黄芪卫矛合剂对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏内皮细胞损伤的干预研究
|
摘要
糖尿病肾病(diabeticnephropathy,DN)是糖尿病(diabetesmellitus,DM)重要的微血管并发症之一,也是导致慢性肾功能不全的主要原因。目前DN的发病机制尚不清楚,亦缺乏有效的治疗手段。因此,积极地寻找有效方法治疗DN对于延长患者寿命,提高生活质量具有重大意义。本论文从文献综述、理论和实验研究三方面加以探讨,实验研究方面选用了体现益气行血、消癥化积治法的黄芪卫矛合剂,重点观察其对单侧肾切除合并注射链脲佐菌素DN大鼠模型肾脏内皮细胞损伤的干预作用。
1文献研究:就近年来现代医学对于DN的发病机理、治疗用药、研究方法;中医药防治DN作用机制进展;内皮细胞和DN关系;实验性DN动物模型的建立及研究方法等方面研究动态进行了较为系统的总结和综述。
2理论研究:在中医理论指导下,结合现代研究成果,对消渴病肾病的病名、病机理论进行了阐述,认为消渴病肾病是以肾元亏虚、气阴两伤为本,气血瘀滞、痰湿内停为标,久病入络、肾生癥瘕为发病关键;初步阐明了微型癥瘕假说与肾脏内皮细胞损伤机制的相关性,确立了“益气行血、消癥散结”为DN基本治法,为消渴病肾病的研究思路及治法提供了理论依据。
3实验研究:
目的:观察黄芪卫矛合剂对实验性糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏内皮细胞损伤的干预作用及机制。
方法:采用单侧肾切除加链脲佐菌素(STZ)尾静脉注射建立糖尿病肾病动物模型,随机分为模型组(M)、黄芪卫矛合剂治疗组(H)、科素亚治疗组(K),另设假手术组为空白对照组(F)。0、4、8、12周动态观察大鼠一般状态、体重、尿量、空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血脂、24小时尿蛋白定量、肾功能的变化,光镜观察肾小球及肾小管间质形态学和肾小管周围血管(PCT)网改变;采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测血清层粘连蛋白(LN)和Ⅳ型胶原(typeⅣcollagen)含量,硝酸还原酶法检测肾组织一氧化氮(NO)含量;放射免疫法检测内皮素-1(ET-1)的含量;采用Western-blot的方法测定肾组织中肝细胞生长因子(HGF)和转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)的蛋白表达。
结果:①黄芪卫矛合剂能显著降低DN大鼠空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白,并具有降低血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)而调节脂代谢的作用,与模型组比较有显著差异(P<0.05,P<0.01);能够降低DN大鼠升高的血清BUN和Scr,与模型组比较有显著差异(P<0.05);降低实验性DN大鼠24小时尿蛋白排泄量,与模型组比较有极显著差异(P<0.01)。提示黄芪卫矛合剂对实验性DN大鼠具有良好的调节糖、脂代谢作用,并具有减少尿蛋白排出、保护肾功能的作用。尤其在降糖、调脂、改善肾功能方面疗效优于科素亚组。其降低24小时尿蛋白的作用不如科素亚,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。病理形态观察显示:模型组光镜下可见肾小球基底膜增厚,系膜区弥漫性增宽,细胞外基质(ECM)增多,肾小管纤维化。经黄芪卫矛合剂治疗后,上述病理改变有显著减轻,提示其对DN大鼠肾脏具有保护作用。科素亚对肾小球也有一定保护作用。
②ELISA结果表明:糖尿病肾病大鼠血清LN和Ⅳ型胶原的合成和分泌明显增多,揭示了DN大鼠肾脏受到一定程度损害。在抑制肾小球合成和分泌LN和Ⅳ型胶原方面,黄芪卫矛合剂和科素亚皆能明显降低造模后LN和Ⅳ型胶原(与模型组相比P<0.05),在降低Ⅳ型胶原方面黄芪卫矛合剂优于科素亚组,但在降低LN方面两组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。表明黄芪卫矛合剂能减少肾小球合成和分泌LN和Ⅳ型胶原,是其防治DN的作用机制之一。
③硝酸还原酶法检测表明糖尿病肾病模型组NO含量显著降低,放射免疫法检测显示其ET-1水平比假手术组显著升高,提示DN大鼠NO与ET-1的平衡失调,内皮功能紊乱,揭示了DN大鼠肾脏损害进一步发展。中药黄芪卫矛合剂和科素亚能明显提高NO含量,降低ET-1水平,与模型组比较差异均有显著性统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01),两组之间比较差异不显著。提示黄芪卫矛合剂能显著改善糖尿病肾病模型所造成的NO表达减少和ET-1释放增多,从而发挥对肾脏内皮细胞的保护作用。表明黄芪卫矛合剂能显著改善糖尿病肾病大鼠模型所致NO的降低和ET-1增高,一定程度恢复二者的平衡紊乱、改善肾脏内皮功能,在此方面与科素亚比较作用相接近。
④采用Westernblot蛋白印迹方法检测各组大鼠肾组织HGF和TGF-β1蛋白表达,研究结果显示:模型组大鼠肾组织中TGF-β1蛋白表达较假手术组明显升高(P<0.05),而HGF蛋白表达较假手术组明显降低(P<0.05),黄芪卫矛合剂和科素亚治疗后可明显下调TGF-β1蛋白表达,上调HGF蛋白表达,以调节HGF和TGF-β1的动态平衡,进一步抑制肾脏内皮细胞损伤,促进肾组织修复。
结论:本课题中黄芪卫矛合剂采用“益气行血、消癥散结”之法,针对DN“微型癥瘕”病机设立,可有效防治糖尿病肾病,其作用机理可能是通过降糖、调脂、降低DN模型大鼠尿蛋白,减轻肾组织病理损伤,抑制细胞外基质主要成分LN和Ⅳ型胶原的合成,调节内皮细胞相关细胞因子NO和ET-1,HGF和TGF-β1的动态平衡发挥作用。其中,部分检测结果显示黄芪卫矛合剂优于科素亚,可能与中药多环节、多靶点治疗作用有一定关系。
Diabetic nephropathy, (DN) is an important microvascular complication of diabeticmellitus (DM) as well as the common reason resulting in chronic renal failure. DN whosepathogenesis has not been fully understood, doesn’t been well treated in the days. It is verysignificance to find a effective method of treatment to DN. Systematic studies on theprevention and treatment for DN by HuangQiWeiMao Mixture (HQWM Mixture) had beenperformed from theaspects of referencereviews, theoryand experimental studyinthis essay.westudytheHuangQiWeiMaoMixturepreventDNkidneyendothelialcellsfromlesion.
1Referencereview
This essay reviewed from the advances of such fields as follwed:The results andprogresses of studyon the pathogenesis and Medication for DN, the method of investigate ofmodern medicine, mechanism of action of prevention and cure DN with traditional Chinesemedicine, the relationship of DN and EC, foundation of the experimental DN animal model.
2Theorystudy
By discussing the pathogenesis theory, principle and method of treatment of Xiao keBing nephrosis with Chinese medicine theories quoting from classics works and combiningmodern research result, we put forward and perfect the theory that deficiency of kidney andimpairment of both QI and YIN are the origin, however qi-stagnancy and blood stasis andphlegmatic hygrosis stay in the body are indications, pathogen usually intruding intocollateral in protracted disease and ZhengJia generate in kidney are the key point.We initialIlluminate the relationship of WeiXingZhengJia hypothesis and endothelial cell lesionmechanism, quibus establish the effective way of“Method of invigorate Qi and activateblood circulation, removing cumulation and stasis”is the fundamental therapeutics to DN ,gisttoprovidthetheoryofstudymethodandresearchtocureDN.
3Experimentalstudy
PURPOSE: Study the HuangQiWeiMao Mixture prevent DN kidney endothelial cellsfromlesionandmechanism.
METHODS: We used DM glomerulosclerosis rats model induced by unilateralnephrectom and injecting streptozotocin(STZ) , then divide them randomly into modelgroup(M),experimental group (H) in HQWM Mixture, positive control group(K) , shamoperated group(F) was blank group . Observed the rats common condition , and examinedrats weight, urine volume , fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),blood-fat , 24h Urine protein quantitation, renal function per month dynamicly . Observeglomerulus and renal tubule mesenchymal morph, peripheral vessels(PCT) use lightmicroscope; detected serum laminin(LN)and typeⅣcollagen content used enzyme linkedimmunosorbent assay(ELISA) method; examined nitrogen monoxidum (NO) content ofnephridial tissue through nitrate reductase; deted endothelin-1(ET-1) by radio-immunity method; observed the express of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) and transforming growthfactorbeta1(TGF-β1)innephridialtissuebywesternblot.
RESULTS:①The results showed HQWM Mixture obviouslyimprove the rats’generalcondition and had a certain effect on reducing blood sugar, serum cholesterol (TC) andtriglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), which had a significant statistic sense incomparing with diabetic model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). as well as it can decrease theexperimental rats’higher serum urea nitrogen, creatinine,it also reduced experimental rats’24h Urine protein evacuation, Which had a significant statistic sense in comparing withdiabetic model group (P<0.05). The results indicated that HQWM Mixture was beneficial forregulating glucose and lipid metabolism, decreasing Urine proteinand excretion improvingrenal function. Surpass positive control therapeutic effect especially in regulating glucose,lipid metabolism and improving renal function. But it didn’t as good as positive control indepress 24h Urine protein, have no statistically significant (P>0.05). The changes of renaltissue morphology in experimental diabetic rats were observed by optical microscope , theconsequence showed that the model group Glomerular mesangium diffuse widen ,extracellular matrix (ECM) increased, basement membrane became thicken.The above-mentioned pathology changes relieved significantly after the treatment by HQWM Mixture,which hinting that it can protect DN rats kidney. While Cozaar can also protect renalglomeruli.
②TheconsequenceofELISAtestshowedthat DNrats secretedandsynthesised LN andtypeⅣcollagen increasingly, which revealingthe kidneyof DN rats damaged at some level.HQWM Mixture and Cozaar can both degrade LN and typeⅣcollagen contents,HQWMMixture group have an advantage effect in reducing typeⅣcollagen, while it didn’t showbetter in LN (P>0.05). We can conclude that HQWM Mixture can decrease glomerulisecreting LN and typeⅣcollagen contents, which maybe one of its mechanism of action topreventandcureDN.
③Studying the content of NO in the experimental animals’renal tissue with nitratereductasetestandET-1withradioimmunoassay,theresultsshowed:thecontentofNOinDNmodelgroup’srenaltissueobviouslydecreased(P<0.01),whilethecontentofET-1increasedsignifycantly. It hinted that kidney endodermis cell lesion and imbalance of NO and ET-1.After the therapy of HQWM Mixture and Cozaar, the content of NO increased andET-1deduced obviously, which have remarkable difference from the model group (P <0.05);WecanconcludethatHQWMMixturecanblockatleastpartlyblockDNratsEClesion.
④ItwasdonethatassayingtheproteinexpressionofHGF,TGF-β1 inexperimentalrats’renaltissueofeachgroupbywestern-blotmethod.Theresultsshowed:theproteinexpressionof HGF in DN model group’s renal tissue obviously decreased, while the protein expressionof TGF-β1 increased significantly comparing with sham operated group (P<0.05). After thetherapyofHQWMMixtureandCozaar,theproteinexpressionofHGFincreasedandTGF-β1 increased significantly, which can adjust the dynamic equilibrium of HGF and TGF-β1,furthermore,itcanhold-backtheECdamageofkidneyandcanpromotekidneytissuerepair.
Conclusion: HQWM Mixture of“method of invigorate Qi and activate bloodcirculation, removing cumulation and stasis”, which aimed directly at“WeiXingZhengJia”,pathogenesis, canpreventionandcurediabeticnephropathyutilitily. Thepossiblemechanismof action is beneficial for regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, decreasing Urineproteinand excretion improving renal function, lessen nephridial tissuedamage, suppressormajor extracellular matrix such as LN and typeⅣcollagen, modulation EC correlated cellfactors dynamic equilibrium such as NO, ET-1, HGF, TGF-β1. This study explores themechanismofHQWMMixtureintreatingDNonamultitargetandmulti-elementbasis.
1文献研究:就近年来现代医学对于DN的发病机理、治疗用药、研究方法;中医药防治DN作用机制进展;内皮细胞和DN关系;实验性DN动物模型的建立及研究方法等方面研究动态进行了较为系统的总结和综述。
2理论研究:在中医理论指导下,结合现代研究成果,对消渴病肾病的病名、病机理论进行了阐述,认为消渴病肾病是以肾元亏虚、气阴两伤为本,气血瘀滞、痰湿内停为标,久病入络、肾生癥瘕为发病关键;初步阐明了微型癥瘕假说与肾脏内皮细胞损伤机制的相关性,确立了“益气行血、消癥散结”为DN基本治法,为消渴病肾病的研究思路及治法提供了理论依据。
3实验研究:
目的:观察黄芪卫矛合剂对实验性糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏内皮细胞损伤的干预作用及机制。
方法:采用单侧肾切除加链脲佐菌素(STZ)尾静脉注射建立糖尿病肾病动物模型,随机分为模型组(M)、黄芪卫矛合剂治疗组(H)、科素亚治疗组(K),另设假手术组为空白对照组(F)。0、4、8、12周动态观察大鼠一般状态、体重、尿量、空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血脂、24小时尿蛋白定量、肾功能的变化,光镜观察肾小球及肾小管间质形态学和肾小管周围血管(PCT)网改变;采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测血清层粘连蛋白(LN)和Ⅳ型胶原(typeⅣcollagen)含量,硝酸还原酶法检测肾组织一氧化氮(NO)含量;放射免疫法检测内皮素-1(ET-1)的含量;采用Western-blot的方法测定肾组织中肝细胞生长因子(HGF)和转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)的蛋白表达。
结果:①黄芪卫矛合剂能显著降低DN大鼠空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白,并具有降低血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)而调节脂代谢的作用,与模型组比较有显著差异(P<0.05,P<0.01);能够降低DN大鼠升高的血清BUN和Scr,与模型组比较有显著差异(P<0.05);降低实验性DN大鼠24小时尿蛋白排泄量,与模型组比较有极显著差异(P<0.01)。提示黄芪卫矛合剂对实验性DN大鼠具有良好的调节糖、脂代谢作用,并具有减少尿蛋白排出、保护肾功能的作用。尤其在降糖、调脂、改善肾功能方面疗效优于科素亚组。其降低24小时尿蛋白的作用不如科素亚,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。病理形态观察显示:模型组光镜下可见肾小球基底膜增厚,系膜区弥漫性增宽,细胞外基质(ECM)增多,肾小管纤维化。经黄芪卫矛合剂治疗后,上述病理改变有显著减轻,提示其对DN大鼠肾脏具有保护作用。科素亚对肾小球也有一定保护作用。
②ELISA结果表明:糖尿病肾病大鼠血清LN和Ⅳ型胶原的合成和分泌明显增多,揭示了DN大鼠肾脏受到一定程度损害。在抑制肾小球合成和分泌LN和Ⅳ型胶原方面,黄芪卫矛合剂和科素亚皆能明显降低造模后LN和Ⅳ型胶原(与模型组相比P<0.05),在降低Ⅳ型胶原方面黄芪卫矛合剂优于科素亚组,但在降低LN方面两组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。表明黄芪卫矛合剂能减少肾小球合成和分泌LN和Ⅳ型胶原,是其防治DN的作用机制之一。
③硝酸还原酶法检测表明糖尿病肾病模型组NO含量显著降低,放射免疫法检测显示其ET-1水平比假手术组显著升高,提示DN大鼠NO与ET-1的平衡失调,内皮功能紊乱,揭示了DN大鼠肾脏损害进一步发展。中药黄芪卫矛合剂和科素亚能明显提高NO含量,降低ET-1水平,与模型组比较差异均有显著性统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01),两组之间比较差异不显著。提示黄芪卫矛合剂能显著改善糖尿病肾病模型所造成的NO表达减少和ET-1释放增多,从而发挥对肾脏内皮细胞的保护作用。表明黄芪卫矛合剂能显著改善糖尿病肾病大鼠模型所致NO的降低和ET-1增高,一定程度恢复二者的平衡紊乱、改善肾脏内皮功能,在此方面与科素亚比较作用相接近。
④采用Westernblot蛋白印迹方法检测各组大鼠肾组织HGF和TGF-β1蛋白表达,研究结果显示:模型组大鼠肾组织中TGF-β1蛋白表达较假手术组明显升高(P<0.05),而HGF蛋白表达较假手术组明显降低(P<0.05),黄芪卫矛合剂和科素亚治疗后可明显下调TGF-β1蛋白表达,上调HGF蛋白表达,以调节HGF和TGF-β1的动态平衡,进一步抑制肾脏内皮细胞损伤,促进肾组织修复。
结论:本课题中黄芪卫矛合剂采用“益气行血、消癥散结”之法,针对DN“微型癥瘕”病机设立,可有效防治糖尿病肾病,其作用机理可能是通过降糖、调脂、降低DN模型大鼠尿蛋白,减轻肾组织病理损伤,抑制细胞外基质主要成分LN和Ⅳ型胶原的合成,调节内皮细胞相关细胞因子NO和ET-1,HGF和TGF-β1的动态平衡发挥作用。其中,部分检测结果显示黄芪卫矛合剂优于科素亚,可能与中药多环节、多靶点治疗作用有一定关系。
Diabetic nephropathy, (DN) is an important microvascular complication of diabeticmellitus (DM) as well as the common reason resulting in chronic renal failure. DN whosepathogenesis has not been fully understood, doesn’t been well treated in the days. It is verysignificance to find a effective method of treatment to DN. Systematic studies on theprevention and treatment for DN by HuangQiWeiMao Mixture (HQWM Mixture) had beenperformed from theaspects of referencereviews, theoryand experimental studyinthis essay.westudytheHuangQiWeiMaoMixturepreventDNkidneyendothelialcellsfromlesion.
1Referencereview
This essay reviewed from the advances of such fields as follwed:The results andprogresses of studyon the pathogenesis and Medication for DN, the method of investigate ofmodern medicine, mechanism of action of prevention and cure DN with traditional Chinesemedicine, the relationship of DN and EC, foundation of the experimental DN animal model.
2Theorystudy
By discussing the pathogenesis theory, principle and method of treatment of Xiao keBing nephrosis with Chinese medicine theories quoting from classics works and combiningmodern research result, we put forward and perfect the theory that deficiency of kidney andimpairment of both QI and YIN are the origin, however qi-stagnancy and blood stasis andphlegmatic hygrosis stay in the body are indications, pathogen usually intruding intocollateral in protracted disease and ZhengJia generate in kidney are the key point.We initialIlluminate the relationship of WeiXingZhengJia hypothesis and endothelial cell lesionmechanism, quibus establish the effective way of“Method of invigorate Qi and activateblood circulation, removing cumulation and stasis”is the fundamental therapeutics to DN ,gisttoprovidthetheoryofstudymethodandresearchtocureDN.
3Experimentalstudy
PURPOSE: Study the HuangQiWeiMao Mixture prevent DN kidney endothelial cellsfromlesionandmechanism.
METHODS: We used DM glomerulosclerosis rats model induced by unilateralnephrectom and injecting streptozotocin(STZ) , then divide them randomly into modelgroup(M),experimental group (H) in HQWM Mixture, positive control group(K) , shamoperated group(F) was blank group . Observed the rats common condition , and examinedrats weight, urine volume , fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),blood-fat , 24h Urine protein quantitation, renal function per month dynamicly . Observeglomerulus and renal tubule mesenchymal morph, peripheral vessels(PCT) use lightmicroscope; detected serum laminin(LN)and typeⅣcollagen content used enzyme linkedimmunosorbent assay(ELISA) method; examined nitrogen monoxidum (NO) content ofnephridial tissue through nitrate reductase; deted endothelin-1(ET-1) by radio-immunity method; observed the express of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) and transforming growthfactorbeta1(TGF-β1)innephridialtissuebywesternblot.
RESULTS:①The results showed HQWM Mixture obviouslyimprove the rats’generalcondition and had a certain effect on reducing blood sugar, serum cholesterol (TC) andtriglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), which had a significant statistic sense incomparing with diabetic model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). as well as it can decrease theexperimental rats’higher serum urea nitrogen, creatinine,it also reduced experimental rats’24h Urine protein evacuation, Which had a significant statistic sense in comparing withdiabetic model group (P<0.05). The results indicated that HQWM Mixture was beneficial forregulating glucose and lipid metabolism, decreasing Urine proteinand excretion improvingrenal function. Surpass positive control therapeutic effect especially in regulating glucose,lipid metabolism and improving renal function. But it didn’t as good as positive control indepress 24h Urine protein, have no statistically significant (P>0.05). The changes of renaltissue morphology in experimental diabetic rats were observed by optical microscope , theconsequence showed that the model group Glomerular mesangium diffuse widen ,extracellular matrix (ECM) increased, basement membrane became thicken.The above-mentioned pathology changes relieved significantly after the treatment by HQWM Mixture,which hinting that it can protect DN rats kidney. While Cozaar can also protect renalglomeruli.
②TheconsequenceofELISAtestshowedthat DNrats secretedandsynthesised LN andtypeⅣcollagen increasingly, which revealingthe kidneyof DN rats damaged at some level.HQWM Mixture and Cozaar can both degrade LN and typeⅣcollagen contents,HQWMMixture group have an advantage effect in reducing typeⅣcollagen, while it didn’t showbetter in LN (P>0.05). We can conclude that HQWM Mixture can decrease glomerulisecreting LN and typeⅣcollagen contents, which maybe one of its mechanism of action topreventandcureDN.
③Studying the content of NO in the experimental animals’renal tissue with nitratereductasetestandET-1withradioimmunoassay,theresultsshowed:thecontentofNOinDNmodelgroup’srenaltissueobviouslydecreased(P<0.01),whilethecontentofET-1increasedsignifycantly. It hinted that kidney endodermis cell lesion and imbalance of NO and ET-1.After the therapy of HQWM Mixture and Cozaar, the content of NO increased andET-1deduced obviously, which have remarkable difference from the model group (P <0.05);WecanconcludethatHQWMMixturecanblockatleastpartlyblockDNratsEClesion.
④ItwasdonethatassayingtheproteinexpressionofHGF,TGF-β1 inexperimentalrats’renaltissueofeachgroupbywestern-blotmethod.Theresultsshowed:theproteinexpressionof HGF in DN model group’s renal tissue obviously decreased, while the protein expressionof TGF-β1 increased significantly comparing with sham operated group (P<0.05). After thetherapyofHQWMMixtureandCozaar,theproteinexpressionofHGFincreasedandTGF-β1 increased significantly, which can adjust the dynamic equilibrium of HGF and TGF-β1,furthermore,itcanhold-backtheECdamageofkidneyandcanpromotekidneytissuerepair.
Conclusion: HQWM Mixture of“method of invigorate Qi and activate bloodcirculation, removing cumulation and stasis”, which aimed directly at“WeiXingZhengJia”,pathogenesis, canpreventionandcurediabeticnephropathyutilitily. Thepossiblemechanismof action is beneficial for regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, decreasing Urineproteinand excretion improving renal function, lessen nephridial tissuedamage, suppressormajor extracellular matrix such as LN and typeⅣcollagen, modulation EC correlated cellfactors dynamic equilibrium such as NO, ET-1, HGF, TGF-β1. This study explores themechanismofHQWMMixtureintreatingDNonamultitargetandmulti-elementbasis.
引文
1. American DiabetesAssociation. Diabetic nephropathy: position stanment, AmericanDiabetesAssociation[J].DiabetesCare,1998,21:S50.
2. 陆菊明, 卢艳慧. 重视糖尿病肾病的防治[J].中华内科杂志,2007,46(3):179-180.
3. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. National diabetes fact sheet: generalinformation and national estimates on diabetes in the United States, 2003, Rev ed.Atlanta:US Department of Health and Human service, Center for Disease Control andPrevention,2004.
4. Collins AJ, Kasiske B, Herzog C, et al. United States renal data system 2006 annual datareportabstract[J].AmJKidneyDis,2007,49(1Suppl1):A6-7.
5. IntegratedManagementofCardiovascularRisk–ReportofaWHOMeeting,2002.
6. AmericanDiabetes Association.Diabeticnephropathy[J].Diabetes Care,2003, 26(Suppl1):S94-S98.
7. 黎磊石, 刘志红. 糖尿病肾病的治疗[J]. 中华老年多器官疾病杂志, 2002, 1(3):171-173.
8. 陆菊明, 潘长玉. 糖尿病肾病的流行病学和诊断标准[J]. 中华老年多器官疾病杂志,2002,1(3):163-165.
9. 周文华, 罗从娟, 卞淑芬. 糖尿病肾病发病的相关因素和早期诊断指标分析[J]. 中国实验诊断学,2006,10(10):1140-1142.
10.Okada S, Shikata K, et al. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1-deficient mice are resistantagainstrenalinjuryafterinductionofdiabetes[J].Diabetes,2003,52(10):2586.
11.Abdel-Wahab N, WestonBS, et al. Connective tissue growthfactor and regulation of themesangial cell cycle: role in cellular hypertrophy[J]. J Am Soc Nephrol, 2002, 13(10):2437.
12.Forbes JM, Cooper ME, et al. Role of advanced glycation end products in diabeticnephropathy[J].JAmSocNephrol,2003,14(8Suppl3):S254.
13.Zhang H, Jia Y, Cooper JJ, et al. Common variants in glutamine:fructose-6-phosphateamidotransferase 2 (GFPT2) gene are associated with type 2 diabetes, diabeticnephropathy, and increased GFPT2 mRNA levels[J]. JClin Endocrinol Metab, 2004,89:748-755.
14.Fogarty DG, Rich SS, Hanna L, et al. Urinary albumin excretion in families with type
2diabetes is heritable and genetically correlated to blood pressure[J]. Kidney Int,2000,57:250.
15.刘志红, 黎磊石. 糖尿病肾病发病机理[J]. 中华肾脏病杂志,1999,15(2):120-123.
16.Lane P. Diabetic kidney disease: impact of puberty[J]. Am J Physiol, 2002, 283:F589-F600.
17.林善瑛. 糖尿病肾病发病机制的几个关键[J]. 中华老年多器官疾病杂志, 2002,1(3):165-167.
18. Banerjec S, Ghosh US, Saha SJ. Role of GFR estimation in assessment of the status ofnephropathyintype2diabetesmellitus[J].JAssocPhysiciansIndia,2005,53:181-4.
19.王意忠,崔立芹.糖尿病肾病的研究进展[J]. 中国现代医药杂志,2006,8(1):72-75.
20.StrutzF,ZeisbergM,RenziehausenA,etal.TGFβ1inducesproliferationinhumanrentalfibroblasts via induction of basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) [J]. Kidney Int, 2001,59(2):579-592.
21.McKnight AJ,Savage DA, Patterson CC,et al. Resequencing of genes for transforminggrowth factor beta1 (TGFβ1) type 1 and 2 receptors (TGFβR1, TGFβR2), and associationanalysisofvariantswithdiabeticnephropathy.BMCMedGenet.2007,8:1471-2350.
22.Schena FP, Gesualdo L. Pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy[J]. J AM SocNephrol.2005,16Suppl1:S30-3.
23.Wolf G, Chen S, Ziyadeh FN. From the peripheryof glumerular capillarywall toward thecenter of disease: podocyte injury comes of age in diabetic nephropathy[J]. Diabetes,2005,54(6):1626-34.
24.Darren J, Jackie H, Sauro V, et al. Insulin-like growth factors inhibit podocyte apoptosisthroughthePI3kinasepathway[J].KidneyInt,2005;67:1308-1314.
25.李玉凤, 王雪, 戴皓洁, 等.2型糖尿病肾病患者血清IGF-1、IGFBP-3的研究[J]. 北京医学,2005,27(6):360.
26.Uehara G, Suzuki G, Toyoda M, et al. Glomerular expression of platelet-derived growthfactor PDGF-A, B chain and PDGF receptor-α, βin diabetic nephropathy[J]. Clin ExpNephrol,2004,8:36-42.
27.Malcolm C,William EA,Jonathan A, et al.Glucose-induced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent up regulation of the platelet-derived growth factor-b receptor potentiated vas-cularsmoothmusclecellchemotaxis[J].Diabetes,2003,52:519-526.
28.StraczkowskiM, LewczukP,Dzienis-StraczkowskaS,etal.Elevatedsolubleintercellularadhesion molecule-1 levels in obesity:relationship to insulin resistance and tumornecrosisfactor-alphasystemactivity[J].Metabolism,2002,51(1):75-78.
29.曾长峰, 张兰.肿瘤坏死因子-α 与糖尿病肾病研究评析. 医学综述, 2006, 12(6):372-374.
30.梁旗, 李彩萍.TNF-α与糖尿病微血管病变关系的研究进展. 中华临床医学研究杂志,2006,12(7):970-971.
31.AwadAS,HuangL,YeH,etal.AdenosineA2Areceptoractivationattenuatesinflame-mation and injury in diabetic nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2006, 290(4):F828-F837.
32.Roestenberg P, van Nieuwenhoven FA, Joles JA, et al. Temporal expression profile anddistribution pattern indicate a role of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN-2) indiabeticnephropathyinmice.AmJPhysiolRenalPhysiol.2006,290(6):F1344-F1354.
33.周月宏, 王秋月. CTGF 在糖尿病肾病发病机制中的作用及意义. 国际内分泌代谢杂志,2006,26(4):273-276.
34.陈薇, 叶山东,范爱红, 等. 糖尿病肾病患者尿中结缔组织生长因子的检测及意义.临床输血与检验,2006,8(4):265-267.
35.Hodgkinson AD, Millwand BA, Demaine AG. Polymorphism of the glucose transporter(GLUT1)geneareassociatedwithdiabeticnephropathy[J].KineyInt,2001,59(3):985.
36.JosefJ.K,Vesely,M.D,MariaBetal.NewStrategiesInThePreventionAndManagementOfDiabetesAndItsComplications[J].NEngJMed,1993,329:977-986.
37.UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS)Group. Intensive blood-glucose control withsulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of compli-cationsinpatientswithtype2diabetes(UDPDS33)[J].Lancet1998,352:837-853.
38.American Diabetes Association: Implications of theUnited Kingdom ProspectiveDiabet-esStudy[J].DiabetesCare,2000,23(S1):S27-33.
39.BDA Schaan, Lacchini S, Bertoluci MC, et al. Increased renal GLUT1 abundance andurinary TGF-beta 1 in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: implications for the develop-mentofnephropathycomplicatingdiabetes[J].HormMetabRes,2001,33:664-669.
40.Noh H, Ha H, Yu MR, et al. High glucose increases inducible NO production in culturedratmesangialcells,possibleroleinfibronectinproduction[J].Nephron,2002,90:78–85.
41.OrtizA.Expressionofapoptosis regulatorygenes inrenal proximal tubularepihehal cellsexposedtohighambtentglucoseandindiabeteskidneys[J].JInvMed,1997,45(1):50.
42.ThornalleyPJ, Langborg A, Minhas HS. Formation of glyoxal, methylglyoxal and 3-deo-xyglucosoneintheglycationofproteinsbyglucose[J].BiochemJ,1999,15,344:109-16.
43.ChenM, NagaseM, Fujita T, et al. Diabetes enhances lectin - likeoxidized LDLreceptor-1(LOX-1) expression in the vascular endothelium: possible role of LOX-1 ligand andAGE[J].BiochemBiophysResCommun,2001,287:962-968.
44.Li L, Sawamura T, Renier G, et al. Glucose enhances human macrophage LOX-1expression: role for LOX-1 in glucose–induced macrophage foam cell formation[J]. CircRes,2004,94:892-901.
45.Peppa M, Uribarri J, Vlassara H. The role of advanced glycation end products in thedevelopmentofatherosclerosis[J].CurrDiabRep,2004,4(1):31-36.
46.Iacobini C, Menini S, Oddi G. Galectin-3/AGE-receptor 3 knockout mice show accelerat-edAGE-induced glomerularinjury:evidencefora protectiveroleofgalectin-3as anAGEreceptor[J].FASEBJ,2004,18(14):1773-5.
47.Idris I, Gray S, Donnelly R. Protein kinase C activation: isozyme- specific effects onmetabolism and cardiovascular complications in diabetes[J].Diabetologia, 2001, 44(6):659-673.
48.Han DC, Hoffman BB, Hong SW, et al. Therapy with antisense TGF-β oligade-oxynucleot-ides reduces kidney weight and matrix mRNAs in diabetic mice[J]. Am JPhysiopRenalPhysiol,2000,278(4):28-34.
49.Darren JK, Yuan Z, Claire H, et al. Protein kinase C-βinhibition attenuates the progressi-on of experimental diabetic nephropathy in the presence of continued hypertension[J].Diab-etes,2003,52(2):51228.
50.袁伟杰, 吴灏. 脂质肾毒性在肾脏疾病发生发展中的作用[J]. 继续医学教育, 2006,20(5):32-35.
51.郭晓蕙. 脂毒性导致肾损伤的机制[J]. 国外医学内分泌学分册,2005,25(3):161-163.
52.干正琦. 2 型糖尿病肾病与血脂的相关性分析[J].辽宁实用糖尿病杂志, 2004(2)12:27-28.
53.林昶, 李郑芳, 于南南, 等. 2 型糖尿病患者糖尿病肾病与血脂异常的关系[J]. 实用糖尿病杂志,2004,12(2):12-13.
54.Li JM, Shah AM. ROS generation by nonphagocytic NADPH oxidase: potentialrelevanceindiabeticnephropathy[J].JAmSocNephrol,2003,14(8Suppl3):S221.
55.Ha H, Lee HB. Reactive oxygen species and matrix remodeling in diabetic kidney[J]. JAmSocNephrol,2003,14(8Suppl3):S246.
56.Anjaneyulu M, Chopra K. Effect of Irbesartan on the Antioxidant Defence System andNitricOxideReleaseinDiabeticRatKidney[J].AmJNephrol,2004,24(5):488.
57.OnozatoML, TojoA, et al.Oxidativestress andnitricoxidesynthase inrat diabeticneph-ropathy:effectsofACEIandARB[J].KidneyInt,2002,61(1):186.
58.邱明才. 糖尿病的多器官免疫损伤[J]. 国际内分泌代谢杂志,2006,26(3):215-216.
59.高桦, 邱明才. 应加强对部分2型糖尿病患者多器官免疫损伤的研究[J]. 中华医学杂志,2005,85(12):793-795.
60.Chen S, JimB, et al. Diabetic nephropathy and transforming growth factor- beta: transfo-rming our view of glomerulosclerosis and fibrosis build-up[J]. Ziyadeh FN. SeminNephrol,2003,23(6):532.
61.Ziyadeh FN. Mediators of diabetic renal disease :the case for tgf-Beta as the major medi-ator[J].JAmSocNephrol,2004,1(5Suppl1):S55.
62.王海燕. 肾脏病学[M]. 第2版. 北京:人民卫生出版社,1996,949-967.
63.Pascale H, Lane MW, Steffes PF, et al. Renal interstitial expansion in insulin-dependentdiabetesmellitus[J].KidneyInt,1993,43(3):661.
64.王梅,林晓明,王海燕,等. 早期糖尿病肾病的病理形态学变化探讨[J]. 中国实用内科杂志.2002,22(8):490-491.
65.刘岩,肖笑,钟小仕,等. 糖尿病患者合并肾脏损害的肾活检病理与临床研究[J].中华肾脏病杂志.2006,22(1):19-22.
66.黄颂敏. 糖尿病肾病的防治策略和临床药物治疗[J]. 肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志, 2003,12(5):439.
67.Rosenbery M, Correa Rottar R. Pathogenesis and Risk Factor for Diabetic Nephropat[J].KidneyInt,2003,17(46):272.
68.熊建菁,卢伟.糖尿病患者非药物干预研究[J].中国慢性病预防与控制, 2006,14(5):382-385.
69.Nationalserviceframeworkfordiabetes:deliverystrategy.London:DepartmentofHealth,2002.
70.70.MeigsJB,StaffordRS.CardiovasculardiseasepreventionpracticesbyU.S.Physiciansforpatientswithdiabetes[J].JGenInternMed,2000,15:220-228.
71.NordfeldS,JohanssonC,CarlssonE,et al.Preventionofseverehypoglycaemiaintype1diabetes:arandomizedcontrolledpopulationstudy[J].ArchDisChild,2003,88:240-245.
72.Goyal A, Crook ED. Thiazolidinediones and progression of renal disease in patients withdiabetes[J].JInvestigMed,2006,54:56-61.
73.Fioretto P, Steffes MW, Sutherland DE, et al. Reversal of lesions of diabetic nephropathyafterpancreastransplantation[J].NEnglJMed,1998,339:69-75.
74.Nzucchise. Oral antihyperglycemic therapy for type 2 diabetes: scientific review[J].JAMA,2002,287:360-372.
75.Bakris G, Viberti G, Weston WM, et al. Rosiglitazone reduces urinary album in excretionintype2diabetes[J].JHumHypertens,2003,17:7-12.
76.Bakris GL, Ruilope LM, McMorn SO, et al. Rosiglitazone reduces microalbuminuria andblood pressure independently of glycemia in type 2 diabetes patients with microalbumin-uria[J].Hypertens,2006,24:2047-2055.
77.Frank Pistrosch, Kay Herbrig, Beate Kindel, et al. Rosiglitazone Improves GlomerularHyperfiltration, Renal Endothelial Dysfunction, and Microalbuminur ia of IncipientDiabeticNephropathyinPatients[J].AmDiabetesAssoc,2005,54,7:854–859.
78.Hasslacher C. Safetyand efficacyof repaglinide in type 2 diabetic patients with and withoutimpairedrenalfunction[J].DiabetesCare,2003,26:886-891.
79.Delprato S, Heine R J, Keilson L, et al. Treatment of patients over 64 years of age withtype 2 diabetes: experience from nateglinide pooled database retrospective analysis[J].DiabetesCare,2003,26:2075-2080.
80.刘志红. 糖尿病肾病的治疗[J]. 中国实用内科杂志,2006,26(5):322-323.
81.Amann B. Diabetic nephropathy and ACE in-hibitors[J]. Clin Res Cardiol, 2006, 95(1):i83-i87.
82.Ogawa S,Mori T,Nako K,et al. Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers ReduceUrinary Oxidative Stress Markers in Hypertensive Diabetic Nephropathy[J].Hypertension.2006,47:699.
83.Viberti G, Wheeldon NM. Microalbuminuria reduction with valsartan in patients withtype 2 diabetes mellitus a blood pressure-independent effect[J]. Circulation, 2002, 106:672-678.
84.Parving HH, Lehnert H, Brochner-Mortensen J, et al. The effect of irbesartan on thedevelopment of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes[J]. N Engl J Med,2001,345:870-878.
85.FismanEZ,Tenebaum A,MotroM. Losartanand diabeticnephropathy: commentaries ontheRENAALstudy[J].CardiovascDiabetol,2002,1(1):2.
86.Adersen S, Tamow L,Cambien F, et al. Renoprotective effects of Losartan in diabeticnephropathy; Interaction with ACE insertion/deletion genotype[J]. Kidney Int, 2002, 62(1):192-198.
87.栾旭 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂联合血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂治疗糖尿病肾病的临床研究[J]. 中国临床药理学与治疗学,2006,11(6):706-708.
88.Rossing K, Schjjoedt KJ, Smidt UM, et al. Benefical effects of adding spironolactone torecommended antihypertensive treatment in diabetic nephropathy: a randomized, double-masked,crossoverstudy[J].DiabetesCare,2005,28:2106-2112.
89.RuilopeLM, LunoJ.Angiotensinblockadeintype2diabeticrenaldiseases[J].KidneyIntSuppl,2002,82:61-63.
90.Pahor M, Psaty BM, Alderman MH, et al. Therapeutic benefits of ACE inhibitors andother antihypertensive drugs inpatients with type2 diabetes[J]. Diabetes Care, 2000, 23:888-892.
91.Kim SL, Han DC, Lee HB. Lovastatin inhibits transforming growth factor-β, expressionin diabetic rat glomeruli and cultured rat mesangial cells[J]. J Am Soc Nephrol, 2000,11:80-87.
92.Yang T, Chen JW, Liu CP. Combination of simvastation and cilazapril have preventiveeffect on diabetic nephropathy in diabetic rat and cultured mesangial cells[J].Diabetologia,2001,44(suppl):A265.
93.吴小燕, 查冬青, 贾汝汉. 炎症与糖尿病肾病发生发展的关系[J]. 国际泌尿系统杂志,2006,26(5):714-716.
94.陈俊英, 吕永曼. 抗炎治疗在糖尿病肾病中的应用展望[J]. 国际泌尿系统杂志, 2006,26(5):710-714.
95.陈泽君, 黄颂敏. 蛋白激酶 C-β抑制剂-治疗糖尿病肾病的新希望[J]. 国外医学泌尿
96.程谦, 赵久阳. 激肽系统与糖尿病肾病关系研究进展[J]. 国外医学泌尿系统分册,2005,25(4):569-571.
97.吕学爱, 关广聚, 文蓉珠, 等. 氨基胍对糖尿病大鼠肾脏保护作用的实验研究[J]. 山东大学学报(医学版),2006,44(6):597-601.
98.BoltonWK, Cattran DC, WilliamsME, et al. Wuerth JP: Randomized trial of an inhibitorof formation of advanced glycation end products in diabetic nephropathy[J]. Am JNephrol,2002,24:32-40.
99. 谷立杰,黄一新. 糖尿病肾病药物治疗研究进展[J]. 国际泌尿系统杂志, 2006, 26(5):696-701.
100.FouqueD. Influence ofDietaryProtein IntakeontheProgressionof ChronicRenal Insu-fficiency1 In: Kopple JD, Massry SG, eds. Nutritional Management of Renal Disease,
2nded[J].Philadelphia:LippincottWilliams&Wilkins,2004,241-259.
101.刘厚庆. 糖尿病肾病患者的低蛋白饮食治疗[J]. 社区医学杂志,2006,4(3):26-27.
102.谌贻璞. 糖尿病肾病患者的低蛋白饮食治疗[J].中华糖尿病杂志,2004,12(5):379-381.
103.李广智. 糖尿病肾病的防治-林善锬教授访谈录[J]. 老年医学与保健, 2006, 12(2):128-129.
104.National Institutes of Health, NIDDK/DKUHD. Excertpts from the United States renaldata systems. 2003 annual data report: Stlas of End-stage renal disease in the UnitedStates[J].AmJKidneyDis,2003,42:S226.
105.俞雨生. 终末期糖尿病肾病与透析治疗[J]. 肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志, 2006, 15(4):376-379.
106.汪涛, 陈孟华.糖尿病肾病的透析治疗[J].肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志,2003,12(4): 350-351.
107.陈灏珠. 实用内科学[M].11版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2003:1957.
108.Foley N. Clinical epidemiology of cardiac disease in dialysis patients: left ventricular
1. 赵进喜, 邓德强, 李靖. 糖尿病肾病相关中医病名考辨[J]. 南京中医药大学学报, 2005,21(5):288-289.
2. 果会玲. 黄芪注射液治疗糖尿病肾病25例[J]. 河南中医,2007,27(1):73.
3. 司廷林, 侯慧珍. 黄芪注射液对早期糖尿病肾病尿微量清蛋白及内皮素的影响[J].山东中医药大学学报,2007,31(1):36-37.
4. 杨丽丽, 余静, 常鹏. 黄芪对高血压大鼠肾脏血管紧张素转换酶2表达的影响[J]. 中华高血压杂志,2007,15(1):39-43.
5. 程晖, 贾汝汉, 刘红燕. 黄芪对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用[J]. 中国医师杂志,2006,8(10):1349-1351.
6. 白秀文. 冬虫夏草的药用价值及临床应用[J]. 中国医药导报,2006,3(30):80.
7. 崔海月. 冬虫夏草对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾损伤的保护作用研究[J]. 延边大学医学学报,2006,29(4):252-255.
8. 龚伟, 黎磊石, 陈丹, 等. 百令(冬虫夏草)对糖尿病大鼠转化生长因子β及其受体表达的影响[J]. 肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志,2006,15(4):329-339.
9. 胡杨青, 周巧玲, 刘抗寒, 等. 冬虫夏草对糖尿病肾病鼠肾组织转化生长因子β/C-myc表达的影响[J]. 肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志,2005,14(5):413-417.
10. 肖朝华, 周建华, 吴衡生. 多球壳菌素对高糖诱导肾小球系膜细胞肥大及细胞外基质合成的影响[J]. 实用儿科临床杂志,2006,21(5):268-270.
11. 王尧, 石凤英. 灵芝对大鼠糖尿病肾病的保护作用[J]. 中国糖尿病杂志,2003,11(5):327-331.
12. 王尧, 石凤英. 灵芝对糖尿病大鼠代谢紊乱及早期蛋白尿的作用[J]. 东南大学学报·医学版,2003,22(3):163-166.
13. 孙桂菊, 张勇, 黄杰, 等. 枸杞多糖对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠肾脏保护作用及其机制研究[J]. 营养学报,2006,28(1):47-50.
14. 董兴刚. 雷公藤多甙治疗糖尿病肾病病人时对血脂的影响[J]. 齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2006,27(4):416-417.
15. 洪郁之, 俞东容, 朱斌, 等. 雷公藤内酯醇对糖尿病肾内高压牵张系膜细胞模型细胞因子表达的抑制[J]. 中华糖尿病杂志,2005,13(6):467-468.
16. 范红英, 石咏军. 雷公藤多苷对糖尿病肾病患者转化生长因子β1的影响[J]. 中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2005,6(7):395-397.
17. KR. 用卫矛提取物预防糖尿病[J]. 国外医药·植物药分册,2006,21(2):85.
18. 黄德斌, 余昭芬. 鬼箭羽三种提取物对氧自由基作用的影响[J]. 湖北民族学院学报.医学版,2006,23(2):4-6.
19. 杨海燕, 王秋娟, 朱丹妮, 等. 中药鬼箭羽提取物对脂肪细胞葡萄糖摄取作用的影响[J]. 中国天然药物,2004,2(6):365-368.
20. 杨金晶, 杨秋萍. 灯盏花素的抗氧化作用与糖尿病肾病[J]. 四川医学,2006,27(8):795-797.
21. 蒋涛, 高妍, 熊祖应. 灯盏花素对高糖环境肾系膜细胞c-fos,c-jun蛋白表达的影响[J].中国药理学通报,2001,10(17):503-506.
22. 张辉, 魏连波, 龙海波, 等. 迈地通对2型糖尿病肾病凝血/纤溶状态的影响[J].中成药,2007,29(2):167-170.
23. 张莹, 宋光华. 野黄芩甙元对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用[J]. 中国糖尿病杂志,2003,11(5):324-326.
24. 吴玲. 阿魏酸钠对早期糖尿病肾病患者的疗效观察[J]. 现代医药卫生,2006,22(15):2348.
25. 崔冰, 姚孟英, 赵同才. 阿魏酸钠对早期糖尿病肾病血、尿内皮素水平的影响[J]. 中国煤炭工业医学杂志,2006,9(2):155.
26. 刘华, 刘圣君. 全威舒平降低早期糖尿病肾病尿微量白蛋白疗效观察[J]. 河北北方学院学报·医学版,2006,23(5):53.
27. 胡志娟, 李英, 何伟, 等. 阿魏酸钠对糖尿病大鼠肾组织中TGF-β1和Smad4表达的影响[J]. 临床肾脏病杂志,2006,6(1):7-10.
28. 廖璞, 王淑琴, 廖雪松, 等. 银杏叶提取物对糖尿病大鼠肾脏保护作用的实验研究[J]. 中国药房,2000,11(3):114-115.
29. 侯淑芬, 李英, 张海松,等.银杏黄酮苷对实验性糖尿病大鼠肾脏保护作用的研究[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2005,6(3):160-162.
30. 余江毅. 黄蜀葵花醇提物治疗糖尿病肾病的临床观察[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1995,15(5):263.
31. 贾忠辉, 刘志红, 郑敬民, 等. 大黄酸和辛伐他汀对db/db糖尿病小鼠脂代谢紊乱和肾脏保护作用的比较[J]. 肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志,2006,15(3):233-239.
32. 龚伟, 黎磊石, 孙骅, 等. 大黄酸对糖尿病大鼠转化生长因子β及其受体表达的影响[J]. 肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志,2006,15(2):101-111,143.
33. 杨明正, 张小如. 决明子对糖尿病大鼠肾组织NF-κB活化的影响[J]. 浙江中西医结合杂志,2006,16(3):149-150.
34. 李龙, 杨明正, 陈应强, 等. 决明子对实验性大鼠糖尿病肾病疗效观察[J]. 中国中西医结合杂志,2005,25(6):71-74.
35. 钟惠菊, 李剑欣. 葛根素对糖尿病肾病大鼠细胞间黏附分子-1基因表达的调控[J].中国医师杂志,2006,8(11):1480-1483.
36. 李强翔, 钟惠菊, 肖扬, 等. 葛根素对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾功能的保护作用[J]. 中国临床康复,2006,10(31):64-66.
37. 张雷, 陈立梅, 倪红霞, 等. 葛根素影响链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠脂肪细胞葡萄糖转运蛋白 4 的表达[J]. 中国临床康复,2006,10(39):135-138.
38. 赖亚辉, 马中春, 潘丽新. 仙人掌抗氧化作用的研究[J]. 中国老年学杂志, 2006, 26(9):1271-1272.
39. 刘浩, 崔美芝, 李春艳. 仙人掌粉对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用[J]. 中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2006,7(3):132-134.
40. 阎雅更, 李春艳, 崔美芝, 等. 仙人掌粉对糖尿病大鼠血糖的影响[J]. 哈尔滨医科大学学报,2003,37(1):23-24.
41. 王海颖, 陈以平. 牛蒡子提取物对糖尿病大鼠肾脏病变作用机制的实验研究[J]. 中成药,2004,26(9):745-749.
42. 王海颖, 陈以平. 牛蒡子及其提取物对大鼠肾皮质糖基化终产物的影响[J]. 上海中医药大学学报,2004,18(3):48-51.
43. 王海颖, 陈以平. 牛蒡子提取物可改善糖尿病肾损害[J]. 中医药学刊. 2004, 22(7):1250-1252.
44. 刘宝珠, 裴月湖. 刺五加药理作用研究进展[J]. 沈阳药科大学学报, 2002,19(2):143–145.
45. 王涛, 沈水娟, 胡作祥. 刺五加注射液治疗糖尿病肾病疗效观察[J]. 现代中西医结合杂志,2006,15(4):475-476.
46. 叶静, 郑云霞. 刺五加注射液治疗糖尿病肾病尿蛋白的体会[J]. 甘肃中医, 2006;19(9):44.
47. 陈玲, 贾汝汉, 丁国华, 等. 缬草油对2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏氧化应激和蛋白激酶C活性的影响[J]. 中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2003,4(4):192-195.
48. 李侠, 刘国安. 槲皮素与糖尿病肾病[J]. 兰州医学院学报, 2004, 30(1): 71-74.
49. 黄慧, 付静奕, 田浩明. 槲皮素和依那普利对糖尿病大鼠肾组织的PDGF-B和 VEGF-1含量的影响研究[J]. 生物医学工程学杂志,2005,22(4):791-794.
50. 刘楠梅, 袁伟杰, 张小瑛, 等.金雀异黄素对糖尿病大鼠糖脂代谢及肾脏的影响[J].中国糖尿病杂志,2006,14(1):64-66.
51. 刘艳波, 芦丽莉, 葛贺, 等. 糖基化终末产物对正常大鼠肾脏的有害作用及拟黑多刺蚁醇提物抑制糖基化作用实验研究[J].北华大学学报(自然科学版), 2006,7(3): 217-223.
52. 葛良鹏, 魏泓. 四种药物对丙二醛和晚期糖化终末产物抑制作用的比较[J]. 局解手术学杂志,2005,14(4):229-230.
53. Yokozaw. 绿茶多酚和食用纤维对糖尿病性肾病大鼠肾损伤的抑制作用[J]. 国外医药·植物药分册,2006,21(1):31.
54. 马仁强, 陈利国, 陈健文, 等. 黄丹益肾胶囊对糖尿病肾病大鼠的防治作用实验研究[J]. 中成药,2005,27(2):195-198.
55. 李桂娥, 卢满祥, 苏翠娴, 等. 通心络对糖尿病肾病血流变学和尿蛋白的影响[J]. 现代食品与药品杂志,2006,16(5):22-23.
56. 黄河清, 刘培庆, 黄文革, 等. 糖脉安泰对糖尿病肾病大鼠血脂及肾功能的影响[J].中成药,2005,27(1):62-64.
57. 孔祥明, 梁炜. 大黄糖肾胶囊对早期糖尿病肾病的临床疗效[J]. 现代医学,2002,30(6):363-365.
58. 魏连波, 栗德林, 叶任高, 等. 大黄蛰虫丸对非胰岛素依赖型Ⅳ期糖尿病肾病Ⅷ因子相关抗原及纤维蛋白原的影响[J]. 中成药,2002,24(5):357-359.
59. 魏群利, 陆晓和, 夏曙辉, 等. 消可宁对早期糖尿病肾病患者体内转化生长因子β1水平的调节[J]. 中国临床康复,2006,10(39):116-118.
60. 王立红, 刘玉宁, 郭立中. 肾康注射液对糖尿病肾病大鼠细胞外基质影响的实验研究[J]. 中国中医药科技,2005,12(2):77-78.
61. 刘玉宁, 郭立中, 叶传蕙. 肾康注射液防治糖尿病肾病肾小球硬化的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2001,2(9S):48.
62. 杜婧, 陈慧, 张毓芳, 等.肾康注射液对高糖培养系膜细胞肥大的影响.西北国防医学杂志,2005,26(6):440-442.
63. 林兰, 倪青, 刘喜明, 等. 糖微康对糖尿病大鼠肾脏结构和功能保护作用的机理研究[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2000,6(4):49-50.
64. 林兰, 倪青, 刘喜明, 等. 糖微康对糖尿病大鼠肾功能的保护作用药效学研究[J]. 中国中药杂志,2003,28(1):62-66.
65. 魏军平, 郭力, 林兰. 糖微康对糖尿病大鼠肾皮质TIMP-1表达的影响[J]. 中医药学刊,2003,21(11):1820-1821.
66. 邓悦, 李才, 赵贤俊, 等. 糖尿病大鼠肾脏PPARγmRNA表达及解毒通络保肾胶囊干预研究[J]. 中医药学刊,2006,24(9):1629-1631.
67. 闫凤杰, 邓悦, 李才, 等. 解毒通络保肾胶囊对糖尿病大鼠肾脏超微结构的影响[J].中国中医药科技,2006;13(2):80-82.
68. 邓悦, 李才, 赵贤俊, 等. 解毒通络保肾胶囊干预糖尿病大鼠肾脏病变的机制研究[J]. 中华现代中西医杂志,2005,3(20):1846-1849.
69. 赵贤俊, 李才, 南征, 等. 解毒通络保肾胶囊对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用[J]. 中国临床康复,2005,9(35):178-182.
70. 王耀献, 王立, 司银楚, 等. 止消通脉宁对实验性糖尿病大鼠尿白蛋白排泄率的影响[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2005,11(1):57-59.
71. 高彦彬, 唐代屹, 刘铜华, 等. 止消通脉宁对糖尿病大鼠肾组织晚期糖化终产物的影响[J]. 北京中医药大学学报,2002,25(1):19-21.
72. 高彦彬, 唐代屹, 吕仁和, 等. 止消通脉宁对糖尿病大鼠肾组织糖化终产物受体mRNA表达的调节[J]. 北京中医药大学学报,2001,24(4):16-19.
73. 王耀献, 周建华, 赵进喜, 等. 止消通脉宁对糖尿病大鼠肾小球细胞外基质成分的影响[J]. 北京中医药大学学报,2000,23(6):38-39.
74. 文秀英, 郑龙轶, 许明望, 等. 贞清方对2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏病变的防治作用及其机制[J]. 中国医院药学杂志,2006,26(12):1463-1467.
75. 文秀英, 郑龙轶, 孙立敏, 等. 贞清方对2型糖尿病肾病大鼠PAI-1和TXB2的影响[J]. 中华中医药杂志,2006,21(10):627-626.
76. 马建伟, 徐丽梅, 陈宝, 等. 健肾颗粒剂对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾功能及肾脏组织TGF-β1mRNA 的影响[J]. 中国中医药信息杂志,2004,11(2):125-127.
77. 郑士荣, 张景红, 朱宇清,等. 地灵丹对大鼠糖尿病肾病影响的实验研究[J]. 上海中医药杂志,2006,40(8):62-64.
78. 郑士荣, 朱宇清, 蔡淦, 等. 地灵丹对糖尿病肾病血管内皮及血小板功能的影响[J].上海中医药杂志,1996,10(8):26-28.
79. 李迎霞, 关东升. 中药复方糖肾康对实验性糖尿病大鼠肾组织中TGF—β1mRNA表达的影响[J]. 河南中医学院学报,2006,21(2):26-28.
80. 吕勇, 王亿平, 曹恩泽, 等. 糖肾康颗粒对糖尿病肾病肾损害实验指标影响的研究[J]. 新中医,2006,38(2):44-45.
81. 董晓蕾, 雷作熹, 徐俊, 等. 小四五颗粒对糖尿病肾病(DN)大鼠一氧化氮(NO)血脂变化的实验研究[J]. 中国血液流变学杂志,2004,14(3):299-300.
82. 雷作熹, 罗仁, 赵晓山, 等.小四五颗粒对糖尿病大鼠肾脏肾素-血管紧张素系统的影响[J]. 广州中医药大学学报,2005,22(5):389-392.
83. 柴可夫, 柴瑞, 王亚丽, 等. 糖肾汤对高糖下肾小球系膜细胞TGF-β1表达影响的实验研究[J]. 中国中医药科技,2005,12(4):211-213.
84. 柴可夫, 柴瑞, 王亚丽. 糖肾汤对大鼠肾小球系膜细胞增殖的影响[J]. 中国临床康复,2005,9(39):184-185.
85. 周雪梅, 陈雪功, 张琼玉. 冬梅饮对早期糖尿病肾病大鼠红细胞醛糖还原酶影响的实验研究[J]. 中医研究,2006,19(3):20-22.
86. 陈雪功, 周雪梅, 张琼玉, 等. 冬梅饮对早期糖尿病肾病大鼠肾组织非酶糖基化终产物影响的实验研究[J]. 中国中医基础医学杂志,2006,12(11):829-830.
87. 赵玲, 刘英鹰, 闵晓莉, 等. 糖毒清对糖尿病肾功能不全大鼠肾脏病理变化的影响[J]. 中医药学刊,2006,24(11):2048-2049.
88. 赵玲, 黄春林, 卢富华. 糖毒清对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾组织TGF-β1mRNA 及PAI-1表达的影响[J]. 广东医学,2006,27(2):188-189.
89. 张兰, 朱志强, 牛西武, 等. 中药复方对糖尿病大鼠血浆内皮素、血清一氧化氮的影响[J]. 中国中医药信息杂志,2006,13(10):30-31.
90. 姚祈, 张兰. 中药复方对糖尿病大鼠肾脏TGF-β1mRNA表达的影响[J]. 辽宁中医杂志,2006,33(5):631-631.
1. Jacobson S H, Egberg N, Hylander B, et al. Correlation between soluble markers ofendothelial dysfunction in patients with renal failure[J]. Am J Nephrol, 2002, 22 (1):42-47.
2. 温绍君, 刘洁琳.血管内皮细胞功能研究概况[J]. 生殖医学杂志,2005, 14(5):310-313.
3. 戴瑞鸿, 李勇, 范维琉, 等. 保护内皮细胞功能在防治心血管疾病中的重要作用[J].国际心血管杂志,2000,2(4):328-332.
4. PasykKA,JakobczakBA.Vascularendothelium:recentadvances[J].EurJDermatol,2004,14(4):209-213.
5. Galley HF, Webster NR. Physiology of the endothelium[J]. Br J Anaesth, 2004, 93 (1):105-113.
6. Basile DP, Donohoe D, Roethe K, et al. Renal ischemic injury resultsin pemanentdamage to peritubular capillary and influences long term function. Am J Physiol, 2001,281:F887-F899.
7. KriskergJI,KamovskyMJ.Glomerularcellsinculture[J].KidneyInt,1983,23:493-513.
8. OngACM,FineLG.Lossofglomerularfunctionandtubulointerstitialfibrosis:Causeoreffect[J]?KidneyInt,1994,45:345-351.
9. HaH,LeeHB.Oxidativestressindiabeticnephropathybasicandclinicalinformation[J].CurrDiabRep,2001,1(3):282-287.
10. 杨亦彬, 陈忠霞, 徐昆. 糖尿病血管内皮损害标志物的检测及其与尿白蛋白的关系[J]. 医师进修杂志,2005,28(5):21-23.
11. Koc M, Bihorac A, Segal M S. Circulating endothelial cells as potential markers of thestate of the endothelium in hemodialysis patients [J] . Am J Kidney Dis, 2003, 42 (4):704-712.
12. Kaiser N, Sasson S, Feener EP, et al. Diferential regulation of glucose transport andtransporters by glucose in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells[J]. Diabetes,1993:42(1):80-89.
13. Giardino1,EdelsteinD,BrownleeM.Nonenzymaticglycosylationinvitroandinbovineendothelial cells alters basic fibroblast growth factor activity. A model for intracellularglycosylationindiabetes[J].JClinInvest,1994,94(1):110-117.
14. Kado S, Wa Katsu Kit, Yamamoto M, et al. Expression of intercellular adhesionmolecule-1inducedbyhigh glucoseconcentrations inhumanaorticendot helial cells[J].LifeSci,2001,68(7):727-737.
15. Lee LK, Meyer TW, Pollock AS, et al. Endothelial cell injury initiates glomerularsclerosisintheratremnantkidney[J].JClinInvest,1995,96(2):953-964.
16. 刘红燕, 林碧, 余劲明. 胰岛素抵抗与糖尿病肾病的关系[J]. 广西医学, 2005, 27(12):1920-1922.
17. AljadaA,DandonaP.Effectofinsulinonhumanaorticendothelialnitricoxidesynthase[J].Metabolism,2000,49(2):147-150.
18. Pinkney JH, Stehouwer CD, Coppack SW, et al. Endothelial dysfunction : cause of theinsulinresistancesyndrome[J].Diabetes,1997,46(Suppl2):S9-S13.
19. McGarry JD. Banting lecture 2001: dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism in theetiologyoftype2diabetes[J].Diabetes,2002,51(1):7-18.
20. 华军益, 胥昀, 何煜舟. 高浓度葡萄糖和低密度脂蛋白对血管内皮细胞的协同损伤及 NO 释放的影响[J]. 浙江临床医学,2005,7(11):1126-1127.
21. 刘景生主编. 细胞信息与调控[M]. 北京:北京医科大学中国协和医科大学,1998:57.
22. St rutz F, Zeisberg M, Renziehausen A, et al. TGF-β1 induces proliferation in humanrental fibroblasts via induction of basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) [J]. Kidney Int,2001,59(2):579-592.
23. Schena FP, Gesualdo L. Pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy[J].J AM SocNephrol.2005,16(Suppl1):S30-3.
24. Wolf G, Chen S, Ziyadeh FN. From the periphery of glumerular capillary wall towardthecenterofdisease:podocyteinjurycomesofageindiabeticnephropathy[J].Diabetes,2005,54(6):1626-34.
25. Mori T, Shimizu A, Masuda Y, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor-stimulating endothelialcell growth and accele-rating glomerular capillary repair in experimental progressiveglomerulonephritis[J].NephronExpNephrol,2003,94(2):e44-e54.
26. Mizuno S, Nakamura T. Suppressions of chronic glomerular injuries and TGF-beta1production by HGF in attenuation of murine diabetic nephropathy[J]. Am J PhysiolRenalPhysiol,2004,286(1):F134-F143.
27. Dai C, Li Y, Yang J, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor preserves beta cell mass andmitigates hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice[J]. J Biol Chem, 2003,278(29):27080-27087.
28. Josep M. Cruzado, Nuria Lloberas. Regression of advanced dabetic nephropathy byhepatocytegrowthfactorgenetherapyinrats[J].Diabetes,2004,53(4):1119-1127.
29. 林昶, 李郑芳, 于南南, 等. 2 型糖尿病患者糖尿病肾病与血脂异常的关系[J]. 实用糖尿病杂志,2004,12(2):12-13.
30. Junwei Yang, Chunsun Dai, Youhua Liu. A novel mechanism by which hepatocytegrowth factor blocks tubular epithelial to mesenchy-mal ransition[J].Am Soc Nephrol,2005,16(1):68-78.
31. 何伟, 李英. 降钙素基因相关肽和内皮素与糖尿病肾病的关系[J]. 中华糖尿病杂志,2005,13(1):74-76.
32. 王绪栋, 张平, 张承芳. 一氧化氮与糖尿病[J]. 社区医学杂志,2006,4(6):45-46.
33. 王国宏, 袁申元, 边延涛. 糖尿病大鼠心肌血管紧张素II和一氧化氮的动态变化[J].微循环学杂志,2001,11(2):3-6.
34. 徐一甄, 方京冲, 沈稚舟, 等. 一氧化氮与糖尿病大鼠心脏病变的关系[J]. 复旦学报·医学科学版,2001,28(5):441-442.
35. Chan NN, Vallance P, Colhoun HM. Nitric oxide and vascular responses in TypeIdiabetes[J].Diabetologia,2000,43(2):137-147.
36. 曹剑, 李小鹰. 血管内皮功能研究现状[J].中华老年心脑血管病杂志, 2002, 4(3):206.
37. AielloosS,RemuzziG,NorrisM.Nitricoxide/endothelinbalanceafternephronreduction[J].KidneyIntSuppl,1998,65:S63-S67.
38. Ferrara N. Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in the regulation of angiogenesis[J].KidneyInt,1999,56:794-814.
39. Bortolos E,Del PD, Gambaro G, et al. Vascular endot helial growth factor (VEGF) andVEGFrecePtorindiabeticnephropathy: expressionstudies biopsies type 2diabeticpati-ents[J].RenFail,2001,23(3-4):483.
40. Guo N, Krutzsch HC, Inman JK, et al. Thrombospondin-1 and type 1 repeat peptides ofthrombospondin-1 specificially induce apoptosis of endothelial cells [J]. Cancerres,1997,57:1735-1742.
41. Hodgkinson AD, Millwand BA, Demaine AG. Polymorphism of the glucose transporter(GLUT1) gene are associated with diabetic nephropathy[J]. KineyInt, 2001, 59(3):985.
42. Sridulyakul P, Chakraphan D,Patumraj S .Vitamin C supplementation could reversediabetes-induced endothelial cell dysfunction in mesenteric icrocirculation in STZ-rats[J].ClinHemorheolMicrocirc,2006,34(1-2):315-321.
43. Horning B, Arakawa N, Kohler C, et al. Vitamin C improves endothelial function ofconduit arteries in patients with chronic heart failure [J]. Circulation, 1998, 97(4):363-368.
44. Bocchi EF, Vilella de Morales AV, Esterves-Filho A, et al. L-arginine reduces heart rateand improves hemodynamics in severe heart failure[J]. Clin Cardiol, 2000, 23(3):205-210.
45. CoyleCH,KaderKN.MechanismsofH2O2-inducedoxidativestressinendothelialcellsexposedtophysiologicshearstress[J].ASAIOJ,2007,53(1):17-22.
46. 金茹, 张益前, 张华, 等. 苯那普利对糖尿病肾病患者肾脏保护作用的机制[J]. 中国临床药学杂志,2005,14(3):175-177.
47. Slaninka-MiceskaM,BogdanskaJ,KornetiP,etal.EffectofangiotensinIItype1(AT1)receptor antagonist on the endothelial dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats incorrelationwiththenitricoxidesystem[J].BratislLekListy,2003,104(11):342-346.
48. 尹青桥, 夏瑗瑜, 李相友. 缬沙坦对糖尿病肾病患者血管内皮功能的影响[J]. 中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2006,7(5):287-288.
49. 龚广厚, 张怀忠, 王曙光, 等. 阿托伐他汀对糖尿病肾病高脂蛋白(a)血症、血管内皮功能的影响[J]. 江苏药学与临床研究,2006,14(1):44-45.
50. 何伟, 李英, 胡志娟, 等. 内皮素受体拮抗剂益米乐对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用[J]. 疑难病杂志,2005,4(1):4-6.
51. 姚伟峰, 黄雌友. 胰激肽释放酶治疗2型糖尿病早期肾病的疗效[J]. 江苏医药,2006,32(1):71-72.
52. 孙立娟, 刘锐, 卢丹. 脂微球前列腺素E1对糖尿病肾病内皮细胞功能、纤溶活性及尿蛋白的影响[J]. 中国老年学杂志,2006,26(8):1037-1038.
53. Ergul A, Johansen JS, Stromhaug C, et al. Vascular dysfunction of Venous bypassconduits is mediated by reactive oxygen species in diabetes: role of endothelin-1[J].PhannacolExpTiler,2005,313:70-7.
54. 宋恩峰, 贾汝汉, 欧敏, 等.2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏血管内皮生长因子的表达和黄芪的调节作用[J]. 北京中医药大学学报,2004,27(4):57-60.
55. 俞浩, 沈业寿, 刘海鹏. 丹皮多糖-2b对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏保护作用及机制的研究[J]. 中国中医药科技,2006,13(3):177-178.
56. 吕勇, 王亿平, 曹恩泽, 等. 糖肾康颗粒对糖尿病肾病肾损害实验指标影响的研究[J]. 新中医,2006,38(2):44-45.
57. 李占林, 高永荣, 王惠锋, 等. 四黄汤对早期糖尿病肾病大鼠功能的影响[J]. 时珍国医国药 2006,17(4):571-572.
58. 姚勇利, 白秀玲. 参芪扶正注射液对糖尿病肾病早期的影响[J]. 青海医药杂志,2006,36(5):12-14.
1. Van Zwieten PA, Kam KL, Pijl AJ, et al. Hypertensive diabetic rats in pharmacologicalstudies[J].Pharmacol,1996,33(2):95-105.
2. Schafer S, Linz W, Bube A, et al. Vasopeptidase inhibition prevents nephropathy inZuckerdiabeticfattyrats[J].CardiovascRes,2003,60(2):447-454.
3. Janssen U, Phillips AO, Floege J. Rodent models of nephropathy associated with type Ⅱdiabetes[J].JNephrol,1999,12(3):159-172.
4. Gartner K. Glomerular hyperfiltration during the onset of diabetes mellitus in two strainsofdiabeticmice(C57BL/6jdb/dbandC57BL/ksjdb/db)[J].Diabetologia,1978,15(1):59.
5. Kobayashi K, Forte TM, Taniguchi S, et al. The db/db mouse, a model for diabeticdyslipidemia:molecular characterization and effects of Western diet feeding[J]. Metab-olism,2000,49(1):22-31.
6. Makino H, Miyamoto Y, Sawai K, et al.Altered gene expression related to glomenlo-genesis and podocyte structure in early diabetic nephropathy of db/db mice and itsrestorationbypioglitazone[J].Diabetes,2006,55:2747-2756.
7. Allen TJ, Cooper ME, Lan HY. Use of Genetic Mouse Models in the Study of DiabeticNephropathy[J].CurrDiabRep,2004,4(6):435-440.
8. Maeda M, Yabuki A, Suzuki S, et al. Renal lesions in spontaneous insulin-dependentdiabetes mellitus in the nonobese diabetic mouse:acute phase of diabetes[J].Vet Pathol,2003,40(2):187-195.
9. KavaRA,West DB, LukasikVA,et al.Sexual dimorphism ofhyperglycemiaandglucosetoleranceinWistarfattyrats[J].Diabetes,1989,38(2):159.
10.Lam-Tse WK, Lernmark A, Drexhage HA. Animal models of endocrine/organ-specificautoimmune diseases: do they really help us to understand human autoimmunity[J]?SpringerSeminImmunopathol,2002,24(3):297.
11.陈丽萌, 李学旺, 黄利伟, 等.2型糖尿病小鼠(KKAy)动物模型的鉴定和早期肾脏病理改变. 中国医学科学院学报[J],2002,24(1):71-75.
12.陈丽萌, 李学旺, 黄利伟, 等. 2型糖尿病KKAy模型小鼠肾脏中TGF-β及其受体和细胞外基质蛋白表达的关系[J]. 基础医学与临床,2004,24(4):422-427.
13.Pavan MV, Ghin B, Castro M, et al. Prevention of hypertension attenuates albuminuriaand renal expression of fibronectin in diabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats [J]. Am JNephrol,2003,23(6):422-428.
14.GrossML,RitzE,SchoofA,etal.ComparisonofrenalmorphologyinthestreptozotocinandtheSHR/N-cpmodelsofdiabetes[J].LabInvest,2004,84:452-464.
15.Ruggenenti P, Remuzzi G . The diagnosis of renal involvement in non- insulin-depend-entdiabetesmellitus[J].CurrOpinNephrolHypertens,1997,6(2):141.
16.Melez KA , Harrison LC ,Gilliam JN,et al .Diabetes is associated with autoimmunity intheNewZealandobese(NZO)mouse[J].Diabetes,1980,29(10):835.
17.Anunciado RV, Imamura T, et al. Developing a new model for non-insulin dependentdiab- etes mellitus(NIDDM)by using the Philippine wild mouse,Mus musculus castaneus[J].ExpAnim,2000,49(1):1.
18.RazI,WexlerI,WeissO,etal.RoleofinsulinandtheIGFsysteminrenalhypertr-ophyin diabetic Psammomys obesus ( sand rat) [J]. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2003, 18(7):1293-1298.
19.Chearskul S, Charoenlarp K, Thongtang V, et al. Studyof plasma hormones and lipids inhealthyelderlyThais compared to patients with chronic diseases:diabetes mellitus, essen-tialhypertensionandcoronaryheartdisease[J].JMedAssocThai,2000,83(3):266.
20.Yokozawa T, Nakagawa T, Wakaki K, et al. Animal model of diabetic nephropathy[J].ExpToxicolPathol,2001,53(5):359.
21.Osterby R, Gundersen HJ. Glomerular size and structure in diabetes mellitus.Ⅰ. Earlyabnormalities[J].Diabetologia,1975,11(3):225-229.
22.Raptis AE, Viberti G,Pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy[J]. Exp Clin EndocrinolDiabetes,2001,109(suppl2):S424.
23.Gundersen HJ, Osterby R.Glomerular size and structure in diabetes mellitus.Ⅱ.Lateabnormalities[J].Diabetologia,1977,13(1):43-48.
24.Marcelo A N, Stewart F, Richard JR, et al. Initial characterization of a rat model ofdiabeticnephropathy[J].Diabetes,2004,53(3):735-742.
25.KellyDJ,Wilkinson-BerkaJL,AllenTJ,etal.Anewmodelofdiabeticnephropathywithprogressive renal impairment in the transgenic (mRen-2) 27 rat (TGR)[J]. Kidney Int,1998,54:343-352.
26.Yamamoto Y, Kato I, Doi T,et al. Development and prevention of advanced diabeticnephropathyinRAGE-overexpressingmice[J].JClinInvest,2001,108:261-268.
27.Wogensen L, Nielsen CB, Hjorth P, et al. Under control of the Ren-1c promoter, locallyproduced transforming growth factor-beta1 induces accumulation of glomerularextracellularmatrixintransgenicmice[J].Diabetes,1999,48(1):182-192.
28.Trachtman H,Futterweit S, Pine E,et al. Chronic diabetic nephropathy: role of induciblenitricoxidesynthase[J].PediatrNephrol,2002,17(1):20-29.
29.Ng DP, Hardy CL, Burns WC, et al. Prevention of diabetes-induced albuminuria intransgenicratsoverexpressinghumanaldosereductase[J].Endocrine,2002,18(1):47-56.
30.Pugliese G, Pricci F, acobini C, et al.Accelerated diabetic glomerulopathy in galectin-3/AGEreceptor3knockoutmice[J].FASEB,2001,15:2471-2479.
31.吴永贵, 林善锬, 周江华, 等. 苯那普利对糖尿病大鼠肾小管-间质损伤的保护作用及机制[J]. 中华内分泌代谢杂志,2003,19(5):406-407.
32.郭啸华, 刘志红, 李恒, 等. 高糖高脂饮食诱导的 2 型糖尿病大鼠模型及其肾病特点[J]. 中国糖尿病杂志,2002,10(5):290-294.
33.Forbes JM, Cooper ME, Thallas V, et al. Reduction of the accumulation of advancedglycationendproductsbyACEinhibitioninexperimentaldiabeticnephropathy[J].Diab-etes,2002,51(11):3274-3282.
34.Mumtaz FH,Dashwood MR,KhanMA,et al.Down-regulationofnitricoxidesynthaseinthe diabetic rabbit kidney:potential relevance to the early pathogenesis of diabetic neph-ropathy[J].CurrMedResOpin,2004,20(1):1-6.
35.Junod A, Lambert AE, Orci L, et al. Studies of the diabetogenicaction of streptozotocin[J].ProcSocExpBiolMed,1967,126:201.
36.Wei P, Lane PH, Lane JT, et al. Glomerular structural and functional changes in a high-fat diet mouse model of early-stage type 2 diabetes[J] . Diabetologia, 2004, 47 (9):1541 -1549.
37.Like AA, Rossini AA. Streptozotocin-induced pancreatic insulitis: new model of diabeticmellitus[J].Science,1976,193(4251):415-417.
38.Rabinovitch A, Suarez-pinzon WL Cytokines and their roles in pancreatic islet beta-celldestruction and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus Biochem[J]. Pharmacol, 1998, 55:1139-49.
39.张芳林, 李果, 刘优萍, 等. 2 型糖尿病大鼠模型的建立及其糖代谢特征分析[J]. 中国实验动物学报,2002,10(1):16-20.
40.杨亦彬, 张翥, 苏克亮, 等. 链脲佐菌素诱导大鼠糖尿病肾病模型的方法学探讨[J].华西医学,2005,20(2):299-300.
41.高鑫, 左静南, 侯积寿, 等. 实验性糖尿病大鼠早期肾脏结构和功能改变[J]. 中华肾脏病杂志,1989,5:71-75.
42.陈澍, 刘雪芳. 链脲佐菌素诱导大鼠糖尿病肾病模型的建立[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2006,22(11):1239-1240.
43.梁海荣, 唐焕文, 罗皓链, 等. 链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠肾病模型的建立[J]. 应用预防医学,2006,12(3):133-135.
44.Anderson S, kennke HG, Garcia DL, et al. Short and long term effects of Antihyper-tensivetherapyinthediabeticrat[J].KidneyInt,1989,36(4):526-363.
45.张亚非.Ⅱ型糖尿病实验模型[J]. 国外医学卫生学分册,2000,27(6):328-335.
46.郭啸华, 刘志红, 李恒, 等.高糖高脂饮食诱导的 2 型糖尿病大鼠模型及其肾病特点[J]. 中国糖尿病杂志,2002,10(5):290-294.
47.刘宽芝, 焦秀敏, 李静波, 等. 葛根素和缬沙坦对 2 型糖尿病大鼠肾脏保护作用的对比研究[J]. 中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2004,5(2):75-77.
48.李华, 贾汝汉, 邱昌建. 环加氧酶2在2型糖尿病大鼠肾病中的表达及意义[J].实用医学杂志,2004,20(4)368-370.
49.陈玲, 贾汝汉, 丁国华, 等. 作用及其机制探讨[J]. 中华肾脏病杂志,2003,19(3):168-172.
50.杨秀伟, 王多佳. 四氧嘧啶与自由基反应[J]. 国外医学内分泌分册,1994,14(3):144.
51.刘洪艳, 周建平.KM、ICR、NIH三品系小鼠四氧嘧啶法致糖尿病动物模型的比较[J].实验动物科学与管理,2002,19(3):12-13.
52.朱昆, 潘洪涛, 罗萍, 等. 四氧嘧啶诱发兔糖尿病模型的胰岛素管理及糖尿病肾病模型建立[J]. 吉林医学,2006,27(9):1010-1011.
53.黄松. 糖尿病动物模型研究现状及进展[J]. 广西医学,2002,24(1):46-48.
54.赵进喜, 孙军, 李伯光, 等. 糖尿病肾病病理学模型及中药止消通脉宁作用机制研究[M].《DM 及其并发症的中医药研究进展》第一版. 北京:中国中医药出版社,1996:62-65.
55.王谦, 龚慕辛, 赵辉, 等. 消渴颗粒剂对糖尿病肾病大鼠血糖、血脂含量的影响[J].中国病理生理杂志,2003,19(5):664-667.
56.SteffesMW,BrownDM, MauerSW.Diabeticglomerulopathyfollowingunilateralnephr-ectomyintherat[J].Diabetes,1978,27(1):35-41.
57.Aoyama I, Shimokata K, Niwa T. An oral absorbent downregulates renal expression ofgenes that promoteinterstitial inflammationandfibrosis indiabeticrats[J].Nephro,2002,92:635-651.
58.Arderson S, Kennke HG, Brenner BM. Nifedipine veresus fosino-pril in urinephrectomi-zeddiabeticrats[J].KidneyInt,1992,41:891-897.
59.宋恩峰, 贾汝汉, 欧敏, 等. 2 型糖尿病大鼠肾脏血管内皮生长因子的表达和黄芪的调节作用[J]. 北京中医药大学学报,2004,27(4):57-60.
60.王新, 唐方. 单侧肾脏结扎术+链脉佐菌素诱导糖尿病肾病动物模型建立方法的探讨[J]. 天津医科大学学报,2006,12(1):18-20.
61.查冬青, 吴小燕, 徐联芳, 等. 两种 2 型糖尿病肾病动物模型的比较[J]. 武汉大学学报(医学版),2006,27(2):253-255.
62.邢淑丽, 郑君芙, 黄文政. 单侧肾切除STZ诱导糖尿病肾病大鼠动物模型研究[J]. 中国中医急症,2006,15(6):643-645.
1. 王焘. 外台秘要方[M]. 北京:人民卫生出版社,1958,303.
2. 赵进喜, 邓德强, 李靖. 糖尿病肾病相关中医病名考辨[J]. 南京中医药大学学报,2005,21(5):288-289.
3. 吕仁和. 糖尿病及其并发症中西医诊治学[M]. 北京:人民卫生出版社, 1977: 128-130,328.
4. 吕仁和, 赵进喜, 王世东. 糖尿病及其并发症的临床研究[J]. 新中医,2001,33(3):3-5.
5. 赵进喜. 糖尿病及其并发症中医药防治现状与前景展望[J]. 中华中医药杂志, 2003,2:1-5.
6. Schrijvers B F, Flyvbjerg A, AN S. DE Vriese. The role of vascular endothelial gowthfactor(VEGF)inrenalpathophysiology[J].KidneyInt,2004,65:2003-2017.
7. 赵进喜主编. 内分泌代谢病中西医诊治[M]. 第1版. 沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社, 2004,198-214.
8. 赵进喜, 牟新, 王世东, 等. 止消通脉宁颗粒治疗糖尿病肾病肾功能不全代偿期33例疗效观察[J]. 河南中医,2004,24(8):20-22.
9. 牟新, 姜淼, 宋美铃. 赵进喜教授治疗糖尿病肾病经验介绍[J]. 新中医, 2005, 37(11):15-16.
10.赵进喜.《伤寒论》“六经钤百病”探识[J]. 中医药学刊,2005,23(2):210-211,226.
11.赵进喜. 糖尿病及其并发症与辨体质、辨病、辨证“三位一体”辨证模式[J]. 河北中医,2004,26(10):785-786.
12.王本祥. 现代中药药理学[M]. 天津:天津科学技术出版社,1997,1175-8.
13.李英, 吴文清, 张益民, 等. 野黄芪甙对糖尿病大鼠肾脏蛋白激酶C毒性作用的研究[J]. 中华肾脏病杂志,2000,16:89-91.
14.程晖, 贾汝汉, 刘红燕. 黄芪对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用[J]. 中国医师杂志, 2006,10(8):1349-1351.
15.邱若旗, 王桂玲. 黄芪注射液对糖尿病肾病患者尿白蛋白及TGF-β1的影响[J]. 中国老年学杂志,2006,26(9):1286-1287.
16.鲍翠玉, 郑敏, 赵骥. 黄芪对大运动量训练大鼠内皮功能及心肌超微结构的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2006,25(1):87-89.
17.夏卫军, 程海波, 张莉. 鬼箭羽治疗2型糖尿病实验研究[J]. 陕西中医, 2001, 22(8):505.
18.郎素梅, 朱丹妮, 余伯阳, 等. 中药鬼箭羽降糖有效部位的药效学和化学研究[J]. 中国药科大学学报,2003,34(2):128.
19.杨海燕, 王秋娟, 朱丹妮, 等. 中药鬼箭羽提取物对脂肪细胞葡萄糖摄取作用的影响[J]. 中国天然药物,2004,2(6):365-368.
20.尚文斌, 程海波, 唐含艳. 鬼箭羽对糖尿病小鼠血糖及全血粘度的影响[J]. 南京中医药大学学报(自然科学版),2000,16(3):166.
21.尹贵宇, 杨金平. 鬼箭羽药理学研究浅谈[J]. 黑龙江医药,2006,19(4):300-301.
22.黄德斌. 鬼见羽70%醇提取物对速发型和迟发型变态反应抑制作用的实验研究[J].中国药理学通报,2003,19(6):686-688.
23.黄德斌, 余昭芬. 鬼见羽主要提取物的抗氧化作用[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2006, 22(6):720-721.
24.谷树珍. 鬼箭羽醇提物的抑菌、抗炎作用研究[J]. 湖北民族学院学报·医学版, 2006,23(1):17-19.
1 Adlers. Structure-function relationships in diabetic nephropathy: lesions and limitation[J].KidneyInt,1997,52(1):42-45.
2 Hostetter TH. Hyperfiltration in remnant nephrons: a potentially adverse response torenalablation[J].AmJPhysiol,1981,241:F85-F91.
3 SteffesMW,BrownDM,MauerSW.Diabeticglomerulopathyfollowingunilateralnephrectomyintherat[J].Diabetes,1978,27(1):35-41.
4 Aoyama I, Shimokata K, Niwa T. An oral absorbent downregulates renal expression ofgenes that promote interstitial inflammation and fibrosis in diabetic rats[J]. Nephro,2002,92:635-651.
5 ArdersonS,KennkeHG,BrennerBM.Nifedipineveresusfosino-prilinUrinephrectomi-zeddiabeticrats[J].KidneyInt,1992,41:891-897.
6 Gosgnach W, Challah M, Coulet F, et al. Shear stress induces angio tensin convertingenzyme expression in cultured smooth musclecells: possibleinvolvement of bFGF[J].CardiovascRes,2000,45(2):486-492.
7 Schena FP, Gesualdo L. Pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy[J]. J Am SocNephrol,2005,Suppl1:S30-33.
8 Sakurai K, Cominacini L, Garbin U, et al. Induction of Endothelin-1 Production inEndothelial Cells Via Co-Operative Action Beween CD40 and Lectin-like OxidizedLDLReceptor(LOX-1)[J].JCardiovascPharmacol,2004,44:S173-S180.
9 邢淑丽, 郑君芙, 黄文政. 单侧肾切除 STZ 诱导糖尿病肾病大鼠动物模型研究[J].中国中医急症,2006,15(6):643-645.
10 Mogensen CE,Microalbuminuria as a predictor of clinical diabetic nephropathy[J].KidneyInt.1987,31:67-75.
11 耿宝琴. 血管紧张素Ⅱ1 型受体拮抗剂-氯沙坦的研究进展[J]. 浙江实用医学, 2006,11(1):1-5.
12 WhiteM, Racine N, Ducharm A, et al. Therapeutic potential of angiotensin Ⅱ receptorantagonists[J].ExpertOpinInvestigDrugs,2001,10(9):1687-1701.
13 Dick de Zeeuw, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Hans-Henrik Parving, Proteinuria, a target for reno-protection in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy ,Lessons from RENAAL[J].KidneyInternational,2004,65(6):1-5.
14 Rossing K, Christensen PK, Andersen S, et al. Comparative effects of Irbesartan onambulatoryandoffice bloodpressure: a substudyof ambulatoryblood pressurefrom theIrbesartan in Patientswith Type 2 Diabetes and Microalbuminuria study[J]. DiabetesCare,2003,26(3):569-574.
15 倪连松, 郑景晨, 汪大望, 等. 氦沙坦对糖尿病大鼠肾皮质血管紧张素Ⅱ2 型受体及诱生型一氧化氮合酶基因表达的影响[J]. 中国药理学与毒理学杂志, 2006, 20(4):334-338.
16 Viberti G, Wheeldon NM. Microalbuminuria reduction with valsartan in patients withtype 2 diabetes mellitus a blood pressure-independent effect[J]. Circulation, 2002, 106:672-678.
17 Parving HH, Lehnert H, Brochner-Mortensen J, et al. The effect of irbesartan on thedevelopment of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes[J]. N Engl J Med,2001,345:870-878.
18 SATOHM,FUJ IMOTOS,HARUNAY,etal.NAD(P)Hoxidaseanduncouplednitric oxidesynthase are major sources of glomerular superoxide in rats with experi-mentaldiabeticnephropathy[J].AmJPhysiolRenalPhysiol,2005,288(6):F1144-1152.
19 LEEHEYDJ,ISREBMA,MARCICS,etal.Effectofhighglucoseonsuperoxideinhumanmesangialcells:roleofangiotensin Ⅱ [J].NephronExpNephrol,2005,100(1):46-53.
20 Scheen AJ. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus through inhibition of the ReninAngiotensinsystem[J].Drugs,2004,64(22):2537-2565.
21 BoffaJJ,LuY,PlacierS,etal.Regressionofrenalvascularandglomerularfibrosis:roleof angiotensin Ⅱ receptor antagonism and matrixmetallop roteinases[J]. J Am SocNephrol,2003,14(5):1132-1144.
22 吴甘霖, 贾汝汉, 杨定平, 等. 厄贝沙坦对糖尿病鼠造影剂肾损害氧化应激和iNOS的影响[J]. 武汉大学学报·医学版,2006,27(3):354-357, 插 1.
23 DzauVJ,BernsteinK,CelermajerD,etal.Therelevanceoftissueangiotensinconver-tingenzyme:manifestationsinmechanisticandendpointdata[J].AmJCardiol,2001,88(Suppl):1L-20L.
24 DzauVJ.Tissueangiotensinandpathobiologyofvasculardisease:aunifyinghypothesis[J].Hypertension,2001,37:1047-1052.
25 李懿萍, 汪颖南, 邓 红, 等. 氯沙坦对高糖状态下内皮细胞的保护作用及其机制探讨[J]. 浙江大学学报·医学版,2006,35(3):238-244.
26 SicaDA.Combinationangiotensin-convertingenzymeinhibitorandangiotensinreceptorblockertherapy:itsroleinclinicalpractice[J].JClinHypertens,2003;5:414-20.
27 AdersenS,TamowL,CambienF,etal.RenoprotectiveeffectsofLosartanindiabeticnephropathy;nteractionwithACEinsertion/deletiongenotype[J].KidneyInt,2002,62(1):192-198.
28 朱禧星. 现代糖尿病学[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2000:301.
29 The DCCT Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on thedevelopment and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetesmellitus[J].NEnglJMed,1993,329:683-689.
30 UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphony-lureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications inpatientswithtype2diabetes[J].Lancet,1998,352:837-853.
31 Acks DB, Bruns DE, Goldstein DE, et al. Guidelines and recommendations forlaboratory analysis in the diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus.Clin Chem,2002,48:438.
32 PedersenO,GaedeP.Intensifiedmultifactorialinterventionandcardiovascularoutcomeintype2diabetes:thesteno-2study[J].Metabolism,2003,52:19-23.
33 张 梅, 刘 超. 血糖控制对防治糖尿病及其并发症的临床研究[J]. 循证医学,2006,6(3):170-174.
34 向红丁. 糖尿病肾病的预防措施[J]. 临床内科杂志,2005,22(3):147-149.
35 王爱民.2型糖尿病肾病危险因素分析[J]. 中国现代医学杂志,2005,15(1):116-119.
36 Glass C K, Witztum J L. Atherosclerosis. The road ahead [J]. Cell, 2001, 104(4):503-
516.
37 李 青, 龚细礼, 刘育进. 血脂变化与2型糖尿病肾病的关系[J]. 医学临床研究,2006,23(2):184-187.
38 Endo K, Miyashita Y, Sasaki H, et al. Probucol delays progression of diabeticnephropathy[J].DiabetesResClinPract.2005:8.
39 Hagiwara S, Makita Y, Gu L, et al, Eicosapentaenoic acid ameliorates diabeticnephropathyoftype2diabeticKKAy/Tamice:InvolvementofMCP-1suppressionanddecreasedERK1/2andp38phosphorylation[J].NephrolDialTransplant,2005:10.
40 Yu HY, Inoguchi T, Nakayama M, et al. Statin attenuates high glucose-induced andangiotensin Ⅱ-induced MAP kinase activity through inhibition of NAD(P)Hoxidaseactivityinculturedmesangialcells[J].MedChem,2005,1(5):461-466.
41 蒋国彦. 实用糖尿病学[M]. 北京:人民卫生出版社,1992.256-257.
42 卢志顺, 余晓, 唐俊利, 等. 胆固醇对血管内皮细胞的损伤[J]. 第三军医大学学报.2006,28(16):1679-1683.
43 Hung C C , Jinn YG, Shyi JS, et al. Insulin and heparin suppress super-oxide productionin diabetic rat glomeruli stimulated with low-density lipoprotein[J]. Kidney Int, 2001,59(suppl):124.
44 ThaoHL,ThomasGN,LeungW.Anupdateonthemanagementofnephropathyintype2diabetes[J].ChinMedAssoc,2003,66(11):627-636.
45 MogensenCE,SchmitzO.Thediabetickidney:fromhyperfiltrationandmicroalbuminu-riatoend-stagerenalfailure[J].MedClinNorthAm,1988,72(6):1465-92.
46 Caramori ML, Fioretto P, Mauer M, et al. Enhancing the predictive value of urinaryalbuminfordiabeticnephropathy[J].JAmSocNephrol.2006,17:339-352.
47 BurtonC,HarperSJ,BaileyE,etal.Turnoverofhumantubularcellsexposedtoproteinsinvivoandinvitro.KidneyInt,2001,59:507-511.
48 Eddy. A role of cellular in filtrates in response in response to proteinuria[J]. AM JKidneyDis,2001,37(Suppl2):S25.
1. Erickson AC, Couchman JR. Still more complexity in mammalian basementmembranes[J].JHistoch&Cytoch,2000,48(10):1291-1293.
2. Meyer IJ, Szukics B, Neubauer K, et al. Extracellular matrix proteins as earlymarkers indiabeticnephropathy[J].EurJClinCemClinBiochem,1995,33:211.
3. HovindP,RossingP,TarnowL,etal.Progressionofdiabeticnephropathy[J].KidneyInt,2001,59(2):702-709.
4. 周秋根, 郑法雷. 对胚胎期肾的间充质-上皮细胞分化机制的初步认识[J]. 世界医学杂志,2003,7(9):44-46.
5. Kotajima N, Kimura T, Kanda T, et al. Type Ⅳ collagen as an early marker for diabeticnephropathy in non- insulin dependent diabetes mellitus[J]. J Diab Compl, 2000, 14:13-17.
6. 6 Haneda M, Oshima S, Yoshizawa N. Abnoemality of type Ⅳcollagen metabolism inthedevelopmentondiabeticnephropathy[J].DiabetMed,1993,68(1):45.
7. OkazakiR,MatsuokaK,AtsumiY.Serum concentrationofbasementmembraneproteinsin NIDDM as a prognostic marker for nephropathy[J]. Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 1995,27(1):39.
8. 钟世军, 欧钢卫, 葛正龙. 高糖对原代培养人血管内皮细胞TGF-β基因表达和分泌LN及C-Ⅳ的影响[J]. 基础医学与临床,2004,24(4):428-431.
9. 罗勇. 糖尿病肾病与IV型胶原的关系[J]. 医学理论与实践.2005,18(7):745-748.
10. 陈岗梅, 张魁正. 糖尿病肾病患者血清Ⅳ型胶原和层粘连蛋白的变化和临床价值[J].国际医药卫生导报,2006,12(16):19-20.
11. Chen S, Cohen MP, Lautenslager GT, et al. Glycated albumin stimulates TGF-beta1prod- uction and protein kinase C activity in glomerular endothelial cells[J]. Kidney Int,2001,59:673-681.
12. Sodhi C P, phadke SA, Batlle D, et al. Hypoxia and high glucose cause exaggeratedmesa- ngial cell growth and collagen synthesis: role of osteopontin[J]. Am J PhysiolRenalPhysiol,2001,280:F667-F674.
13. Yamamoto Y, Kato I, Doi T, et al. Development and prevention of mice[J]. J Clin Invest,2001,108:261-268.
14. Zheng F, Cai W, Mitsuhashi T, et al. Lysozyme enhances renal excretion of advancedglycationendproductsinvivoandsuppressesadverseage-mediatedcellulareffectsinvitro: a potential AGE sequestration therapy for diabetic nephropathy[J]? Mol Med,2001,7:737-747.
15. 任现志, 汪受传, 翟文生. 黄芪水蛭及其不同比例配方含药血清对大鼠系膜细胞增殖和分泌Ⅳ型胶原影响的比较研究[J]. 辽宁中医杂志,2006,33(10):1358-1359.
16. 印晓星, 张银娣, 余俊先, 等. 黄芪甲苷与苄达赖氨酸合用对抑制大鼠肾系膜细胞外基质增生的增强作用[J]. 中国药理学通报,2006,22(10):1237-1241.
17. 陶少平, 陈学峰, 孙艳, 等. 黄芪注射液对糖尿病肾病患者血转化生长因子-β1及Ⅳ型胶原水平的影响及其意义[J]. 中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2006,7(3):156-157.
1. 向红丁. 1991~2000年全国住院糖尿病患者慢性并发症回顾性分析[J]. 中国糖尿病杂志,2002,10(增刊):30-32.
2. Joss N, Paterson K R, Deighan CJ, et al. Diabetic nephropathy: how effective istreatmentinclinicalpractice[J].QJMed,2002,95(1):41.
3. Basile DP, Donohoe D, Roethe K, et al. Renal is chemic injury resultsin pemanentdamage to peritubular capillary and influences long term function[J]. Am J Physiol,2001,281:F887-F899.
4. 杨亦彬, 陈忠霞, 徐昆. 糖尿病血管内皮损害标志物的检测及其与尿白蛋白的关系[J]. 医师进修杂志,2005,28(5):21-23.
5. Awad AS, Webb RL, Carey RM, et al. Renal nitric oxide production is decreased indiabetic rats and improved by AT1 receptor blockade [J]. J Hypertens, 2004, 22:1571–1577.
6. 汪茂荣. 一氧化氮与内皮素平衡的破坏对糖尿病肾病的影响[J]. 湖北民族学院学报(医学版),2001,18(3):38-39.
7. AielloS,RemuzziG,NorrisM.Nitricoxide/endothelinbalanceafternephronreduction[J].KidneyIntSuppl.1998,65:S63-S67.
8. Ziolo MT, Bers DM. The real estate of NOS signaling: Location, location, location[J].CirRes,2003,92:1279-1281.
9. ToborekM, Kaiser S. Endothelial cell functions[J]. Basic Res Cardiol, 1999, 94(5): 295.
10. Kasai N, Sugimoto K, horiba N, et al. Effect of D-glucose on nitric oxide release fromglomerularendothelialcells[J].DiabetesMetabRes,2001,17(3):217-222.
11. 刘明花, 孙书珍, 李倩, 等. 实验性糖尿病大鼠肾组织一氧化氮与肾小球高滤过的关系[J]. 实用儿科临床杂志,2005,20(1):44-45.
12. Shin-ichiS,NaomiY,FumikiY,etal.EndothelinAreceptorblockadeandendothelinBreceptorblockadeimprovehypokalemicnephropathybydifferentmechanisms[J].JAmSocNephrol,2003,14:397-406.
13. Quaschning T, d’Uscio LV, Luscher TF, et al. Greater endothelial protection by thevasopeptidase inhibitor omapatrilat compared to the ACE-inhibitor captopril in salt-inducedhypertension[J].JAmCollCardiol,2000,35:248.
14. 何伟, 李英. 降钙素基因相关肽和内皮素与糖尿病肾病的关系[J]. 中华糖尿病杂志,2005,13(1):74-76.
15. Kedzierski RM, Yanagisawa M. Endothelin system: the double edged sword in healthanddisease[J].AnnuRevPharmacolToxicol,2001,41:851-876.
16. Choles HR, Kasinath BS, Gorin Y, et al. Angiotensin II and growth factors in thepathogenesisofdiabeticnephropathy[J].KidneyIntl,2002,62:S8-S11.
17. Wu CG. The relation of plasma endothelin lwels and albumin excretion rate inmicroalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients [J]. J Jiangsu Univ(Med), 2004, (14): 312-4.
18. LemleyKV.AbasisforacceleratedprogressionofdiabeticnephropathyinpimaIndians[J].KidneyInt,2003,63(Suppl83):S38-S42.
19. 张延峰, 王桂英. 内皮素与糖尿病的关系及临床意义[J]. 现代预防医学,2005,32(6):696-697.
20. FujiiT,TakaokaM,OhkitaM,etal.Tempolprotectsagainstischemicacuterenalfailureby inhibiting renal noradrenaline overflow and endothelin-1 overproduction [J]. BiolPharmBull,2005,28:641-645.
21. 王凤玲, 魏剑芬. 血清内皮素水平与 2 型糖尿病微血管病变关系的探讨[J]. 中国综合临床,2007,23(3):234-235.
22. Funatsu H, Yamashita H, Noma H, et al. Risk evaluation of outcome of vitreous surgeryfor proliferative diabetic retinopathy based on vitreous level of vascular endothelialgrowthfactorandangiotensinII[J].Brophthalmol,2004,88:1064-1068.
23. Llorens S, Miranda FJ, Alabady JA, et al. Different role of endothelin ETA and ETBrecaptors and endothelial modulatiors in diabetes induced hyperreactivity of the rabbitcarotidarterytoendothelin-1[J].EurJPhamacol,2004,486:43-51.
24. Hopfner RL, McNeill JR, Gopalakrishnan V. Plasma endothelin levels and vascularresponses at different temporal stages of streptozotocin diabetes [J]. Eur J Pharmacol ,1999,374(2):221.
25. Awad AS, Webb RL, Carey RM, et al. Renal nitric oxide production is decreased indiabetic rats and improved by AT1 receptor blockade[J]. J Hypertens, 2004, 22:1571-1577.
26. SchulzEKeaney,JohnFJ.Oxidativestressandnitricoxidebioavailabilityindiabetes[J].CurrentOpinioninEndocrinology & Diabetes,2003,10:237-244.
27. Raquel L,SpilmanP,etal.Endothelin-1UpregulationintheKidneyofUninephrectomi-zedSpontaneouslyHypertensiveRatsandItsModificationbytheAngiotensionConeve-rtingEnzymeInhibitorQuinapril[J].Hypertension,1997,(29):1178-1185.
28. 方咏红, 张继平, 周少雄, 等.2型糖尿病合并肾病患者血清内皮素含量的临床分析[J]. 第一军医大学学报,2005,25(8):1007-1011.
29. 赵景宏, 黄岚, 王军平, 等. 大鼠肾小球内皮细胞培养及高糖对其分泌 NO 的影响.免疫学杂志,2007,23(1):13-15.
30. 曾芬. 黄芪注射液对早期糖尿病肾脏病变及血浆内皮素的影响[J]. 江西中医药,2005,36(3):26-27.
31. 谢席胜, 黄宗文, 李秀钧, 等. 黄芪对高葡萄糖、游离脂肪酸培养的人血管内皮细胞一氧化氮含量的影响[J]. 中国临床康复,2004,8(30):6683-6685.
1. LiuY.Renalfibrosis:newinsightsintothepathogenesisandtherapeutics[J].KidneyInt,2006,69(20):213-217.
2. MeneP.Recentperspectivesinthemechanismsandtherapyofrenalsclerosis[J].JNephrol,2006,19(4):413-418.
3. NakamuraT.Structureandfunctionofhepatocytegrowthfactor[J].ProgGrowthFactorRes,1991,3(1):67-85.
4. VargasGA,HoeflichA,JehlePM.Hepatocytegrowthfactorinrenalfailure:promiseandreality[J].KidneyInt,2000,57(4):1426-1436.
5. MatsumotoK,NakamuraT.Hepatocytegrowthfactor:renotropicroleandpotential therapeuticsforrenaldisease[J].KidneyInt,2001,59(5):2023-2038.
6. NAKAGAMI H, KANEDA Y, OGIHARA T, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor aspotentialcardiovasculartherapy[J].ExpertRevCardiovascTher,2005,8(3):513-519.
7. EspositoC,ParrillaB,DeMauriA,etal.Hepatocytegrowthfactor(HGF)modulatesmatrixturnoverinhumanglomeruli[J].KidneyInt,2005,67(6):2143-2150.
8. DaiC,YangJ,BastackyS,etal.Intravenousadministrationofhepatocytegrowthfactorgeneameliorates.Diabeticnephropathyinmice[J].JAmSocNephrol,2004,15(10):2637-2647.
9. Zhang X, Yang J, Li Y, et al. Both Sp1 and Smad participate in mediatingTGF-beta1-induced HGF receptor expression in renal epithelial cells [J]. Rev GastroenterolMex,2004,69(4):243-250.
10. 常宝成, 潘从清, 曾淑范, 等. 高血糖对肝细胞生长因子影响的实验研究[J]. 临床荟萃,2006,21,(14):1013-1014.
11. 牟姗, 张庆怡, 倪兆慧, 等. 肝细胞生长因子受体高糖诱导肾间质成纤维细胞中的表达及意义[J]. 中华肾脏杂志,2002,18(3):171-174.
12. Dai C, Li Y, Yang J, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor preserves beta cell mass andmitigateshyperglycemiainstreptozotocin-induceddiabeticmice[J].JBiolChem.2003,278(29):27080-27087.
13. MoriT,ShimizuA,MasudaY,etal.Hepatocytegrowthfactor-stimulatingendothelialcell growth and accelerating glomerular capillaryrepair in experimental progressiveglomerulonephritis[J].NephronExpNephrol.2003,94(2):644-654.
14. Negri AL. Prevention of progressive fibrosis in chronic renal diseases: antifibroticagents[J].JNephrol,2004,17(4):496-503.
15. FranquesaM, AlperovichG,HerreroFresneda I. Direct electrotransferofhHGFgeneinto kidney ameliorates ischemic acute renal failure[J]. Gene Ther, 2005,12(21):1551-1558.
16. 牟姗, 张庆怡, 赵涵芳, 等. 高糖刺激人肾脏成纤维细胞肝细胞生长因子和C-MET的表达及其意义[J]. 中华内分泌代谢杂志,2002,18(4):260-263.
17. 周一军, 王佳贺, 张锦. 肝细胞生长因子抗糖基化终产物诱导内皮细胞凋亡及分子机制[J]. 中国医科大学学报,2006,35(4):367-370.
18. CruzedoJM,LloberasN,TorrasJ,eta1.Regressionofadvanceddiabeticnephropathybyhepatocytegrowthfactorgenetherapyinrats[J].Diabetes2004,53(4):1119-27.
19. Mizuno S, Nakamura t. Suppressions of chronic glomerular injuries and TGF-beta 1production by HGF in attenuation of murinc diabetic nephropathy[J]. Am J PhysiolRenalPhysiol2004,286(1):F134-43.
20. Futrakul N, Butthep P, Patumraj S, et al. Microvascular disease and endothelialdysfunctioninchronickidneydiseases:therapeuticimplication[J].ClinHemorheolMicrocirc,2006,34(1-2):265-271.
21. LiuY.Renalfibrosis:newinsightsintothepathogenesisandtherapeutics[J].KidneyInt,2006,69(20):213-217.
22. Mene P. Recent perspectives in the mechanisms and therapy of renal sclerosis[J]. JNephrol,2006,19(4):413-418.
23. WolfG,ZiyadehFN.Molecularmechanismsofdiabeticrenalhypertrophy[J].KidneyInt,1999,56(2):393-405.
24. FutrakulN,ButthepP,FutrakulP.Biomarkersofendothelialinjuryinfocalsegmentalglomeruloscleroticnephrosis[J].RenFail,2005,27(4):393-395.
25. ZhangA,WangMH,Dong,etal.ZProstaglandinE2isapotentinhibitorofepithelial-to-mesenchymaltransition:interactionwithhepatocytegrowthfactor[J].AmJPhysiolRenalPhysiol,2006,291(6):F1323-F1331.
26. HoshiS,ShuY,YoshidaF,etal.Podocyteinjurypromotesprogressivenephropathyinzuckerdiabeticfattyrats[J].LabInvest,2002,82(1):25-35.
27. FutrakulN,ButthepP,VongthavarawatV,etal.Earlydetectionofendothelialinjuryanddysfunction in conjunction with correction of hemodynamic maladjustment caneffectivelyrestorerenalfunctionintype2diabeticnephropathy[J].ClinHemorheolMicrocirc,2006,34(3):373-381.
28. 宋新文, 邓存良, 盛云建, 等. 血清TGF-1、HGF与慢性乙型肝炎早期肾损伤关系的研究[J]. 西部医学,2005,17(4):291-292.
29. MizunoS,NakamuraT.SuppressionsofchronicglomerularinjuriesandTGF-beta1productionbyHGFinattenuationofmurinediabeticnephropathy[J].AmJPhysiolRenalPhysiol,2004,286(1):F134-F143.
30. MizunoS,NakamuraT.SuppressionsofchronicglomerularinjuriesandTGF-beta1productionbyHGFinattenuationofmurinediabeticnephropathy[J].ExpertOpinBiolTher,2004,4(4):507-518.
31. EitnerF,FloegeJ.Therapeutictargetsforpreventionandregressionofprogressivefibrosingrenaldiseases[J].CurrOpinInvestigDrugs,2005,6(3):255-261.
2. 陆菊明, 卢艳慧. 重视糖尿病肾病的防治[J].中华内科杂志,2007,46(3):179-180.
3. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. National diabetes fact sheet: generalinformation and national estimates on diabetes in the United States, 2003, Rev ed.Atlanta:US Department of Health and Human service, Center for Disease Control andPrevention,2004.
4. Collins AJ, Kasiske B, Herzog C, et al. United States renal data system 2006 annual datareportabstract[J].AmJKidneyDis,2007,49(1Suppl1):A6-7.
5. IntegratedManagementofCardiovascularRisk–ReportofaWHOMeeting,2002.
6. AmericanDiabetes Association.Diabeticnephropathy[J].Diabetes Care,2003, 26(Suppl1):S94-S98.
7. 黎磊石, 刘志红. 糖尿病肾病的治疗[J]. 中华老年多器官疾病杂志, 2002, 1(3):171-173.
8. 陆菊明, 潘长玉. 糖尿病肾病的流行病学和诊断标准[J]. 中华老年多器官疾病杂志,2002,1(3):163-165.
9. 周文华, 罗从娟, 卞淑芬. 糖尿病肾病发病的相关因素和早期诊断指标分析[J]. 中国实验诊断学,2006,10(10):1140-1142.
10.Okada S, Shikata K, et al. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1-deficient mice are resistantagainstrenalinjuryafterinductionofdiabetes[J].Diabetes,2003,52(10):2586.
11.Abdel-Wahab N, WestonBS, et al. Connective tissue growthfactor and regulation of themesangial cell cycle: role in cellular hypertrophy[J]. J Am Soc Nephrol, 2002, 13(10):2437.
12.Forbes JM, Cooper ME, et al. Role of advanced glycation end products in diabeticnephropathy[J].JAmSocNephrol,2003,14(8Suppl3):S254.
13.Zhang H, Jia Y, Cooper JJ, et al. Common variants in glutamine:fructose-6-phosphateamidotransferase 2 (GFPT2) gene are associated with type 2 diabetes, diabeticnephropathy, and increased GFPT2 mRNA levels[J]. JClin Endocrinol Metab, 2004,89:748-755.
14.Fogarty DG, Rich SS, Hanna L, et al. Urinary albumin excretion in families with type
2diabetes is heritable and genetically correlated to blood pressure[J]. Kidney Int,2000,57:250.
15.刘志红, 黎磊石. 糖尿病肾病发病机理[J]. 中华肾脏病杂志,1999,15(2):120-123.
16.Lane P. Diabetic kidney disease: impact of puberty[J]. Am J Physiol, 2002, 283:F589-F600.
17.林善瑛. 糖尿病肾病发病机制的几个关键[J]. 中华老年多器官疾病杂志, 2002,1(3):165-167.
18. Banerjec S, Ghosh US, Saha SJ. Role of GFR estimation in assessment of the status ofnephropathyintype2diabetesmellitus[J].JAssocPhysiciansIndia,2005,53:181-4.
19.王意忠,崔立芹.糖尿病肾病的研究进展[J]. 中国现代医药杂志,2006,8(1):72-75.
20.StrutzF,ZeisbergM,RenziehausenA,etal.TGFβ1inducesproliferationinhumanrentalfibroblasts via induction of basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) [J]. Kidney Int, 2001,59(2):579-592.
21.McKnight AJ,Savage DA, Patterson CC,et al. Resequencing of genes for transforminggrowth factor beta1 (TGFβ1) type 1 and 2 receptors (TGFβR1, TGFβR2), and associationanalysisofvariantswithdiabeticnephropathy.BMCMedGenet.2007,8:1471-2350.
22.Schena FP, Gesualdo L. Pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy[J]. J AM SocNephrol.2005,16Suppl1:S30-3.
23.Wolf G, Chen S, Ziyadeh FN. From the peripheryof glumerular capillarywall toward thecenter of disease: podocyte injury comes of age in diabetic nephropathy[J]. Diabetes,2005,54(6):1626-34.
24.Darren J, Jackie H, Sauro V, et al. Insulin-like growth factors inhibit podocyte apoptosisthroughthePI3kinasepathway[J].KidneyInt,2005;67:1308-1314.
25.李玉凤, 王雪, 戴皓洁, 等.2型糖尿病肾病患者血清IGF-1、IGFBP-3的研究[J]. 北京医学,2005,27(6):360.
26.Uehara G, Suzuki G, Toyoda M, et al. Glomerular expression of platelet-derived growthfactor PDGF-A, B chain and PDGF receptor-α, βin diabetic nephropathy[J]. Clin ExpNephrol,2004,8:36-42.
27.Malcolm C,William EA,Jonathan A, et al.Glucose-induced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent up regulation of the platelet-derived growth factor-b receptor potentiated vas-cularsmoothmusclecellchemotaxis[J].Diabetes,2003,52:519-526.
28.StraczkowskiM, LewczukP,Dzienis-StraczkowskaS,etal.Elevatedsolubleintercellularadhesion molecule-1 levels in obesity:relationship to insulin resistance and tumornecrosisfactor-alphasystemactivity[J].Metabolism,2002,51(1):75-78.
29.曾长峰, 张兰.肿瘤坏死因子-α 与糖尿病肾病研究评析. 医学综述, 2006, 12(6):372-374.
30.梁旗, 李彩萍.TNF-α与糖尿病微血管病变关系的研究进展. 中华临床医学研究杂志,2006,12(7):970-971.
31.AwadAS,HuangL,YeH,etal.AdenosineA2Areceptoractivationattenuatesinflame-mation and injury in diabetic nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2006, 290(4):F828-F837.
32.Roestenberg P, van Nieuwenhoven FA, Joles JA, et al. Temporal expression profile anddistribution pattern indicate a role of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN-2) indiabeticnephropathyinmice.AmJPhysiolRenalPhysiol.2006,290(6):F1344-F1354.
33.周月宏, 王秋月. CTGF 在糖尿病肾病发病机制中的作用及意义. 国际内分泌代谢杂志,2006,26(4):273-276.
34.陈薇, 叶山东,范爱红, 等. 糖尿病肾病患者尿中结缔组织生长因子的检测及意义.临床输血与检验,2006,8(4):265-267.
35.Hodgkinson AD, Millwand BA, Demaine AG. Polymorphism of the glucose transporter(GLUT1)geneareassociatedwithdiabeticnephropathy[J].KineyInt,2001,59(3):985.
36.JosefJ.K,Vesely,M.D,MariaBetal.NewStrategiesInThePreventionAndManagementOfDiabetesAndItsComplications[J].NEngJMed,1993,329:977-986.
37.UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS)Group. Intensive blood-glucose control withsulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of compli-cationsinpatientswithtype2diabetes(UDPDS33)[J].Lancet1998,352:837-853.
38.American Diabetes Association: Implications of theUnited Kingdom ProspectiveDiabet-esStudy[J].DiabetesCare,2000,23(S1):S27-33.
39.BDA Schaan, Lacchini S, Bertoluci MC, et al. Increased renal GLUT1 abundance andurinary TGF-beta 1 in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: implications for the develop-mentofnephropathycomplicatingdiabetes[J].HormMetabRes,2001,33:664-669.
40.Noh H, Ha H, Yu MR, et al. High glucose increases inducible NO production in culturedratmesangialcells,possibleroleinfibronectinproduction[J].Nephron,2002,90:78–85.
41.OrtizA.Expressionofapoptosis regulatorygenes inrenal proximal tubularepihehal cellsexposedtohighambtentglucoseandindiabeteskidneys[J].JInvMed,1997,45(1):50.
42.ThornalleyPJ, Langborg A, Minhas HS. Formation of glyoxal, methylglyoxal and 3-deo-xyglucosoneintheglycationofproteinsbyglucose[J].BiochemJ,1999,15,344:109-16.
43.ChenM, NagaseM, Fujita T, et al. Diabetes enhances lectin - likeoxidized LDLreceptor-1(LOX-1) expression in the vascular endothelium: possible role of LOX-1 ligand andAGE[J].BiochemBiophysResCommun,2001,287:962-968.
44.Li L, Sawamura T, Renier G, et al. Glucose enhances human macrophage LOX-1expression: role for LOX-1 in glucose–induced macrophage foam cell formation[J]. CircRes,2004,94:892-901.
45.Peppa M, Uribarri J, Vlassara H. The role of advanced glycation end products in thedevelopmentofatherosclerosis[J].CurrDiabRep,2004,4(1):31-36.
46.Iacobini C, Menini S, Oddi G. Galectin-3/AGE-receptor 3 knockout mice show accelerat-edAGE-induced glomerularinjury:evidencefora protectiveroleofgalectin-3as anAGEreceptor[J].FASEBJ,2004,18(14):1773-5.
47.Idris I, Gray S, Donnelly R. Protein kinase C activation: isozyme- specific effects onmetabolism and cardiovascular complications in diabetes[J].Diabetologia, 2001, 44(6):659-673.
48.Han DC, Hoffman BB, Hong SW, et al. Therapy with antisense TGF-β oligade-oxynucleot-ides reduces kidney weight and matrix mRNAs in diabetic mice[J]. Am JPhysiopRenalPhysiol,2000,278(4):28-34.
49.Darren JK, Yuan Z, Claire H, et al. Protein kinase C-βinhibition attenuates the progressi-on of experimental diabetic nephropathy in the presence of continued hypertension[J].Diab-etes,2003,52(2):51228.
50.袁伟杰, 吴灏. 脂质肾毒性在肾脏疾病发生发展中的作用[J]. 继续医学教育, 2006,20(5):32-35.
51.郭晓蕙. 脂毒性导致肾损伤的机制[J]. 国外医学内分泌学分册,2005,25(3):161-163.
52.干正琦. 2 型糖尿病肾病与血脂的相关性分析[J].辽宁实用糖尿病杂志, 2004(2)12:27-28.
53.林昶, 李郑芳, 于南南, 等. 2 型糖尿病患者糖尿病肾病与血脂异常的关系[J]. 实用糖尿病杂志,2004,12(2):12-13.
54.Li JM, Shah AM. ROS generation by nonphagocytic NADPH oxidase: potentialrelevanceindiabeticnephropathy[J].JAmSocNephrol,2003,14(8Suppl3):S221.
55.Ha H, Lee HB. Reactive oxygen species and matrix remodeling in diabetic kidney[J]. JAmSocNephrol,2003,14(8Suppl3):S246.
56.Anjaneyulu M, Chopra K. Effect of Irbesartan on the Antioxidant Defence System andNitricOxideReleaseinDiabeticRatKidney[J].AmJNephrol,2004,24(5):488.
57.OnozatoML, TojoA, et al.Oxidativestress andnitricoxidesynthase inrat diabeticneph-ropathy:effectsofACEIandARB[J].KidneyInt,2002,61(1):186.
58.邱明才. 糖尿病的多器官免疫损伤[J]. 国际内分泌代谢杂志,2006,26(3):215-216.
59.高桦, 邱明才. 应加强对部分2型糖尿病患者多器官免疫损伤的研究[J]. 中华医学杂志,2005,85(12):793-795.
60.Chen S, JimB, et al. Diabetic nephropathy and transforming growth factor- beta: transfo-rming our view of glomerulosclerosis and fibrosis build-up[J]. Ziyadeh FN. SeminNephrol,2003,23(6):532.
61.Ziyadeh FN. Mediators of diabetic renal disease :the case for tgf-Beta as the major medi-ator[J].JAmSocNephrol,2004,1(5Suppl1):S55.
62.王海燕. 肾脏病学[M]. 第2版. 北京:人民卫生出版社,1996,949-967.
63.Pascale H, Lane MW, Steffes PF, et al. Renal interstitial expansion in insulin-dependentdiabetesmellitus[J].KidneyInt,1993,43(3):661.
64.王梅,林晓明,王海燕,等. 早期糖尿病肾病的病理形态学变化探讨[J]. 中国实用内科杂志.2002,22(8):490-491.
65.刘岩,肖笑,钟小仕,等. 糖尿病患者合并肾脏损害的肾活检病理与临床研究[J].中华肾脏病杂志.2006,22(1):19-22.
66.黄颂敏. 糖尿病肾病的防治策略和临床药物治疗[J]. 肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志, 2003,12(5):439.
67.Rosenbery M, Correa Rottar R. Pathogenesis and Risk Factor for Diabetic Nephropat[J].KidneyInt,2003,17(46):272.
68.熊建菁,卢伟.糖尿病患者非药物干预研究[J].中国慢性病预防与控制, 2006,14(5):382-385.
69.Nationalserviceframeworkfordiabetes:deliverystrategy.London:DepartmentofHealth,2002.
70.70.MeigsJB,StaffordRS.CardiovasculardiseasepreventionpracticesbyU.S.Physiciansforpatientswithdiabetes[J].JGenInternMed,2000,15:220-228.
71.NordfeldS,JohanssonC,CarlssonE,et al.Preventionofseverehypoglycaemiaintype1diabetes:arandomizedcontrolledpopulationstudy[J].ArchDisChild,2003,88:240-245.
72.Goyal A, Crook ED. Thiazolidinediones and progression of renal disease in patients withdiabetes[J].JInvestigMed,2006,54:56-61.
73.Fioretto P, Steffes MW, Sutherland DE, et al. Reversal of lesions of diabetic nephropathyafterpancreastransplantation[J].NEnglJMed,1998,339:69-75.
74.Nzucchise. Oral antihyperglycemic therapy for type 2 diabetes: scientific review[J].JAMA,2002,287:360-372.
75.Bakris G, Viberti G, Weston WM, et al. Rosiglitazone reduces urinary album in excretionintype2diabetes[J].JHumHypertens,2003,17:7-12.
76.Bakris GL, Ruilope LM, McMorn SO, et al. Rosiglitazone reduces microalbuminuria andblood pressure independently of glycemia in type 2 diabetes patients with microalbumin-uria[J].Hypertens,2006,24:2047-2055.
77.Frank Pistrosch, Kay Herbrig, Beate Kindel, et al. Rosiglitazone Improves GlomerularHyperfiltration, Renal Endothelial Dysfunction, and Microalbuminur ia of IncipientDiabeticNephropathyinPatients[J].AmDiabetesAssoc,2005,54,7:854–859.
78.Hasslacher C. Safetyand efficacyof repaglinide in type 2 diabetic patients with and withoutimpairedrenalfunction[J].DiabetesCare,2003,26:886-891.
79.Delprato S, Heine R J, Keilson L, et al. Treatment of patients over 64 years of age withtype 2 diabetes: experience from nateglinide pooled database retrospective analysis[J].DiabetesCare,2003,26:2075-2080.
80.刘志红. 糖尿病肾病的治疗[J]. 中国实用内科杂志,2006,26(5):322-323.
81.Amann B. Diabetic nephropathy and ACE in-hibitors[J]. Clin Res Cardiol, 2006, 95(1):i83-i87.
82.Ogawa S,Mori T,Nako K,et al. Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers ReduceUrinary Oxidative Stress Markers in Hypertensive Diabetic Nephropathy[J].Hypertension.2006,47:699.
83.Viberti G, Wheeldon NM. Microalbuminuria reduction with valsartan in patients withtype 2 diabetes mellitus a blood pressure-independent effect[J]. Circulation, 2002, 106:672-678.
84.Parving HH, Lehnert H, Brochner-Mortensen J, et al. The effect of irbesartan on thedevelopment of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes[J]. N Engl J Med,2001,345:870-878.
85.FismanEZ,Tenebaum A,MotroM. Losartanand diabeticnephropathy: commentaries ontheRENAALstudy[J].CardiovascDiabetol,2002,1(1):2.
86.Adersen S, Tamow L,Cambien F, et al. Renoprotective effects of Losartan in diabeticnephropathy; Interaction with ACE insertion/deletion genotype[J]. Kidney Int, 2002, 62(1):192-198.
87.栾旭 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂联合血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂治疗糖尿病肾病的临床研究[J]. 中国临床药理学与治疗学,2006,11(6):706-708.
88.Rossing K, Schjjoedt KJ, Smidt UM, et al. Benefical effects of adding spironolactone torecommended antihypertensive treatment in diabetic nephropathy: a randomized, double-masked,crossoverstudy[J].DiabetesCare,2005,28:2106-2112.
89.RuilopeLM, LunoJ.Angiotensinblockadeintype2diabeticrenaldiseases[J].KidneyIntSuppl,2002,82:61-63.
90.Pahor M, Psaty BM, Alderman MH, et al. Therapeutic benefits of ACE inhibitors andother antihypertensive drugs inpatients with type2 diabetes[J]. Diabetes Care, 2000, 23:888-892.
91.Kim SL, Han DC, Lee HB. Lovastatin inhibits transforming growth factor-β, expressionin diabetic rat glomeruli and cultured rat mesangial cells[J]. J Am Soc Nephrol, 2000,11:80-87.
92.Yang T, Chen JW, Liu CP. Combination of simvastation and cilazapril have preventiveeffect on diabetic nephropathy in diabetic rat and cultured mesangial cells[J].Diabetologia,2001,44(suppl):A265.
93.吴小燕, 查冬青, 贾汝汉. 炎症与糖尿病肾病发生发展的关系[J]. 国际泌尿系统杂志,2006,26(5):714-716.
94.陈俊英, 吕永曼. 抗炎治疗在糖尿病肾病中的应用展望[J]. 国际泌尿系统杂志, 2006,26(5):710-714.
95.陈泽君, 黄颂敏. 蛋白激酶 C-β抑制剂-治疗糖尿病肾病的新希望[J]. 国外医学泌尿
96.程谦, 赵久阳. 激肽系统与糖尿病肾病关系研究进展[J]. 国外医学泌尿系统分册,2005,25(4):569-571.
97.吕学爱, 关广聚, 文蓉珠, 等. 氨基胍对糖尿病大鼠肾脏保护作用的实验研究[J]. 山东大学学报(医学版),2006,44(6):597-601.
98.BoltonWK, Cattran DC, WilliamsME, et al. Wuerth JP: Randomized trial of an inhibitorof formation of advanced glycation end products in diabetic nephropathy[J]. Am JNephrol,2002,24:32-40.
99. 谷立杰,黄一新. 糖尿病肾病药物治疗研究进展[J]. 国际泌尿系统杂志, 2006, 26(5):696-701.
100.FouqueD. Influence ofDietaryProtein IntakeontheProgressionof ChronicRenal Insu-fficiency1 In: Kopple JD, Massry SG, eds. Nutritional Management of Renal Disease,
2nded[J].Philadelphia:LippincottWilliams&Wilkins,2004,241-259.
101.刘厚庆. 糖尿病肾病患者的低蛋白饮食治疗[J]. 社区医学杂志,2006,4(3):26-27.
102.谌贻璞. 糖尿病肾病患者的低蛋白饮食治疗[J].中华糖尿病杂志,2004,12(5):379-381.
103.李广智. 糖尿病肾病的防治-林善锬教授访谈录[J]. 老年医学与保健, 2006, 12(2):128-129.
104.National Institutes of Health, NIDDK/DKUHD. Excertpts from the United States renaldata systems. 2003 annual data report: Stlas of End-stage renal disease in the UnitedStates[J].AmJKidneyDis,2003,42:S226.
105.俞雨生. 终末期糖尿病肾病与透析治疗[J]. 肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志, 2006, 15(4):376-379.
106.汪涛, 陈孟华.糖尿病肾病的透析治疗[J].肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志,2003,12(4): 350-351.
107.陈灏珠. 实用内科学[M].11版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2003:1957.
108.Foley N. Clinical epidemiology of cardiac disease in dialysis patients: left ventricular
1. 赵进喜, 邓德强, 李靖. 糖尿病肾病相关中医病名考辨[J]. 南京中医药大学学报, 2005,21(5):288-289.
2. 果会玲. 黄芪注射液治疗糖尿病肾病25例[J]. 河南中医,2007,27(1):73.
3. 司廷林, 侯慧珍. 黄芪注射液对早期糖尿病肾病尿微量清蛋白及内皮素的影响[J].山东中医药大学学报,2007,31(1):36-37.
4. 杨丽丽, 余静, 常鹏. 黄芪对高血压大鼠肾脏血管紧张素转换酶2表达的影响[J]. 中华高血压杂志,2007,15(1):39-43.
5. 程晖, 贾汝汉, 刘红燕. 黄芪对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用[J]. 中国医师杂志,2006,8(10):1349-1351.
6. 白秀文. 冬虫夏草的药用价值及临床应用[J]. 中国医药导报,2006,3(30):80.
7. 崔海月. 冬虫夏草对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾损伤的保护作用研究[J]. 延边大学医学学报,2006,29(4):252-255.
8. 龚伟, 黎磊石, 陈丹, 等. 百令(冬虫夏草)对糖尿病大鼠转化生长因子β及其受体表达的影响[J]. 肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志,2006,15(4):329-339.
9. 胡杨青, 周巧玲, 刘抗寒, 等. 冬虫夏草对糖尿病肾病鼠肾组织转化生长因子β/C-myc表达的影响[J]. 肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志,2005,14(5):413-417.
10. 肖朝华, 周建华, 吴衡生. 多球壳菌素对高糖诱导肾小球系膜细胞肥大及细胞外基质合成的影响[J]. 实用儿科临床杂志,2006,21(5):268-270.
11. 王尧, 石凤英. 灵芝对大鼠糖尿病肾病的保护作用[J]. 中国糖尿病杂志,2003,11(5):327-331.
12. 王尧, 石凤英. 灵芝对糖尿病大鼠代谢紊乱及早期蛋白尿的作用[J]. 东南大学学报·医学版,2003,22(3):163-166.
13. 孙桂菊, 张勇, 黄杰, 等. 枸杞多糖对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠肾脏保护作用及其机制研究[J]. 营养学报,2006,28(1):47-50.
14. 董兴刚. 雷公藤多甙治疗糖尿病肾病病人时对血脂的影响[J]. 齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2006,27(4):416-417.
15. 洪郁之, 俞东容, 朱斌, 等. 雷公藤内酯醇对糖尿病肾内高压牵张系膜细胞模型细胞因子表达的抑制[J]. 中华糖尿病杂志,2005,13(6):467-468.
16. 范红英, 石咏军. 雷公藤多苷对糖尿病肾病患者转化生长因子β1的影响[J]. 中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2005,6(7):395-397.
17. KR. 用卫矛提取物预防糖尿病[J]. 国外医药·植物药分册,2006,21(2):85.
18. 黄德斌, 余昭芬. 鬼箭羽三种提取物对氧自由基作用的影响[J]. 湖北民族学院学报.医学版,2006,23(2):4-6.
19. 杨海燕, 王秋娟, 朱丹妮, 等. 中药鬼箭羽提取物对脂肪细胞葡萄糖摄取作用的影响[J]. 中国天然药物,2004,2(6):365-368.
20. 杨金晶, 杨秋萍. 灯盏花素的抗氧化作用与糖尿病肾病[J]. 四川医学,2006,27(8):795-797.
21. 蒋涛, 高妍, 熊祖应. 灯盏花素对高糖环境肾系膜细胞c-fos,c-jun蛋白表达的影响[J].中国药理学通报,2001,10(17):503-506.
22. 张辉, 魏连波, 龙海波, 等. 迈地通对2型糖尿病肾病凝血/纤溶状态的影响[J].中成药,2007,29(2):167-170.
23. 张莹, 宋光华. 野黄芩甙元对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用[J]. 中国糖尿病杂志,2003,11(5):324-326.
24. 吴玲. 阿魏酸钠对早期糖尿病肾病患者的疗效观察[J]. 现代医药卫生,2006,22(15):2348.
25. 崔冰, 姚孟英, 赵同才. 阿魏酸钠对早期糖尿病肾病血、尿内皮素水平的影响[J]. 中国煤炭工业医学杂志,2006,9(2):155.
26. 刘华, 刘圣君. 全威舒平降低早期糖尿病肾病尿微量白蛋白疗效观察[J]. 河北北方学院学报·医学版,2006,23(5):53.
27. 胡志娟, 李英, 何伟, 等. 阿魏酸钠对糖尿病大鼠肾组织中TGF-β1和Smad4表达的影响[J]. 临床肾脏病杂志,2006,6(1):7-10.
28. 廖璞, 王淑琴, 廖雪松, 等. 银杏叶提取物对糖尿病大鼠肾脏保护作用的实验研究[J]. 中国药房,2000,11(3):114-115.
29. 侯淑芬, 李英, 张海松,等.银杏黄酮苷对实验性糖尿病大鼠肾脏保护作用的研究[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2005,6(3):160-162.
30. 余江毅. 黄蜀葵花醇提物治疗糖尿病肾病的临床观察[J].中国中西医结合杂志,1995,15(5):263.
31. 贾忠辉, 刘志红, 郑敬民, 等. 大黄酸和辛伐他汀对db/db糖尿病小鼠脂代谢紊乱和肾脏保护作用的比较[J]. 肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志,2006,15(3):233-239.
32. 龚伟, 黎磊石, 孙骅, 等. 大黄酸对糖尿病大鼠转化生长因子β及其受体表达的影响[J]. 肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志,2006,15(2):101-111,143.
33. 杨明正, 张小如. 决明子对糖尿病大鼠肾组织NF-κB活化的影响[J]. 浙江中西医结合杂志,2006,16(3):149-150.
34. 李龙, 杨明正, 陈应强, 等. 决明子对实验性大鼠糖尿病肾病疗效观察[J]. 中国中西医结合杂志,2005,25(6):71-74.
35. 钟惠菊, 李剑欣. 葛根素对糖尿病肾病大鼠细胞间黏附分子-1基因表达的调控[J].中国医师杂志,2006,8(11):1480-1483.
36. 李强翔, 钟惠菊, 肖扬, 等. 葛根素对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾功能的保护作用[J]. 中国临床康复,2006,10(31):64-66.
37. 张雷, 陈立梅, 倪红霞, 等. 葛根素影响链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠脂肪细胞葡萄糖转运蛋白 4 的表达[J]. 中国临床康复,2006,10(39):135-138.
38. 赖亚辉, 马中春, 潘丽新. 仙人掌抗氧化作用的研究[J]. 中国老年学杂志, 2006, 26(9):1271-1272.
39. 刘浩, 崔美芝, 李春艳. 仙人掌粉对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用[J]. 中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2006,7(3):132-134.
40. 阎雅更, 李春艳, 崔美芝, 等. 仙人掌粉对糖尿病大鼠血糖的影响[J]. 哈尔滨医科大学学报,2003,37(1):23-24.
41. 王海颖, 陈以平. 牛蒡子提取物对糖尿病大鼠肾脏病变作用机制的实验研究[J]. 中成药,2004,26(9):745-749.
42. 王海颖, 陈以平. 牛蒡子及其提取物对大鼠肾皮质糖基化终产物的影响[J]. 上海中医药大学学报,2004,18(3):48-51.
43. 王海颖, 陈以平. 牛蒡子提取物可改善糖尿病肾损害[J]. 中医药学刊. 2004, 22(7):1250-1252.
44. 刘宝珠, 裴月湖. 刺五加药理作用研究进展[J]. 沈阳药科大学学报, 2002,19(2):143–145.
45. 王涛, 沈水娟, 胡作祥. 刺五加注射液治疗糖尿病肾病疗效观察[J]. 现代中西医结合杂志,2006,15(4):475-476.
46. 叶静, 郑云霞. 刺五加注射液治疗糖尿病肾病尿蛋白的体会[J]. 甘肃中医, 2006;19(9):44.
47. 陈玲, 贾汝汉, 丁国华, 等. 缬草油对2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏氧化应激和蛋白激酶C活性的影响[J]. 中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2003,4(4):192-195.
48. 李侠, 刘国安. 槲皮素与糖尿病肾病[J]. 兰州医学院学报, 2004, 30(1): 71-74.
49. 黄慧, 付静奕, 田浩明. 槲皮素和依那普利对糖尿病大鼠肾组织的PDGF-B和 VEGF-1含量的影响研究[J]. 生物医学工程学杂志,2005,22(4):791-794.
50. 刘楠梅, 袁伟杰, 张小瑛, 等.金雀异黄素对糖尿病大鼠糖脂代谢及肾脏的影响[J].中国糖尿病杂志,2006,14(1):64-66.
51. 刘艳波, 芦丽莉, 葛贺, 等. 糖基化终末产物对正常大鼠肾脏的有害作用及拟黑多刺蚁醇提物抑制糖基化作用实验研究[J].北华大学学报(自然科学版), 2006,7(3): 217-223.
52. 葛良鹏, 魏泓. 四种药物对丙二醛和晚期糖化终末产物抑制作用的比较[J]. 局解手术学杂志,2005,14(4):229-230.
53. Yokozaw. 绿茶多酚和食用纤维对糖尿病性肾病大鼠肾损伤的抑制作用[J]. 国外医药·植物药分册,2006,21(1):31.
54. 马仁强, 陈利国, 陈健文, 等. 黄丹益肾胶囊对糖尿病肾病大鼠的防治作用实验研究[J]. 中成药,2005,27(2):195-198.
55. 李桂娥, 卢满祥, 苏翠娴, 等. 通心络对糖尿病肾病血流变学和尿蛋白的影响[J]. 现代食品与药品杂志,2006,16(5):22-23.
56. 黄河清, 刘培庆, 黄文革, 等. 糖脉安泰对糖尿病肾病大鼠血脂及肾功能的影响[J].中成药,2005,27(1):62-64.
57. 孔祥明, 梁炜. 大黄糖肾胶囊对早期糖尿病肾病的临床疗效[J]. 现代医学,2002,30(6):363-365.
58. 魏连波, 栗德林, 叶任高, 等. 大黄蛰虫丸对非胰岛素依赖型Ⅳ期糖尿病肾病Ⅷ因子相关抗原及纤维蛋白原的影响[J]. 中成药,2002,24(5):357-359.
59. 魏群利, 陆晓和, 夏曙辉, 等. 消可宁对早期糖尿病肾病患者体内转化生长因子β1水平的调节[J]. 中国临床康复,2006,10(39):116-118.
60. 王立红, 刘玉宁, 郭立中. 肾康注射液对糖尿病肾病大鼠细胞外基质影响的实验研究[J]. 中国中医药科技,2005,12(2):77-78.
61. 刘玉宁, 郭立中, 叶传蕙. 肾康注射液防治糖尿病肾病肾小球硬化的实验研究[J].中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2001,2(9S):48.
62. 杜婧, 陈慧, 张毓芳, 等.肾康注射液对高糖培养系膜细胞肥大的影响.西北国防医学杂志,2005,26(6):440-442.
63. 林兰, 倪青, 刘喜明, 等. 糖微康对糖尿病大鼠肾脏结构和功能保护作用的机理研究[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2000,6(4):49-50.
64. 林兰, 倪青, 刘喜明, 等. 糖微康对糖尿病大鼠肾功能的保护作用药效学研究[J]. 中国中药杂志,2003,28(1):62-66.
65. 魏军平, 郭力, 林兰. 糖微康对糖尿病大鼠肾皮质TIMP-1表达的影响[J]. 中医药学刊,2003,21(11):1820-1821.
66. 邓悦, 李才, 赵贤俊, 等. 糖尿病大鼠肾脏PPARγmRNA表达及解毒通络保肾胶囊干预研究[J]. 中医药学刊,2006,24(9):1629-1631.
67. 闫凤杰, 邓悦, 李才, 等. 解毒通络保肾胶囊对糖尿病大鼠肾脏超微结构的影响[J].中国中医药科技,2006;13(2):80-82.
68. 邓悦, 李才, 赵贤俊, 等. 解毒通络保肾胶囊干预糖尿病大鼠肾脏病变的机制研究[J]. 中华现代中西医杂志,2005,3(20):1846-1849.
69. 赵贤俊, 李才, 南征, 等. 解毒通络保肾胶囊对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用[J]. 中国临床康复,2005,9(35):178-182.
70. 王耀献, 王立, 司银楚, 等. 止消通脉宁对实验性糖尿病大鼠尿白蛋白排泄率的影响[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2005,11(1):57-59.
71. 高彦彬, 唐代屹, 刘铜华, 等. 止消通脉宁对糖尿病大鼠肾组织晚期糖化终产物的影响[J]. 北京中医药大学学报,2002,25(1):19-21.
72. 高彦彬, 唐代屹, 吕仁和, 等. 止消通脉宁对糖尿病大鼠肾组织糖化终产物受体mRNA表达的调节[J]. 北京中医药大学学报,2001,24(4):16-19.
73. 王耀献, 周建华, 赵进喜, 等. 止消通脉宁对糖尿病大鼠肾小球细胞外基质成分的影响[J]. 北京中医药大学学报,2000,23(6):38-39.
74. 文秀英, 郑龙轶, 许明望, 等. 贞清方对2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏病变的防治作用及其机制[J]. 中国医院药学杂志,2006,26(12):1463-1467.
75. 文秀英, 郑龙轶, 孙立敏, 等. 贞清方对2型糖尿病肾病大鼠PAI-1和TXB2的影响[J]. 中华中医药杂志,2006,21(10):627-626.
76. 马建伟, 徐丽梅, 陈宝, 等. 健肾颗粒剂对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾功能及肾脏组织TGF-β1mRNA 的影响[J]. 中国中医药信息杂志,2004,11(2):125-127.
77. 郑士荣, 张景红, 朱宇清,等. 地灵丹对大鼠糖尿病肾病影响的实验研究[J]. 上海中医药杂志,2006,40(8):62-64.
78. 郑士荣, 朱宇清, 蔡淦, 等. 地灵丹对糖尿病肾病血管内皮及血小板功能的影响[J].上海中医药杂志,1996,10(8):26-28.
79. 李迎霞, 关东升. 中药复方糖肾康对实验性糖尿病大鼠肾组织中TGF—β1mRNA表达的影响[J]. 河南中医学院学报,2006,21(2):26-28.
80. 吕勇, 王亿平, 曹恩泽, 等. 糖肾康颗粒对糖尿病肾病肾损害实验指标影响的研究[J]. 新中医,2006,38(2):44-45.
81. 董晓蕾, 雷作熹, 徐俊, 等. 小四五颗粒对糖尿病肾病(DN)大鼠一氧化氮(NO)血脂变化的实验研究[J]. 中国血液流变学杂志,2004,14(3):299-300.
82. 雷作熹, 罗仁, 赵晓山, 等.小四五颗粒对糖尿病大鼠肾脏肾素-血管紧张素系统的影响[J]. 广州中医药大学学报,2005,22(5):389-392.
83. 柴可夫, 柴瑞, 王亚丽, 等. 糖肾汤对高糖下肾小球系膜细胞TGF-β1表达影响的实验研究[J]. 中国中医药科技,2005,12(4):211-213.
84. 柴可夫, 柴瑞, 王亚丽. 糖肾汤对大鼠肾小球系膜细胞增殖的影响[J]. 中国临床康复,2005,9(39):184-185.
85. 周雪梅, 陈雪功, 张琼玉. 冬梅饮对早期糖尿病肾病大鼠红细胞醛糖还原酶影响的实验研究[J]. 中医研究,2006,19(3):20-22.
86. 陈雪功, 周雪梅, 张琼玉, 等. 冬梅饮对早期糖尿病肾病大鼠肾组织非酶糖基化终产物影响的实验研究[J]. 中国中医基础医学杂志,2006,12(11):829-830.
87. 赵玲, 刘英鹰, 闵晓莉, 等. 糖毒清对糖尿病肾功能不全大鼠肾脏病理变化的影响[J]. 中医药学刊,2006,24(11):2048-2049.
88. 赵玲, 黄春林, 卢富华. 糖毒清对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾组织TGF-β1mRNA 及PAI-1表达的影响[J]. 广东医学,2006,27(2):188-189.
89. 张兰, 朱志强, 牛西武, 等. 中药复方对糖尿病大鼠血浆内皮素、血清一氧化氮的影响[J]. 中国中医药信息杂志,2006,13(10):30-31.
90. 姚祈, 张兰. 中药复方对糖尿病大鼠肾脏TGF-β1mRNA表达的影响[J]. 辽宁中医杂志,2006,33(5):631-631.
1. Jacobson S H, Egberg N, Hylander B, et al. Correlation between soluble markers ofendothelial dysfunction in patients with renal failure[J]. Am J Nephrol, 2002, 22 (1):42-47.
2. 温绍君, 刘洁琳.血管内皮细胞功能研究概况[J]. 生殖医学杂志,2005, 14(5):310-313.
3. 戴瑞鸿, 李勇, 范维琉, 等. 保护内皮细胞功能在防治心血管疾病中的重要作用[J].国际心血管杂志,2000,2(4):328-332.
4. PasykKA,JakobczakBA.Vascularendothelium:recentadvances[J].EurJDermatol,2004,14(4):209-213.
5. Galley HF, Webster NR. Physiology of the endothelium[J]. Br J Anaesth, 2004, 93 (1):105-113.
6. Basile DP, Donohoe D, Roethe K, et al. Renal ischemic injury resultsin pemanentdamage to peritubular capillary and influences long term function. Am J Physiol, 2001,281:F887-F899.
7. KriskergJI,KamovskyMJ.Glomerularcellsinculture[J].KidneyInt,1983,23:493-513.
8. OngACM,FineLG.Lossofglomerularfunctionandtubulointerstitialfibrosis:Causeoreffect[J]?KidneyInt,1994,45:345-351.
9. HaH,LeeHB.Oxidativestressindiabeticnephropathybasicandclinicalinformation[J].CurrDiabRep,2001,1(3):282-287.
10. 杨亦彬, 陈忠霞, 徐昆. 糖尿病血管内皮损害标志物的检测及其与尿白蛋白的关系[J]. 医师进修杂志,2005,28(5):21-23.
11. Koc M, Bihorac A, Segal M S. Circulating endothelial cells as potential markers of thestate of the endothelium in hemodialysis patients [J] . Am J Kidney Dis, 2003, 42 (4):704-712.
12. Kaiser N, Sasson S, Feener EP, et al. Diferential regulation of glucose transport andtransporters by glucose in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells[J]. Diabetes,1993:42(1):80-89.
13. Giardino1,EdelsteinD,BrownleeM.Nonenzymaticglycosylationinvitroandinbovineendothelial cells alters basic fibroblast growth factor activity. A model for intracellularglycosylationindiabetes[J].JClinInvest,1994,94(1):110-117.
14. Kado S, Wa Katsu Kit, Yamamoto M, et al. Expression of intercellular adhesionmolecule-1inducedbyhigh glucoseconcentrations inhumanaorticendot helial cells[J].LifeSci,2001,68(7):727-737.
15. Lee LK, Meyer TW, Pollock AS, et al. Endothelial cell injury initiates glomerularsclerosisintheratremnantkidney[J].JClinInvest,1995,96(2):953-964.
16. 刘红燕, 林碧, 余劲明. 胰岛素抵抗与糖尿病肾病的关系[J]. 广西医学, 2005, 27(12):1920-1922.
17. AljadaA,DandonaP.Effectofinsulinonhumanaorticendothelialnitricoxidesynthase[J].Metabolism,2000,49(2):147-150.
18. Pinkney JH, Stehouwer CD, Coppack SW, et al. Endothelial dysfunction : cause of theinsulinresistancesyndrome[J].Diabetes,1997,46(Suppl2):S9-S13.
19. McGarry JD. Banting lecture 2001: dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism in theetiologyoftype2diabetes[J].Diabetes,2002,51(1):7-18.
20. 华军益, 胥昀, 何煜舟. 高浓度葡萄糖和低密度脂蛋白对血管内皮细胞的协同损伤及 NO 释放的影响[J]. 浙江临床医学,2005,7(11):1126-1127.
21. 刘景生主编. 细胞信息与调控[M]. 北京:北京医科大学中国协和医科大学,1998:57.
22. St rutz F, Zeisberg M, Renziehausen A, et al. TGF-β1 induces proliferation in humanrental fibroblasts via induction of basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) [J]. Kidney Int,2001,59(2):579-592.
23. Schena FP, Gesualdo L. Pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy[J].J AM SocNephrol.2005,16(Suppl1):S30-3.
24. Wolf G, Chen S, Ziyadeh FN. From the periphery of glumerular capillary wall towardthecenterofdisease:podocyteinjurycomesofageindiabeticnephropathy[J].Diabetes,2005,54(6):1626-34.
25. Mori T, Shimizu A, Masuda Y, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor-stimulating endothelialcell growth and accele-rating glomerular capillary repair in experimental progressiveglomerulonephritis[J].NephronExpNephrol,2003,94(2):e44-e54.
26. Mizuno S, Nakamura T. Suppressions of chronic glomerular injuries and TGF-beta1production by HGF in attenuation of murine diabetic nephropathy[J]. Am J PhysiolRenalPhysiol,2004,286(1):F134-F143.
27. Dai C, Li Y, Yang J, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor preserves beta cell mass andmitigates hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice[J]. J Biol Chem, 2003,278(29):27080-27087.
28. Josep M. Cruzado, Nuria Lloberas. Regression of advanced dabetic nephropathy byhepatocytegrowthfactorgenetherapyinrats[J].Diabetes,2004,53(4):1119-1127.
29. 林昶, 李郑芳, 于南南, 等. 2 型糖尿病患者糖尿病肾病与血脂异常的关系[J]. 实用糖尿病杂志,2004,12(2):12-13.
30. Junwei Yang, Chunsun Dai, Youhua Liu. A novel mechanism by which hepatocytegrowth factor blocks tubular epithelial to mesenchy-mal ransition[J].Am Soc Nephrol,2005,16(1):68-78.
31. 何伟, 李英. 降钙素基因相关肽和内皮素与糖尿病肾病的关系[J]. 中华糖尿病杂志,2005,13(1):74-76.
32. 王绪栋, 张平, 张承芳. 一氧化氮与糖尿病[J]. 社区医学杂志,2006,4(6):45-46.
33. 王国宏, 袁申元, 边延涛. 糖尿病大鼠心肌血管紧张素II和一氧化氮的动态变化[J].微循环学杂志,2001,11(2):3-6.
34. 徐一甄, 方京冲, 沈稚舟, 等. 一氧化氮与糖尿病大鼠心脏病变的关系[J]. 复旦学报·医学科学版,2001,28(5):441-442.
35. Chan NN, Vallance P, Colhoun HM. Nitric oxide and vascular responses in TypeIdiabetes[J].Diabetologia,2000,43(2):137-147.
36. 曹剑, 李小鹰. 血管内皮功能研究现状[J].中华老年心脑血管病杂志, 2002, 4(3):206.
37. AielloosS,RemuzziG,NorrisM.Nitricoxide/endothelinbalanceafternephronreduction[J].KidneyIntSuppl,1998,65:S63-S67.
38. Ferrara N. Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in the regulation of angiogenesis[J].KidneyInt,1999,56:794-814.
39. Bortolos E,Del PD, Gambaro G, et al. Vascular endot helial growth factor (VEGF) andVEGFrecePtorindiabeticnephropathy: expressionstudies biopsies type 2diabeticpati-ents[J].RenFail,2001,23(3-4):483.
40. Guo N, Krutzsch HC, Inman JK, et al. Thrombospondin-1 and type 1 repeat peptides ofthrombospondin-1 specificially induce apoptosis of endothelial cells [J]. Cancerres,1997,57:1735-1742.
41. Hodgkinson AD, Millwand BA, Demaine AG. Polymorphism of the glucose transporter(GLUT1) gene are associated with diabetic nephropathy[J]. KineyInt, 2001, 59(3):985.
42. Sridulyakul P, Chakraphan D,Patumraj S .Vitamin C supplementation could reversediabetes-induced endothelial cell dysfunction in mesenteric icrocirculation in STZ-rats[J].ClinHemorheolMicrocirc,2006,34(1-2):315-321.
43. Horning B, Arakawa N, Kohler C, et al. Vitamin C improves endothelial function ofconduit arteries in patients with chronic heart failure [J]. Circulation, 1998, 97(4):363-368.
44. Bocchi EF, Vilella de Morales AV, Esterves-Filho A, et al. L-arginine reduces heart rateand improves hemodynamics in severe heart failure[J]. Clin Cardiol, 2000, 23(3):205-210.
45. CoyleCH,KaderKN.MechanismsofH2O2-inducedoxidativestressinendothelialcellsexposedtophysiologicshearstress[J].ASAIOJ,2007,53(1):17-22.
46. 金茹, 张益前, 张华, 等. 苯那普利对糖尿病肾病患者肾脏保护作用的机制[J]. 中国临床药学杂志,2005,14(3):175-177.
47. Slaninka-MiceskaM,BogdanskaJ,KornetiP,etal.EffectofangiotensinIItype1(AT1)receptor antagonist on the endothelial dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats incorrelationwiththenitricoxidesystem[J].BratislLekListy,2003,104(11):342-346.
48. 尹青桥, 夏瑗瑜, 李相友. 缬沙坦对糖尿病肾病患者血管内皮功能的影响[J]. 中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2006,7(5):287-288.
49. 龚广厚, 张怀忠, 王曙光, 等. 阿托伐他汀对糖尿病肾病高脂蛋白(a)血症、血管内皮功能的影响[J]. 江苏药学与临床研究,2006,14(1):44-45.
50. 何伟, 李英, 胡志娟, 等. 内皮素受体拮抗剂益米乐对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用[J]. 疑难病杂志,2005,4(1):4-6.
51. 姚伟峰, 黄雌友. 胰激肽释放酶治疗2型糖尿病早期肾病的疗效[J]. 江苏医药,2006,32(1):71-72.
52. 孙立娟, 刘锐, 卢丹. 脂微球前列腺素E1对糖尿病肾病内皮细胞功能、纤溶活性及尿蛋白的影响[J]. 中国老年学杂志,2006,26(8):1037-1038.
53. Ergul A, Johansen JS, Stromhaug C, et al. Vascular dysfunction of Venous bypassconduits is mediated by reactive oxygen species in diabetes: role of endothelin-1[J].PhannacolExpTiler,2005,313:70-7.
54. 宋恩峰, 贾汝汉, 欧敏, 等.2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏血管内皮生长因子的表达和黄芪的调节作用[J]. 北京中医药大学学报,2004,27(4):57-60.
55. 俞浩, 沈业寿, 刘海鹏. 丹皮多糖-2b对糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏保护作用及机制的研究[J]. 中国中医药科技,2006,13(3):177-178.
56. 吕勇, 王亿平, 曹恩泽, 等. 糖肾康颗粒对糖尿病肾病肾损害实验指标影响的研究[J]. 新中医,2006,38(2):44-45.
57. 李占林, 高永荣, 王惠锋, 等. 四黄汤对早期糖尿病肾病大鼠功能的影响[J]. 时珍国医国药 2006,17(4):571-572.
58. 姚勇利, 白秀玲. 参芪扶正注射液对糖尿病肾病早期的影响[J]. 青海医药杂志,2006,36(5):12-14.
1. Van Zwieten PA, Kam KL, Pijl AJ, et al. Hypertensive diabetic rats in pharmacologicalstudies[J].Pharmacol,1996,33(2):95-105.
2. Schafer S, Linz W, Bube A, et al. Vasopeptidase inhibition prevents nephropathy inZuckerdiabeticfattyrats[J].CardiovascRes,2003,60(2):447-454.
3. Janssen U, Phillips AO, Floege J. Rodent models of nephropathy associated with type Ⅱdiabetes[J].JNephrol,1999,12(3):159-172.
4. Gartner K. Glomerular hyperfiltration during the onset of diabetes mellitus in two strainsofdiabeticmice(C57BL/6jdb/dbandC57BL/ksjdb/db)[J].Diabetologia,1978,15(1):59.
5. Kobayashi K, Forte TM, Taniguchi S, et al. The db/db mouse, a model for diabeticdyslipidemia:molecular characterization and effects of Western diet feeding[J]. Metab-olism,2000,49(1):22-31.
6. Makino H, Miyamoto Y, Sawai K, et al.Altered gene expression related to glomenlo-genesis and podocyte structure in early diabetic nephropathy of db/db mice and itsrestorationbypioglitazone[J].Diabetes,2006,55:2747-2756.
7. Allen TJ, Cooper ME, Lan HY. Use of Genetic Mouse Models in the Study of DiabeticNephropathy[J].CurrDiabRep,2004,4(6):435-440.
8. Maeda M, Yabuki A, Suzuki S, et al. Renal lesions in spontaneous insulin-dependentdiabetes mellitus in the nonobese diabetic mouse:acute phase of diabetes[J].Vet Pathol,2003,40(2):187-195.
9. KavaRA,West DB, LukasikVA,et al.Sexual dimorphism ofhyperglycemiaandglucosetoleranceinWistarfattyrats[J].Diabetes,1989,38(2):159.
10.Lam-Tse WK, Lernmark A, Drexhage HA. Animal models of endocrine/organ-specificautoimmune diseases: do they really help us to understand human autoimmunity[J]?SpringerSeminImmunopathol,2002,24(3):297.
11.陈丽萌, 李学旺, 黄利伟, 等.2型糖尿病小鼠(KKAy)动物模型的鉴定和早期肾脏病理改变. 中国医学科学院学报[J],2002,24(1):71-75.
12.陈丽萌, 李学旺, 黄利伟, 等. 2型糖尿病KKAy模型小鼠肾脏中TGF-β及其受体和细胞外基质蛋白表达的关系[J]. 基础医学与临床,2004,24(4):422-427.
13.Pavan MV, Ghin B, Castro M, et al. Prevention of hypertension attenuates albuminuriaand renal expression of fibronectin in diabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats [J]. Am JNephrol,2003,23(6):422-428.
14.GrossML,RitzE,SchoofA,etal.ComparisonofrenalmorphologyinthestreptozotocinandtheSHR/N-cpmodelsofdiabetes[J].LabInvest,2004,84:452-464.
15.Ruggenenti P, Remuzzi G . The diagnosis of renal involvement in non- insulin-depend-entdiabetesmellitus[J].CurrOpinNephrolHypertens,1997,6(2):141.
16.Melez KA , Harrison LC ,Gilliam JN,et al .Diabetes is associated with autoimmunity intheNewZealandobese(NZO)mouse[J].Diabetes,1980,29(10):835.
17.Anunciado RV, Imamura T, et al. Developing a new model for non-insulin dependentdiab- etes mellitus(NIDDM)by using the Philippine wild mouse,Mus musculus castaneus[J].ExpAnim,2000,49(1):1.
18.RazI,WexlerI,WeissO,etal.RoleofinsulinandtheIGFsysteminrenalhypertr-ophyin diabetic Psammomys obesus ( sand rat) [J]. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2003, 18(7):1293-1298.
19.Chearskul S, Charoenlarp K, Thongtang V, et al. Studyof plasma hormones and lipids inhealthyelderlyThais compared to patients with chronic diseases:diabetes mellitus, essen-tialhypertensionandcoronaryheartdisease[J].JMedAssocThai,2000,83(3):266.
20.Yokozawa T, Nakagawa T, Wakaki K, et al. Animal model of diabetic nephropathy[J].ExpToxicolPathol,2001,53(5):359.
21.Osterby R, Gundersen HJ. Glomerular size and structure in diabetes mellitus.Ⅰ. Earlyabnormalities[J].Diabetologia,1975,11(3):225-229.
22.Raptis AE, Viberti G,Pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy[J]. Exp Clin EndocrinolDiabetes,2001,109(suppl2):S424.
23.Gundersen HJ, Osterby R.Glomerular size and structure in diabetes mellitus.Ⅱ.Lateabnormalities[J].Diabetologia,1977,13(1):43-48.
24.Marcelo A N, Stewart F, Richard JR, et al. Initial characterization of a rat model ofdiabeticnephropathy[J].Diabetes,2004,53(3):735-742.
25.KellyDJ,Wilkinson-BerkaJL,AllenTJ,etal.Anewmodelofdiabeticnephropathywithprogressive renal impairment in the transgenic (mRen-2) 27 rat (TGR)[J]. Kidney Int,1998,54:343-352.
26.Yamamoto Y, Kato I, Doi T,et al. Development and prevention of advanced diabeticnephropathyinRAGE-overexpressingmice[J].JClinInvest,2001,108:261-268.
27.Wogensen L, Nielsen CB, Hjorth P, et al. Under control of the Ren-1c promoter, locallyproduced transforming growth factor-beta1 induces accumulation of glomerularextracellularmatrixintransgenicmice[J].Diabetes,1999,48(1):182-192.
28.Trachtman H,Futterweit S, Pine E,et al. Chronic diabetic nephropathy: role of induciblenitricoxidesynthase[J].PediatrNephrol,2002,17(1):20-29.
29.Ng DP, Hardy CL, Burns WC, et al. Prevention of diabetes-induced albuminuria intransgenicratsoverexpressinghumanaldosereductase[J].Endocrine,2002,18(1):47-56.
30.Pugliese G, Pricci F, acobini C, et al.Accelerated diabetic glomerulopathy in galectin-3/AGEreceptor3knockoutmice[J].FASEB,2001,15:2471-2479.
31.吴永贵, 林善锬, 周江华, 等. 苯那普利对糖尿病大鼠肾小管-间质损伤的保护作用及机制[J]. 中华内分泌代谢杂志,2003,19(5):406-407.
32.郭啸华, 刘志红, 李恒, 等. 高糖高脂饮食诱导的 2 型糖尿病大鼠模型及其肾病特点[J]. 中国糖尿病杂志,2002,10(5):290-294.
33.Forbes JM, Cooper ME, Thallas V, et al. Reduction of the accumulation of advancedglycationendproductsbyACEinhibitioninexperimentaldiabeticnephropathy[J].Diab-etes,2002,51(11):3274-3282.
34.Mumtaz FH,Dashwood MR,KhanMA,et al.Down-regulationofnitricoxidesynthaseinthe diabetic rabbit kidney:potential relevance to the early pathogenesis of diabetic neph-ropathy[J].CurrMedResOpin,2004,20(1):1-6.
35.Junod A, Lambert AE, Orci L, et al. Studies of the diabetogenicaction of streptozotocin[J].ProcSocExpBiolMed,1967,126:201.
36.Wei P, Lane PH, Lane JT, et al. Glomerular structural and functional changes in a high-fat diet mouse model of early-stage type 2 diabetes[J] . Diabetologia, 2004, 47 (9):1541 -1549.
37.Like AA, Rossini AA. Streptozotocin-induced pancreatic insulitis: new model of diabeticmellitus[J].Science,1976,193(4251):415-417.
38.Rabinovitch A, Suarez-pinzon WL Cytokines and their roles in pancreatic islet beta-celldestruction and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus Biochem[J]. Pharmacol, 1998, 55:1139-49.
39.张芳林, 李果, 刘优萍, 等. 2 型糖尿病大鼠模型的建立及其糖代谢特征分析[J]. 中国实验动物学报,2002,10(1):16-20.
40.杨亦彬, 张翥, 苏克亮, 等. 链脲佐菌素诱导大鼠糖尿病肾病模型的方法学探讨[J].华西医学,2005,20(2):299-300.
41.高鑫, 左静南, 侯积寿, 等. 实验性糖尿病大鼠早期肾脏结构和功能改变[J]. 中华肾脏病杂志,1989,5:71-75.
42.陈澍, 刘雪芳. 链脲佐菌素诱导大鼠糖尿病肾病模型的建立[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2006,22(11):1239-1240.
43.梁海荣, 唐焕文, 罗皓链, 等. 链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠肾病模型的建立[J]. 应用预防医学,2006,12(3):133-135.
44.Anderson S, kennke HG, Garcia DL, et al. Short and long term effects of Antihyper-tensivetherapyinthediabeticrat[J].KidneyInt,1989,36(4):526-363.
45.张亚非.Ⅱ型糖尿病实验模型[J]. 国外医学卫生学分册,2000,27(6):328-335.
46.郭啸华, 刘志红, 李恒, 等.高糖高脂饮食诱导的 2 型糖尿病大鼠模型及其肾病特点[J]. 中国糖尿病杂志,2002,10(5):290-294.
47.刘宽芝, 焦秀敏, 李静波, 等. 葛根素和缬沙坦对 2 型糖尿病大鼠肾脏保护作用的对比研究[J]. 中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2004,5(2):75-77.
48.李华, 贾汝汉, 邱昌建. 环加氧酶2在2型糖尿病大鼠肾病中的表达及意义[J].实用医学杂志,2004,20(4)368-370.
49.陈玲, 贾汝汉, 丁国华, 等. 作用及其机制探讨[J]. 中华肾脏病杂志,2003,19(3):168-172.
50.杨秀伟, 王多佳. 四氧嘧啶与自由基反应[J]. 国外医学内分泌分册,1994,14(3):144.
51.刘洪艳, 周建平.KM、ICR、NIH三品系小鼠四氧嘧啶法致糖尿病动物模型的比较[J].实验动物科学与管理,2002,19(3):12-13.
52.朱昆, 潘洪涛, 罗萍, 等. 四氧嘧啶诱发兔糖尿病模型的胰岛素管理及糖尿病肾病模型建立[J]. 吉林医学,2006,27(9):1010-1011.
53.黄松. 糖尿病动物模型研究现状及进展[J]. 广西医学,2002,24(1):46-48.
54.赵进喜, 孙军, 李伯光, 等. 糖尿病肾病病理学模型及中药止消通脉宁作用机制研究[M].《DM 及其并发症的中医药研究进展》第一版. 北京:中国中医药出版社,1996:62-65.
55.王谦, 龚慕辛, 赵辉, 等. 消渴颗粒剂对糖尿病肾病大鼠血糖、血脂含量的影响[J].中国病理生理杂志,2003,19(5):664-667.
56.SteffesMW,BrownDM, MauerSW.Diabeticglomerulopathyfollowingunilateralnephr-ectomyintherat[J].Diabetes,1978,27(1):35-41.
57.Aoyama I, Shimokata K, Niwa T. An oral absorbent downregulates renal expression ofgenes that promoteinterstitial inflammationandfibrosis indiabeticrats[J].Nephro,2002,92:635-651.
58.Arderson S, Kennke HG, Brenner BM. Nifedipine veresus fosino-pril in urinephrectomi-zeddiabeticrats[J].KidneyInt,1992,41:891-897.
59.宋恩峰, 贾汝汉, 欧敏, 等. 2 型糖尿病大鼠肾脏血管内皮生长因子的表达和黄芪的调节作用[J]. 北京中医药大学学报,2004,27(4):57-60.
60.王新, 唐方. 单侧肾脏结扎术+链脉佐菌素诱导糖尿病肾病动物模型建立方法的探讨[J]. 天津医科大学学报,2006,12(1):18-20.
61.查冬青, 吴小燕, 徐联芳, 等. 两种 2 型糖尿病肾病动物模型的比较[J]. 武汉大学学报(医学版),2006,27(2):253-255.
62.邢淑丽, 郑君芙, 黄文政. 单侧肾切除STZ诱导糖尿病肾病大鼠动物模型研究[J]. 中国中医急症,2006,15(6):643-645.
1. 王焘. 外台秘要方[M]. 北京:人民卫生出版社,1958,303.
2. 赵进喜, 邓德强, 李靖. 糖尿病肾病相关中医病名考辨[J]. 南京中医药大学学报,2005,21(5):288-289.
3. 吕仁和. 糖尿病及其并发症中西医诊治学[M]. 北京:人民卫生出版社, 1977: 128-130,328.
4. 吕仁和, 赵进喜, 王世东. 糖尿病及其并发症的临床研究[J]. 新中医,2001,33(3):3-5.
5. 赵进喜. 糖尿病及其并发症中医药防治现状与前景展望[J]. 中华中医药杂志, 2003,2:1-5.
6. Schrijvers B F, Flyvbjerg A, AN S. DE Vriese. The role of vascular endothelial gowthfactor(VEGF)inrenalpathophysiology[J].KidneyInt,2004,65:2003-2017.
7. 赵进喜主编. 内分泌代谢病中西医诊治[M]. 第1版. 沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社, 2004,198-214.
8. 赵进喜, 牟新, 王世东, 等. 止消通脉宁颗粒治疗糖尿病肾病肾功能不全代偿期33例疗效观察[J]. 河南中医,2004,24(8):20-22.
9. 牟新, 姜淼, 宋美铃. 赵进喜教授治疗糖尿病肾病经验介绍[J]. 新中医, 2005, 37(11):15-16.
10.赵进喜.《伤寒论》“六经钤百病”探识[J]. 中医药学刊,2005,23(2):210-211,226.
11.赵进喜. 糖尿病及其并发症与辨体质、辨病、辨证“三位一体”辨证模式[J]. 河北中医,2004,26(10):785-786.
12.王本祥. 现代中药药理学[M]. 天津:天津科学技术出版社,1997,1175-8.
13.李英, 吴文清, 张益民, 等. 野黄芪甙对糖尿病大鼠肾脏蛋白激酶C毒性作用的研究[J]. 中华肾脏病杂志,2000,16:89-91.
14.程晖, 贾汝汉, 刘红燕. 黄芪对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用[J]. 中国医师杂志, 2006,10(8):1349-1351.
15.邱若旗, 王桂玲. 黄芪注射液对糖尿病肾病患者尿白蛋白及TGF-β1的影响[J]. 中国老年学杂志,2006,26(9):1286-1287.
16.鲍翠玉, 郑敏, 赵骥. 黄芪对大运动量训练大鼠内皮功能及心肌超微结构的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2006,25(1):87-89.
17.夏卫军, 程海波, 张莉. 鬼箭羽治疗2型糖尿病实验研究[J]. 陕西中医, 2001, 22(8):505.
18.郎素梅, 朱丹妮, 余伯阳, 等. 中药鬼箭羽降糖有效部位的药效学和化学研究[J]. 中国药科大学学报,2003,34(2):128.
19.杨海燕, 王秋娟, 朱丹妮, 等. 中药鬼箭羽提取物对脂肪细胞葡萄糖摄取作用的影响[J]. 中国天然药物,2004,2(6):365-368.
20.尚文斌, 程海波, 唐含艳. 鬼箭羽对糖尿病小鼠血糖及全血粘度的影响[J]. 南京中医药大学学报(自然科学版),2000,16(3):166.
21.尹贵宇, 杨金平. 鬼箭羽药理学研究浅谈[J]. 黑龙江医药,2006,19(4):300-301.
22.黄德斌. 鬼见羽70%醇提取物对速发型和迟发型变态反应抑制作用的实验研究[J].中国药理学通报,2003,19(6):686-688.
23.黄德斌, 余昭芬. 鬼见羽主要提取物的抗氧化作用[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2006, 22(6):720-721.
24.谷树珍. 鬼箭羽醇提物的抑菌、抗炎作用研究[J]. 湖北民族学院学报·医学版, 2006,23(1):17-19.
1 Adlers. Structure-function relationships in diabetic nephropathy: lesions and limitation[J].KidneyInt,1997,52(1):42-45.
2 Hostetter TH. Hyperfiltration in remnant nephrons: a potentially adverse response torenalablation[J].AmJPhysiol,1981,241:F85-F91.
3 SteffesMW,BrownDM,MauerSW.Diabeticglomerulopathyfollowingunilateralnephrectomyintherat[J].Diabetes,1978,27(1):35-41.
4 Aoyama I, Shimokata K, Niwa T. An oral absorbent downregulates renal expression ofgenes that promote interstitial inflammation and fibrosis in diabetic rats[J]. Nephro,2002,92:635-651.
5 ArdersonS,KennkeHG,BrennerBM.Nifedipineveresusfosino-prilinUrinephrectomi-zeddiabeticrats[J].KidneyInt,1992,41:891-897.
6 Gosgnach W, Challah M, Coulet F, et al. Shear stress induces angio tensin convertingenzyme expression in cultured smooth musclecells: possibleinvolvement of bFGF[J].CardiovascRes,2000,45(2):486-492.
7 Schena FP, Gesualdo L. Pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy[J]. J Am SocNephrol,2005,Suppl1:S30-33.
8 Sakurai K, Cominacini L, Garbin U, et al. Induction of Endothelin-1 Production inEndothelial Cells Via Co-Operative Action Beween CD40 and Lectin-like OxidizedLDLReceptor(LOX-1)[J].JCardiovascPharmacol,2004,44:S173-S180.
9 邢淑丽, 郑君芙, 黄文政. 单侧肾切除 STZ 诱导糖尿病肾病大鼠动物模型研究[J].中国中医急症,2006,15(6):643-645.
10 Mogensen CE,Microalbuminuria as a predictor of clinical diabetic nephropathy[J].KidneyInt.1987,31:67-75.
11 耿宝琴. 血管紧张素Ⅱ1 型受体拮抗剂-氯沙坦的研究进展[J]. 浙江实用医学, 2006,11(1):1-5.
12 WhiteM, Racine N, Ducharm A, et al. Therapeutic potential of angiotensin Ⅱ receptorantagonists[J].ExpertOpinInvestigDrugs,2001,10(9):1687-1701.
13 Dick de Zeeuw, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Hans-Henrik Parving, Proteinuria, a target for reno-protection in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy ,Lessons from RENAAL[J].KidneyInternational,2004,65(6):1-5.
14 Rossing K, Christensen PK, Andersen S, et al. Comparative effects of Irbesartan onambulatoryandoffice bloodpressure: a substudyof ambulatoryblood pressurefrom theIrbesartan in Patientswith Type 2 Diabetes and Microalbuminuria study[J]. DiabetesCare,2003,26(3):569-574.
15 倪连松, 郑景晨, 汪大望, 等. 氦沙坦对糖尿病大鼠肾皮质血管紧张素Ⅱ2 型受体及诱生型一氧化氮合酶基因表达的影响[J]. 中国药理学与毒理学杂志, 2006, 20(4):334-338.
16 Viberti G, Wheeldon NM. Microalbuminuria reduction with valsartan in patients withtype 2 diabetes mellitus a blood pressure-independent effect[J]. Circulation, 2002, 106:672-678.
17 Parving HH, Lehnert H, Brochner-Mortensen J, et al. The effect of irbesartan on thedevelopment of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes[J]. N Engl J Med,2001,345:870-878.
18 SATOHM,FUJ IMOTOS,HARUNAY,etal.NAD(P)Hoxidaseanduncouplednitric oxidesynthase are major sources of glomerular superoxide in rats with experi-mentaldiabeticnephropathy[J].AmJPhysiolRenalPhysiol,2005,288(6):F1144-1152.
19 LEEHEYDJ,ISREBMA,MARCICS,etal.Effectofhighglucoseonsuperoxideinhumanmesangialcells:roleofangiotensin Ⅱ [J].NephronExpNephrol,2005,100(1):46-53.
20 Scheen AJ. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus through inhibition of the ReninAngiotensinsystem[J].Drugs,2004,64(22):2537-2565.
21 BoffaJJ,LuY,PlacierS,etal.Regressionofrenalvascularandglomerularfibrosis:roleof angiotensin Ⅱ receptor antagonism and matrixmetallop roteinases[J]. J Am SocNephrol,2003,14(5):1132-1144.
22 吴甘霖, 贾汝汉, 杨定平, 等. 厄贝沙坦对糖尿病鼠造影剂肾损害氧化应激和iNOS的影响[J]. 武汉大学学报·医学版,2006,27(3):354-357, 插 1.
23 DzauVJ,BernsteinK,CelermajerD,etal.Therelevanceoftissueangiotensinconver-tingenzyme:manifestationsinmechanisticandendpointdata[J].AmJCardiol,2001,88(Suppl):1L-20L.
24 DzauVJ.Tissueangiotensinandpathobiologyofvasculardisease:aunifyinghypothesis[J].Hypertension,2001,37:1047-1052.
25 李懿萍, 汪颖南, 邓 红, 等. 氯沙坦对高糖状态下内皮细胞的保护作用及其机制探讨[J]. 浙江大学学报·医学版,2006,35(3):238-244.
26 SicaDA.Combinationangiotensin-convertingenzymeinhibitorandangiotensinreceptorblockertherapy:itsroleinclinicalpractice[J].JClinHypertens,2003;5:414-20.
27 AdersenS,TamowL,CambienF,etal.RenoprotectiveeffectsofLosartanindiabeticnephropathy;nteractionwithACEinsertion/deletiongenotype[J].KidneyInt,2002,62(1):192-198.
28 朱禧星. 现代糖尿病学[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2000:301.
29 The DCCT Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on thedevelopment and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetesmellitus[J].NEnglJMed,1993,329:683-689.
30 UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphony-lureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications inpatientswithtype2diabetes[J].Lancet,1998,352:837-853.
31 Acks DB, Bruns DE, Goldstein DE, et al. Guidelines and recommendations forlaboratory analysis in the diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus.Clin Chem,2002,48:438.
32 PedersenO,GaedeP.Intensifiedmultifactorialinterventionandcardiovascularoutcomeintype2diabetes:thesteno-2study[J].Metabolism,2003,52:19-23.
33 张 梅, 刘 超. 血糖控制对防治糖尿病及其并发症的临床研究[J]. 循证医学,2006,6(3):170-174.
34 向红丁. 糖尿病肾病的预防措施[J]. 临床内科杂志,2005,22(3):147-149.
35 王爱民.2型糖尿病肾病危险因素分析[J]. 中国现代医学杂志,2005,15(1):116-119.
36 Glass C K, Witztum J L. Atherosclerosis. The road ahead [J]. Cell, 2001, 104(4):503-
516.
37 李 青, 龚细礼, 刘育进. 血脂变化与2型糖尿病肾病的关系[J]. 医学临床研究,2006,23(2):184-187.
38 Endo K, Miyashita Y, Sasaki H, et al. Probucol delays progression of diabeticnephropathy[J].DiabetesResClinPract.2005:8.
39 Hagiwara S, Makita Y, Gu L, et al, Eicosapentaenoic acid ameliorates diabeticnephropathyoftype2diabeticKKAy/Tamice:InvolvementofMCP-1suppressionanddecreasedERK1/2andp38phosphorylation[J].NephrolDialTransplant,2005:10.
40 Yu HY, Inoguchi T, Nakayama M, et al. Statin attenuates high glucose-induced andangiotensin Ⅱ-induced MAP kinase activity through inhibition of NAD(P)Hoxidaseactivityinculturedmesangialcells[J].MedChem,2005,1(5):461-466.
41 蒋国彦. 实用糖尿病学[M]. 北京:人民卫生出版社,1992.256-257.
42 卢志顺, 余晓, 唐俊利, 等. 胆固醇对血管内皮细胞的损伤[J]. 第三军医大学学报.2006,28(16):1679-1683.
43 Hung C C , Jinn YG, Shyi JS, et al. Insulin and heparin suppress super-oxide productionin diabetic rat glomeruli stimulated with low-density lipoprotein[J]. Kidney Int, 2001,59(suppl):124.
44 ThaoHL,ThomasGN,LeungW.Anupdateonthemanagementofnephropathyintype2diabetes[J].ChinMedAssoc,2003,66(11):627-636.
45 MogensenCE,SchmitzO.Thediabetickidney:fromhyperfiltrationandmicroalbuminu-riatoend-stagerenalfailure[J].MedClinNorthAm,1988,72(6):1465-92.
46 Caramori ML, Fioretto P, Mauer M, et al. Enhancing the predictive value of urinaryalbuminfordiabeticnephropathy[J].JAmSocNephrol.2006,17:339-352.
47 BurtonC,HarperSJ,BaileyE,etal.Turnoverofhumantubularcellsexposedtoproteinsinvivoandinvitro.KidneyInt,2001,59:507-511.
48 Eddy. A role of cellular in filtrates in response in response to proteinuria[J]. AM JKidneyDis,2001,37(Suppl2):S25.
1. Erickson AC, Couchman JR. Still more complexity in mammalian basementmembranes[J].JHistoch&Cytoch,2000,48(10):1291-1293.
2. Meyer IJ, Szukics B, Neubauer K, et al. Extracellular matrix proteins as earlymarkers indiabeticnephropathy[J].EurJClinCemClinBiochem,1995,33:211.
3. HovindP,RossingP,TarnowL,etal.Progressionofdiabeticnephropathy[J].KidneyInt,2001,59(2):702-709.
4. 周秋根, 郑法雷. 对胚胎期肾的间充质-上皮细胞分化机制的初步认识[J]. 世界医学杂志,2003,7(9):44-46.
5. Kotajima N, Kimura T, Kanda T, et al. Type Ⅳ collagen as an early marker for diabeticnephropathy in non- insulin dependent diabetes mellitus[J]. J Diab Compl, 2000, 14:13-17.
6. 6 Haneda M, Oshima S, Yoshizawa N. Abnoemality of type Ⅳcollagen metabolism inthedevelopmentondiabeticnephropathy[J].DiabetMed,1993,68(1):45.
7. OkazakiR,MatsuokaK,AtsumiY.Serum concentrationofbasementmembraneproteinsin NIDDM as a prognostic marker for nephropathy[J]. Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 1995,27(1):39.
8. 钟世军, 欧钢卫, 葛正龙. 高糖对原代培养人血管内皮细胞TGF-β基因表达和分泌LN及C-Ⅳ的影响[J]. 基础医学与临床,2004,24(4):428-431.
9. 罗勇. 糖尿病肾病与IV型胶原的关系[J]. 医学理论与实践.2005,18(7):745-748.
10. 陈岗梅, 张魁正. 糖尿病肾病患者血清Ⅳ型胶原和层粘连蛋白的变化和临床价值[J].国际医药卫生导报,2006,12(16):19-20.
11. Chen S, Cohen MP, Lautenslager GT, et al. Glycated albumin stimulates TGF-beta1prod- uction and protein kinase C activity in glomerular endothelial cells[J]. Kidney Int,2001,59:673-681.
12. Sodhi C P, phadke SA, Batlle D, et al. Hypoxia and high glucose cause exaggeratedmesa- ngial cell growth and collagen synthesis: role of osteopontin[J]. Am J PhysiolRenalPhysiol,2001,280:F667-F674.
13. Yamamoto Y, Kato I, Doi T, et al. Development and prevention of mice[J]. J Clin Invest,2001,108:261-268.
14. Zheng F, Cai W, Mitsuhashi T, et al. Lysozyme enhances renal excretion of advancedglycationendproductsinvivoandsuppressesadverseage-mediatedcellulareffectsinvitro: a potential AGE sequestration therapy for diabetic nephropathy[J]? Mol Med,2001,7:737-747.
15. 任现志, 汪受传, 翟文生. 黄芪水蛭及其不同比例配方含药血清对大鼠系膜细胞增殖和分泌Ⅳ型胶原影响的比较研究[J]. 辽宁中医杂志,2006,33(10):1358-1359.
16. 印晓星, 张银娣, 余俊先, 等. 黄芪甲苷与苄达赖氨酸合用对抑制大鼠肾系膜细胞外基质增生的增强作用[J]. 中国药理学通报,2006,22(10):1237-1241.
17. 陶少平, 陈学峰, 孙艳, 等. 黄芪注射液对糖尿病肾病患者血转化生长因子-β1及Ⅳ型胶原水平的影响及其意义[J]. 中国中西医结合肾病杂志,2006,7(3):156-157.
1. 向红丁. 1991~2000年全国住院糖尿病患者慢性并发症回顾性分析[J]. 中国糖尿病杂志,2002,10(增刊):30-32.
2. Joss N, Paterson K R, Deighan CJ, et al. Diabetic nephropathy: how effective istreatmentinclinicalpractice[J].QJMed,2002,95(1):41.
3. Basile DP, Donohoe D, Roethe K, et al. Renal is chemic injury resultsin pemanentdamage to peritubular capillary and influences long term function[J]. Am J Physiol,2001,281:F887-F899.
4. 杨亦彬, 陈忠霞, 徐昆. 糖尿病血管内皮损害标志物的检测及其与尿白蛋白的关系[J]. 医师进修杂志,2005,28(5):21-23.
5. Awad AS, Webb RL, Carey RM, et al. Renal nitric oxide production is decreased indiabetic rats and improved by AT1 receptor blockade [J]. J Hypertens, 2004, 22:1571–1577.
6. 汪茂荣. 一氧化氮与内皮素平衡的破坏对糖尿病肾病的影响[J]. 湖北民族学院学报(医学版),2001,18(3):38-39.
7. AielloS,RemuzziG,NorrisM.Nitricoxide/endothelinbalanceafternephronreduction[J].KidneyIntSuppl.1998,65:S63-S67.
8. Ziolo MT, Bers DM. The real estate of NOS signaling: Location, location, location[J].CirRes,2003,92:1279-1281.
9. ToborekM, Kaiser S. Endothelial cell functions[J]. Basic Res Cardiol, 1999, 94(5): 295.
10. Kasai N, Sugimoto K, horiba N, et al. Effect of D-glucose on nitric oxide release fromglomerularendothelialcells[J].DiabetesMetabRes,2001,17(3):217-222.
11. 刘明花, 孙书珍, 李倩, 等. 实验性糖尿病大鼠肾组织一氧化氮与肾小球高滤过的关系[J]. 实用儿科临床杂志,2005,20(1):44-45.
12. Shin-ichiS,NaomiY,FumikiY,etal.EndothelinAreceptorblockadeandendothelinBreceptorblockadeimprovehypokalemicnephropathybydifferentmechanisms[J].JAmSocNephrol,2003,14:397-406.
13. Quaschning T, d’Uscio LV, Luscher TF, et al. Greater endothelial protection by thevasopeptidase inhibitor omapatrilat compared to the ACE-inhibitor captopril in salt-inducedhypertension[J].JAmCollCardiol,2000,35:248.
14. 何伟, 李英. 降钙素基因相关肽和内皮素与糖尿病肾病的关系[J]. 中华糖尿病杂志,2005,13(1):74-76.
15. Kedzierski RM, Yanagisawa M. Endothelin system: the double edged sword in healthanddisease[J].AnnuRevPharmacolToxicol,2001,41:851-876.
16. Choles HR, Kasinath BS, Gorin Y, et al. Angiotensin II and growth factors in thepathogenesisofdiabeticnephropathy[J].KidneyIntl,2002,62:S8-S11.
17. Wu CG. The relation of plasma endothelin lwels and albumin excretion rate inmicroalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients [J]. J Jiangsu Univ(Med), 2004, (14): 312-4.
18. LemleyKV.AbasisforacceleratedprogressionofdiabeticnephropathyinpimaIndians[J].KidneyInt,2003,63(Suppl83):S38-S42.
19. 张延峰, 王桂英. 内皮素与糖尿病的关系及临床意义[J]. 现代预防医学,2005,32(6):696-697.
20. FujiiT,TakaokaM,OhkitaM,etal.Tempolprotectsagainstischemicacuterenalfailureby inhibiting renal noradrenaline overflow and endothelin-1 overproduction [J]. BiolPharmBull,2005,28:641-645.
21. 王凤玲, 魏剑芬. 血清内皮素水平与 2 型糖尿病微血管病变关系的探讨[J]. 中国综合临床,2007,23(3):234-235.
22. Funatsu H, Yamashita H, Noma H, et al. Risk evaluation of outcome of vitreous surgeryfor proliferative diabetic retinopathy based on vitreous level of vascular endothelialgrowthfactorandangiotensinII[J].Brophthalmol,2004,88:1064-1068.
23. Llorens S, Miranda FJ, Alabady JA, et al. Different role of endothelin ETA and ETBrecaptors and endothelial modulatiors in diabetes induced hyperreactivity of the rabbitcarotidarterytoendothelin-1[J].EurJPhamacol,2004,486:43-51.
24. Hopfner RL, McNeill JR, Gopalakrishnan V. Plasma endothelin levels and vascularresponses at different temporal stages of streptozotocin diabetes [J]. Eur J Pharmacol ,1999,374(2):221.
25. Awad AS, Webb RL, Carey RM, et al. Renal nitric oxide production is decreased indiabetic rats and improved by AT1 receptor blockade[J]. J Hypertens, 2004, 22:1571-1577.
26. SchulzEKeaney,JohnFJ.Oxidativestressandnitricoxidebioavailabilityindiabetes[J].CurrentOpinioninEndocrinology & Diabetes,2003,10:237-244.
27. Raquel L,SpilmanP,etal.Endothelin-1UpregulationintheKidneyofUninephrectomi-zedSpontaneouslyHypertensiveRatsandItsModificationbytheAngiotensionConeve-rtingEnzymeInhibitorQuinapril[J].Hypertension,1997,(29):1178-1185.
28. 方咏红, 张继平, 周少雄, 等.2型糖尿病合并肾病患者血清内皮素含量的临床分析[J]. 第一军医大学学报,2005,25(8):1007-1011.
29. 赵景宏, 黄岚, 王军平, 等. 大鼠肾小球内皮细胞培养及高糖对其分泌 NO 的影响.免疫学杂志,2007,23(1):13-15.
30. 曾芬. 黄芪注射液对早期糖尿病肾脏病变及血浆内皮素的影响[J]. 江西中医药,2005,36(3):26-27.
31. 谢席胜, 黄宗文, 李秀钧, 等. 黄芪对高葡萄糖、游离脂肪酸培养的人血管内皮细胞一氧化氮含量的影响[J]. 中国临床康复,2004,8(30):6683-6685.
1. LiuY.Renalfibrosis:newinsightsintothepathogenesisandtherapeutics[J].KidneyInt,2006,69(20):213-217.
2. MeneP.Recentperspectivesinthemechanismsandtherapyofrenalsclerosis[J].JNephrol,2006,19(4):413-418.
3. NakamuraT.Structureandfunctionofhepatocytegrowthfactor[J].ProgGrowthFactorRes,1991,3(1):67-85.
4. VargasGA,HoeflichA,JehlePM.Hepatocytegrowthfactorinrenalfailure:promiseandreality[J].KidneyInt,2000,57(4):1426-1436.
5. MatsumotoK,NakamuraT.Hepatocytegrowthfactor:renotropicroleandpotential therapeuticsforrenaldisease[J].KidneyInt,2001,59(5):2023-2038.
6. NAKAGAMI H, KANEDA Y, OGIHARA T, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor aspotentialcardiovasculartherapy[J].ExpertRevCardiovascTher,2005,8(3):513-519.
7. EspositoC,ParrillaB,DeMauriA,etal.Hepatocytegrowthfactor(HGF)modulatesmatrixturnoverinhumanglomeruli[J].KidneyInt,2005,67(6):2143-2150.
8. DaiC,YangJ,BastackyS,etal.Intravenousadministrationofhepatocytegrowthfactorgeneameliorates.Diabeticnephropathyinmice[J].JAmSocNephrol,2004,15(10):2637-2647.
9. Zhang X, Yang J, Li Y, et al. Both Sp1 and Smad participate in mediatingTGF-beta1-induced HGF receptor expression in renal epithelial cells [J]. Rev GastroenterolMex,2004,69(4):243-250.
10. 常宝成, 潘从清, 曾淑范, 等. 高血糖对肝细胞生长因子影响的实验研究[J]. 临床荟萃,2006,21,(14):1013-1014.
11. 牟姗, 张庆怡, 倪兆慧, 等. 肝细胞生长因子受体高糖诱导肾间质成纤维细胞中的表达及意义[J]. 中华肾脏杂志,2002,18(3):171-174.
12. Dai C, Li Y, Yang J, et al. Hepatocyte growth factor preserves beta cell mass andmitigateshyperglycemiainstreptozotocin-induceddiabeticmice[J].JBiolChem.2003,278(29):27080-27087.
13. MoriT,ShimizuA,MasudaY,etal.Hepatocytegrowthfactor-stimulatingendothelialcell growth and accelerating glomerular capillaryrepair in experimental progressiveglomerulonephritis[J].NephronExpNephrol.2003,94(2):644-654.
14. Negri AL. Prevention of progressive fibrosis in chronic renal diseases: antifibroticagents[J].JNephrol,2004,17(4):496-503.
15. FranquesaM, AlperovichG,HerreroFresneda I. Direct electrotransferofhHGFgeneinto kidney ameliorates ischemic acute renal failure[J]. Gene Ther, 2005,12(21):1551-1558.
16. 牟姗, 张庆怡, 赵涵芳, 等. 高糖刺激人肾脏成纤维细胞肝细胞生长因子和C-MET的表达及其意义[J]. 中华内分泌代谢杂志,2002,18(4):260-263.
17. 周一军, 王佳贺, 张锦. 肝细胞生长因子抗糖基化终产物诱导内皮细胞凋亡及分子机制[J]. 中国医科大学学报,2006,35(4):367-370.
18. CruzedoJM,LloberasN,TorrasJ,eta1.Regressionofadvanceddiabeticnephropathybyhepatocytegrowthfactorgenetherapyinrats[J].Diabetes2004,53(4):1119-27.
19. Mizuno S, Nakamura t. Suppressions of chronic glomerular injuries and TGF-beta 1production by HGF in attenuation of murinc diabetic nephropathy[J]. Am J PhysiolRenalPhysiol2004,286(1):F134-43.
20. Futrakul N, Butthep P, Patumraj S, et al. Microvascular disease and endothelialdysfunctioninchronickidneydiseases:therapeuticimplication[J].ClinHemorheolMicrocirc,2006,34(1-2):265-271.
21. LiuY.Renalfibrosis:newinsightsintothepathogenesisandtherapeutics[J].KidneyInt,2006,69(20):213-217.
22. Mene P. Recent perspectives in the mechanisms and therapy of renal sclerosis[J]. JNephrol,2006,19(4):413-418.
23. WolfG,ZiyadehFN.Molecularmechanismsofdiabeticrenalhypertrophy[J].KidneyInt,1999,56(2):393-405.
24. FutrakulN,ButthepP,FutrakulP.Biomarkersofendothelialinjuryinfocalsegmentalglomeruloscleroticnephrosis[J].RenFail,2005,27(4):393-395.
25. ZhangA,WangMH,Dong,etal.ZProstaglandinE2isapotentinhibitorofepithelial-to-mesenchymaltransition:interactionwithhepatocytegrowthfactor[J].AmJPhysiolRenalPhysiol,2006,291(6):F1323-F1331.
26. HoshiS,ShuY,YoshidaF,etal.Podocyteinjurypromotesprogressivenephropathyinzuckerdiabeticfattyrats[J].LabInvest,2002,82(1):25-35.
27. FutrakulN,ButthepP,VongthavarawatV,etal.Earlydetectionofendothelialinjuryanddysfunction in conjunction with correction of hemodynamic maladjustment caneffectivelyrestorerenalfunctionintype2diabeticnephropathy[J].ClinHemorheolMicrocirc,2006,34(3):373-381.
28. 宋新文, 邓存良, 盛云建, 等. 血清TGF-1、HGF与慢性乙型肝炎早期肾损伤关系的研究[J]. 西部医学,2005,17(4):291-292.
29. MizunoS,NakamuraT.SuppressionsofchronicglomerularinjuriesandTGF-beta1productionbyHGFinattenuationofmurinediabeticnephropathy[J].AmJPhysiolRenalPhysiol,2004,286(1):F134-F143.
30. MizunoS,NakamuraT.SuppressionsofchronicglomerularinjuriesandTGF-beta1productionbyHGFinattenuationofmurinediabeticnephropathy[J].ExpertOpinBiolTher,2004,4(4):507-518.
31. EitnerF,FloegeJ.Therapeutictargetsforpreventionandregressionofprogressivefibrosingrenaldiseases[J].CurrOpinInvestigDrugs,2005,6(3):255-261.