猪H2A.Z、DAZL基因分离鉴定及遗传效应分析
|
摘要
根据基因生理生化功能、猪繁殖性状QTL定位结果和猪-人比较图谱,选取H2A.Z基因和DAZL基因作为影响猪繁殖性状的候选基因。应用比较基因组学和生物信息学等方法进行候选基因的分离鉴定;采用RT-PCR进行部分基因的组织表达研究;利用直接测序法对所分离片段进行多态性检测;以大白猪(322头,438窝)、中国瘦肉猪新品系DIV母猪(210头,409窝)和大梅F_2资源家系青年母猪(105头)为试验材料,进行基因多态性与猪繁殖性状的关联分析。研究结果如下:
1.H2A.Z基因:
(1)获得猪H2A.Z基因932bp的cDNA序列,其中包括387bp的编码区序列,185bp的5'UTR序列和360bp的3'UTR序列;获得932bp的基因组序列,其中包括完整的intron2、3、4。(2)对所获得序列进行多态性检测,在第二内含子发现一个连续4bp的缺失:建立了第2内含子的PCR-Bsu15I-RFLP分型技术。(3)遗传标记与繁殖性状的关联分析结果表明:Bsu15I多态位点与初产DIV系猪的NBA(P＜0.05)显著相关,基因加性效应显著(P＜0.05);与大白猪的所有胎次的NBA(P＜0.01)极显著相关,基因加性效应显著(P＜0.05)。
2.DAZL基因:
(1)获得猪DAZL基因2805bp的cDNA序列,其中包括887bp的编码区序列和1917bp的3'UTR序列;获得DAZL基因的部分基因组序列,其中包括内含子2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9的序列。(2)对所获得序列进行SNP检测,建立了DAZL基因第7内含子385bp处的PCR-MspⅠ-RFLP分型技术和第九内含子167bp处的PCR-TaqⅠ-RFLP分型技术。(3)遗传标记与繁殖性状的关联分析结果表明:TaqⅠ多态位点与大白猪所有胎次产活仔数显著相关(P＜0.05);与DIV猪的头胎产活仔数显著相关(P=0.06)。(4)构建了DAZL—PGEX—kg重组载体,并在大肠杆菌表达系统中进行了诱导表达;诱导表达的蛋白经过PAGE凝胶检测,结果表明:DAZL—PGEX—kg重组载体所表达的蛋白分子量与预测结果相一致。
上述研究结果显示:H2A.Z基因Bsu15I;DAZL基因TaqⅠ多态位点可作为猪产仔数的分子遗传标记。对上述基因的分离、鉴定、多态性及表达调控研究有助于我们更深地了解基因的生物学功能,为揭示猪产仔数分子机理和标记辅助选择的实施提供理论依据。
Litter size is one of the important factors which impact the benefit of porcine industry.In this study,the candidate gene approach has been emploied to discover new molecular markers associated with reproductive traits.According to physiological or biochemical functions of genes,QTL mapping results and pig-human comparative map, H2A.Z gene and DAZL gene were selected.The objective of this study was to isolate and character these candidate genes,to analyze the expression of these genes in different tissues,to identify mutations in these genes sequence and establish suitable method to detect polymorphisims,to determine associations between the polymorphisms and the reproductive performance in femal LargeWhite,Chinese lean type new line DIV and LargeWhite×Meishan F_2 resource populations.The main results are as following:
1.The analysis results of genetic effect of H2A.Z gene
(1) A 932bp cDNA sequence of porcine H2A.Z gene spanning complete coding sequences(CDS) was isolated by RT-PCR.A 1231bp genomic sequence encompassing complete intron 2,3 and 4 was amplified from total porcine genomic DNA.(2) A PCR-Bsu15I-RFLP assay was established to detect the 4bp deletion in intron 2.(3) Association analysis for the 4bp deletion with reproductive traits was preformed in nine independent populations.Statistical analysis demonstrated that Bsu15I polymorphism was associated with NBA in the first of DIV sows and Large White sows,an additive effect was detected(p＜0.05 or p＜0.01).
2.The analysis results of genetic effect of DAZL gene
(1) A 2805bp cDNA sequence of pig DAZL gene was isolated including 887bp complete coding sequences and 1917bp 3'UTR sequences.An genomic sequence of porcne DAZL which encompass the introns of 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 were amplified from porcine genomic DNA.(2) For DAZL gene:a PCR-MspI-RFLP assay was established to detect the A/G mutation in intron 7;and a PCR-TaqI-RFLP assay was estabilished to detect the A/C mutation in intron 9.(3) Association study for these SNPs with reproductive traits was preformed in two independent populations.Statistical analysis demonstrated that:TaqI polymorphism is associated with NBA in the first litters of both Large White sows(p＜0.05) and Line DIV(p=0.06),an additive effect was detected (p＜0.05)in Large White group.(4)An recombinated vector named DAZL-PGEX-kg was constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli expression system.Then the expressed protein was detected in PAGE gel,the result of which prove that the molecular weight of the expressed protein was in line with our prediction..
The result shows that the Bsu15I-PCR-RFLP and TaqI-PCR-RFLP could be considered as the molecular markers of porcine litter size.The isolation and identification of these genes would give us a more profound.understanding of the functions of these genes,uncover the mechanism of pig litter size and give theoretics support for marker assistant selection(MAS).
1.H2A.Z基因:
(1)获得猪H2A.Z基因932bp的cDNA序列,其中包括387bp的编码区序列,185bp的5'UTR序列和360bp的3'UTR序列;获得932bp的基因组序列,其中包括完整的intron2、3、4。(2)对所获得序列进行多态性检测,在第二内含子发现一个连续4bp的缺失:建立了第2内含子的PCR-Bsu15I-RFLP分型技术。(3)遗传标记与繁殖性状的关联分析结果表明:Bsu15I多态位点与初产DIV系猪的NBA(P＜0.05)显著相关,基因加性效应显著(P＜0.05);与大白猪的所有胎次的NBA(P＜0.01)极显著相关,基因加性效应显著(P＜0.05)。
2.DAZL基因:
(1)获得猪DAZL基因2805bp的cDNA序列,其中包括887bp的编码区序列和1917bp的3'UTR序列;获得DAZL基因的部分基因组序列,其中包括内含子2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9的序列。(2)对所获得序列进行SNP检测,建立了DAZL基因第7内含子385bp处的PCR-MspⅠ-RFLP分型技术和第九内含子167bp处的PCR-TaqⅠ-RFLP分型技术。(3)遗传标记与繁殖性状的关联分析结果表明:TaqⅠ多态位点与大白猪所有胎次产活仔数显著相关(P＜0.05);与DIV猪的头胎产活仔数显著相关(P=0.06)。(4)构建了DAZL—PGEX—kg重组载体,并在大肠杆菌表达系统中进行了诱导表达;诱导表达的蛋白经过PAGE凝胶检测,结果表明:DAZL—PGEX—kg重组载体所表达的蛋白分子量与预测结果相一致。
上述研究结果显示:H2A.Z基因Bsu15I;DAZL基因TaqⅠ多态位点可作为猪产仔数的分子遗传标记。对上述基因的分离、鉴定、多态性及表达调控研究有助于我们更深地了解基因的生物学功能,为揭示猪产仔数分子机理和标记辅助选择的实施提供理论依据。
Litter size is one of the important factors which impact the benefit of porcine industry.In this study,the candidate gene approach has been emploied to discover new molecular markers associated with reproductive traits.According to physiological or biochemical functions of genes,QTL mapping results and pig-human comparative map, H2A.Z gene and DAZL gene were selected.The objective of this study was to isolate and character these candidate genes,to analyze the expression of these genes in different tissues,to identify mutations in these genes sequence and establish suitable method to detect polymorphisims,to determine associations between the polymorphisms and the reproductive performance in femal LargeWhite,Chinese lean type new line DIV and LargeWhite×Meishan F_2 resource populations.The main results are as following:
1.The analysis results of genetic effect of H2A.Z gene
(1) A 932bp cDNA sequence of porcine H2A.Z gene spanning complete coding sequences(CDS) was isolated by RT-PCR.A 1231bp genomic sequence encompassing complete intron 2,3 and 4 was amplified from total porcine genomic DNA.(2) A PCR-Bsu15I-RFLP assay was established to detect the 4bp deletion in intron 2.(3) Association analysis for the 4bp deletion with reproductive traits was preformed in nine independent populations.Statistical analysis demonstrated that Bsu15I polymorphism was associated with NBA in the first of DIV sows and Large White sows,an additive effect was detected(p＜0.05 or p＜0.01).
2.The analysis results of genetic effect of DAZL gene
(1) A 2805bp cDNA sequence of pig DAZL gene was isolated including 887bp complete coding sequences and 1917bp 3'UTR sequences.An genomic sequence of porcne DAZL which encompass the introns of 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 were amplified from porcine genomic DNA.(2) For DAZL gene:a PCR-MspI-RFLP assay was established to detect the A/G mutation in intron 7;and a PCR-TaqI-RFLP assay was estabilished to detect the A/C mutation in intron 9.(3) Association study for these SNPs with reproductive traits was preformed in two independent populations.Statistical analysis demonstrated that:TaqI polymorphism is associated with NBA in the first litters of both Large White sows(p＜0.05) and Line DIV(p=0.06),an additive effect was detected (p＜0.05)in Large White group.(4)An recombinated vector named DAZL-PGEX-kg was constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli expression system.Then the expressed protein was detected in PAGE gel,the result of which prove that the molecular weight of the expressed protein was in line with our prediction..
The result shows that the Bsu15I-PCR-RFLP and TaqI-PCR-RFLP could be considered as the molecular markers of porcine litter size.The isolation and identification of these genes would give us a more profound.understanding of the functions of these genes,uncover the mechanism of pig litter size and give theoretics support for marker assistant selection(MAS).
引文
1.陈克飞,黄路生,李宁,张勤,罗明,吴常信.猪雌激素受体(ESR)基因对产仔数性状的影响.遗传学报,2000,27:853-857.
2.储明星.太湖猪高繁殖力研究与应用.北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2003.
3.丁能水,任冬仁,郭源梅,任军,颜瑛,麻俊武,陈克飞,黄路生.猪前列腺素内过氧化物酶2(PTGS2)基因的遗传变异及其与繁殖性状相关性研究.遗传学报,2006,33:213-219.
4.李凤娥.猪品种间ESR基因PCR-RFLP的初步研究.华中农业大学学报,2000,19:37-39.
5.李永辉.NCOA1基因与猪产仔性状的相关及序列分析.[硕士学位论文].2005
6.鲁绍雄,吴常信.动物育种方法的回顾与展望.国外畜牧科技,2000,27:24-2.
7.牛步月 猪繁殖性状10个候选基因的分离、鉴定、遗传效应分析及功能初探[博士学位论文]武汉:华中农业大学图书馆,2007.
8.阮征,王春芳,韩艳云,凌家瑞,钟思华,叶成风.以催乳素受体基因(PRLR)作为母猪产仔数候选基因的研究.上海畜牧兽医通讯,2002,1:20-21.
9.邵玉娟.猪繁殖性状相关候选基因MAN282,mSR和RGS12的遗传效应分析.[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中农业大学图书馆,2005.
10.肖璐,李宁,陈永福,吴常信,张建生,孙士铨.猪雌激素受体(ESR)位点的RFLPs分析及特异的限制性内切酶片断的部分序列分析.遗传,1997,19:32-34.
11.熊远著.瘦肉猪育种的发展及展望.中国工程科学.2000,2:41-46.
12.徐宁迎.候选基因法检测家畜数量性状基因位点的研究与应用.浙江农业学报,1999,11:266-270.
13.徐子清,梅书棋,樊俊华.猪ESR基因一个外显子片断的克隆与序列分析.畜牧兽医学报,2001,32:101-107.
14.张淑君,熊远著,邓昌彦,郑嵘,蒋思文,肖森木,夏瑜,徐建祥,刘晓华,王春芳,阮征,宫时玉.卵泡刺激素受体基因作为产仔数候选基因的研究.华中农业大学学报,2002,21:506-508.
15.张沅.家畜育种学.北京:中国农业出版社,2001:350-361.
16.赵要风,李宁,陈永福,吴常信,张建生,孙士铨,徐学清.猪FSHβ亚基基因结构区逆转座子插放突变与猪产仔数关系的研究.中国科学(C辑),1999,29:81-86.
17.A Rodriguez,C Diez,J N Caamano,C de Frutos,L J Royo,M Munoz,S Ikeda,N Facal,M Alvarez-Viejo,E Gomez.Retinoid receptor-specific agonists regulate bovine in vitro early embryonic development, differentiation and expression of genes related to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Theriogenology, 2007, 68: 1118-1127.
18. Anita A Thambirajah, Deanna Dryhurst, Toyotaka Ishibashi, Andra Li, Allison H. Maffey, and Juan Ausio. H2A.Z Stabilizes Chromatin in a Way That Is Dependent on Core Histone Acetylation. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2006, 281: 20036-44.
19. Antoine Viens, Undine Mechold, Franck Brouillard, Cristele Gilbert, Philippe Leclerc, and Vasily Ogryzko. Analysis of Human Histone H2AZ Deposition In Vivo Argues against Its Direct Role in Epigenetic Templating Mechanisms. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 2006, 26: 5325-35.
20. B Buske, I Sternstein, M Rei, G Brockmann. Detection of novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CYP21 gene and association analysis of two SNPs for CYP21 and ESR2 with litter size in a commercial sow population. J Anim Breed Genet. 2006, 123:343-8.
21. Beno(?)t Guillemette and Luc Gaudreau. Reuniting the contrasting functions of H2A.Z. Biochem Cell Biol. 2006, 84: 528-535.
22. Berg F, Stern S, Andersson K, Andersson L, Moller M Refined. Localization of the FAT1 quantitative trait locus on pig chromosome 4 by marker-assisted backcrossing. BMC Genet, 2006,17: 7: 17.
23. Braglia S, Ramirez O, Noguera J L, Tomas A, Ovilo C, Varona L. Comparison of genetic models for analysing the effects of a PvuII polymorphism in the oestrogen receptor 1 ( ESR1 ) gene on prolificacy in an Iberian x Meishan pig population. Anim Genet, 2006, 37:454-8.
24. Brian P Chadwick, and Huntington F Willard. Histone H2A variants and the inactive X chromosome: identification of a second macro H2A variant. Human Molecular Genetics, 2001, 10 (10) :1101-13.
25. Buske B, BrunschC, Zeller K, Reinecke, P, Brockmann G. Analysis of properdin (BF) genotypes associated with litter size in a commercial pig cross population. J. Anim Breed Genet, 2005, 122:259-263.
26. Cassady J P, Johnson R K, Pomp D. Identification of quantitative trait loci affecting reprodution in pigs. J Anim Sci, 2001, 79: 623-633.
27. Cassady JP, Johnson RK, Pomp D, Rohrer GA, Van Vleck LD, Spiegel EK, Gilson KM. Identification of quantitative trait loci affecting reproduction in pigs. J Anim Sci. 2001,79 (3) :623-33.
28. Cassady JP, Johnson RK, Pomp D, Rohrer GA, Van Vleck LD, Spiegel EK and Gilson KM. Identification of quantitative trait loci affecting reproduction in pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 2001 79: 623-633.
29. Cauffman, G., Van de Velde, H., Liebaers, I. and Van Steirteghem. DAZL expression in human oocytes, preimplantation embryos and embryonic stem cells. Mol. Hum. Reprod, 2005, 11:405-411.
30. Christina Tenenhaus Dann, Alma L Alvarado, Robert E Hammer, and David L. Garbers Heritable and stable gene knockdown in rats. PNAS. 2006, vol 103, no 30.
31. Christopher L Hatch, and William M Bonner. Sequence of cDNAs for mammalian H2A.Z: an evolutionarily diverged but highly conserved basal histone H2A isoprotein species. Nucleic Acids Research, 1988, Volume 16 Number 3.
32. Christopher L.Hatch, William M.Bonner. An upstream region of the H2AZ gene promoter modulates promoter activity in different cell types. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1996, 1305: 59-62.
33. Cooke, H.J., Lee, M., Kerr, S., Ruggiu, M. A murine homologue of the human DAZ gene is autosomal and expressed only in male and female gonads. Hum. Mol. Genet, 1996,5:513-516.
34. Danny Rangasamy, Leise Berven, Patricia Ridgway and David John Tremethick Pericentric heterochromatin becomes enriched with H2A.Z during early mammalian development. The EMBO Journal, 2003, Vol. 22, No. 7: 1599-1607.
35. De Koning D J, Harlizius B, Rattink A P, Groenen M A, Brascamp E W, van Aeendonk J A. Detection and characterization of quantitative trait loci for meat quality traits in pigs. J Anim Sci, 2001b, 79: 2812-2819.
36. Dustin L Updike, Susan E Mango. Temporal Regulation of Foregut Development by HTZ-1/H2A.Z and PHA-4/FoxA. Plos Genetic, 2006, 2(9): e161.
37. Ellegren H, Frelheltn M, Eslforts-Lilja I, Winter A K, Andersson L. Conserved synteny between pig chromosome 8 and human chromosome 4 but rearranged and distorted linkage maps. Genomics, 1993, 17: 599-603.
38. Elsen J M. Utilization of genomic information in livestock improvement. Outlook on Agriculture, 2003, 32:241-5.
39. Estelle J, Mercade A, Noguera J L, Perez-Enciso M, Ovilo C, Sanchez A, Folch JM. Effect of the porcine IGF2-intron3-G3072A substitution in an outbred Large White population and in an Iberian x Landrace cross. J Anim Sci, 2005, 83:2723-8.
40. Frederick L Moore, Jadwiga Jaruzelska, Mark S Fox, Jun Urano, Meri T Firpo, Paul J Turek, David M. Dorfman and Renee A Reijo Pera. Human Pumilio-2 is expressed in embryonic stem cells and germ cells and interacts with DAZ ( Deleted in AZoospermia) and DAZ-Like proteins. PNAS, 2003, 100: 538-43.
41. Fujii J, Otsu K, Zorzato F, de Leon S, Khanna V K, Weiler J E, O'Brien P J, MacLennan D H. Identification of a mutation in porcine ryanodine receptor associated with malignant hyperthermia. Science, 1991, 253:448-51.
42. Goliasova E, Wolf J. Impact of the ESR gene on litter size and production traits in Czech Large White pigs. Anim Genet, 2004, 35:293-7.
43. H A Pan, S J Tsai, C W Chen, Y C Lee, Y M Lin, and P L Kuo. Expression of DAZL protein in the human corpus luteum. Molecular Human Reproduction, 2002, Vol 8, No 6 pp: 540-545.
44. Hatch C L, Bonner W M. The Human Histone H2A.Z Gene Sequence and Regulation. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1990,265(25): 15211-8.
45. Hirai T, Takikawa H, Kato Y. The gene for the beta subunit of porcine FSH: absence of consensus oestrogen-responsive element and presence of retroposons. J Mol Endocrinol, 1990, 5:147-158.
46. Hiromi Nishida, Takahiro Suzuki, Hiroki Ookawa, Yasuhiro Tomaru and Yoshihide Hayashizaki. Comparative analysis of expression of histone H2a genes in mouse. BMC Genomics, 2005, 6: 108.
47. Hongyan Xu, Mingyou Li, Jianfang Gui, Yunhan Hong. Cloning and expression of medaka DAZL during embryogenesis and gametogenesis. Gene Expression Patterns. 2007, 7: 332-8.
48. Houston DW, King ML. A critical role for Xdazl, a germ plasm-localized RNA, in the differentiation of primordial germ cells in Xenopus. Development, 2000, 127:447-56.
49. Ian K Greaves, Danny Rangasamy, Patricia Ridgway, and David J Tremethick. H2A.Z contributes to the unique 3D structure of the centromere. PNAS, 2007, 104: 525-30.
50. Ieng-Yi Chen, Jacqueline Lypowy, Jayashree Pain, Danish Sayed, Stan Grinberg, Ralph R Alcendor, Junichi Sadoshima, and Maha Abdellatif. Histone H2A.Z Is Essential for Cardiac Myocyte Hypertrophy but Opposed by Silent Information Regulator 2a. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2006, 28: 19369-19377.
51. Istvan Albert, Travis N Mavrich, Lynn P Tomsho, Ji Qi, Sara J Zanton, Stephan C Schuster, B Franklin Pugh. Translational and rotational settings of H2A.Z nucleosomes across the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. Nature, 2007, 446(7135): 572-6.
52. J D Jackson, and M A Gorovsky. Histone H2A.Z has a conserved function that is distinct from that of the major H2A sequence variants. Nucleic Acids Research, 2000, 28:3811-6.
53. Jeon J T, Carlborg O, Tornsten A, Giuffra E, Amarger V, Chardon P, Andersson-Eklund L, Andersson K, Hansson I, Lundstrom K, Andersson L. A paternally expressed QTL affecting skeletal and cardiac muscle mass in pigs maps to the IGF2 locus. Nat Genet, 1999, 21:157-8.
54. Jiang ZH, He H, Hamasima N, Suzuki H and Gibbins AMV. Comparative mapping of Homo sapiens chromosome 4 (HSA4) and Sus scrofa chromosome 8 (SSC8) using orthologous genes representing different cytogenetic bands as landmarks. Genome, 2002,45: 147-156.
55. Johansson Moller M, Chaudhary R, Hellmen E, Hoyheim B, Chowdhary B, Andersson L. Pigs with the dominant white coat color phenotype carry a duplication of the KIT gene encoding the mast/stem cell growth factor receptor. Mamm Genome, 1996, 7: 822-30.
56. Jordanka Zlatanova, Conine Seebart, and Miroslav Tomschik. Napl: taking a closer look at a juggler protein of extraordinary skills. The FASEB Journal, 2007, 21: 1294-1310.
57. Joyce Y Tung, Mitchell P Rosen, Lawrence M Nelson, Paul J Turek, John S Witte, Daniel W Cramer, Marcelle I Cedars and Renee A Reijo-Pera. Novel missense mutations of the Deleted-in-AZoospermia-Like( DAZL ) gene in infertile women and men. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2006, 4:40 doi: 10.1186/1477-7827-4-40.
58. Joyce Y, Tung C, Marc Luetjens, Joachim Wistuba, Eugene Y Xu, Renee A, Reijo Pera, Jorg Gromoll. Evolutionary comparison of the reproductive genes, DAZL and BOULE, in primates with and without DAZ. Dev Genes Evol. 2006, 216: 158-168.
59. Joyce, Y Tung, Mitchell, P Rosen Lawrence M.Nelson□Paul J.Turek John S. Witte Daniel W.Cramer Marcelle I. Cedars Renee A. Reijo Pera. Variants in Deleted in AZoospermia-Like (DAZL) are correlated with reproductive parameters in men and women. Hum Genet, 2006, 118: 730-740.
60. K.Thangaraj, S R Deepa, K Pavani, N J Gupta, P Reddy, A G Reddy, B N Chakravarty and L Singh. A to G transitions at 260, 386 and 437 in DAZL gene are not associated with spermatogenic failure in Indian population. International journal of andrology. 2006, 29: 510-514.
61. Kato Y. Cloning and DNA sequencing analysis of the cDNA for the precursor of porcine follicle stimulating hormone βsubunit. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 1988, 55:107-112.
62. Kearsey M J. The principles of QTL analysis (a minimal mathematics. Approach) .J ExpBot, 1998,49:1619-1623.
63. King A H, Jiang Z, Gibson J P, Haley CS, Archibald A L. Mapping quantitative trait loci affecting female reproductive traits on porcine chromosome8. Biol Reprod, 2003, 68:2172-2179.
64. Knott S A, Marklund L, Haley C S, Andersson K, Davies W, Ellegren H, Fredholm M, Hansson I, Hoyheim B, Lundstrom K, Moller M, Andersson L. Multiple marker mapping of quantitative trait loci in a cross between outbred wild boar and large white pigs. Genetics, 1998, 149:1069-80.
65. Kyung Ho Lee, Seongju Lee, Byunghyuk Kim, Sunghoe Chang, Soo Woong Kim, Jae-Seung Paick, and Kunsoo Rhee. DAZL can bind to dynein motor complex and may play a role in transport of specific mRNAs. The EMBO Journal. 2006, 25: 4263-4270.
66. L.Bartoloni, C.Cazzadore, A.Ferlin, A.Garolla and C.Foresta Lack of the T54A polymorphism of the DAZL gene in infertile Italian patients Molecular Human Reproduction. 2004, Vol.10, No.8 pp: 613-615.
67. Lemieux K, Larochelle M, Gaudreau L. Variant histone H2A.Z, but not the HMG proteins Nhp6a/b, is essential for the recruitment of Swi/Snf, Mediator, and SAGA to the yeast GAL1 UAS (G). Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2008, 369: 1103-7.
68. Liaw R B, Chang H L, Lai Y Y. Influence of sow osteopontin genotype on survival rate of newborn piglets. Journal of the Chinese Society of Animal Science, 1999, 28: 33-39.
69. Mark Fox, Jun Urano, Renee A.Reijo Pera. Identification and characterization of RNA sequences to which human PUMILIO-2(PUM2) and deleted in Azoospermia-like (DAZL) binding. Genomics, 2005, 85: 92-105.
70. Megerditch Kiledjian, Nancy Day, and Panayiota Trifillis. Puri(?)cation and RNA Binding Properties of the Polycytidylate-Binding Proteins aCP1 and aCP2. METHODS, 1999, 17: 84-91.
71. Messer L, Wang L, Legant C. Mapping and investigation of candidate genes for litter size in French Large White pigs. Anim Genet., 1996c, 27: 114.
72. Messer L,Wang L,Yelich J, Pomp D, Geisert R, Rothschild M F. Linkage mapping of the retinoic acid receptor-gamma gene to porcine chromosome 5. Anim Genet., 1996a, 27: 175-177.
73. Milan D, Jeon J T, Looft C, Amarger V, Robic A, Thelander M, Rogel-Gaillard C, Paul S, Iannuccelli N, Rask L, Ronne H, Lundstrom K, Reinsch N, Gellin J, Kalm E, Roy P L, Chardon P, Andersson L. A mutation in PRKAG3 associated with excess glycogen content in pig skeletal muscle. Science, 2000, 288: 1248-51.
74. Milan D, Woloszyn N, Yerle M, Le Roy P, Bonnet M, Riquet J, Lahbib-Mansais Y, Caritez J C, Robic A, Sellier P, Elsen J M, Gellin J. Accurate mapping of the "acid meat" RN gene on genetic and physical maps of pig chromosome 15. Mamm Genome, 1996,7:47-51.
75. Montgomery G W, Crawford A M, Penty J M, Dodds K G, Ede A J, Henry H M, Pierson C A, Lord E A, Galloway S M, Schmack A E, Sise J A, Swarbrick P A, Hanrahan V, Buchanan F C, Hill D F. The ovine Booroola fecundity gene (FecB) is linked to markers from a region of human chromosome 4q. Nat Genet, 1993, 23: 417-424.
76. Nancy D Rodgers, Xinfu Jiao, and Megerditch Kiledjian. Identifying mRNAs bound by RNA-binding proteins using affinity purification and differential display. Methods, 2002,26: 115-122.
77. Nezer C, Moreau L, Brouwers B, Coppieters W, Detillieux J, Hanset R, Karim L, Kvasz A, LeRoy P, Georges M. An imprinted QTL with major effect on muscle mass and fat deposition maps to the IGF2 locus in pigs. Nat Genet, 1999, 21:155-156.
78. Nicola Reynolds, Brian Collier, Victoria Bingham, Nicola K Gray, and Howard J Cooke. Translation of the synaptonemal complex component Sycp3 is enhanced in vivo by the germ cell specific regulator DAZL. RNA, 2007, 13: 974-981.
79. Noguera J L, Varona L, Gomez-Raya L, Sanchez A, Babot D, Estany J, Messer L A, Rothschild M, Perez-Enciso M. Estrogen receptor polymorphism in Landrace pigs and its association with litter size performance. Livestock Production Science, 2003, 82, 53-9.
80. Panayiota Trifillis, Nancy Day, Megerditch Kiledjian. Finding the right RNA: Identification of cellular mRNA substrates for RNA-binding proteins. RNA, 1999, 5, 1071-1082.
81. Paszek A A, Wilkie P J, Flickinger G H, Rohrer G A, Alexander L J, Beattic C W, Schook L B. Interval mapping of growth in divergent swine cross. Mamm Genome, 1999, 10: 117-122.
82. Rathje T A, Rohrer G A, Johnson R K. Evidence for quantitative trait loci affecting ovulation rate in pigs. J Anima Sci, 1997, 75: 1486-1494.
83. Renate Faast, Varaporn Thonglairoam, Thomas C Schulz, Jacquie Beall, Julian R E Wells, Helen Taylor, Klaus Matthaei, Peter D Rathjen, David J Tremethick, and Ian Lyons. Histone variant H2A.Z is required for early mammalian development. Current Biology, 2001, 11: 1183-7.
84. Robert K Suto, Michael J Clarkson, David J Tremethick, and Karolin Luger. Crystal structure of a nucleosome core particle containing the variant histone H2A.Z. Nature Structural Biology, 2000, 7: 1121-4.
85. Roger B Deal, Christopher N Topp, Elizabeth C McKinney, and Richard B. Meagher. Repression of Flowering in Arabidopsis Requires Activation of Flowering Locus C Expression by the Histone Variant H2A.Z. American Society of Plant Biologists, 2007, 19: 74-83.
86. Rohrer G A, Ford J J, Wise T H, Vallet J L, Christenson R K. Identification of quantitative trait loci affecting female reproductive traits in a multi-generation Meishan x Large White composite swine population. J Anim Sci, 1999, 77: 1385-1391.
87. Rothschild M F, Jacobson C, Vaske D A., Tuggle C K, Short T H, Sasaki S, Eckardt G R, McLaren D G. A major gene for litter size in pigs. Proceedings, 5th World Congress of Genetics Applied to Livestock Production, 1994, 21:225-228.
88. Rothschild M F, Messer L, Day A. Investigation of the retionl-binding protein 4 (RBP4) gene as a candidate gene for increased litter size in pigs. Mamm Genome, 2000,11:75-77.
89. Rothschild M F, Plastow G S. Current advances in pig genomics and industry applications. AgBiotech Net, 1999, (http://agbio.cabweb.org/rev-aval.htm)
90. Rothschild M, Jacobson C, Vaske D, Tuggle C, Wang L, Short T, Eckardt G, Sasaki S, Vincent A, McLaren D, Southwood O, van der Steen H, Mileham A, Plastow G. The estrogen receptor locus is associated with a major gene influencing litter size in pigs. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1996, 93:201-5.
91. Sato S, Atsuji K, Saito N, Okitsu M, Sato S, Komatsuda A, Mitsuhashi T, Nirasawa K, Hayashi T, Sugimoto Y, Kobayashi E. Identification of quantitative trait loci affecting corpora lutea and number of teats in a Meishan x Duroc F2 resource population. J Anim Sci, 2006, 84:2895-901.
92. Shobha Vasudevan, Emre Seli and Joan A. Steitz Metazoan oocyte and early embryo development program: a progression through translation regulatory cascades. Genes & Dev, 2007, 20: 138-146.
93. Short T H, Rothchild M F, Southwood O I, McLaren D G, DeVries A, Van der Steen H, Eckardt G R, Tuggle C K, Helm J, Vaske D A, Mileham A J, Plastow G S. Effect of the Estrogen receptor locus on reproduction and production traits in four commercial pig lines. J Anim Sci,.1997, 75:3183-3192.
94. Smith T P, Showalter A D, Sloop K W, Rohrer G A, Fahrenkrug S C, Meier B C, Rhodes S J. Identification of porcine Lhx3 and SF1 as candidate genes for QTL affecting growth and reproduction traits in swine. Anim Genet, 2001, 32:344-50.
95. Southwood O I , Short T H, Plastow G S. Genetic markers for litter size in commercial lines of pig. In: Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. Arimidale, Australia. 1998, 26:453-456.
96. Spotter A, Drogemuller C, Hamann H, Distl O. Evidence of a new leukemia inhibitory factor-associated genetic marker for litter size in a synthetic pig line. J Anim Sci, 2005, 83:2264-70.
97. Spotter A, Drogemuller C, Kuiper H, Brenig B, Leeb T, Distl O. Molecular characterization and chromosome assignment of the porcine gene for leukemia inhibitory factor LIF. Cytogenet Cell Genet, 2001, 93:87-90.
98. T Vogel, R M Speed, A Ross, and H J Cooke. Partial rescue of the DAZL Knockout mouse by the human DAZL gene. Molecular Human Reproduction. 2002, Vol.8, No.9 pp: 797-804.
99. Teng, Y.N., Lin, Y.M., Lin, Y.H., Tsao, S.Y., Hsu, C.C., Lin, S.J., Tsai, W.C. and Kuo, P.L.,. Association of a single-nucleotide polymorphism of the deleted-in-azoospermia -like gene with susceptibility to spermatogenic failure. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab, 2002, 87: 5258-5264.
100.Thomas J Leach, Maria Mazzeo, Heather L Chotkowski, James P Madigan, Michael G. Wotring, and Robert L Glaser. Histone H2A.Z Is Widely but Nonrandomly Distributed in Chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster. J Biol. Chem, 2000, 30: 23267-23272.
101.Van der Steen H A, Southwood O I, Vries A G, Short T H, Mclaren D G, Wei M, Plastow G S. Evidence of a new genetic marker for litter size in Meishan synthetic pigs. Proceedings of International Conference on Animal Biotechnology. Beijing. International Academic Publishers, 1997. 17-20.
102.Van Laere A S, Nguyen M, Braunschweig M, Nezer C, Collette C, Moreau L, Archibald A L, Haley C S, Buys N, Tally M, Andersson G, Georges M, Andersson L. A regulatory mutation in IGF2 causes a major QTL effect on muscle growth in the pig. Nature, 2003, 425:832-6.
103.Vincent A L, Evans G, Short T H, Southwood O I, Plastow G S, Tuggle C K, Rothchild M F. The prolactin receptor gene is associated with increased litter size in pigs. Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. Arimidale, Australia. 1998, 27:15-18.
104.W R Lamberson, G R Eckardt. Local changes in uterine dimensions in the pregnant pig. Animal Reproduction Science, 1996, 43: 35-41
105.Wilkie P J, Paszek A A, Beattie C W, Alexander L J, Wheeler M B, Schook L B. A genomic scan of porcine reproductive traits reveals possible quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for number of corpora lutea. Mamm Genome, 1999. 10:573-8.
106.Wilkie P J, Paszek A A, Flickinger G H, Rohrer G A, Alexander L J, Beattie C W, Schook L B. Scan of eight porcine chromosomes for growth carcass and reproductive traits reveals two likely quantitative trait loci. Anim Genet, 1996, 27:117-118.
107.Xinfu Jiao, Panayiota Trifillis, and Megerditch Kiledjian. Identification of Target Messenger RNA Substrates for the Murine Deleted in Azoospermia-Like RNA-Binding Protein. Biology of Reproduction, 2002, 66: 475-485.
108.Yasue H, Mikawa S, Uenishi H, Wada Y. Analysis of allele segregation distortion in a swine resource family. Anim Biotechnol, 1999, 10:147-52.
109.Yen-ni Teng, Yung-Ming Lin, Ying-Hung Lin, Shu-Yi Tsao, Chao-Chin Hsu, Shio-Jean Lin, Wan-Ching Tsai, AND Pao-Lin Kuo. Association of a Single- Nucleotide Polymorphism of the Deleted-in-Azoospermia-Like Gene with Susceptibility to Spermatogenic Failure. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2007, 87: 5258-5264.
2.储明星.太湖猪高繁殖力研究与应用.北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2003.
3.丁能水,任冬仁,郭源梅,任军,颜瑛,麻俊武,陈克飞,黄路生.猪前列腺素内过氧化物酶2(PTGS2)基因的遗传变异及其与繁殖性状相关性研究.遗传学报,2006,33:213-219.
4.李凤娥.猪品种间ESR基因PCR-RFLP的初步研究.华中农业大学学报,2000,19:37-39.
5.李永辉.NCOA1基因与猪产仔性状的相关及序列分析.[硕士学位论文].2005
6.鲁绍雄,吴常信.动物育种方法的回顾与展望.国外畜牧科技,2000,27:24-2.
7.牛步月 猪繁殖性状10个候选基因的分离、鉴定、遗传效应分析及功能初探[博士学位论文]武汉:华中农业大学图书馆,2007.
8.阮征,王春芳,韩艳云,凌家瑞,钟思华,叶成风.以催乳素受体基因(PRLR)作为母猪产仔数候选基因的研究.上海畜牧兽医通讯,2002,1:20-21.
9.邵玉娟.猪繁殖性状相关候选基因MAN282,mSR和RGS12的遗传效应分析.[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中农业大学图书馆,2005.
10.肖璐,李宁,陈永福,吴常信,张建生,孙士铨.猪雌激素受体(ESR)位点的RFLPs分析及特异的限制性内切酶片断的部分序列分析.遗传,1997,19:32-34.
11.熊远著.瘦肉猪育种的发展及展望.中国工程科学.2000,2:41-46.
12.徐宁迎.候选基因法检测家畜数量性状基因位点的研究与应用.浙江农业学报,1999,11:266-270.
13.徐子清,梅书棋,樊俊华.猪ESR基因一个外显子片断的克隆与序列分析.畜牧兽医学报,2001,32:101-107.
14.张淑君,熊远著,邓昌彦,郑嵘,蒋思文,肖森木,夏瑜,徐建祥,刘晓华,王春芳,阮征,宫时玉.卵泡刺激素受体基因作为产仔数候选基因的研究.华中农业大学学报,2002,21:506-508.
15.张沅.家畜育种学.北京:中国农业出版社,2001:350-361.
16.赵要风,李宁,陈永福,吴常信,张建生,孙士铨,徐学清.猪FSHβ亚基基因结构区逆转座子插放突变与猪产仔数关系的研究.中国科学(C辑),1999,29:81-86.
17.A Rodriguez,C Diez,J N Caamano,C de Frutos,L J Royo,M Munoz,S Ikeda,N Facal,M Alvarez-Viejo,E Gomez.Retinoid receptor-specific agonists regulate bovine in vitro early embryonic development, differentiation and expression of genes related to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Theriogenology, 2007, 68: 1118-1127.
18. Anita A Thambirajah, Deanna Dryhurst, Toyotaka Ishibashi, Andra Li, Allison H. Maffey, and Juan Ausio. H2A.Z Stabilizes Chromatin in a Way That Is Dependent on Core Histone Acetylation. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2006, 281: 20036-44.
19. Antoine Viens, Undine Mechold, Franck Brouillard, Cristele Gilbert, Philippe Leclerc, and Vasily Ogryzko. Analysis of Human Histone H2AZ Deposition In Vivo Argues against Its Direct Role in Epigenetic Templating Mechanisms. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 2006, 26: 5325-35.
20. B Buske, I Sternstein, M Rei, G Brockmann. Detection of novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CYP21 gene and association analysis of two SNPs for CYP21 and ESR2 with litter size in a commercial sow population. J Anim Breed Genet. 2006, 123:343-8.
21. Beno(?)t Guillemette and Luc Gaudreau. Reuniting the contrasting functions of H2A.Z. Biochem Cell Biol. 2006, 84: 528-535.
22. Berg F, Stern S, Andersson K, Andersson L, Moller M Refined. Localization of the FAT1 quantitative trait locus on pig chromosome 4 by marker-assisted backcrossing. BMC Genet, 2006,17: 7: 17.
23. Braglia S, Ramirez O, Noguera J L, Tomas A, Ovilo C, Varona L. Comparison of genetic models for analysing the effects of a PvuII polymorphism in the oestrogen receptor 1 ( ESR1 ) gene on prolificacy in an Iberian x Meishan pig population. Anim Genet, 2006, 37:454-8.
24. Brian P Chadwick, and Huntington F Willard. Histone H2A variants and the inactive X chromosome: identification of a second macro H2A variant. Human Molecular Genetics, 2001, 10 (10) :1101-13.
25. Buske B, BrunschC, Zeller K, Reinecke, P, Brockmann G. Analysis of properdin (BF) genotypes associated with litter size in a commercial pig cross population. J. Anim Breed Genet, 2005, 122:259-263.
26. Cassady J P, Johnson R K, Pomp D. Identification of quantitative trait loci affecting reprodution in pigs. J Anim Sci, 2001, 79: 623-633.
27. Cassady JP, Johnson RK, Pomp D, Rohrer GA, Van Vleck LD, Spiegel EK, Gilson KM. Identification of quantitative trait loci affecting reproduction in pigs. J Anim Sci. 2001,79 (3) :623-33.
28. Cassady JP, Johnson RK, Pomp D, Rohrer GA, Van Vleck LD, Spiegel EK and Gilson KM. Identification of quantitative trait loci affecting reproduction in pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 2001 79: 623-633.
29. Cauffman, G., Van de Velde, H., Liebaers, I. and Van Steirteghem. DAZL expression in human oocytes, preimplantation embryos and embryonic stem cells. Mol. Hum. Reprod, 2005, 11:405-411.
30. Christina Tenenhaus Dann, Alma L Alvarado, Robert E Hammer, and David L. Garbers Heritable and stable gene knockdown in rats. PNAS. 2006, vol 103, no 30.
31. Christopher L Hatch, and William M Bonner. Sequence of cDNAs for mammalian H2A.Z: an evolutionarily diverged but highly conserved basal histone H2A isoprotein species. Nucleic Acids Research, 1988, Volume 16 Number 3.
32. Christopher L.Hatch, William M.Bonner. An upstream region of the H2AZ gene promoter modulates promoter activity in different cell types. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1996, 1305: 59-62.
33. Cooke, H.J., Lee, M., Kerr, S., Ruggiu, M. A murine homologue of the human DAZ gene is autosomal and expressed only in male and female gonads. Hum. Mol. Genet, 1996,5:513-516.
34. Danny Rangasamy, Leise Berven, Patricia Ridgway and David John Tremethick Pericentric heterochromatin becomes enriched with H2A.Z during early mammalian development. The EMBO Journal, 2003, Vol. 22, No. 7: 1599-1607.
35. De Koning D J, Harlizius B, Rattink A P, Groenen M A, Brascamp E W, van Aeendonk J A. Detection and characterization of quantitative trait loci for meat quality traits in pigs. J Anim Sci, 2001b, 79: 2812-2819.
36. Dustin L Updike, Susan E Mango. Temporal Regulation of Foregut Development by HTZ-1/H2A.Z and PHA-4/FoxA. Plos Genetic, 2006, 2(9): e161.
37. Ellegren H, Frelheltn M, Eslforts-Lilja I, Winter A K, Andersson L. Conserved synteny between pig chromosome 8 and human chromosome 4 but rearranged and distorted linkage maps. Genomics, 1993, 17: 599-603.
38. Elsen J M. Utilization of genomic information in livestock improvement. Outlook on Agriculture, 2003, 32:241-5.
39. Estelle J, Mercade A, Noguera J L, Perez-Enciso M, Ovilo C, Sanchez A, Folch JM. Effect of the porcine IGF2-intron3-G3072A substitution in an outbred Large White population and in an Iberian x Landrace cross. J Anim Sci, 2005, 83:2723-8.
40. Frederick L Moore, Jadwiga Jaruzelska, Mark S Fox, Jun Urano, Meri T Firpo, Paul J Turek, David M. Dorfman and Renee A Reijo Pera. Human Pumilio-2 is expressed in embryonic stem cells and germ cells and interacts with DAZ ( Deleted in AZoospermia) and DAZ-Like proteins. PNAS, 2003, 100: 538-43.
41. Fujii J, Otsu K, Zorzato F, de Leon S, Khanna V K, Weiler J E, O'Brien P J, MacLennan D H. Identification of a mutation in porcine ryanodine receptor associated with malignant hyperthermia. Science, 1991, 253:448-51.
42. Goliasova E, Wolf J. Impact of the ESR gene on litter size and production traits in Czech Large White pigs. Anim Genet, 2004, 35:293-7.
43. H A Pan, S J Tsai, C W Chen, Y C Lee, Y M Lin, and P L Kuo. Expression of DAZL protein in the human corpus luteum. Molecular Human Reproduction, 2002, Vol 8, No 6 pp: 540-545.
44. Hatch C L, Bonner W M. The Human Histone H2A.Z Gene Sequence and Regulation. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1990,265(25): 15211-8.
45. Hirai T, Takikawa H, Kato Y. The gene for the beta subunit of porcine FSH: absence of consensus oestrogen-responsive element and presence of retroposons. J Mol Endocrinol, 1990, 5:147-158.
46. Hiromi Nishida, Takahiro Suzuki, Hiroki Ookawa, Yasuhiro Tomaru and Yoshihide Hayashizaki. Comparative analysis of expression of histone H2a genes in mouse. BMC Genomics, 2005, 6: 108.
47. Hongyan Xu, Mingyou Li, Jianfang Gui, Yunhan Hong. Cloning and expression of medaka DAZL during embryogenesis and gametogenesis. Gene Expression Patterns. 2007, 7: 332-8.
48. Houston DW, King ML. A critical role for Xdazl, a germ plasm-localized RNA, in the differentiation of primordial germ cells in Xenopus. Development, 2000, 127:447-56.
49. Ian K Greaves, Danny Rangasamy, Patricia Ridgway, and David J Tremethick. H2A.Z contributes to the unique 3D structure of the centromere. PNAS, 2007, 104: 525-30.
50. Ieng-Yi Chen, Jacqueline Lypowy, Jayashree Pain, Danish Sayed, Stan Grinberg, Ralph R Alcendor, Junichi Sadoshima, and Maha Abdellatif. Histone H2A.Z Is Essential for Cardiac Myocyte Hypertrophy but Opposed by Silent Information Regulator 2a. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2006, 28: 19369-19377.
51. Istvan Albert, Travis N Mavrich, Lynn P Tomsho, Ji Qi, Sara J Zanton, Stephan C Schuster, B Franklin Pugh. Translational and rotational settings of H2A.Z nucleosomes across the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. Nature, 2007, 446(7135): 572-6.
52. J D Jackson, and M A Gorovsky. Histone H2A.Z has a conserved function that is distinct from that of the major H2A sequence variants. Nucleic Acids Research, 2000, 28:3811-6.
53. Jeon J T, Carlborg O, Tornsten A, Giuffra E, Amarger V, Chardon P, Andersson-Eklund L, Andersson K, Hansson I, Lundstrom K, Andersson L. A paternally expressed QTL affecting skeletal and cardiac muscle mass in pigs maps to the IGF2 locus. Nat Genet, 1999, 21:157-8.
54. Jiang ZH, He H, Hamasima N, Suzuki H and Gibbins AMV. Comparative mapping of Homo sapiens chromosome 4 (HSA4) and Sus scrofa chromosome 8 (SSC8) using orthologous genes representing different cytogenetic bands as landmarks. Genome, 2002,45: 147-156.
55. Johansson Moller M, Chaudhary R, Hellmen E, Hoyheim B, Chowdhary B, Andersson L. Pigs with the dominant white coat color phenotype carry a duplication of the KIT gene encoding the mast/stem cell growth factor receptor. Mamm Genome, 1996, 7: 822-30.
56. Jordanka Zlatanova, Conine Seebart, and Miroslav Tomschik. Napl: taking a closer look at a juggler protein of extraordinary skills. The FASEB Journal, 2007, 21: 1294-1310.
57. Joyce Y Tung, Mitchell P Rosen, Lawrence M Nelson, Paul J Turek, John S Witte, Daniel W Cramer, Marcelle I Cedars and Renee A Reijo-Pera. Novel missense mutations of the Deleted-in-AZoospermia-Like( DAZL ) gene in infertile women and men. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2006, 4:40 doi: 10.1186/1477-7827-4-40.
58. Joyce Y, Tung C, Marc Luetjens, Joachim Wistuba, Eugene Y Xu, Renee A, Reijo Pera, Jorg Gromoll. Evolutionary comparison of the reproductive genes, DAZL and BOULE, in primates with and without DAZ. Dev Genes Evol. 2006, 216: 158-168.
59. Joyce, Y Tung, Mitchell, P Rosen Lawrence M.Nelson□Paul J.Turek John S. Witte Daniel W.Cramer Marcelle I. Cedars Renee A. Reijo Pera. Variants in Deleted in AZoospermia-Like (DAZL) are correlated with reproductive parameters in men and women. Hum Genet, 2006, 118: 730-740.
60. K.Thangaraj, S R Deepa, K Pavani, N J Gupta, P Reddy, A G Reddy, B N Chakravarty and L Singh. A to G transitions at 260, 386 and 437 in DAZL gene are not associated with spermatogenic failure in Indian population. International journal of andrology. 2006, 29: 510-514.
61. Kato Y. Cloning and DNA sequencing analysis of the cDNA for the precursor of porcine follicle stimulating hormone βsubunit. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 1988, 55:107-112.
62. Kearsey M J. The principles of QTL analysis (a minimal mathematics. Approach) .J ExpBot, 1998,49:1619-1623.
63. King A H, Jiang Z, Gibson J P, Haley CS, Archibald A L. Mapping quantitative trait loci affecting female reproductive traits on porcine chromosome8. Biol Reprod, 2003, 68:2172-2179.
64. Knott S A, Marklund L, Haley C S, Andersson K, Davies W, Ellegren H, Fredholm M, Hansson I, Hoyheim B, Lundstrom K, Moller M, Andersson L. Multiple marker mapping of quantitative trait loci in a cross between outbred wild boar and large white pigs. Genetics, 1998, 149:1069-80.
65. Kyung Ho Lee, Seongju Lee, Byunghyuk Kim, Sunghoe Chang, Soo Woong Kim, Jae-Seung Paick, and Kunsoo Rhee. DAZL can bind to dynein motor complex and may play a role in transport of specific mRNAs. The EMBO Journal. 2006, 25: 4263-4270.
66. L.Bartoloni, C.Cazzadore, A.Ferlin, A.Garolla and C.Foresta Lack of the T54A polymorphism of the DAZL gene in infertile Italian patients Molecular Human Reproduction. 2004, Vol.10, No.8 pp: 613-615.
67. Lemieux K, Larochelle M, Gaudreau L. Variant histone H2A.Z, but not the HMG proteins Nhp6a/b, is essential for the recruitment of Swi/Snf, Mediator, and SAGA to the yeast GAL1 UAS (G). Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2008, 369: 1103-7.
68. Liaw R B, Chang H L, Lai Y Y. Influence of sow osteopontin genotype on survival rate of newborn piglets. Journal of the Chinese Society of Animal Science, 1999, 28: 33-39.
69. Mark Fox, Jun Urano, Renee A.Reijo Pera. Identification and characterization of RNA sequences to which human PUMILIO-2(PUM2) and deleted in Azoospermia-like (DAZL) binding. Genomics, 2005, 85: 92-105.
70. Megerditch Kiledjian, Nancy Day, and Panayiota Trifillis. Puri(?)cation and RNA Binding Properties of the Polycytidylate-Binding Proteins aCP1 and aCP2. METHODS, 1999, 17: 84-91.
71. Messer L, Wang L, Legant C. Mapping and investigation of candidate genes for litter size in French Large White pigs. Anim Genet., 1996c, 27: 114.
72. Messer L,Wang L,Yelich J, Pomp D, Geisert R, Rothschild M F. Linkage mapping of the retinoic acid receptor-gamma gene to porcine chromosome 5. Anim Genet., 1996a, 27: 175-177.
73. Milan D, Jeon J T, Looft C, Amarger V, Robic A, Thelander M, Rogel-Gaillard C, Paul S, Iannuccelli N, Rask L, Ronne H, Lundstrom K, Reinsch N, Gellin J, Kalm E, Roy P L, Chardon P, Andersson L. A mutation in PRKAG3 associated with excess glycogen content in pig skeletal muscle. Science, 2000, 288: 1248-51.
74. Milan D, Woloszyn N, Yerle M, Le Roy P, Bonnet M, Riquet J, Lahbib-Mansais Y, Caritez J C, Robic A, Sellier P, Elsen J M, Gellin J. Accurate mapping of the "acid meat" RN gene on genetic and physical maps of pig chromosome 15. Mamm Genome, 1996,7:47-51.
75. Montgomery G W, Crawford A M, Penty J M, Dodds K G, Ede A J, Henry H M, Pierson C A, Lord E A, Galloway S M, Schmack A E, Sise J A, Swarbrick P A, Hanrahan V, Buchanan F C, Hill D F. The ovine Booroola fecundity gene (FecB) is linked to markers from a region of human chromosome 4q. Nat Genet, 1993, 23: 417-424.
76. Nancy D Rodgers, Xinfu Jiao, and Megerditch Kiledjian. Identifying mRNAs bound by RNA-binding proteins using affinity purification and differential display. Methods, 2002,26: 115-122.
77. Nezer C, Moreau L, Brouwers B, Coppieters W, Detillieux J, Hanset R, Karim L, Kvasz A, LeRoy P, Georges M. An imprinted QTL with major effect on muscle mass and fat deposition maps to the IGF2 locus in pigs. Nat Genet, 1999, 21:155-156.
78. Nicola Reynolds, Brian Collier, Victoria Bingham, Nicola K Gray, and Howard J Cooke. Translation of the synaptonemal complex component Sycp3 is enhanced in vivo by the germ cell specific regulator DAZL. RNA, 2007, 13: 974-981.
79. Noguera J L, Varona L, Gomez-Raya L, Sanchez A, Babot D, Estany J, Messer L A, Rothschild M, Perez-Enciso M. Estrogen receptor polymorphism in Landrace pigs and its association with litter size performance. Livestock Production Science, 2003, 82, 53-9.
80. Panayiota Trifillis, Nancy Day, Megerditch Kiledjian. Finding the right RNA: Identification of cellular mRNA substrates for RNA-binding proteins. RNA, 1999, 5, 1071-1082.
81. Paszek A A, Wilkie P J, Flickinger G H, Rohrer G A, Alexander L J, Beattic C W, Schook L B. Interval mapping of growth in divergent swine cross. Mamm Genome, 1999, 10: 117-122.
82. Rathje T A, Rohrer G A, Johnson R K. Evidence for quantitative trait loci affecting ovulation rate in pigs. J Anima Sci, 1997, 75: 1486-1494.
83. Renate Faast, Varaporn Thonglairoam, Thomas C Schulz, Jacquie Beall, Julian R E Wells, Helen Taylor, Klaus Matthaei, Peter D Rathjen, David J Tremethick, and Ian Lyons. Histone variant H2A.Z is required for early mammalian development. Current Biology, 2001, 11: 1183-7.
84. Robert K Suto, Michael J Clarkson, David J Tremethick, and Karolin Luger. Crystal structure of a nucleosome core particle containing the variant histone H2A.Z. Nature Structural Biology, 2000, 7: 1121-4.
85. Roger B Deal, Christopher N Topp, Elizabeth C McKinney, and Richard B. Meagher. Repression of Flowering in Arabidopsis Requires Activation of Flowering Locus C Expression by the Histone Variant H2A.Z. American Society of Plant Biologists, 2007, 19: 74-83.
86. Rohrer G A, Ford J J, Wise T H, Vallet J L, Christenson R K. Identification of quantitative trait loci affecting female reproductive traits in a multi-generation Meishan x Large White composite swine population. J Anim Sci, 1999, 77: 1385-1391.
87. Rothschild M F, Jacobson C, Vaske D A., Tuggle C K, Short T H, Sasaki S, Eckardt G R, McLaren D G. A major gene for litter size in pigs. Proceedings, 5th World Congress of Genetics Applied to Livestock Production, 1994, 21:225-228.
88. Rothschild M F, Messer L, Day A. Investigation of the retionl-binding protein 4 (RBP4) gene as a candidate gene for increased litter size in pigs. Mamm Genome, 2000,11:75-77.
89. Rothschild M F, Plastow G S. Current advances in pig genomics and industry applications. AgBiotech Net, 1999, (http://agbio.cabweb.org/rev-aval.htm)
90. Rothschild M, Jacobson C, Vaske D, Tuggle C, Wang L, Short T, Eckardt G, Sasaki S, Vincent A, McLaren D, Southwood O, van der Steen H, Mileham A, Plastow G. The estrogen receptor locus is associated with a major gene influencing litter size in pigs. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1996, 93:201-5.
91. Sato S, Atsuji K, Saito N, Okitsu M, Sato S, Komatsuda A, Mitsuhashi T, Nirasawa K, Hayashi T, Sugimoto Y, Kobayashi E. Identification of quantitative trait loci affecting corpora lutea and number of teats in a Meishan x Duroc F2 resource population. J Anim Sci, 2006, 84:2895-901.
92. Shobha Vasudevan, Emre Seli and Joan A. Steitz Metazoan oocyte and early embryo development program: a progression through translation regulatory cascades. Genes & Dev, 2007, 20: 138-146.
93. Short T H, Rothchild M F, Southwood O I, McLaren D G, DeVries A, Van der Steen H, Eckardt G R, Tuggle C K, Helm J, Vaske D A, Mileham A J, Plastow G S. Effect of the Estrogen receptor locus on reproduction and production traits in four commercial pig lines. J Anim Sci,.1997, 75:3183-3192.
94. Smith T P, Showalter A D, Sloop K W, Rohrer G A, Fahrenkrug S C, Meier B C, Rhodes S J. Identification of porcine Lhx3 and SF1 as candidate genes for QTL affecting growth and reproduction traits in swine. Anim Genet, 2001, 32:344-50.
95. Southwood O I , Short T H, Plastow G S. Genetic markers for litter size in commercial lines of pig. In: Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. Arimidale, Australia. 1998, 26:453-456.
96. Spotter A, Drogemuller C, Hamann H, Distl O. Evidence of a new leukemia inhibitory factor-associated genetic marker for litter size in a synthetic pig line. J Anim Sci, 2005, 83:2264-70.
97. Spotter A, Drogemuller C, Kuiper H, Brenig B, Leeb T, Distl O. Molecular characterization and chromosome assignment of the porcine gene for leukemia inhibitory factor LIF. Cytogenet Cell Genet, 2001, 93:87-90.
98. T Vogel, R M Speed, A Ross, and H J Cooke. Partial rescue of the DAZL Knockout mouse by the human DAZL gene. Molecular Human Reproduction. 2002, Vol.8, No.9 pp: 797-804.
99. Teng, Y.N., Lin, Y.M., Lin, Y.H., Tsao, S.Y., Hsu, C.C., Lin, S.J., Tsai, W.C. and Kuo, P.L.,. Association of a single-nucleotide polymorphism of the deleted-in-azoospermia -like gene with susceptibility to spermatogenic failure. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab, 2002, 87: 5258-5264.
100.Thomas J Leach, Maria Mazzeo, Heather L Chotkowski, James P Madigan, Michael G. Wotring, and Robert L Glaser. Histone H2A.Z Is Widely but Nonrandomly Distributed in Chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster. J Biol. Chem, 2000, 30: 23267-23272.
101.Van der Steen H A, Southwood O I, Vries A G, Short T H, Mclaren D G, Wei M, Plastow G S. Evidence of a new genetic marker for litter size in Meishan synthetic pigs. Proceedings of International Conference on Animal Biotechnology. Beijing. International Academic Publishers, 1997. 17-20.
102.Van Laere A S, Nguyen M, Braunschweig M, Nezer C, Collette C, Moreau L, Archibald A L, Haley C S, Buys N, Tally M, Andersson G, Georges M, Andersson L. A regulatory mutation in IGF2 causes a major QTL effect on muscle growth in the pig. Nature, 2003, 425:832-6.
103.Vincent A L, Evans G, Short T H, Southwood O I, Plastow G S, Tuggle C K, Rothchild M F. The prolactin receptor gene is associated with increased litter size in pigs. Proceedings of the 6th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. Arimidale, Australia. 1998, 27:15-18.
104.W R Lamberson, G R Eckardt. Local changes in uterine dimensions in the pregnant pig. Animal Reproduction Science, 1996, 43: 35-41
105.Wilkie P J, Paszek A A, Beattie C W, Alexander L J, Wheeler M B, Schook L B. A genomic scan of porcine reproductive traits reveals possible quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for number of corpora lutea. Mamm Genome, 1999. 10:573-8.
106.Wilkie P J, Paszek A A, Flickinger G H, Rohrer G A, Alexander L J, Beattie C W, Schook L B. Scan of eight porcine chromosomes for growth carcass and reproductive traits reveals two likely quantitative trait loci. Anim Genet, 1996, 27:117-118.
107.Xinfu Jiao, Panayiota Trifillis, and Megerditch Kiledjian. Identification of Target Messenger RNA Substrates for the Murine Deleted in Azoospermia-Like RNA-Binding Protein. Biology of Reproduction, 2002, 66: 475-485.
108.Yasue H, Mikawa S, Uenishi H, Wada Y. Analysis of allele segregation distortion in a swine resource family. Anim Biotechnol, 1999, 10:147-52.
109.Yen-ni Teng, Yung-Ming Lin, Ying-Hung Lin, Shu-Yi Tsao, Chao-Chin Hsu, Shio-Jean Lin, Wan-Ching Tsai, AND Pao-Lin Kuo. Association of a Single- Nucleotide Polymorphism of the Deleted-in-Azoospermia-Like Gene with Susceptibility to Spermatogenic Failure. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2007, 87: 5258-5264.