钛种植体表面改良喷砂处理对其骨性生物相容性影响的实验研究
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摘要
牙种植体已广泛应用于临床，每年有越来越多的病人接受这种治疗，但仍存在着很多难题没有解决，突出地表现为种植体的组织界面问题，从生物材料本身入手，也就是提高材料的生物相容性，是解决的一个根本途径。作者基于对生物材料学发展现状及发展未来的分析，提出“骨性生物相容性”的概念，并认为骨内种植材料在满足基本生物相容性的前提下，在生物组织相容性方面应有利于界面的骨愈合，在生物力学相容性方面应有利于骨界面的应力分布及力学传递。进一步作者从方法学角度引入了生物材料表面学的概念，认为生物材料的表面特性是决定其生物学表现，即生物相容性的重要因素。其中表面形貌对骨内种植材料的骨性生物相容性的影响最为显著。粗糙表面有利于种植体的骨融合及界面的生物力学特性，但何种形式最佳目前尚无定论。我们采用喷砂表面处理方法并对其进行改良，从体外及体内实验角度全面评价了改良喷砂表面对纯钛骨性生物相容性的影响，研究了在钛牙种植体中应用的可靠性及可行性，并在一定程度上揭示了它的作用机理。全文共分5个部分。
一、人胚成骨细胞分离、培养
采用组织块法进行原代分离、培养人胚成骨细胞。取材于6个月引产胎儿头盖骨，剪碎，接种，培养液为含10％胎牛血清、50μ／ml L—抗坏血酸的DMEM培养液。培养5天即有细胞自骨块内游出，12天细胞长满，可以进行传代培养。细胞经形态学和成骨细胞特异性指标鉴定证实为成骨细胞，尤其是透射电镜下见体外钙化结节的形成具有与体内成骨相似的矿化过程以及基本结构。细胞系生长过程稳定期持续时间相对较长(3代至30代)，成骨细胞在稳定期具有稳定的增长速度(倍增时间为36小时)和较强的ALPase活性，并且出现明显的集落生长倾向。提示组织
Dental implants have been widely used in the clinics and more and more patients receive this treatment each year.However,there still exsita lot of problems which lie in the implant—tissue interface. The fundamental way to resolve it is to improve the biocompatibilities of biomaterials.Reviewing the biomaterial science's status quo,the author puts forward 'osteocompatibility' and defines it as the fact that the endosseous implant materials should favor the osseointegration in the bio—tissue compatibility ,and favor the stress distribution and mechanical transferring at the bone interface in the biomechanical compatibility , besides the prerequisite of meeting the basic biocompatibility.Furthermore,the author also brings forward 'biomaterial surface science',assuming that the surface characteristics of biomaterial be the main factors to determine the biological response to it.Of all the surface characteristics,the surface topography is the prevailing one to affect the osteocompatibility. We do know rough surface is advantageous,but we don't know which form is the perfect one. We employed the sandblasting technique modified with acid attack to improve the osteocompatibility of c.p.titanium and the possibility of its application in the dental titanium implant area was evaluated.Our study also revealed the mechanisms of its effects on the osteocompatibility to some extent.This paper is divided into five parts:
一、人胚成骨细胞分离、培养
采用组织块法进行原代分离、培养人胚成骨细胞。取材于6个月引产胎儿头盖骨，剪碎，接种，培养液为含10％胎牛血清、50μ／ml L—抗坏血酸的DMEM培养液。培养5天即有细胞自骨块内游出，12天细胞长满，可以进行传代培养。细胞经形态学和成骨细胞特异性指标鉴定证实为成骨细胞，尤其是透射电镜下见体外钙化结节的形成具有与体内成骨相似的矿化过程以及基本结构。细胞系生长过程稳定期持续时间相对较长(3代至30代)，成骨细胞在稳定期具有稳定的增长速度(倍增时间为36小时)和较强的ALPase活性，并且出现明显的集落生长倾向。提示组织
Dental implants have been widely used in the clinics and more and more patients receive this treatment each year.However,there still exsita lot of problems which lie in the implant—tissue interface. The fundamental way to resolve it is to improve the biocompatibilities of biomaterials.Reviewing the biomaterial science's status quo,the author puts forward 'osteocompatibility' and defines it as the fact that the endosseous implant materials should favor the osseointegration in the bio—tissue compatibility ,and favor the stress distribution and mechanical transferring at the bone interface in the biomechanical compatibility , besides the prerequisite of meeting the basic biocompatibility.Furthermore,the author also brings forward 'biomaterial surface science',assuming that the surface characteristics of biomaterial be the main factors to determine the biological response to it.Of all the surface characteristics,the surface topography is the prevailing one to affect the osteocompatibility. We do know rough surface is advantageous,but we don't know which form is the perfect one. We employed the sandblasting technique modified with acid attack to improve the osteocompatibility of c.p.titanium and the possibility of its application in the dental titanium implant area was evaluated.Our study also revealed the mechanisms of its effects on the osteocompatibility to some extent.This paper is divided into five parts:
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