绍[EB/OL].http://www-900.ibm.com/developer Works/cn/webservices/ws-jaxrpc/part1/index.shtml
[46] 杨德华. 利用 J2EE 实现 Web Services 模型与应用[J].计算机工程与应用.2004 (9).122-125
[47] 陈亚强. 用 JAX-RPC 开发 Web 服务:Servlet 作为 Web 服务端点[EB/OL]. http://www-900. ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/Webservices/
[48] Vlada Matena,Sanjeev Krishnan 等著. 施平安,施惠琼,罗德良译. EJB 应用指南-基于组件的 J2EE 平台开发[M]. 第 2 版. 北京.清华大学出版社. 2004