覆盖方式对温室辣椒生长及微环境效应
|
摘要
设施农业作为由传统农业向现代化农业发展的重要转折,是解决“三农”问题、发展农村经济和推动生态环境建设的集约、高效生产模式,随着西部大开发政策的实施,设施农业显得尤为重要。以设施蔬菜栽培为主的蔬菜生产在我国北方地区发展迅速,由于种植辣椒经济效益好,现已成为西北地区的重要蔬菜作物,辣椒在西北地区以露地种植为主,近年来保护地栽培面积在不断扩大。目前,国内外研究者多集中于单一覆草或单一覆膜对蔬菜作物生长及其环境的影响进行研究,在日光温室条件下的研究报道较少。为此,研究覆盖方式下对温室辣椒生长及微环境的影响,对于提高辣椒产量和水分利用效率具有重要的理论和现实意义,也为发展设施生态农业奠定理论基础并提供技术支持。
本试验以辣椒为供试作物,在陕西杨凌西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所试验场日光温室中进行。共设4个覆盖处理:地膜覆盖(薄膜厚为0.01mm,覆于植株行间,周围用土压实,T1)、秸秆覆盖(半腐熟小麦秸秆,长度3 cm,用量1kg·m~(-2),T2)、地膜加秸秆覆盖(地膜覆于植株行间,周围用半腐熟小麦秸秆铺满,秸秆长度3cm,用量0.5kg·m~(-2),T3)、对照(未覆盖,CK),每处理3次重复,以期从中筛选出有利于辣椒生长发育及其微环境的较佳覆盖模式。主要研究结果如下:
1.与地膜或秸秆单一覆盖方式及对照相比,地膜加秸秆覆盖在温室辣椒生产中具有比较明显的优势。在整个辣椒结果期,地膜加秸秆覆盖能有效促进植株生长发育,营养生长方面为植株高度、主茎茎粗、冠幅,生殖生长方面表现为果实长度、果径均增长较快,增加了结果期辣椒叶片叶绿素相对含量和植株总干重及各部分干重,并显著提高辣椒产量,减少耗水量。地膜加秸秆覆盖、地膜覆盖及秸秆覆盖处理下的水分利用效率分别是对照的2.15倍、2.05倍、1.64倍。地膜加秸秆覆盖处理还有效地增加了辣椒果实维生素C含量、游离氨基酸含量,从而提高了辣椒果实的品质。因此,覆盖处理能够获得较高的经济收入、优良品质和节水效果。综上所述,地膜加秸秆覆盖方式是有利于温室辣椒生长发育的较佳覆盖模式。
2.在整个辣椒结果期中,地膜加秸秆覆盖能保持相对稳定的光照强度,有效减少了由于光照过强带来的伤害与其他不利因素,在低温时提高冠层温度,高温时降低冠层温度,保障了植物在适应温度下的正常生长发育。覆盖改变了近地气层的热量,蒸发强度发生了改变,从而影响空气湿度的变化,空气湿度状况反过来又影响蒸发强度。在地膜加秸秆覆盖处理下,结果初期土壤温度升温幅度大于秸秆覆盖,结果盛期和末期土壤温度降温趋势小于地膜覆盖。在土壤理化特性方面,地膜加秸秆覆盖处理显著增加土壤中的有机质含量和水解性氮含量,减少土壤中的速效磷含量,增加作物对土壤中磷素的吸收和磷肥利用率,降低土壤容重并增加土壤孔隙度,改善土壤结构,使得土壤通气性、透水性和持水能力更加协调,稳水保肥性能增加,促进植物生长发育,并显著提高了辣椒产量和水分利用效率,减少了耗水量,达到了获得较高的经济收入和节水效果的目的。由此可得,地膜加秸秆覆盖方式是有利于辣椒生长微环境的较佳覆盖模式。
Agricultural facilities as a development of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture an important turning point,is to solve the“Three Rural”issue,the development of rural economy and promote the ecological environment of intensive,highly efficient mode of production.With the western development policy, agricultural facilities is particularly important.Facilities-based vegetables and vegetable production in northern China has developed rapidly, due to growing peppers, good economic returns, which has become an important vegetable crops in Northwest China, peppers in the northwest region dominated by open field cultivation in recent years, the area of protected cultivation expanding.
This study tested the pepper crop, in the Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Institute of Soil and Water conservation in the greenhouse test site. Covering a total of 4 treatment: plastic film mulching (film thickness of 0.01mm, cover the plants between the lines, surrounded by soil compaction, T1), straw mulch (wheat straw decomposition half, length 3 cm, the amount of 1kg ? m? 2,T2 ), plus straw mulch plastic film (plastic film cover on the plant between the lines, surrounded by half-covered with wheat straw decomposition, straw length of 3cm, the amount 0.5kg ? m ? 2,T3), control (no cover, CK), 3 times for each treatment Repeat, in order to benefit from screening and pepper growth and development of better coverage of micro-environment mode. The main results are as follows:
1. Single cover with plastic film or straw method and compared to the control, add straw mulch film production in the greenhouse pepper has obvious advantages. The results of the whole pepper, add straw mulch plastic film can effectively promote plant growth and development, vegetative growth area for the plant height, stem diameter, crown width, the growth aspects of reproductive performance of fruit length, fruit diameter were growing faster, increasing the results Pepper relative of chlorophyll content and plant dry weight and the total dry weight, and significantly increased pepper production, reduce water consumption. Plus straw mulch plastic film, plastic film mulch and straw mulch treatment were under the control of water use efficiency of 2.15 times, 2.05 times and 1.64 times. Plus straw mulching film is also effective in increasing the vitamin C content, free amino acid content, thus improving the quality of pepper fruits. Therefore, the coverage of treatment can obtain a higher income, good quality and water effects. In summary, the film plus straw mulch is beneficial way of growth and development of greenhouse pepper better coverage model.
2. The results in the whole period pepper, plastic straw mulch can increase the light intensity remained relatively stable, effectively reducing the harm caused by excessive light and other adverse factors, raise the canopy at low temperatures, high temperatures reduce the canopy temperature, security The plants to adapt to the normal growth temperature. Cover changed to gas heat near the evaporation intensity is changed, thus affecting the changes in air humidity, air humidity conditions in turn affect the evaporation. Plus straw mulching in the film, the result is greater than the initial soil temperature warming to mulching, the results of peak and late cooling trend in soil temperature is less than mulching. In terms of physical and chemical properties of soil, straw mulching film plus a significant increase in soil organic matter content and hydrolysis of the nitrogen content, reducing the available phosphorus content in soil, increased crop uptake of soil phosphorus and phosphorus utilization, reduce soil bulk density and Increase soil porosity, improve soil structure, making the soil aeration, water permeability and water holding capacity of more coordinated, steady performance increase water and fertilizer to promote plant growth and development, and significantly increased pepper yield and water use efficiency, reducing water consumption To achieve access to higher income and the purpose of water-saving effect. Thus available, plus straw mulch plastic film method is the growth of micro-environment conducive to a better chili cover model.
本试验以辣椒为供试作物,在陕西杨凌西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所试验场日光温室中进行。共设4个覆盖处理:地膜覆盖(薄膜厚为0.01mm,覆于植株行间,周围用土压实,T1)、秸秆覆盖(半腐熟小麦秸秆,长度3 cm,用量1kg·m~(-2),T2)、地膜加秸秆覆盖(地膜覆于植株行间,周围用半腐熟小麦秸秆铺满,秸秆长度3cm,用量0.5kg·m~(-2),T3)、对照(未覆盖,CK),每处理3次重复,以期从中筛选出有利于辣椒生长发育及其微环境的较佳覆盖模式。主要研究结果如下:
1.与地膜或秸秆单一覆盖方式及对照相比,地膜加秸秆覆盖在温室辣椒生产中具有比较明显的优势。在整个辣椒结果期,地膜加秸秆覆盖能有效促进植株生长发育,营养生长方面为植株高度、主茎茎粗、冠幅,生殖生长方面表现为果实长度、果径均增长较快,增加了结果期辣椒叶片叶绿素相对含量和植株总干重及各部分干重,并显著提高辣椒产量,减少耗水量。地膜加秸秆覆盖、地膜覆盖及秸秆覆盖处理下的水分利用效率分别是对照的2.15倍、2.05倍、1.64倍。地膜加秸秆覆盖处理还有效地增加了辣椒果实维生素C含量、游离氨基酸含量,从而提高了辣椒果实的品质。因此,覆盖处理能够获得较高的经济收入、优良品质和节水效果。综上所述,地膜加秸秆覆盖方式是有利于温室辣椒生长发育的较佳覆盖模式。
2.在整个辣椒结果期中,地膜加秸秆覆盖能保持相对稳定的光照强度,有效减少了由于光照过强带来的伤害与其他不利因素,在低温时提高冠层温度,高温时降低冠层温度,保障了植物在适应温度下的正常生长发育。覆盖改变了近地气层的热量,蒸发强度发生了改变,从而影响空气湿度的变化,空气湿度状况反过来又影响蒸发强度。在地膜加秸秆覆盖处理下,结果初期土壤温度升温幅度大于秸秆覆盖,结果盛期和末期土壤温度降温趋势小于地膜覆盖。在土壤理化特性方面,地膜加秸秆覆盖处理显著增加土壤中的有机质含量和水解性氮含量,减少土壤中的速效磷含量,增加作物对土壤中磷素的吸收和磷肥利用率,降低土壤容重并增加土壤孔隙度,改善土壤结构,使得土壤通气性、透水性和持水能力更加协调,稳水保肥性能增加,促进植物生长发育,并显著提高了辣椒产量和水分利用效率,减少了耗水量,达到了获得较高的经济收入和节水效果的目的。由此可得,地膜加秸秆覆盖方式是有利于辣椒生长微环境的较佳覆盖模式。
Agricultural facilities as a development of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture an important turning point,is to solve the“Three Rural”issue,the development of rural economy and promote the ecological environment of intensive,highly efficient mode of production.With the western development policy, agricultural facilities is particularly important.Facilities-based vegetables and vegetable production in northern China has developed rapidly, due to growing peppers, good economic returns, which has become an important vegetable crops in Northwest China, peppers in the northwest region dominated by open field cultivation in recent years, the area of protected cultivation expanding.
This study tested the pepper crop, in the Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Institute of Soil and Water conservation in the greenhouse test site. Covering a total of 4 treatment: plastic film mulching (film thickness of 0.01mm, cover the plants between the lines, surrounded by soil compaction, T1), straw mulch (wheat straw decomposition half, length 3 cm, the amount of 1kg ? m? 2,T2 ), plus straw mulch plastic film (plastic film cover on the plant between the lines, surrounded by half-covered with wheat straw decomposition, straw length of 3cm, the amount 0.5kg ? m ? 2,T3), control (no cover, CK), 3 times for each treatment Repeat, in order to benefit from screening and pepper growth and development of better coverage of micro-environment mode. The main results are as follows:
1. Single cover with plastic film or straw method and compared to the control, add straw mulch film production in the greenhouse pepper has obvious advantages. The results of the whole pepper, add straw mulch plastic film can effectively promote plant growth and development, vegetative growth area for the plant height, stem diameter, crown width, the growth aspects of reproductive performance of fruit length, fruit diameter were growing faster, increasing the results Pepper relative of chlorophyll content and plant dry weight and the total dry weight, and significantly increased pepper production, reduce water consumption. Plus straw mulch plastic film, plastic film mulch and straw mulch treatment were under the control of water use efficiency of 2.15 times, 2.05 times and 1.64 times. Plus straw mulching film is also effective in increasing the vitamin C content, free amino acid content, thus improving the quality of pepper fruits. Therefore, the coverage of treatment can obtain a higher income, good quality and water effects. In summary, the film plus straw mulch is beneficial way of growth and development of greenhouse pepper better coverage model.
2. The results in the whole period pepper, plastic straw mulch can increase the light intensity remained relatively stable, effectively reducing the harm caused by excessive light and other adverse factors, raise the canopy at low temperatures, high temperatures reduce the canopy temperature, security The plants to adapt to the normal growth temperature. Cover changed to gas heat near the evaporation intensity is changed, thus affecting the changes in air humidity, air humidity conditions in turn affect the evaporation. Plus straw mulching in the film, the result is greater than the initial soil temperature warming to mulching, the results of peak and late cooling trend in soil temperature is less than mulching. In terms of physical and chemical properties of soil, straw mulching film plus a significant increase in soil organic matter content and hydrolysis of the nitrogen content, reducing the available phosphorus content in soil, increased crop uptake of soil phosphorus and phosphorus utilization, reduce soil bulk density and Increase soil porosity, improve soil structure, making the soil aeration, water permeability and water holding capacity of more coordinated, steady performance increase water and fertilizer to promote plant growth and development, and significantly increased pepper yield and water use efficiency, reducing water consumption To achieve access to higher income and the purpose of water-saving effect. Thus available, plus straw mulch plastic film method is the growth of micro-environment conducive to a better chili cover model.
引文
安志信. 2004.无公害蔬菜病虫害综合防治措施.天津农业科学,10(1):1-3
鲍士旦. 2000.土壤农化分析.北京:中国农业出版社,63-69
卜玉山,苗果园等. 2006.地膜和秸秆覆盖土壤肥力效应分析与比较.中国农业科学,39(5):1069-1075
蔡晓布,钱成等. 2003.秸秆还田对西藏中部退化土壤环境的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,9(4): 411-415
曹广俊. 2007.西北地区辣椒生产现状及发展对策.甘肃农业科技,2
曹卫星. 2006.作物栽培学总论.北京:科学出版社,153-160
陈典,于锡宏等. 1996.地膜覆盖对大蒜生长发育及产量的影响.东北农业大学学报,27(4):349-353
陈克农,宋颖琦等. 2000.温室番茄地膜覆盖对土壤理化性质和产量影响.北方园艺,4:59
陈素英,张喜英等. 2002.秸秆覆盖对夏玉米生长过程及水分利用的影响.干旱地区农业研究,(4):55-57
程仁平. 1996.行间覆草对西瓜、辣椒、番茄产量的影响.长江蔬菜,8:24-25
程永安. 2003.辣椒无公害生产技术.北京:中国农业出版社
崔凤俊,王国柱等. 1998.秸秆覆盖对棉田土壤的影响.中国棉花,25(5):7-9
杜社妮,白岗栓. 2007.玉米地膜覆盖的土壤环境效应.干旱地区农业研究,25(5):56-59
杜尧东,刘作新等. 2000.冬小麦田秸秆覆盖的小气候效应.生态学杂志,19(3):20-23
段德玉,刘小京等. 2003.夏玉米地膜覆盖栽培的生态效应研究.干旱地区农业研究,21(4):6-9
方文松,朱自玺等. 2009.秸秆覆盖农田的小气候特征和增产机理研究.干旱地区农业研究,27(6):123-128
高德明,梅旭荣等. 1999.晋东旱区农作物秸秆资源综合利用模式研究.自然资源学报,14(3):258-264
高俊风. 2000.植物生理学试验技术.西安:世界图书出版公司
郜庆炉. 2003.设施农作制度.北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,1-6
巩杰,黄高宝等. 2003.旱作麦田秸秆覆盖的生态综合效应研究.干旱地区农业研究,21(3):69-73
郭来锁,杨万仓. 2000.对设施农业发展的认识与实践.科研管理,21(3):56-59
何芬,马承伟. 2007.中国设施农业发展现状与对策分析.中国农学通报,23(3):462-465
贺欢,田长彦等. 2009.不同覆盖方式对新疆棉田土壤温度和水分的影响.干旱区研究,26(6):826-831
黄真国,黄秀敏. 1999.对发展现代设施农业的思考.河南农业科学,7:15-16
胡明芳,田长彦. 2003.新疆棉田地膜覆盖耕层土壤温度效应研究.中国生态农业学报,11(3): 128-130
胡实,彭娜等. 2007.农田秸秆覆盖保墒研究.中国农业气象,28(1):49-53
胡实,谢小立等. 2008.秸秆覆盖对夏玉米田棵间蒸发和近地层气象要素的影响.中国农业气象,29(2):170-173
姜成,申晓慧. 2009.有机肥和地膜覆盖对辣椒生长发育及产量影响.核农学报,23(5):879-883
李凤民,鄢旬等. 2001.地膜覆盖导致春小麦产量下降的机理.中国农业科学,34(3):330-333
李富宽,姜慧新. 2003.秸秆覆盖的作用与机理.当代畜牧,6:38-40
李晴,韩玉珠. 2009.国内外辣椒产业现状与发展趋势.湖北农业科学,48(9):2278-2281
李世清,李东方等. 2003.半干旱农田生态系统地膜覆盖的土壤生态效应.西北农林科技大学学报,31(5):21-29
李天来. 2005.我国日光温室产业发展现状与前景.沈阳农业大学学报,36(2):32-37
李卓,冯浩等. 2010.容重对土壤水分畜持能力影响模拟试验研究.土壤学报,47(4):611-620
刘冬青,辛淑荣等. 2003.不同覆盖方式对旱地棉田土壤环境及棉花产量的影响.干旱地区农业研究,21(2):18-21
刘庚山,郭安红等. 2004.不同覆盖对夏玉米叶片光合和水分利用效率日变化的影响.水土保持学报,18(2):152-156
刘立晶,高焕文等. 2004.玉米-小麦一年两熟保护性耕作体系试验研究.农业工程学报,20(3):70-73
刘鹏,刘庆忠等. 2004.栽培措施对果树光合作用的影响.落叶果树,36(1):16-19
刘小兰,李世清等. 2001.半干旱黄土高原地区春小麦地膜覆盖研究概述.西北植物学报,21(2):198-206
刘永忠,张克强等. 2005.旱地农业覆盖栽培技术研究进展.中国农学通报,21(5):202-205
刘裕玲,闫维根等. 1999.夏辣椒田覆草的效果及技术.中国蔬菜,4:39-40
罗义银,胡德平. 2000.小麦秸秆覆盖对玉米产量及土壤理化性质的影响.耕作与栽培,6:26
毛云玲,邓佳等. 2010.不同覆盖方式对云南干热河谷油橄榄园土壤温度、水分和容重的影响.西北农业学报,19(2):150-154
门旗,李毅等. 2003.地膜覆盖对土壤棵间蒸发影响的研究.灌溉排水学报,22(4):17-20
孟毅,蔡焕杰. 2005.麦秆覆盖对夏玉米的生长及水分利用的影响.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),33(6):131-135
牛一川,姚天明等. 2004.地膜覆盖栽培对冬小麦衰老进程的影响.麦类作物学报,24(3):90-92
潘瑞炽. 2000.植物生理学.北京:高等教育出版社,55-57
上官金虎. 2009.陕西辣椒产业现状、问题与发展对策.辣椒杂志,1
宋凤斌. 1991.玉米秸秆覆盖增产的土壤生态学基础.吉林农业大学学报,1991,13(2):4-7
宋秋华,李凤民等.2002.覆膜对春小麦农田微生物数量和土壤养分的影响.生态学报,22:2125-2132
苏衍涛,王凯荣等. 2008.稻草覆盖对红壤旱地土壤温度和水分的调控效应.农业环境科学学报,27(2):670-676
孙振纲,王安乐等. 2001.地膜覆盖对制种田玉米花期调节的研究.华北农学报,16(3):28-30
王晨平,高勇等. 2002.浅谈设施农业现状及发展趋势.现代化农业,4:29
王宏丽,邹志荣. 2008.西北地区设施园艺发展现状与对策探析.上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2008,26(5):377-381
王俊,李风民等. 2003.地膜覆盖和地墒灌溉对春小麦产量形成的影响.西北植物学报,23(5):735-738
王俊,李风民等. 2003.地膜覆盖对土壤水温和春小麦产量形成的影响.应用生态学报,14(2):205-210
王明权,李效栋等. 2007.覆盖免耕的节水效应与土壤温度的变化.甘肃农业大学学报,42(1):119-122
王绍辉,张振贤. 2002.秸秆覆盖与遮荫对生姜生长及理化特性的影响.中国生态农业学报,10(3):68-69
王树森,邓根之. 1991.地膜覆盖增温机制的研究.中国农业科学,24(3):74-78
王维,郑曙峰等. 2009.农田秸秆覆盖技术研究进展.安徽农业科学,37(18):8343-8346
王小彬,蔡典雄等. 2000.旱地玉米秸秆还田对土壤肥力的影响.中国农业科学,33(4):54-61
王永珍,刘润堂等. 2004.地膜覆盖导致番茄早衰的生理机制研究.山西农业大学学报,24(1):60-62
王有宁,王荣堂等. 2004.地膜覆盖作物农田光温效应研究.中国生态农业学报,12(3):134-136
王有宁,王世学. 2004.地膜覆盖玉米地的小气候效应.湖北农学院学报,24(3):166-169
吴兴,梁银丽等. 2011.覆盖方式对温室辣椒结果期生长和水分利用的影响.中国生态农业学报,19(1):54-58
夏自强,蒋洪庚. 1997.地膜覆盖对土壤温度、水分的影响及节水效益.河海大学学报,25(2):39-45
徐坤. 1999.地表秸秆覆盖对姜田小气候及生姜生长的影响.园艺学报,2:15-17
徐坤,李明国. 2000.地面覆草对生姜光合特性的影响.中国蔬菜,2:18-20
许海涛,王友华. 2008.小麦秸秆覆盖对夏玉米干物质生产及主要性状的影响.作物杂志,6
薛福祥. 2003.地膜不同覆盖方式对保护地黄瓜病害及生长发育的影响.甘肃农业大学学报,38(1):31-34
薛少平,朱琳等. 2002.麦草覆盖与地膜覆盖对旱地可持续利用的影响.农业工程学报,18(6):71-73
姚宝林,施炯林. 2008.秸秆覆盖免耕条件下土壤温度动态变化研究.安徽农业科学,36(3):1128-1129,1132
伊鸿平,赵永生. 2005.新疆设施因艺发展现状、问题及对策.农业工程学报,12(增):218-220
易美华. 2000.食品营养与健康.北京:中国轻工业出版社,51-53
翟胜,梁银丽等. 2007.地表覆盖对日光温室黄瓜生长发育及生理特性的影响.中国生态农业学报,15(2):73-77
翟胜,王巨媛等. 2005.地面覆盖对温室黄瓜生产及水分利用效率的影响.农业工程学报,21(10):129-133
张德奇,廖允成等. 2005.旱区地膜覆盖技术的研究进展及发展前景.干旱地区农业研究,23(1):208-213
张福墁. 2006.强化科技创新大力提升我国设施园艺现代化水平.沈阳农业大学学报,37(3):261-264
张福武,蔡立群等. 2008.免耕对土壤容重总孔隙度和水稳性团聚体的影响.甘肃农业科学,8:9-11
张继澍. 1999.植物生理学.西安:世界图书出版公司,278-280
张建国,张磊. 2001.旱地苹果园秸秆覆盖效应分析.山西水土保持科技,2:34-35
张立强,汪有科等. 2006.小麦高留茬田间水分效应研究.中国农学通报,22(11):461-466
张乃明. 2006.设施农业理论与实践.北京:化学工业出版社,1-15
张瑞华,战琨友等. 2007.有色膜覆盖对姜叶片色素含量及光合作用的影响.园艺学报,34(6):1465-1470
张亚红,李建设. 2000.日光温室空气湿度环境及除湿技术研究——地膜覆盖,稻草覆盖及膜下滴灌的降温效果和效应.宁夏农学院学报,21(3):32-38
张志国,徐琪. 1998.长期秸秆覆盖免耕对土壤某些理化性质及玉米产量的影响.土壤学报,35(3):384-391
赵长增,陆璐等. 2002.荒漠旱区梨园秸秆覆盖的节水效应及对梨树生长结果的影响.农业工程学报,18(4):32-36
中国耕作制度研究会. 1991.中国少耕免耕与覆盖技术研究.北京:北京科学技术出版社
周茂娟,梁银丽等. 2007.地表处理方式对日光温室辣椒水分利用效率及土壤硝态氮、速效磷分布的影响.应用生态学报,18(6):1393-1396
朱自玺,方文松等. 2000.麦秸和残茬覆盖对夏玉米农田小气候的影响.干旱地区农业研究,18(2):19-24
邹学校主编. 2002.中国辣椒北京:中国农业出版社:6
Broschat T K. 2007. Effects of Mulch Type and Fertilizer Placement on Weed Growth and Soil pH and Nutrient Content. Hort-Technology,17(2):174-177
Chen Zhi-Hua, Cai Li-Dong, Li Chong-Fa, ea all. 2009. Effects of long-term fertilization and mulch on soil fertility in contour hedgerow systems: A case study on steep lands from the Three Gorges Area, China. Nutrient cycling in agro ecosystems,84(1):39-48
Fang S Z, Xie B D, Zhang H C. 2007. Nitrogen dynamics and mineralization in degraded agricultural soil mulched with fresh grass. Plant Soil,300(1/2):269-280
Fonseca I.C.de B. ,Klar A.E.,Goto R.,et al. 2003. Colored polyethylene soil covers and grafting effects on cucumber flowering and yield. Scientia Agricola,60(4):643-649
Fudge Dou, Alan L. Wright, Frank M. Hons. 2006. Depth distribution of soil organic C and N after long-term soybean cropping in Texas. Soil﹠Tillage Research,2335-2341
Gajri P R, Arora V K, Prihar S.S. 2001. Tillage foe sustainable cropping. Food Products Press,86-87
Genty B., Briantais J. M., Baker N. R.. 1989. The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence. Biochemical Biophysical Acta,990:87-92
Gough R E. 2001. Color of plastic mulch affects lateral root development but not root system architecture in pepper. Hort-Science,36(1):66-68
Gui-hua Liu1, Li-ming Luo1, Bin Wang1, ea all. 2006. Comparison of genetic variation in populations of wild rice, Oryza rufipogon, plants and their soil seed banks. 7:909-917
Huang M. 2003. Effect of increased fertilizer applications to wheat crop on soil-water depletion in the Loess Plateau, China. Agricultural Water Management,58:267-278
Ji S, Unger P W. 2001. Soil water accumulation under different precipitation, potential evaporation and straw mulch conditions. Soil science society of America journal,65(2):442-448
Kar G, Kumar A. 2007. Effects of irrigation and starw mulch on water use and tuber yield of potato in eastern India. Agricultural water management,94(1-3):109-116
Kasperbauer M J, Wilkinson R E. 1995. Mulch surface color affects accumulation of epicuticular wax on developing leaves. Photochemistry and photobiology,62(5):940-944
Kasperbauer M J, Hunt P G. 1998. Far-red light affects photosynthate allocation and yield of tomato overred mulch. Crop science,38(4):970-974
Kirnak H, Kaya C, Higgs D, et al. 2003. Responses of drip irrigated bell pepper to water stress and different nitrogen levels with or without mulch cover. Journal of plant nutrition,26(2):263-277
Krause G. H., Weis E. 1991. Chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis. Annu. Rew. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol,42:313?349
Kuntal M. Hati, Anand Swarup, A. K. Dwivedi, et al. 2007. Changes in soil physical properties and organic carbon status at the topsoil horizon of a vertisol of central India after 28 years of continuous cropping, fertilization and manuring. Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,127-134.
Liang Y L, Zhang C E, Guo D W. 2002. Mulch types and their benefit in cropland ecosystems on the Loess Plateau in China. J Plant Nutr,25(5):945-955
Lin X G, Yin R, Zhang H Y. 2004. Changes of soil microbiological properties caused by land use changing from rice-wheat rotation to vegetable cultivation. Environmental geochemisty and health,26(2):119-128
Li Fengrui, Gao Chongyue, Zhao Halin.2002. Soil conservation effectiveness and energy efficiency of alternative rotations and continuous wheat cropping in the Loess Plateau of northwest China. Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,91:101-111
Li Kang Sien, Li Shao zhong, Zhang Fu sheng, et al. 2008. Transpiration and crop coefficient of spring maize with plastic mulch using eddy covariance in northwest China. Agricultural water management,95(11):1214-1222
Li Y S, Wu L H, Lu X H, et al. 2006. Soil microbial biomass as affected by non-flooded plastic mulching cultivation in rice. Biol Fertil Soils,43(1):107-111
Mashingsidze A B, Chivinge O A, Zishiri C. 1996. The effects of clear and black mulch on soil temperature,weed seed viability and seeding emergence,growth and yield of tomatoes. J. Appli. Sci. South Africa,2:6-14
Maxwell K., Johnson G. N. 2000. Chlorophyll fluorescence: A practical guide. Journal of Experiment Botany,51:659-668
Meulen E S, Vander N L, Cammeraat L H. 2006. Effects of irrigation and plastic mulch on soil propertied on the semiarid abandoned fields. Soil science society of America journal,70(3):930-940
PATRA D D, MUNIRAM, SINGH D V. 1993. Influence of straw mulching on fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency, moisture conservation and herb and essential oil yield in Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis L. ). Fertilizer Research,34:135-139
Pinamonti F. 1998. Compost mulch effects on soil ferility, nutritional status and performance of grapevine. Nutrient cycling in agro-ecosystems,51(3):239-248
Quezade M, Maria R, Munguia L. 1995. Plastic mulching and availability of soil nutrients in cucumber crop. TERRA(Mexico),13:136-147
Rangarajan A, Ingall B. 2001. Mulch color affects radicchio quality and yield. Hort-Science,36(7):1240-1243
Rice P J, Harman-Fetcho J A. 2004. Use of vegetative furrows to mitigate copper loads and soil loss in runoff from polythylene (plastic) mulch vegetable production systems. Environmental toxicology and chemisty,21:719-725
Rice P J, Harman-Fetcho J A, Sadeghi A M. 2007. Reducing Insecticide and Fungicide Loads in Runoffform Plastic Mulch with Vegetative Covered Furrows. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,55(4):1377-1384
Schreiber U., Bilger W., Neubauer G. 1994. Cholorphyll fluorescence: New instruments for special application // Schulze E. D., Caldwell M. M. Ecophysiology of Photosynthesis. Berlin: Springer-Verlag:147-150
Van Kooten O., Snel J. F. H. 1990. The use of chlorophyll nomenclature in plant stress physiology. Photosynthesis Research,25:147-150
Waddell J T, Weil R R. 1996. Water distribution in soil under ridge-till and no-till corn. Soil Science Soc Am J,60:230-237
Wang J. L., Yu G. R., Fang Q. X., et al. 2008. Responses of water use efficiency of 9 plant species to light and CO2 and their modeling. Acta Ecologica Sinica,28(2):525-533
Wang Q R, Waldemar Y, Li Y C. 2005. Influence of cover crops and irrigation rates on tomato yields and quality in a subtropical region. Hortscience,40(7):2125-2131
Wang Qing ren, Klassen Waldemar, Li Yun cong, et al. 2009. Cover Crops and Organic Mulch to Improve Tomato Yields and Soil Fertility. Agronomy journal,101(2):345-351
Yu J Q, Matsui Y. 1994. Phytotoxic substance in root exudates of cucumber(Cucumis staivus L.). J Chem Ecol,20:21-30
Yu J Q. 1999. Autoxic potential in vegetable crops, In:Allelopathy Update-basic and Applied Aspects(Ed., S.S. Narwal):149-162
鲍士旦. 2000.土壤农化分析.北京:中国农业出版社,63-69
卜玉山,苗果园等. 2006.地膜和秸秆覆盖土壤肥力效应分析与比较.中国农业科学,39(5):1069-1075
蔡晓布,钱成等. 2003.秸秆还田对西藏中部退化土壤环境的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,9(4): 411-415
曹广俊. 2007.西北地区辣椒生产现状及发展对策.甘肃农业科技,2
曹卫星. 2006.作物栽培学总论.北京:科学出版社,153-160
陈典,于锡宏等. 1996.地膜覆盖对大蒜生长发育及产量的影响.东北农业大学学报,27(4):349-353
陈克农,宋颖琦等. 2000.温室番茄地膜覆盖对土壤理化性质和产量影响.北方园艺,4:59
陈素英,张喜英等. 2002.秸秆覆盖对夏玉米生长过程及水分利用的影响.干旱地区农业研究,(4):55-57
程仁平. 1996.行间覆草对西瓜、辣椒、番茄产量的影响.长江蔬菜,8:24-25
程永安. 2003.辣椒无公害生产技术.北京:中国农业出版社
崔凤俊,王国柱等. 1998.秸秆覆盖对棉田土壤的影响.中国棉花,25(5):7-9
杜社妮,白岗栓. 2007.玉米地膜覆盖的土壤环境效应.干旱地区农业研究,25(5):56-59
杜尧东,刘作新等. 2000.冬小麦田秸秆覆盖的小气候效应.生态学杂志,19(3):20-23
段德玉,刘小京等. 2003.夏玉米地膜覆盖栽培的生态效应研究.干旱地区农业研究,21(4):6-9
方文松,朱自玺等. 2009.秸秆覆盖农田的小气候特征和增产机理研究.干旱地区农业研究,27(6):123-128
高德明,梅旭荣等. 1999.晋东旱区农作物秸秆资源综合利用模式研究.自然资源学报,14(3):258-264
高俊风. 2000.植物生理学试验技术.西安:世界图书出版公司
郜庆炉. 2003.设施农作制度.北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,1-6
巩杰,黄高宝等. 2003.旱作麦田秸秆覆盖的生态综合效应研究.干旱地区农业研究,21(3):69-73
郭来锁,杨万仓. 2000.对设施农业发展的认识与实践.科研管理,21(3):56-59
何芬,马承伟. 2007.中国设施农业发展现状与对策分析.中国农学通报,23(3):462-465
贺欢,田长彦等. 2009.不同覆盖方式对新疆棉田土壤温度和水分的影响.干旱区研究,26(6):826-831
黄真国,黄秀敏. 1999.对发展现代设施农业的思考.河南农业科学,7:15-16
胡明芳,田长彦. 2003.新疆棉田地膜覆盖耕层土壤温度效应研究.中国生态农业学报,11(3): 128-130
胡实,彭娜等. 2007.农田秸秆覆盖保墒研究.中国农业气象,28(1):49-53
胡实,谢小立等. 2008.秸秆覆盖对夏玉米田棵间蒸发和近地层气象要素的影响.中国农业气象,29(2):170-173
姜成,申晓慧. 2009.有机肥和地膜覆盖对辣椒生长发育及产量影响.核农学报,23(5):879-883
李凤民,鄢旬等. 2001.地膜覆盖导致春小麦产量下降的机理.中国农业科学,34(3):330-333
李富宽,姜慧新. 2003.秸秆覆盖的作用与机理.当代畜牧,6:38-40
李晴,韩玉珠. 2009.国内外辣椒产业现状与发展趋势.湖北农业科学,48(9):2278-2281
李世清,李东方等. 2003.半干旱农田生态系统地膜覆盖的土壤生态效应.西北农林科技大学学报,31(5):21-29
李天来. 2005.我国日光温室产业发展现状与前景.沈阳农业大学学报,36(2):32-37
李卓,冯浩等. 2010.容重对土壤水分畜持能力影响模拟试验研究.土壤学报,47(4):611-620
刘冬青,辛淑荣等. 2003.不同覆盖方式对旱地棉田土壤环境及棉花产量的影响.干旱地区农业研究,21(2):18-21
刘庚山,郭安红等. 2004.不同覆盖对夏玉米叶片光合和水分利用效率日变化的影响.水土保持学报,18(2):152-156
刘立晶,高焕文等. 2004.玉米-小麦一年两熟保护性耕作体系试验研究.农业工程学报,20(3):70-73
刘鹏,刘庆忠等. 2004.栽培措施对果树光合作用的影响.落叶果树,36(1):16-19
刘小兰,李世清等. 2001.半干旱黄土高原地区春小麦地膜覆盖研究概述.西北植物学报,21(2):198-206
刘永忠,张克强等. 2005.旱地农业覆盖栽培技术研究进展.中国农学通报,21(5):202-205
刘裕玲,闫维根等. 1999.夏辣椒田覆草的效果及技术.中国蔬菜,4:39-40
罗义银,胡德平. 2000.小麦秸秆覆盖对玉米产量及土壤理化性质的影响.耕作与栽培,6:26
毛云玲,邓佳等. 2010.不同覆盖方式对云南干热河谷油橄榄园土壤温度、水分和容重的影响.西北农业学报,19(2):150-154
门旗,李毅等. 2003.地膜覆盖对土壤棵间蒸发影响的研究.灌溉排水学报,22(4):17-20
孟毅,蔡焕杰. 2005.麦秆覆盖对夏玉米的生长及水分利用的影响.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),33(6):131-135
牛一川,姚天明等. 2004.地膜覆盖栽培对冬小麦衰老进程的影响.麦类作物学报,24(3):90-92
潘瑞炽. 2000.植物生理学.北京:高等教育出版社,55-57
上官金虎. 2009.陕西辣椒产业现状、问题与发展对策.辣椒杂志,1
宋凤斌. 1991.玉米秸秆覆盖增产的土壤生态学基础.吉林农业大学学报,1991,13(2):4-7
宋秋华,李凤民等.2002.覆膜对春小麦农田微生物数量和土壤养分的影响.生态学报,22:2125-2132
苏衍涛,王凯荣等. 2008.稻草覆盖对红壤旱地土壤温度和水分的调控效应.农业环境科学学报,27(2):670-676
孙振纲,王安乐等. 2001.地膜覆盖对制种田玉米花期调节的研究.华北农学报,16(3):28-30
王晨平,高勇等. 2002.浅谈设施农业现状及发展趋势.现代化农业,4:29
王宏丽,邹志荣. 2008.西北地区设施园艺发展现状与对策探析.上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2008,26(5):377-381
王俊,李风民等. 2003.地膜覆盖和地墒灌溉对春小麦产量形成的影响.西北植物学报,23(5):735-738
王俊,李风民等. 2003.地膜覆盖对土壤水温和春小麦产量形成的影响.应用生态学报,14(2):205-210
王明权,李效栋等. 2007.覆盖免耕的节水效应与土壤温度的变化.甘肃农业大学学报,42(1):119-122
王绍辉,张振贤. 2002.秸秆覆盖与遮荫对生姜生长及理化特性的影响.中国生态农业学报,10(3):68-69
王树森,邓根之. 1991.地膜覆盖增温机制的研究.中国农业科学,24(3):74-78
王维,郑曙峰等. 2009.农田秸秆覆盖技术研究进展.安徽农业科学,37(18):8343-8346
王小彬,蔡典雄等. 2000.旱地玉米秸秆还田对土壤肥力的影响.中国农业科学,33(4):54-61
王永珍,刘润堂等. 2004.地膜覆盖导致番茄早衰的生理机制研究.山西农业大学学报,24(1):60-62
王有宁,王荣堂等. 2004.地膜覆盖作物农田光温效应研究.中国生态农业学报,12(3):134-136
王有宁,王世学. 2004.地膜覆盖玉米地的小气候效应.湖北农学院学报,24(3):166-169
吴兴,梁银丽等. 2011.覆盖方式对温室辣椒结果期生长和水分利用的影响.中国生态农业学报,19(1):54-58
夏自强,蒋洪庚. 1997.地膜覆盖对土壤温度、水分的影响及节水效益.河海大学学报,25(2):39-45
徐坤. 1999.地表秸秆覆盖对姜田小气候及生姜生长的影响.园艺学报,2:15-17
徐坤,李明国. 2000.地面覆草对生姜光合特性的影响.中国蔬菜,2:18-20
许海涛,王友华. 2008.小麦秸秆覆盖对夏玉米干物质生产及主要性状的影响.作物杂志,6
薛福祥. 2003.地膜不同覆盖方式对保护地黄瓜病害及生长发育的影响.甘肃农业大学学报,38(1):31-34
薛少平,朱琳等. 2002.麦草覆盖与地膜覆盖对旱地可持续利用的影响.农业工程学报,18(6):71-73
姚宝林,施炯林. 2008.秸秆覆盖免耕条件下土壤温度动态变化研究.安徽农业科学,36(3):1128-1129,1132
伊鸿平,赵永生. 2005.新疆设施因艺发展现状、问题及对策.农业工程学报,12(增):218-220
易美华. 2000.食品营养与健康.北京:中国轻工业出版社,51-53
翟胜,梁银丽等. 2007.地表覆盖对日光温室黄瓜生长发育及生理特性的影响.中国生态农业学报,15(2):73-77
翟胜,王巨媛等. 2005.地面覆盖对温室黄瓜生产及水分利用效率的影响.农业工程学报,21(10):129-133
张德奇,廖允成等. 2005.旱区地膜覆盖技术的研究进展及发展前景.干旱地区农业研究,23(1):208-213
张福墁. 2006.强化科技创新大力提升我国设施园艺现代化水平.沈阳农业大学学报,37(3):261-264
张福武,蔡立群等. 2008.免耕对土壤容重总孔隙度和水稳性团聚体的影响.甘肃农业科学,8:9-11
张继澍. 1999.植物生理学.西安:世界图书出版公司,278-280
张建国,张磊. 2001.旱地苹果园秸秆覆盖效应分析.山西水土保持科技,2:34-35
张立强,汪有科等. 2006.小麦高留茬田间水分效应研究.中国农学通报,22(11):461-466
张乃明. 2006.设施农业理论与实践.北京:化学工业出版社,1-15
张瑞华,战琨友等. 2007.有色膜覆盖对姜叶片色素含量及光合作用的影响.园艺学报,34(6):1465-1470
张亚红,李建设. 2000.日光温室空气湿度环境及除湿技术研究——地膜覆盖,稻草覆盖及膜下滴灌的降温效果和效应.宁夏农学院学报,21(3):32-38
张志国,徐琪. 1998.长期秸秆覆盖免耕对土壤某些理化性质及玉米产量的影响.土壤学报,35(3):384-391
赵长增,陆璐等. 2002.荒漠旱区梨园秸秆覆盖的节水效应及对梨树生长结果的影响.农业工程学报,18(4):32-36
中国耕作制度研究会. 1991.中国少耕免耕与覆盖技术研究.北京:北京科学技术出版社
周茂娟,梁银丽等. 2007.地表处理方式对日光温室辣椒水分利用效率及土壤硝态氮、速效磷分布的影响.应用生态学报,18(6):1393-1396
朱自玺,方文松等. 2000.麦秸和残茬覆盖对夏玉米农田小气候的影响.干旱地区农业研究,18(2):19-24
邹学校主编. 2002.中国辣椒北京:中国农业出版社:6
Broschat T K. 2007. Effects of Mulch Type and Fertilizer Placement on Weed Growth and Soil pH and Nutrient Content. Hort-Technology,17(2):174-177
Chen Zhi-Hua, Cai Li-Dong, Li Chong-Fa, ea all. 2009. Effects of long-term fertilization and mulch on soil fertility in contour hedgerow systems: A case study on steep lands from the Three Gorges Area, China. Nutrient cycling in agro ecosystems,84(1):39-48
Fang S Z, Xie B D, Zhang H C. 2007. Nitrogen dynamics and mineralization in degraded agricultural soil mulched with fresh grass. Plant Soil,300(1/2):269-280
Fonseca I.C.de B. ,Klar A.E.,Goto R.,et al. 2003. Colored polyethylene soil covers and grafting effects on cucumber flowering and yield. Scientia Agricola,60(4):643-649
Fudge Dou, Alan L. Wright, Frank M. Hons. 2006. Depth distribution of soil organic C and N after long-term soybean cropping in Texas. Soil﹠Tillage Research,2335-2341
Gajri P R, Arora V K, Prihar S.S. 2001. Tillage foe sustainable cropping. Food Products Press,86-87
Genty B., Briantais J. M., Baker N. R.. 1989. The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence. Biochemical Biophysical Acta,990:87-92
Gough R E. 2001. Color of plastic mulch affects lateral root development but not root system architecture in pepper. Hort-Science,36(1):66-68
Gui-hua Liu1, Li-ming Luo1, Bin Wang1, ea all. 2006. Comparison of genetic variation in populations of wild rice, Oryza rufipogon, plants and their soil seed banks. 7:909-917
Huang M. 2003. Effect of increased fertilizer applications to wheat crop on soil-water depletion in the Loess Plateau, China. Agricultural Water Management,58:267-278
Ji S, Unger P W. 2001. Soil water accumulation under different precipitation, potential evaporation and straw mulch conditions. Soil science society of America journal,65(2):442-448
Kar G, Kumar A. 2007. Effects of irrigation and starw mulch on water use and tuber yield of potato in eastern India. Agricultural water management,94(1-3):109-116
Kasperbauer M J, Wilkinson R E. 1995. Mulch surface color affects accumulation of epicuticular wax on developing leaves. Photochemistry and photobiology,62(5):940-944
Kasperbauer M J, Hunt P G. 1998. Far-red light affects photosynthate allocation and yield of tomato overred mulch. Crop science,38(4):970-974
Kirnak H, Kaya C, Higgs D, et al. 2003. Responses of drip irrigated bell pepper to water stress and different nitrogen levels with or without mulch cover. Journal of plant nutrition,26(2):263-277
Krause G. H., Weis E. 1991. Chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis. Annu. Rew. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol,42:313?349
Kuntal M. Hati, Anand Swarup, A. K. Dwivedi, et al. 2007. Changes in soil physical properties and organic carbon status at the topsoil horizon of a vertisol of central India after 28 years of continuous cropping, fertilization and manuring. Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,127-134.
Liang Y L, Zhang C E, Guo D W. 2002. Mulch types and their benefit in cropland ecosystems on the Loess Plateau in China. J Plant Nutr,25(5):945-955
Lin X G, Yin R, Zhang H Y. 2004. Changes of soil microbiological properties caused by land use changing from rice-wheat rotation to vegetable cultivation. Environmental geochemisty and health,26(2):119-128
Li Fengrui, Gao Chongyue, Zhao Halin.2002. Soil conservation effectiveness and energy efficiency of alternative rotations and continuous wheat cropping in the Loess Plateau of northwest China. Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,91:101-111
Li Kang Sien, Li Shao zhong, Zhang Fu sheng, et al. 2008. Transpiration and crop coefficient of spring maize with plastic mulch using eddy covariance in northwest China. Agricultural water management,95(11):1214-1222
Li Y S, Wu L H, Lu X H, et al. 2006. Soil microbial biomass as affected by non-flooded plastic mulching cultivation in rice. Biol Fertil Soils,43(1):107-111
Mashingsidze A B, Chivinge O A, Zishiri C. 1996. The effects of clear and black mulch on soil temperature,weed seed viability and seeding emergence,growth and yield of tomatoes. J. Appli. Sci. South Africa,2:6-14
Maxwell K., Johnson G. N. 2000. Chlorophyll fluorescence: A practical guide. Journal of Experiment Botany,51:659-668
Meulen E S, Vander N L, Cammeraat L H. 2006. Effects of irrigation and plastic mulch on soil propertied on the semiarid abandoned fields. Soil science society of America journal,70(3):930-940
PATRA D D, MUNIRAM, SINGH D V. 1993. Influence of straw mulching on fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency, moisture conservation and herb and essential oil yield in Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis L. ). Fertilizer Research,34:135-139
Pinamonti F. 1998. Compost mulch effects on soil ferility, nutritional status and performance of grapevine. Nutrient cycling in agro-ecosystems,51(3):239-248
Quezade M, Maria R, Munguia L. 1995. Plastic mulching and availability of soil nutrients in cucumber crop. TERRA(Mexico),13:136-147
Rangarajan A, Ingall B. 2001. Mulch color affects radicchio quality and yield. Hort-Science,36(7):1240-1243
Rice P J, Harman-Fetcho J A. 2004. Use of vegetative furrows to mitigate copper loads and soil loss in runoff from polythylene (plastic) mulch vegetable production systems. Environmental toxicology and chemisty,21:719-725
Rice P J, Harman-Fetcho J A, Sadeghi A M. 2007. Reducing Insecticide and Fungicide Loads in Runoffform Plastic Mulch with Vegetative Covered Furrows. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,55(4):1377-1384
Schreiber U., Bilger W., Neubauer G. 1994. Cholorphyll fluorescence: New instruments for special application // Schulze E. D., Caldwell M. M. Ecophysiology of Photosynthesis. Berlin: Springer-Verlag:147-150
Van Kooten O., Snel J. F. H. 1990. The use of chlorophyll nomenclature in plant stress physiology. Photosynthesis Research,25:147-150
Waddell J T, Weil R R. 1996. Water distribution in soil under ridge-till and no-till corn. Soil Science Soc Am J,60:230-237
Wang J. L., Yu G. R., Fang Q. X., et al. 2008. Responses of water use efficiency of 9 plant species to light and CO2 and their modeling. Acta Ecologica Sinica,28(2):525-533
Wang Q R, Waldemar Y, Li Y C. 2005. Influence of cover crops and irrigation rates on tomato yields and quality in a subtropical region. Hortscience,40(7):2125-2131
Wang Qing ren, Klassen Waldemar, Li Yun cong, et al. 2009. Cover Crops and Organic Mulch to Improve Tomato Yields and Soil Fertility. Agronomy journal,101(2):345-351
Yu J Q, Matsui Y. 1994. Phytotoxic substance in root exudates of cucumber(Cucumis staivus L.). J Chem Ecol,20:21-30
Yu J Q. 1999. Autoxic potential in vegetable crops, In:Allelopathy Update-basic and Applied Aspects(Ed., S.S. Narwal):149-162