南方鲇幼鱼对三大营养素需求量的研究
摘要
360尾南方鲇(silurus meridionalis chen)幼鱼随机分成24组,饲养于24个水泥池(1.4×2m)中。共设计了21种日粮,前20种日粮随机的分配到20个水泥池;第21种日粮饲喂4个水泥池,作为试验的修正值。试验日粮的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物设定的范围分别是33%—51%、3%—18%、24%—33%。本试验共持续了40天。本文主要探索2.0±0.4g南方鲇幼鱼对三种主要营养素(蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物)的需求量。
试验结果表明:(1)南方鲇幼鱼在蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物范围分别为:39%—48%、6%—12%、24%—30%,日粮能量水平在17.7—19.7KJ/g之间,能获得较好的生长。(2)不同营养素水平,对鱼体中的蛋白质沉积无明显影响;肌肉中脂肪水平随着日粮中脂肪和碳水化合物水平的增加而增加;碳水化合物含量为33%时,肌肉中的碳水化合物的沉积量显著高于其他几个组(P＜0.05);(3)脏体比和肠脂比有随着日粮中脂肪水平升高而升高的趋势,脂肪水平9%—15%,肝脏中沉积的脂肪含量随着日粮中脂肪含量的增加而增加,肝脏中的碳水化合物沉积受日量中添加碳水化合物水平影响,且有显著差异(P＜0.05),当碳水化合物含量为33%时,肝脏中碳水化合物的沉积量显著的高于其他几个碳水化合物组(P＜0.05)。(4)不同脂肪水平血浆中的谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、甘油三酯(TG)和极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)差异不显著(P＞0.05);脂肪15、18组血浆中的总蛋白(TP)显著的低于其他各组(P＜0.05);脂肪18组的白蛋白(ALB)显著低于其他组(P＜0.05),脂肪15和18组的球蛋白(GLO)显著的低于其他组(P＜0.05)。南方鲇幼鱼日粮中适宜的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、能量和能蛋比需求量分别为39%—48%、6%—12%、24%—30%、17.6—19.7kJ/g、36.7—46.7kJ/g。
360 Southern catfish juvenile(silurus meridionalis chen)were randomly divided into 24 groups,and randomly distributed to 24 cement pits(1.4×2m),21 diets were designed in this test.20 diets were fed to fish in single cement pond,while 1 diet was fed to fish in four replicate ponds to estimate inter-pond variation.The experiment lasted for 40 days.Protein,lipid and carbohydrate were varied between 33%—51%, 3%—18%,24%—33%,respectively.The aim of this study was to determine optimal macronutrient composition of formulated diets for Southern catfish(2.0±0.4g) juvenile.
These results clearly showed:(1)at dietary protein 39%—48%,with corresponding to dietary lipid 6%—12%and carbohydrate 24%—30%,and with digestible energy 17.6—19.7kJ/g,Southern catfish juvenile,SGR was higher. (2)There were not affected by nutrients at different level;The lipid in muscle increased with increasing dietary lipid level and carbohydrate;At carbohydrate 33%, the carbohydrate inclusion in muscle were higher than other group(P＜0.05).(3)RBB and FWB were increased with increasing dietary lipid level,at lipid 9%—15%,the lipid in liver increased with increasing dietary lipid level;The carbohydrate content in liver were affected by dietary carbohydrate level(P＜0.05).At carbohydrate 33%,the carbohydrate inclusion in liver were higher than other group(P＜0.05);(4)GPT,TG and VLDL were not statistically difference by different lipid levels(P＞0.05).The TP of lipid15 and 18 was statistically lower than the other groups(P＜0.05),the ALB of lipid 18 statistically lower than the other groups(P＜0.05);the GLO of 15 and 18 were statisitically lower than the other groups(F＜0.05).In conclusion.The optimal dietary protein,lipid,carbohydrate,digestible energy and D/P level of Southern catfish juvenile were 39%—48%,6%—12%,26%—29%,17.6—19.7kJ/g,36.7—46.7kJ/g,respectively.
试验结果表明:(1)南方鲇幼鱼在蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物范围分别为:39%—48%、6%—12%、24%—30%,日粮能量水平在17.7—19.7KJ/g之间,能获得较好的生长。(2)不同营养素水平,对鱼体中的蛋白质沉积无明显影响;肌肉中脂肪水平随着日粮中脂肪和碳水化合物水平的增加而增加;碳水化合物含量为33%时,肌肉中的碳水化合物的沉积量显著高于其他几个组(P＜0.05);(3)脏体比和肠脂比有随着日粮中脂肪水平升高而升高的趋势,脂肪水平9%—15%,肝脏中沉积的脂肪含量随着日粮中脂肪含量的增加而增加,肝脏中的碳水化合物沉积受日量中添加碳水化合物水平影响,且有显著差异(P＜0.05),当碳水化合物含量为33%时,肝脏中碳水化合物的沉积量显著的高于其他几个碳水化合物组(P＜0.05)。(4)不同脂肪水平血浆中的谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、甘油三酯(TG)和极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)差异不显著(P＞0.05);脂肪15、18组血浆中的总蛋白(TP)显著的低于其他各组(P＜0.05);脂肪18组的白蛋白(ALB)显著低于其他组(P＜0.05),脂肪15和18组的球蛋白(GLO)显著的低于其他组(P＜0.05)。南方鲇幼鱼日粮中适宜的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、能量和能蛋比需求量分别为39%—48%、6%—12%、24%—30%、17.6—19.7kJ/g、36.7—46.7kJ/g。
360 Southern catfish juvenile(silurus meridionalis chen)were randomly divided into 24 groups,and randomly distributed to 24 cement pits(1.4×2m),21 diets were designed in this test.20 diets were fed to fish in single cement pond,while 1 diet was fed to fish in four replicate ponds to estimate inter-pond variation.The experiment lasted for 40 days.Protein,lipid and carbohydrate were varied between 33%—51%, 3%—18%,24%—33%,respectively.The aim of this study was to determine optimal macronutrient composition of formulated diets for Southern catfish(2.0±0.4g) juvenile.
These results clearly showed:(1)at dietary protein 39%—48%,with corresponding to dietary lipid 6%—12%and carbohydrate 24%—30%,and with digestible energy 17.6—19.7kJ/g,Southern catfish juvenile,SGR was higher. (2)There were not affected by nutrients at different level;The lipid in muscle increased with increasing dietary lipid level and carbohydrate;At carbohydrate 33%, the carbohydrate inclusion in muscle were higher than other group(P＜0.05).(3)RBB and FWB were increased with increasing dietary lipid level,at lipid 9%—15%,the lipid in liver increased with increasing dietary lipid level;The carbohydrate content in liver were affected by dietary carbohydrate level(P＜0.05).At carbohydrate 33%,the carbohydrate inclusion in liver were higher than other group(P＜0.05);(4)GPT,TG and VLDL were not statistically difference by different lipid levels(P＞0.05).The TP of lipid15 and 18 was statistically lower than the other groups(P＜0.05),the ALB of lipid 18 statistically lower than the other groups(P＜0.05);the GLO of 15 and 18 were statisitically lower than the other groups(F＜0.05).In conclusion.The optimal dietary protein,lipid,carbohydrate,digestible energy and D/P level of Southern catfish juvenile were 39%—48%,6%—12%,26%—29%,17.6—19.7kJ/g,36.7—46.7kJ/g,respectively.
引文
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