新疆某医学院校本科医学生人格特征与道德发展的相关研究
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摘要
目的:探讨新疆某医学院校本科医学生人格特征与其道德发展的相关关系,为新时期医学院校的职业道德教育提供理论依据,也为本科医学教育的管理者及实施者提供一定有参考价值的建议。方法:选取新疆某医学院校2004-2008级497名本科医学生作为调查对象,采用艾森克人格问卷(成人版)、确定问题测验Ⅱ和自编一般情况调查表,对被试进行测查。使用SPSS13.0软件进化数据处理,两组比较采用t检验,多组比较采用方差分析。结果:(1)学生艾森克人格测试结果与全国青年常模存在差异有统计学意义;(2)不同民族、不同年级的学生艾森克人格测试结果的差异有统计学意义;(3)不同学业成绩的学生在N维度上的差异有统计学意义(4)临床专业本科生同性别不同民族的学生在E维度和L维度上的差异有统计学意义,而护理学专业本科生则差异没有统计学意义。(5)不同年级、不同性别学生在道德发展上有差异;(6)临床医学专业大一新生、实习生与护理学专业的大一学生、实习生在道德发展上有差异,但无统计学意义。(7)确定问题测验Ⅱ问卷的N2指标与艾森克问卷的P维度有显著相关。结论:初步了解了新疆某医学院校本科生的人格特征及道德发展水平;新疆某医学院校本科生人格特征以外向稳定型为主,符合职业特点的要求;不同性别,不同年级学生在人格特征与道德判断发展有差异;临床专业本科生对宏观道德问题更为敏感;的在此研究的基础上,需要更为深入的探讨人格特征与道德发展的相关研究,建议更多可行的教育与评估方式纳入到目前的道德教育中来,提出新时期高等医学院校的职业道德教育的建议。
Objective : To explore the correlation between medical student’s personality characteristics and their moral development. Provide a theoretical basis for the new era of professional ethics education, and put forward some suggestions to the managers and practitioners of medical education. Methods:We enrolled 497 medical students as the subjects in a medical school in Xinjiang, China. We conducted questionnaire of EPQ , China version of Defining Issues Test-2(DIT-2) and the general state of self-questionnaire to analyze the subjects’personality characteristics and moral development level. Collected data was coded and scored using Fortran program for computer. Then the data was statistically analyzed by SPSS version 13.0. Results:(1)There is significant personality characteristic difference between the medical students and the national youth norm in the result of questionnaire of EPQ. (2)There is significant personality characteristics difference between different grades, between different sex. (3)There is significant personality characteristic difference between the student who obtain scholarships and the student who did not obtain. (4)There is significant personality characteristic difference in E dimension and L dimension of the Eysenck's questionnaire between the minority students and the Han students which have same sex, the clinics have significant difference,but the nurse have not significant difference. (5) There is moral development difference between different grades, between different sex, but not significant difference.(6)There is moral development difference between different major, but not significant difference. (7) There is significant correlation between The moral development and P dimension of the Eysenck's questionnaire . Conclusion:The dominant type of personality of medical students in Xinjiang is extroverted and stability personality which is characteristic of professional needs. There is moral development difference and personality characteristics difference between different grades, different major.The medical student which major in clinic may be more sensitive to the Macro-ethics . The current professional ethics education should be varied for differernt student. Based on the results of this study, further studies will examine the correlation between personality characteristics and moral development in detail. Moreover, we suggest that the current ethics education should be developed and evaluated in more realistic manner.
Objective : To explore the correlation between medical student’s personality characteristics and their moral development. Provide a theoretical basis for the new era of professional ethics education, and put forward some suggestions to the managers and practitioners of medical education. Methods:We enrolled 497 medical students as the subjects in a medical school in Xinjiang, China. We conducted questionnaire of EPQ , China version of Defining Issues Test-2(DIT-2) and the general state of self-questionnaire to analyze the subjects’personality characteristics and moral development level. Collected data was coded and scored using Fortran program for computer. Then the data was statistically analyzed by SPSS version 13.0. Results:(1)There is significant personality characteristic difference between the medical students and the national youth norm in the result of questionnaire of EPQ. (2)There is significant personality characteristics difference between different grades, between different sex. (3)There is significant personality characteristic difference between the student who obtain scholarships and the student who did not obtain. (4)There is significant personality characteristic difference in E dimension and L dimension of the Eysenck's questionnaire between the minority students and the Han students which have same sex, the clinics have significant difference,but the nurse have not significant difference. (5) There is moral development difference between different grades, between different sex, but not significant difference.(6)There is moral development difference between different major, but not significant difference. (7) There is significant correlation between The moral development and P dimension of the Eysenck's questionnaire . Conclusion:The dominant type of personality of medical students in Xinjiang is extroverted and stability personality which is characteristic of professional needs. There is moral development difference and personality characteristics difference between different grades, different major.The medical student which major in clinic may be more sensitive to the Macro-ethics . The current professional ethics education should be varied for differernt student. Based on the results of this study, further studies will examine the correlation between personality characteristics and moral development in detail. Moreover, we suggest that the current ethics education should be developed and evaluated in more realistic manner.
引文
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[3]梅人朗,陈刚,杨益等.医学教育全球标准[M].上海科学技术出版社,2004,1:133-135
[4]胡朝兵,张大均.国内外品德评测方法评述与展望[J].中国教育刊,2008,3,40-44
[5]杨韶刚.西方道德心理学的新发展[M].上海教育出版社,2007,182-184
[6] Bebeau,M.J. Influencing the Moral Dimensions of Dental Practice: Contributions to professional education[J]. Journal of Moral Education,2002, 3(31):271-295
[7] Muriel J. Bebeau and Stephen J. Thoma. Guide for DIT-2[M].Center for the study of Ethical Development ptinting office,2003:5-6
[8] Muriel J. Bebeau and Stephen J. Thoma. Guide for DIT-2[M].Center for the study of Ethical Development ptinting office,2003:8-10
[9]杨贤菊,虞俊.性格是疾病的一种危险因素吗[J].医学与哲学,2003,24(2):53
[10]王渭玲,汪勇.276名医科大学生应对方式、人格与心理健康调查[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2003,17(2):118-119
[11]蔡太生,肖琳琳,向延娥等.医科大学生人格特征与心理健康的相关研究[J].中国行为医学科学,2003,12(1):91-92
[12]郭庆科.心理测试的原理与应用[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2002,7:206-207
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