多芯线粉末挤压成形工艺及其数值模拟理论研究
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摘要
论文首次提出一种新型金属载体的低成本成形方法，即“多芯线粉末挤压法”，并用此方法进行了金属载体成形的相关研究。主要开展了以下三个方面的基础研究工作：①金属载体材料的选择与设计；②多芯线粉末挤压成形技术的工艺流程、模具设计、粉末挤压力学参数的实验研究和理论分析；③初步探讨了粉末体挤压成形过程的有限元数值模拟理论。
实验重点研究了纯Al、Al-Fe的粉末挤压，并对粉末的挤压变形行为进行了理论分析，提出了与通常挤压变形过程的截然不同的三个阶段，基本工艺流程为混粉→保湿→预压→挤压→烧结→后处理。
试样断面形貌分析，XRD，密度和线膨胀系数的研究，初步证明了多孔金属载体材料设计的正确性，及金属载体所具有的一些优异性能。在数值模拟理论中，推导了粉末体变形的应力-应变关系等效应变速率方程和求解的整体矩阵方程
因此，“多芯线粉末挤压成形工艺及其数值模拟理论研究”验证了多芯线粉末挤压成形在工艺上的可行性，是金属载体成形的较好方法。实验研究所获得的基础数据和理论分析，为“多芯线粉末挤压”的进一步研究奠定了基础。
A new forming method, which is Multi-Core-Line-Die Powder Extrusion (MCLDPE), of low cost metallic carrier is firstly presented in this paper. Correlative research on metallic carrier forming is investigated by this method. There are three aspects foundation pursuits, comprising ?To select and design metallic carrier materials (2) Technique flow , die designation and mechanic parameters of Multi-Core-Line-Die Powder Extrusion Forming and (3) To probe into finite element method (FEM) mathematical simulation theory of powder-compact extrusion forming.
Powder extrusion of pure Aluminum and Aluminum-Iron powder is detailedly studied. Extruded powder deformation behavior is theoretically analyzed. Three periods in powder extrusion are different from routine extrusion. Rudimental technique flow comprises blended powder → keeping humidity → previous press → sinter → disposal. Metallography, XRD, density and heat expand parameter are also investigated at length. Correctness of materials designation of porous metallic carrier, predominant performances of metallic carrier are elementarily proved.
In mathematical simulation theory, stress-strain relation of powder-compact
deformation , equivalent strain velocity equation
, and unitary matrix equation ,
are deduced.
Therefore, feasibility of Multi-Core-Line-Die Powder Extrusion Forming is validated by Research on Mathematical Simulation Theory and Powder Extrusion Forming Technology of Multi-Core-Line-Die, which is a better forming method of metallic carrier. Basal experimental data and theory analysis are foundations for further research on Multi-Core -Line-Die Powder Extrusion Forming.
实验重点研究了纯Al、Al-Fe的粉末挤压，并对粉末的挤压变形行为进行了理论分析，提出了与通常挤压变形过程的截然不同的三个阶段，基本工艺流程为混粉→保湿→预压→挤压→烧结→后处理。
试样断面形貌分析，XRD，密度和线膨胀系数的研究，初步证明了多孔金属载体材料设计的正确性，及金属载体所具有的一些优异性能。在数值模拟理论中，推导了粉末体变形的应力-应变关系等效应变速率方程和求解的整体矩阵方程
因此，“多芯线粉末挤压成形工艺及其数值模拟理论研究”验证了多芯线粉末挤压成形在工艺上的可行性，是金属载体成形的较好方法。实验研究所获得的基础数据和理论分析，为“多芯线粉末挤压”的进一步研究奠定了基础。
A new forming method, which is Multi-Core-Line-Die Powder Extrusion (MCLDPE), of low cost metallic carrier is firstly presented in this paper. Correlative research on metallic carrier forming is investigated by this method. There are three aspects foundation pursuits, comprising ?To select and design metallic carrier materials (2) Technique flow , die designation and mechanic parameters of Multi-Core-Line-Die Powder Extrusion Forming and (3) To probe into finite element method (FEM) mathematical simulation theory of powder-compact extrusion forming.
Powder extrusion of pure Aluminum and Aluminum-Iron powder is detailedly studied. Extruded powder deformation behavior is theoretically analyzed. Three periods in powder extrusion are different from routine extrusion. Rudimental technique flow comprises blended powder → keeping humidity → previous press → sinter → disposal. Metallography, XRD, density and heat expand parameter are also investigated at length. Correctness of materials designation of porous metallic carrier, predominant performances of metallic carrier are elementarily proved.
In mathematical simulation theory, stress-strain relation of powder-compact
deformation , equivalent strain velocity equation
, and unitary matrix equation ,
are deduced.
Therefore, feasibility of Multi-Core-Line-Die Powder Extrusion Forming is validated by Research on Mathematical Simulation Theory and Powder Extrusion Forming Technology of Multi-Core-Line-Die, which is a better forming method of metallic carrier. Basal experimental data and theory analysis are foundations for further research on Multi-Core -Line-Die Powder Extrusion Forming.
引文
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2．穆卫亮．环境污染与防治，1990，12(6)：15
3. Chiroy M. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 1987,30:1
4．倪计民等．小型内燃机．1996，25(1)：19
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6. Hirohashi Junichiro, Mita Yasuhiro. JP63 158135
7. Aeo Kazuhisa. JP63 315151.1988
8. Suyama Eizo, Takemori Yoshihisa. JP01 30651.1985
9. Sosnik A.U.S.Pat.2434775, 1948
10. Elliott JUC.U.S.Pat.75289, 1956
11．赵增典等．泡沫铝的制备及吸声性能研究．山东工程学院学报．1997，11(1)：62～65
12．张勇等．新型泡沫铝的吸声特性及应用研究．鲁科成签字[1997]第067号
13. R.Yamamoto, et al. Ed., Advanced Materials '93. V18A. Ecomaterials, Elsevier, 1994
14. Chin-Jye(Mike)Yu, et al. Advanced Materials & Processes, 1998,11:45～47
15. Sanders Jr. T H. Light Metal Age, 1997, June: 62
16. Foam Sweet Foam. Aluminium Today, 1998, (11/12): 33～34
17．朱洪法．催化剂载体．化学工业出版社，1980
18．吉林大学化学系《催化作用基础》编写组．催化作用基础．科学出版社，1983
19．多罗间公雄．触媒工学讲座2，《触媒物性论》．地人书馆，1966
20. Gray, M.R., Paulson, F., Petrochem. Engineer,36,6,1964: 38～40
21．安琴等．车用催化剂载体的选择与发展．环境保护，1999．11
22. W. Blake Kolb, Ramon L. Cerro, David D. Leavitt and Jerry C. Sunners. The Ins and Outs of Coating Monlithic Structures. Chemical Engineering Process, 1993(2):61～67
23．M·3M巴辛．来自内燃机及固定排放源的动力设备的废气的处理用催化剂．CN1090216A，1994
24. Forsberg, R.P. and Hollind, K.M.(1961). U.S.Pat.2,977,265
25. Nowak, J., and Conti, J.(1962).Ceram. Bull.41,5
26. Andersen,H.C.,Green, W., and Romeo,P.(1966).Engelhard Industries
Tech.Bull .1,100
27． Keith, C., Kenan, P., and Bair, D.(1971) .U.S.Pat.3,565,830
28． [英]J.J.伯顿and R.L.加坦著，林西平译《新型催化材料》,石油工业出版社，1984
29． Suresh T. Gulati. Long-Term Durability of Ceramic Honeycombs for Automotive Emissions Control. SAE Paper 850130,1985
30． Suresh T. Gulati. Ceramic Converter Technology for Automotive Emissions Control. SAE Paper 911736,1991
31． Mohindwe D. Chattha, William L.H. Watkins and Haren S.Gandhi. Three-way Catalyst for Automotive Emission Control and Method of Making the Catalyst. USP 4992405,1991
32． J. Paul Day and Louis S. Socha, Jr. The Design of Automotive Catalyst Supports for Improved Pressure Drop and Conversion Efficiency. SAE Paper 910371,1991
33． Manfred Nonnenmann. SAE Trans, 1985,section 1:1． 814
34． Fee Chingbaure, Gerald Leonard.EP87 808． 1983
35． Lars Erison, Jan Kutka. U.S. Pat.5,578,265． 1995
36． Yamanaka Mikio, Fukaya Masuhiro, Fujita Nobuhiro, et al. WO 9,417,91 1． 1994
37． Stopka, V.(1950) .U.S.Pat.2,506,244
38． Hollenback, R.Z.( 1963) .U.S.Pat.3,1 12,1 84
39． Johnson, J.R.(1973) .U.S.Pat.Re27,747
40． Sergeys, F.J.(1973) .U.S.Pat.3,755,204
41． Cassidy, D.J., Esper, M., and Ronnie, DJ.(1974) . Ger.DT2,349,472
42． Bagley, R.D.( 1974) .U.S.Pat.3,790,654
43． Kiefer W. et al., U.S.Pat. 4,588,540 ( 1986)
44． Auriol A., et al., U.S.Pat. 4,724,078 ( 1988)
45． 服部勇夫，汽车排气净化催化用陶瓷蜂窝,国外内燃机， 1995(2) : 41-43
46． D. Ashkin, R. A. Haber, J. B. Wachtman, J.Am. Ceram. Soc., 1990,73(11) : 3376
47． Arkawa K, Matsuda S, Tanba Y. Apparatus for Purification of Exhaust Gas From Internal Combustion Engine. JP: 10-263368,1998-10-06
48． Tnlsma, H.(1966) .U.S.Pat.3,255,027
49. Lida S, Kaji G. Metal Supports for Exhaust Gas Treatment Catalysts. JP:05-057197A2. 1993-03-03
50. Okabe S, Kawabe Y, Matsuo S, et al.. Manufacturing Method of Metal Catalyst-support for Exhaust Gas Treatment. JP: 07-31887. 1995-02-03
51. Le P, Jean F, Mabilon G. Exhaust Gas Catalysts Supports on a Metal Textile. EP:634213. 1995-01-18
52. Inoe Katsufumi. JP08 332394.1996
53. Toida Tsutomu, Maeda Makoto, Okita Kyotaka, et al. JP08 299806. 1996
54. Arun D. A New Catalyst Support Structure for Automobile Catalytic Converters,Society of Engineers Paper, NO.971032, 1997
55．井伊谷网一，荒川正文，神保元二，三轮茂雄共编，粉体物性工学．化学同人，1967
56．小寺，6，23 1973
57．[苏]N.M.费多尔钦科著．粉末冶金原理，冶金工业出版社
58．邵潭华．材料工程基础．西安交通大学材料科学与工程学院．1998
59. Chare P.J.M., Sheppard T., P/M, 1973, 16(32):437
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