微电网三相并网逆变器硬件研究与设计
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摘要
微电网系统的电能通常是由多种分布式发电装置或储能装置经过电力变换组网形成,其供电单元具有分散性,间断性的特点。不论是何种分布式发电装置或者储能装置,最终都要并入可供用户直接使用的交流电网,因此必须经过一系列电能变换,才能保证安全、高效的将电能馈送至电网。微电网三相并网逆变器就是其并网的关键器件之一,其在微电网运行管理系统的统一调度控制下运行。
论文首先介绍了微电网以及各类分布式电能的概念及特点,之后系统的介绍了三相并网逆变器的功能,结构,并按照三部分进行介绍:主功率电路部分,基于TMS320LF2812的控制电路部分以及三相全桥逆变器控制策略。
主功率电路部分按照能量变换过程,将系统分为两级:前级DC-DC变换部分和后级的三相DC-AC逆变部分。并根据设计功率详细介绍主开关器件的选型,驱动电路以及保护电路的确定和该部分其他电路器件参数的选择依据。
基于TMS320LF2812控制电路主要分为了两部分来具体介绍:通用的TMS320LF2812最小工作系统和用于该三相全桥逆变器控制芯片的接口电路。最小工作系统包括系统电源,晶振,串口等;接口电路包括SPWM控制信号放大电路,以及电能质量采样电路。以交流电能的采样部分为主,介绍了采用ADS7864六通道同步采样芯片的信号调理电路的设计。
文章还对常用的逆变器控制方案进行比较,给出本系统使用控制策略。并结合系统采用的TMS320LF2812芯片的结构特点介绍了软件设计思路。
最后,文章还进行该论文相关的仿真和测试实验。通过仿真和实验结果验证了设计的正确性。
The power of micro grid is usually composed of multiple distributed generation equipment or storage device through the network power transformation, the other supply power unit has the characteristics of dispersed and inconsistent. No matter what kind of distributed generation or energy storage devices, will eventually be available to users directly into the exchange network, so it must to ensure the safe and efficient electrical energy to feed the grid after a series of energy transformation. Three-phase inverter is one of the key components of the grid. The Micro grid operation management system unified control operation management.
Firstly, this paper introduces the micro grid and the concepts and features of various distributed micro power grids. Then the function and structure of the three-phase inverter are introduced, which has three parts: the main power circuit section, the control circuit based on TMS320LF2812 and three-phase full-bridge inverter control strategy.
The main power circuit is divided into two grades: the proceeding stage of DC-DC transformation and the backward stage DC-AC inverter three-phase in accordance with the energy transformation process. It also introduces the main switching device selection, drive circuit and protection circuit, and the other circuit components and parameters selection in detail, according to the power design.
The control circuit based on the TMS320LF2812 is mainly divided into two parts: the general TMS320LF2812 minimum work system and the interface circuit for the whole bridge three-phase inverter control chip. The minimum work system includes system power, crystals, serial port and so on. The interface circuit includes the SPWM control signal amplifier circuit, and power quality sampling circuit. It is chiefly on the sample of the exchange power, which introduces the design of the signal conditioning circuit based on a six-channel simultaneous sampling ADS7864 chip.
This paper compares the common inverter control schemes and supposes the control strategy of this system, and also introduces the software design combined the structure features of TMS320LF2812 chip.
Finally, the article carries out the related simulation and test. Through the simulation and test, the results verify the correctness of this design.
论文首先介绍了微电网以及各类分布式电能的概念及特点,之后系统的介绍了三相并网逆变器的功能,结构,并按照三部分进行介绍:主功率电路部分,基于TMS320LF2812的控制电路部分以及三相全桥逆变器控制策略。
主功率电路部分按照能量变换过程,将系统分为两级:前级DC-DC变换部分和后级的三相DC-AC逆变部分。并根据设计功率详细介绍主开关器件的选型,驱动电路以及保护电路的确定和该部分其他电路器件参数的选择依据。
基于TMS320LF2812控制电路主要分为了两部分来具体介绍:通用的TMS320LF2812最小工作系统和用于该三相全桥逆变器控制芯片的接口电路。最小工作系统包括系统电源,晶振,串口等;接口电路包括SPWM控制信号放大电路,以及电能质量采样电路。以交流电能的采样部分为主,介绍了采用ADS7864六通道同步采样芯片的信号调理电路的设计。
文章还对常用的逆变器控制方案进行比较,给出本系统使用控制策略。并结合系统采用的TMS320LF2812芯片的结构特点介绍了软件设计思路。
最后,文章还进行该论文相关的仿真和测试实验。通过仿真和实验结果验证了设计的正确性。
The power of micro grid is usually composed of multiple distributed generation equipment or storage device through the network power transformation, the other supply power unit has the characteristics of dispersed and inconsistent. No matter what kind of distributed generation or energy storage devices, will eventually be available to users directly into the exchange network, so it must to ensure the safe and efficient electrical energy to feed the grid after a series of energy transformation. Three-phase inverter is one of the key components of the grid. The Micro grid operation management system unified control operation management.
Firstly, this paper introduces the micro grid and the concepts and features of various distributed micro power grids. Then the function and structure of the three-phase inverter are introduced, which has three parts: the main power circuit section, the control circuit based on TMS320LF2812 and three-phase full-bridge inverter control strategy.
The main power circuit is divided into two grades: the proceeding stage of DC-DC transformation and the backward stage DC-AC inverter three-phase in accordance with the energy transformation process. It also introduces the main switching device selection, drive circuit and protection circuit, and the other circuit components and parameters selection in detail, according to the power design.
The control circuit based on the TMS320LF2812 is mainly divided into two parts: the general TMS320LF2812 minimum work system and the interface circuit for the whole bridge three-phase inverter control chip. The minimum work system includes system power, crystals, serial port and so on. The interface circuit includes the SPWM control signal amplifier circuit, and power quality sampling circuit. It is chiefly on the sample of the exchange power, which introduces the design of the signal conditioning circuit based on a six-channel simultaneous sampling ADS7864 chip.
This paper compares the common inverter control schemes and supposes the control strategy of this system, and also introduces the software design combined the structure features of TMS320LF2812 chip.
Finally, the article carries out the related simulation and test. Through the simulation and test, the results verify the correctness of this design.
引文
[1] Caire R, Retiere N, Martino S,et al. Impact Assessment of LV Distributed Generation on MV Distribution Network[A]. In:2002 IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting[C]. 2002. 1423-1428
[2] Niknam T,Ranjbar A M,Shirani A R. Impact of Distributed Generation on Volt/Var Control in Distribution Networks[C]. In:IEEE Power Tech Conference Proceedings[C]. Bologna:2003
[3] Lasseter R H,Paigi P,Microgrid: a Conceptual Solution[A]. In: IEEE 35th Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference PESC[C]. 2002. 4285-4290
[4] Hatziargyriou N D,Dimeas A,Tsikalakis A G,et al. Management of Microgrids in Market Environment[A]. In:International Conference on Future Power Systems[C]. 2005
[5] European Commission Strategic research agenda for Europe’S Electricity Networks of Future[EB/OL]. [2008-10-20].http://www.smartgrids.eu/documents/sra/sra_f- inalversion.pdf
[6] Tadahiro goda Microgrid research at Mitsubishi[EB/OL].[2008-10-20]. http://www.energy.ca.gov/research/esi/documents/2005-06-17_symposium/GODA_2005-06-17.PDF
[7] Lassetter R, Akhil A, Mamay C, et al The CERTS Micro-Gricl Concept [EB/Ol][2008-10-18].CERTS, http://certs.lbl.gov/pdf/50829.pdf
[8]程华,徐政,分布式发电中的储能技术[J],高压电器,2003,39(3):53-56
[9]梁有伟,胡志坚,陈允平,分布式发电及其在电力系统中的应用综述研究,电网技术,2003(12)
[10] EG&G Services, Parsons, Inc and Science Applications International Corporation. Fuel Cell Handbook(5th Edition)[M], October,2000
[11]陈道炼. DC-AC逆变技术及其应用[M].机械工业出版社,2003
[12]刘凤君.正弦波逆变器[M].科学出版社,2002
[13]陈建富,梁从主,赵兴国.用于光伏系统的DC/DC模块化变换器的研制[J].电力电子技术,2006(40):40-42
[14]顾和荣,杨子龙,邬伟扬.并网逆变器输出电流滞环跟踪控制技术研究[J].中国电机工程学报
[15] Ikuo Yama to, Norikazo Tokunaga, Yasuo Natsuda, Yutaka Suzuki, and Hisao Amano,High frequency link DC/AC converter for UPS with a new voltage clamper, PESC, New York, NY, USA, IEEE, 1995, 947-951
[16]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术(第4版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.02
[17]富士IGBT模块应用手册.富士电机电子设备技术株式会社,2004,05
[18]陈国呈. PWM变频调速及软开关电力变换技术(第1版)[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2003,8
[19] HSU C Y,WU H Y,A New Single-phase Active Power Filter with Reduced Energy-storage Capacity,IEEE Proceedings: Electric Power Application,1996,143(1):25-30
[20]汪海宁.光伏并网功率调节系统及其控制的研究. [博士学位论文]合肥:合肥工业大学,2005.06
[21] Texas Instruments Incorporated著,张卫宁编译. TMS320C28x系列DSP与外设(上、下).北京:清华大学出版社,2004.09
[21] Sergio Franco,Design with Operation Amplifiers and Analog Integrated Circuits, McGraw-Hill,2002
[22] Thomas L. Floyd,David Buchla,Mark A. Yoder,Basic operational amplifiers and linear integrated circuits,Prentice Hall,1998
[23]常越,张蕾.嵌入式系统中采样限幅电路分析.单片机与嵌入式系统. 2003(1):78-78
[24]刘凤君.正弦波逆变器.科学出版社. 2002年2月第一版
[25] Hossein Madadi Kojabadi,Bin Yu,et al. A novel DSP-based current-controlled PWM strategy for single phase grid connected inverters. IEEE transactions on power electronics ,2006,21(4):985-933
[26] S G Jeong,M H Park. The Analysis and Compensation of Dead-time Effects in PWM Inverters[J]. IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics,1991,38(2):108-114
[27] Thomas S.basso, IEEE 1547 Series of Standards: Interconnection Issues, IEEE Transactions On Power Electronics, VOL.19,NO.5, SEPT 2003
[28]王长贵,崔荣强,周篁.新能源发电技术.北京:中国电力出版社.2003
[29]曲喜新.电子元件材料手册.北京:电子工业出版社.1989,77-85
[30] Yi Zhang, Lemin Li, Bo Li. Network traffic modeling using fully-stable cascades. 2005 International Conference on Communication,Circuits and Systems(ICCCAS’05), Vol.2:726-730
[31]程浩忠.电力系统谐波技术.上海交通大学出版社,1998
[32]李景文.交流滤波装置设计(上、下)电力电容器. 1991.2
[33] DAHONO P A,PURWADI A,QAMARUZZAMAN.An LC filter design method for single-phase PWM inverters[C]//Power Electronics and Drive Systems.Proceedings of 1995 International Conference on Feb 21-24.1995:571 -576.
[34]国家技术监督局. GB/T 15945-1995.
[35]李鹏,张玲,盛银波.新能源及可再生能源并网发电规模化应用的有效途径——微网技术.华北电力大学学报(自然科学版),2009.01.30
[36]吴俊,刘和平.基于TMS320LF2812内嵌eCAN模块的CAN总线通信[J].芯片应用,2003
[37]张怡,姜岩峰.数字PWM技术的实现及应用进展.半导体技术. 2007.07
[38]赵勇.基于IGBT的大功率变频电源的研制. [硕士学位论文]济南:山东大学,2006.05
[39]王毅.同步相量测量单元中信号同步采集与处理模块的研究. [硕士学位论文]成都:电子科技大学,2009.04
[2] Niknam T,Ranjbar A M,Shirani A R. Impact of Distributed Generation on Volt/Var Control in Distribution Networks[C]. In:IEEE Power Tech Conference Proceedings[C]. Bologna:2003
[3] Lasseter R H,Paigi P,Microgrid: a Conceptual Solution[A]. In: IEEE 35th Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference PESC[C]. 2002. 4285-4290
[4] Hatziargyriou N D,Dimeas A,Tsikalakis A G,et al. Management of Microgrids in Market Environment[A]. In:International Conference on Future Power Systems[C]. 2005
[5] European Commission Strategic research agenda for Europe’S Electricity Networks of Future[EB/OL]. [2008-10-20].http://www.smartgrids.eu/documents/sra/sra_f- inalversion.pdf
[6] Tadahiro goda Microgrid research at Mitsubishi[EB/OL].[2008-10-20]. http://www.energy.ca.gov/research/esi/documents/2005-06-17_symposium/GODA_2005-06-17.PDF
[7] Lassetter R, Akhil A, Mamay C, et al The CERTS Micro-Gricl Concept [EB/Ol][2008-10-18].CERTS, http://certs.lbl.gov/pdf/50829.pdf
[8]程华,徐政,分布式发电中的储能技术[J],高压电器,2003,39(3):53-56
[9]梁有伟,胡志坚,陈允平,分布式发电及其在电力系统中的应用综述研究,电网技术,2003(12)
[10] EG&G Services, Parsons, Inc and Science Applications International Corporation. Fuel Cell Handbook(5th Edition)[M], October,2000
[11]陈道炼. DC-AC逆变技术及其应用[M].机械工业出版社,2003
[12]刘凤君.正弦波逆变器[M].科学出版社,2002
[13]陈建富,梁从主,赵兴国.用于光伏系统的DC/DC模块化变换器的研制[J].电力电子技术,2006(40):40-42
[14]顾和荣,杨子龙,邬伟扬.并网逆变器输出电流滞环跟踪控制技术研究[J].中国电机工程学报
[15] Ikuo Yama to, Norikazo Tokunaga, Yasuo Natsuda, Yutaka Suzuki, and Hisao Amano,High frequency link DC/AC converter for UPS with a new voltage clamper, PESC, New York, NY, USA, IEEE, 1995, 947-951
[16]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术(第4版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.02
[17]富士IGBT模块应用手册.富士电机电子设备技术株式会社,2004,05
[18]陈国呈. PWM变频调速及软开关电力变换技术(第1版)[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2003,8
[19] HSU C Y,WU H Y,A New Single-phase Active Power Filter with Reduced Energy-storage Capacity,IEEE Proceedings: Electric Power Application,1996,143(1):25-30
[20]汪海宁.光伏并网功率调节系统及其控制的研究. [博士学位论文]合肥:合肥工业大学,2005.06
[21] Texas Instruments Incorporated著,张卫宁编译. TMS320C28x系列DSP与外设(上、下).北京:清华大学出版社,2004.09
[21] Sergio Franco,Design with Operation Amplifiers and Analog Integrated Circuits, McGraw-Hill,2002
[22] Thomas L. Floyd,David Buchla,Mark A. Yoder,Basic operational amplifiers and linear integrated circuits,Prentice Hall,1998
[23]常越,张蕾.嵌入式系统中采样限幅电路分析.单片机与嵌入式系统. 2003(1):78-78
[24]刘凤君.正弦波逆变器.科学出版社. 2002年2月第一版
[25] Hossein Madadi Kojabadi,Bin Yu,et al. A novel DSP-based current-controlled PWM strategy for single phase grid connected inverters. IEEE transactions on power electronics ,2006,21(4):985-933
[26] S G Jeong,M H Park. The Analysis and Compensation of Dead-time Effects in PWM Inverters[J]. IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics,1991,38(2):108-114
[27] Thomas S.basso, IEEE 1547 Series of Standards: Interconnection Issues, IEEE Transactions On Power Electronics, VOL.19,NO.5, SEPT 2003
[28]王长贵,崔荣强,周篁.新能源发电技术.北京:中国电力出版社.2003
[29]曲喜新.电子元件材料手册.北京:电子工业出版社.1989,77-85
[30] Yi Zhang, Lemin Li, Bo Li. Network traffic modeling using fully-stable cascades. 2005 International Conference on Communication,Circuits and Systems(ICCCAS’05), Vol.2:726-730
[31]程浩忠.电力系统谐波技术.上海交通大学出版社,1998
[32]李景文.交流滤波装置设计(上、下)电力电容器. 1991.2
[33] DAHONO P A,PURWADI A,QAMARUZZAMAN.An LC filter design method for single-phase PWM inverters[C]//Power Electronics and Drive Systems.Proceedings of 1995 International Conference on Feb 21-24.1995:571 -576.
[34]国家技术监督局. GB/T 15945-1995.
[35]李鹏,张玲,盛银波.新能源及可再生能源并网发电规模化应用的有效途径——微网技术.华北电力大学学报(自然科学版),2009.01.30
[36]吴俊,刘和平.基于TMS320LF2812内嵌eCAN模块的CAN总线通信[J].芯片应用,2003
[37]张怡,姜岩峰.数字PWM技术的实现及应用进展.半导体技术. 2007.07
[38]赵勇.基于IGBT的大功率变频电源的研制. [硕士学位论文]济南:山东大学,2006.05
[39]王毅.同步相量测量单元中信号同步采集与处理模块的研究. [硕士学位论文]成都:电子科技大学,2009.04