淹没序批式膜生物反应器反硝化除磷特性研究
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摘要
反硝化除磷系统可以充分利用废水中已有的碳源进行反硝化脱氮,节约碳源,减少温室气体CO_2的排放量,同时可节省曝气量和减少污泥产量,是一种可持续的清洁废水处理工艺,本课题采用自制的淹没序批式膜生物反应器(SMSBR),通过厌氧—好氧及厌氧—沉淀换水—缺氧两个阶段的培养驯化,达到了良好的同时脱氮除磷效果,基于培养驯化成功的活性污泥系统,开展了反硝化除磷系统影响因素的静态烧杯试验,并对反硝化除磷微生物种群、新陈代谢机理和污染物去除动力学模型开展了相关研究,主要研究成果如下:
(1)反硝化除磷系统存在合理释磷和吸磷时间,与系统碳源浓度、缺氧段硝酸盐浓度以及聚磷菌内PHB、糖原质和聚磷含量有关,试验表明,本系统厌氧时间维持在2h,缺氧时间维持在3h较合理,过长的厌氧时间对有效释磷并无帮助,反而会增加HRT,缺氧时间过长会导致内源释磷。
(2)碳源浓度、缺氧段硝酸盐浓度及污泥停留时间(SRT)对反硝化除磷效果影响较大,试验表明,SMSBR系统在进水COD_(cr)250mg/L、缺氧段NO_3~--N55mg/L、SRT维持在20～30d时去除效果较好。
(3)系统在最佳运行工况条件下能达到较稳定的去除率,COD、PO_4~(3-)-P和NO_3~--N去除率都在95%以上,比传统生物脱氮除磷工艺要节省58%的碳源,但同时应注意反应条件的控制,特别是pH值要控制在碱性条件下运行,当监测到污泥活性下降时,可以通过短时曝气恢复污泥活性。
(4)稳定运行情况下的PH值周期变化规律与磷变化曲线有很大的相关性,因此利用pH值实现在线自动控制反硝化除磷工艺将具有一定的可行性。
(5)试验表明,在厌氧—缺氧环境下运行的反硝化除磷菌能以O_2、NO_3~--N、NO_2~--N为电子受体进行吸磷,但好氧吸磷比缺氧吸磷速率要大,平均速率分别为13.12 mgPO_4~(3—)P·g~(-1)SS·h~(-1)和11.72 mg PO_4~(3-)-P·g~(-1)SS·h~(-1),亚硝酸盐氮为电子受体时存在抑制浓度上限,试验表明为25mg/L。
(6)微生物周期活性指标测试发现,厌氧段污泥浓度、挥发性成分和内源SOUR比缺氧段大,缺氧结束后污泥含磷量增加到10.35%,表现为超过生理需求的吸磷能力。
Denitrification phosphorus removal system can take full advantage of the carbon in wastewater to be conducted for denitrification,;nitrate at the same time can be used as a electronic receptor for accumulation of phosphorus,which can bring lots of advantages,such as simplifying the process,saving and reducing the product of sludge,as well as the reduction of greenhouse gas CO_2 emissions,it is a sustainable clean wastewater treatment process.This paper utilized artificial Submerged membrane Sequencing Batch bioreactor(SMSBR),and adopted two phases of training domesticated mode:anaerobic-aerobic and anaerobic-precipitation water change-anoxic,which achieve a good effect of nitrogen and phosphorus removal simultaneously.Based on the successful cultivation of domesticated activated sludge system,we developed research on the effects of denitrification phosphorus system factors,denitrification phosphorus accumulating organisms and its metabolic mechanism and dynamic model,main research results are as follows:
(1)denitrification phosphorus removal system exists reasonable time for phosphorus release and uptake,which has relationship with carbon and nitrate concentration in the system,the quantity of PHB,glycogen and poly phosphate,the study showed that the system anaerobic and anoxic time maintained reasonablely at 2 and 3 hours relatively,long time on the effective anaerobic phosphorus release does not help,but will increase HRT,long time will lead to anoxic endogenous phosphorus release.
(2)the system could be contrled best removal level under such condition: COD_(cr)250mg/L,NO_3~--N55mg/L,SRT20～30d.
(3)under best operating conditions the pollutant removal efficiency can achieve above 95%,compared with traditional biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process,it can save 58 pencent of the carbon source and 30 pencent of the aeration capacity,but should pay attention to the control of reaction conditions,in particular the control of pH in alkaline conditions to run,when to sludge monitoring activity to decline,through short-term aeration Sludge resume activity.
(4)under stable operation the changes of pH and phosphorus cycle curves have great relevance,therefore using online pH to achieve automatic control denitrification phosphorus removal process will have a certain feasibility.
(5)experiment showed that denitrifying bacteria Phosphorus running in anaerobic-anoxic environment can use O_2,NO_3~--N,NO_2~--N as electronic receptor for the conduct of absorption of phosphorus,but aerobic phosphorus uptaken is higer than anoxic conditions.The value is relatively 13.12 and 11.72 mg PO_4~(3-)-P·g~(-1)SS·h~(-1). when concentration of NO_2~--N is above 25mg/L,it become a Inhibition for phosphorus uptake.
(6)microbial cycle activity indicators research found that anaerobic sludge concentration,volatile components and interior Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate(SOUR) is higer than anoxic phase,the content of phosphorus in the slugde at the end of anoxic increased 10.35 percent,showing the capacity for phosphorus uptake more than physiological phosphorus absorption capacity.
(1)反硝化除磷系统存在合理释磷和吸磷时间,与系统碳源浓度、缺氧段硝酸盐浓度以及聚磷菌内PHB、糖原质和聚磷含量有关,试验表明,本系统厌氧时间维持在2h,缺氧时间维持在3h较合理,过长的厌氧时间对有效释磷并无帮助,反而会增加HRT,缺氧时间过长会导致内源释磷。
(2)碳源浓度、缺氧段硝酸盐浓度及污泥停留时间(SRT)对反硝化除磷效果影响较大,试验表明,SMSBR系统在进水COD_(cr)250mg/L、缺氧段NO_3~--N55mg/L、SRT维持在20～30d时去除效果较好。
(3)系统在最佳运行工况条件下能达到较稳定的去除率,COD、PO_4~(3-)-P和NO_3~--N去除率都在95%以上,比传统生物脱氮除磷工艺要节省58%的碳源,但同时应注意反应条件的控制,特别是pH值要控制在碱性条件下运行,当监测到污泥活性下降时,可以通过短时曝气恢复污泥活性。
(4)稳定运行情况下的PH值周期变化规律与磷变化曲线有很大的相关性,因此利用pH值实现在线自动控制反硝化除磷工艺将具有一定的可行性。
(5)试验表明,在厌氧—缺氧环境下运行的反硝化除磷菌能以O_2、NO_3~--N、NO_2~--N为电子受体进行吸磷,但好氧吸磷比缺氧吸磷速率要大,平均速率分别为13.12 mgPO_4~(3—)P·g~(-1)SS·h~(-1)和11.72 mg PO_4~(3-)-P·g~(-1)SS·h~(-1),亚硝酸盐氮为电子受体时存在抑制浓度上限,试验表明为25mg/L。
(6)微生物周期活性指标测试发现,厌氧段污泥浓度、挥发性成分和内源SOUR比缺氧段大,缺氧结束后污泥含磷量增加到10.35%,表现为超过生理需求的吸磷能力。
Denitrification phosphorus removal system can take full advantage of the carbon in wastewater to be conducted for denitrification,;nitrate at the same time can be used as a electronic receptor for accumulation of phosphorus,which can bring lots of advantages,such as simplifying the process,saving and reducing the product of sludge,as well as the reduction of greenhouse gas CO_2 emissions,it is a sustainable clean wastewater treatment process.This paper utilized artificial Submerged membrane Sequencing Batch bioreactor(SMSBR),and adopted two phases of training domesticated mode:anaerobic-aerobic and anaerobic-precipitation water change-anoxic,which achieve a good effect of nitrogen and phosphorus removal simultaneously.Based on the successful cultivation of domesticated activated sludge system,we developed research on the effects of denitrification phosphorus system factors,denitrification phosphorus accumulating organisms and its metabolic mechanism and dynamic model,main research results are as follows:
(1)denitrification phosphorus removal system exists reasonable time for phosphorus release and uptake,which has relationship with carbon and nitrate concentration in the system,the quantity of PHB,glycogen and poly phosphate,the study showed that the system anaerobic and anoxic time maintained reasonablely at 2 and 3 hours relatively,long time on the effective anaerobic phosphorus release does not help,but will increase HRT,long time will lead to anoxic endogenous phosphorus release.
(2)the system could be contrled best removal level under such condition: COD_(cr)250mg/L,NO_3~--N55mg/L,SRT20～30d.
(3)under best operating conditions the pollutant removal efficiency can achieve above 95%,compared with traditional biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process,it can save 58 pencent of the carbon source and 30 pencent of the aeration capacity,but should pay attention to the control of reaction conditions,in particular the control of pH in alkaline conditions to run,when to sludge monitoring activity to decline,through short-term aeration Sludge resume activity.
(4)under stable operation the changes of pH and phosphorus cycle curves have great relevance,therefore using online pH to achieve automatic control denitrification phosphorus removal process will have a certain feasibility.
(5)experiment showed that denitrifying bacteria Phosphorus running in anaerobic-anoxic environment can use O_2,NO_3~--N,NO_2~--N as electronic receptor for the conduct of absorption of phosphorus,but aerobic phosphorus uptaken is higer than anoxic conditions.The value is relatively 13.12 and 11.72 mg PO_4~(3-)-P·g~(-1)SS·h~(-1). when concentration of NO_2~--N is above 25mg/L,it become a Inhibition for phosphorus uptake.
(6)microbial cycle activity indicators research found that anaerobic sludge concentration,volatile components and interior Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate(SOUR) is higer than anoxic phase,the content of phosphorus in the slugde at the end of anoxic increased 10.35 percent,showing the capacity for phosphorus uptake more than physiological phosphorus absorption capacity.
引文
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