计轴检测盒的可靠性研究
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摘要
计轴检测盒,又称高频EAK,是铁路计轴设备的重要组成部分,其可靠性和计轴设备是否能可靠工作密切相关。为保证铁路行车安全,在应用计轴设备的线路充分考虑设备的可靠性是十分必要的。
本文主要依据相关铁路信号设备可靠性、安全性的相关规范及标准,对成都铁路信号工厂生产的JZ1-H型高频EAK为例,运用可靠性工程基本理论和方法,构造了设备可靠性框架体系。
1、根据设备原理图,完成对设备的功能层次的划分,分析基于功能模块的可靠性逻辑关系,做出系统及子系统的可靠性框图。
2、结合GJB/Z 299B-98电子设备可靠性预计手册,分析每个元器件的可靠性参数,对整个系统进行可靠性预计(预计中所用到的所有器件型号及器件质量等级参数均由成都铁路信号工厂提供,在本文中示对其进行真实性的核实)。
3、分类整理EAK在现场使用过程中的故障数据,通过概率论与统计学的方法,运用可靠性工程理论对EAK进行寿命数据分析,并与预计结果进行比较,分析其中产生差异的原因。
4、分析元器件的各种失效模式,并在此基础上建立系统故障树,进行可靠性定性、定量分析。
5、对高频EAK进故障模式、影响及危害性分析(FMECA),包括对电源板,通道板,传感板三个子系统的定性和定量分析,得出整个系统的危害性矩阵,根据危害性矩阵和FMECA表,得出影响系统可靠度的重要部件。
本文不仅从理论上对系统进行可靠性分析,更重要的是结合工程实践中的实际数据,计算结果更具可信性,同时为可靠性工程在实际中的应用提供一种新的参考模版。
Detector box in axle counter is also called high-frequency examine ark of axle counter (EAK). As a concernful component of axle counter track section, its reliability relates the credibility of axle counter. For the safety of the train route, it is necessary to consider the reliability of EAK where the axle counter is used.
This paper references the interrelated standards about the research of railway equipments'reliability and safety. Take JZ1-H EAK, made in ChengDu railway communication equipment factory, as an example, and use reliability engineering theory and method to make the reliability configuration up.
1 According to the elements circuit diagram,finish the partition of task modules and analyze the logic relations between them, give the system and subsystem reliability block diagram.
2 Based on GJB/Z299B-98(reliability prediction handbook for electronic equipment), determine the reliability parameter of each circuit component, and finish the reliability parameter prediction of the whole system. (All devices model and device quality grading parameters used in the prediction is offered by ChengDu railway communication equipment factory,this paper to verify the authenticity of its)
3 Assort the failure data about the actual use of EAK, use methods in probability and statistical theory to do some analysis about the failure data, from which we will get another reliability parameter. Then compare this with the result of prediction, and find the reason for the difference.
4 Analyze different failure models of circuit component, build up the fault tree for the system, and do qualitative and quantitative analysis on reliability.
5 Finish the Failure Mode, Effect and Criticality Analysis (FMECA), including the qualitative and quantitative analysis of power board, transporter board and transducer board, educe the criticality matrix, sum up key components which influence the reliability of whole system seriously.
Besides doing the system reliability analysis in theory, this paper does more analysis based on actual data, which makes the calculation more believable. it provides a new way to combine reliability theory with practice.
本文主要依据相关铁路信号设备可靠性、安全性的相关规范及标准,对成都铁路信号工厂生产的JZ1-H型高频EAK为例,运用可靠性工程基本理论和方法,构造了设备可靠性框架体系。
1、根据设备原理图,完成对设备的功能层次的划分,分析基于功能模块的可靠性逻辑关系,做出系统及子系统的可靠性框图。
2、结合GJB/Z 299B-98电子设备可靠性预计手册,分析每个元器件的可靠性参数,对整个系统进行可靠性预计(预计中所用到的所有器件型号及器件质量等级参数均由成都铁路信号工厂提供,在本文中示对其进行真实性的核实)。
3、分类整理EAK在现场使用过程中的故障数据,通过概率论与统计学的方法,运用可靠性工程理论对EAK进行寿命数据分析,并与预计结果进行比较,分析其中产生差异的原因。
4、分析元器件的各种失效模式,并在此基础上建立系统故障树,进行可靠性定性、定量分析。
5、对高频EAK进故障模式、影响及危害性分析(FMECA),包括对电源板,通道板,传感板三个子系统的定性和定量分析,得出整个系统的危害性矩阵,根据危害性矩阵和FMECA表,得出影响系统可靠度的重要部件。
本文不仅从理论上对系统进行可靠性分析,更重要的是结合工程实践中的实际数据,计算结果更具可信性,同时为可靠性工程在实际中的应用提供一种新的参考模版。
Detector box in axle counter is also called high-frequency examine ark of axle counter (EAK). As a concernful component of axle counter track section, its reliability relates the credibility of axle counter. For the safety of the train route, it is necessary to consider the reliability of EAK where the axle counter is used.
This paper references the interrelated standards about the research of railway equipments'reliability and safety. Take JZ1-H EAK, made in ChengDu railway communication equipment factory, as an example, and use reliability engineering theory and method to make the reliability configuration up.
1 According to the elements circuit diagram,finish the partition of task modules and analyze the logic relations between them, give the system and subsystem reliability block diagram.
2 Based on GJB/Z299B-98(reliability prediction handbook for electronic equipment), determine the reliability parameter of each circuit component, and finish the reliability parameter prediction of the whole system. (All devices model and device quality grading parameters used in the prediction is offered by ChengDu railway communication equipment factory,this paper to verify the authenticity of its)
3 Assort the failure data about the actual use of EAK, use methods in probability and statistical theory to do some analysis about the failure data, from which we will get another reliability parameter. Then compare this with the result of prediction, and find the reason for the difference.
4 Analyze different failure models of circuit component, build up the fault tree for the system, and do qualitative and quantitative analysis on reliability.
5 Finish the Failure Mode, Effect and Criticality Analysis (FMECA), including the qualitative and quantitative analysis of power board, transporter board and transducer board, educe the criticality matrix, sum up key components which influence the reliability of whole system seriously.
Besides doing the system reliability analysis in theory, this paper does more analysis based on actual data, which makes the calculation more believable. it provides a new way to combine reliability theory with practice.
引文
[1]铁路信号基础.西南交通大学交控实验室内部资料
[2]高社生,张玲霞.可靠性理论与工程应用[M].国防工业出版社.2002.7
[3]罗国勋质量管理与可靠性[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005.6
[4]Relex Soflware Co.&Intellect.可靠性实用指南[M].陈晓彤等译.北京航空航大出版社,2005
[5]黄祥瑞.可靠性工程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1990.
[6]李玉业.可靠性数学[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1990.
[7]蒋乐天,徐国治.系统可靠性和可用性分析技术[J].电讯技术,200242(4):121-126
[8]曹亮.微机联锁系统可靠性研究.西南交通大学硕士论文.2007
[9]计轴设备通用技术要求:UIC790R-75[S]铁道科技司,1991
[10]曾天翔.可靠性及维修性工程手册(上)[M].北京.国防工业出版社.1994
[11]曾天翔。可靠性及维修性工程手册(下)[M].北京.国防工业出版社.1994
[12]陆贵友.基于Petri网的CNC系统可靠性指标模糊评估模型.吉林大学硕士论文.2002:45-47
[13]孟宪支.系统可靠度的优化模型及简单算法[J].运筹与管理.2002.11(3):80-84
[14]武小悦.复杂关系的可靠性建模与分析[D].长沙.国防科技大学.2000
[15]GJB 813-90:可靠性模型的建立和可靠性预计[S].国防科学技术工业委员会.1990-01-10.
[16]GB 7829-87:故障树分析[S].北京.国家标准局.1987
[17]Patrick D.T.O'Connor.实用可靠性工程[M].李莉等译.电子工业出版社,2005
[18]魏选平,张样伟,汁树檀等.故障树可靠性仿真模型及其应用[J].航空兵器,2001年第6期
[19]金星.工程系统可靠性数值分析方法[M].北京.国防工业出版 社.2002
[20]GJB1391-92:故障模式、影响及危害性分析程序[S].北京.国防科工委.1992
[21]赵惠祥.城市轨道交通系统地运营安全性与可靠性研究.同济大学工学博士学位论文.2006
[22]Willian K.Denson,Dr Samuel Keene,Joseph Caroli.a new system reliability assessment methodology.1998 PROCEEDINGS Annual RELABILITY and MAINTABILITY Symposium.413-420
[23]郭建英.产品或系统的寿命分布类型统计推断问题[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,1986,4:25-26
[24]成都铁路信号工厂JZ1-H型EAK产品说明书.成都铁路信号工厂,2005
[25]TB2296计轴设备通用技术要求[S]铁道科技司,1991
[26]GJB/Z 299B-98电子设备可靠性预计手册[S].国防科工委,1998
[27]梅启智,廖炯生,孙慧中.系统可靠性工程基础[M].科学出版社,1987
[28]John A.McDermid,Shaoying Liu.a case study using SAM safety analysis of PES.IEEE 1996,217-224
[29]Jyh-Jen Horny Shiau.Analyzing Accelerated Degradation Data by Nonparametric Regression.IEEE TRANSACTION ON RELIABILITY,1999,38(7):52-56
[30]BlockSim7 Training Grude.1997-2007 ReliaSoft Corporation
[31]贺国芳.可靠性数据的收集与分析[M].国防工业出版社,1995
[32]季夜眉,吴大贤.概率论与数理统计[M].电子工业出版社,2001
[33]范培文.威布尔概率纸在汽车零部件可靠性分析与评价工作中的应用[J].汽车科技.2002
[34]陈学楚.装备系统工程[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1995
[35]夏泓.电子元器件失效分析及应用[M].国防工业出版社,1998
[36]Weibull++7 Training Grude.1997-2007 ReliaSofl Corporation
[37]钟毓宁,邬华芝.机电产品可靠性应用[M].中国计量出版社,1999
[38]GB 4888-85:故障树名词术语及符号[S].北京.国家标准局.1985
[39]费胜巍,孙宇,张晓阳,工胜红.基于产品结构树和FMEA的故 障诊断方法研究[J].机床与液压.2006,7:238-239
[40]张立斌,苏建.CH-85FMS故障分析及可靠性改进[J].吉林大学学报,2003,33(4):51-54
[41]帅健,辛艳韦.基于失效评定图的油气管线可靠性分析[J].天然气工业.2002,22(2):83-86
[42]郭瑞玖.提高设备可靠性和可维性的手段及展望[J].世界铁路.1991(4):11-14
[43]傅旭东.相关变量下失效概率和可靠度指标的计算机模拟[J].西南交大学报,1997(6),319-322
[44]吴江飞,吴绍民.两种可靠性指标及其关系研究[J].信息工程大学学报2000(3):53-55.
[45]GJB 450-88:装备研制生产的可靠性通用大纲[S].国防科工委.1990
[46]李海泉,李刚.系统可靠性分析与设计[M].北京.科学出版社,2003
[47]EN50126:1999.铁路应用:可靠性、可用性、可维护性和安全性(RAMS)规范和说明.1999
[48]陈红霞.以微机为基础的铁路信号设备可靠性设计与分析[D].西南交通大学硕士.2005
[49]Gopal Chaudhuri,Kuolung Hu,Nader Afshar.a new approach to system reliability.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILITY,VOLS0,NO1,MARCH2001,75-84
[50]Richard E.Barlow.Mathematieal Theory of Reliability:A Historical Perspective.IEEE Trans.On Reliability,Vol.R-33,No.1,April 1984
[51]Melehers R E.Structural reliability analysis and prediction.2nd edition,JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,1999:22-31
[52]LIN Guo-xiang.Dynamie Optimal Design for the Reliability of a MechanicalSystem.International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management,2002,7(1):56-58
[53]Stephen R.Welke,Barry W.Johnson,James H.Aylor.Reliability Modeling ofHardware/Software System.IEEE Trans.On Reliability,Vol.44,No.3,Sept.1995:413-418
[2]高社生,张玲霞.可靠性理论与工程应用[M].国防工业出版社.2002.7
[3]罗国勋质量管理与可靠性[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005.6
[4]Relex Soflware Co.&Intellect.可靠性实用指南[M].陈晓彤等译.北京航空航大出版社,2005
[5]黄祥瑞.可靠性工程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1990.
[6]李玉业.可靠性数学[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1990.
[7]蒋乐天,徐国治.系统可靠性和可用性分析技术[J].电讯技术,200242(4):121-126
[8]曹亮.微机联锁系统可靠性研究.西南交通大学硕士论文.2007
[9]计轴设备通用技术要求:UIC790R-75[S]铁道科技司,1991
[10]曾天翔.可靠性及维修性工程手册(上)[M].北京.国防工业出版社.1994
[11]曾天翔。可靠性及维修性工程手册(下)[M].北京.国防工业出版社.1994
[12]陆贵友.基于Petri网的CNC系统可靠性指标模糊评估模型.吉林大学硕士论文.2002:45-47
[13]孟宪支.系统可靠度的优化模型及简单算法[J].运筹与管理.2002.11(3):80-84
[14]武小悦.复杂关系的可靠性建模与分析[D].长沙.国防科技大学.2000
[15]GJB 813-90:可靠性模型的建立和可靠性预计[S].国防科学技术工业委员会.1990-01-10.
[16]GB 7829-87:故障树分析[S].北京.国家标准局.1987
[17]Patrick D.T.O'Connor.实用可靠性工程[M].李莉等译.电子工业出版社,2005
[18]魏选平,张样伟,汁树檀等.故障树可靠性仿真模型及其应用[J].航空兵器,2001年第6期
[19]金星.工程系统可靠性数值分析方法[M].北京.国防工业出版 社.2002
[20]GJB1391-92:故障模式、影响及危害性分析程序[S].北京.国防科工委.1992
[21]赵惠祥.城市轨道交通系统地运营安全性与可靠性研究.同济大学工学博士学位论文.2006
[22]Willian K.Denson,Dr Samuel Keene,Joseph Caroli.a new system reliability assessment methodology.1998 PROCEEDINGS Annual RELABILITY and MAINTABILITY Symposium.413-420
[23]郭建英.产品或系统的寿命分布类型统计推断问题[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,1986,4:25-26
[24]成都铁路信号工厂JZ1-H型EAK产品说明书.成都铁路信号工厂,2005
[25]TB2296计轴设备通用技术要求[S]铁道科技司,1991
[26]GJB/Z 299B-98电子设备可靠性预计手册[S].国防科工委,1998
[27]梅启智,廖炯生,孙慧中.系统可靠性工程基础[M].科学出版社,1987
[28]John A.McDermid,Shaoying Liu.a case study using SAM safety analysis of PES.IEEE 1996,217-224
[29]Jyh-Jen Horny Shiau.Analyzing Accelerated Degradation Data by Nonparametric Regression.IEEE TRANSACTION ON RELIABILITY,1999,38(7):52-56
[30]BlockSim7 Training Grude.1997-2007 ReliaSoft Corporation
[31]贺国芳.可靠性数据的收集与分析[M].国防工业出版社,1995
[32]季夜眉,吴大贤.概率论与数理统计[M].电子工业出版社,2001
[33]范培文.威布尔概率纸在汽车零部件可靠性分析与评价工作中的应用[J].汽车科技.2002
[34]陈学楚.装备系统工程[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1995
[35]夏泓.电子元器件失效分析及应用[M].国防工业出版社,1998
[36]Weibull++7 Training Grude.1997-2007 ReliaSofl Corporation
[37]钟毓宁,邬华芝.机电产品可靠性应用[M].中国计量出版社,1999
[38]GB 4888-85:故障树名词术语及符号[S].北京.国家标准局.1985
[39]费胜巍,孙宇,张晓阳,工胜红.基于产品结构树和FMEA的故 障诊断方法研究[J].机床与液压.2006,7:238-239
[40]张立斌,苏建.CH-85FMS故障分析及可靠性改进[J].吉林大学学报,2003,33(4):51-54
[41]帅健,辛艳韦.基于失效评定图的油气管线可靠性分析[J].天然气工业.2002,22(2):83-86
[42]郭瑞玖.提高设备可靠性和可维性的手段及展望[J].世界铁路.1991(4):11-14
[43]傅旭东.相关变量下失效概率和可靠度指标的计算机模拟[J].西南交大学报,1997(6),319-322
[44]吴江飞,吴绍民.两种可靠性指标及其关系研究[J].信息工程大学学报2000(3):53-55.
[45]GJB 450-88:装备研制生产的可靠性通用大纲[S].国防科工委.1990
[46]李海泉,李刚.系统可靠性分析与设计[M].北京.科学出版社,2003
[47]EN50126:1999.铁路应用:可靠性、可用性、可维护性和安全性(RAMS)规范和说明.1999
[48]陈红霞.以微机为基础的铁路信号设备可靠性设计与分析[D].西南交通大学硕士.2005
[49]Gopal Chaudhuri,Kuolung Hu,Nader Afshar.a new approach to system reliability.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILITY,VOLS0,NO1,MARCH2001,75-84
[50]Richard E.Barlow.Mathematieal Theory of Reliability:A Historical Perspective.IEEE Trans.On Reliability,Vol.R-33,No.1,April 1984
[51]Melehers R E.Structural reliability analysis and prediction.2nd edition,JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,1999:22-31
[52]LIN Guo-xiang.Dynamie Optimal Design for the Reliability of a MechanicalSystem.International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management,2002,7(1):56-58
[53]Stephen R.Welke,Barry W.Johnson,James H.Aylor.Reliability Modeling ofHardware/Software System.IEEE Trans.On Reliability,Vol.44,No.3,Sept.1995:413-418