GIS过程建模与集成化研究
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摘要
现代计算机技术,特别是软件技术的发展十分迅速,为解决各类计算机应用问题提供了有力的手段。但是,由于空间数据及空间实体相互关系的复杂性以及GIS设计思想和体系结构上的局限性,虽然GIS软件也在努力地跟上IT主流技术的发展,也取得了许多有意义的进展,但相当一部分现代软件技术至今没有能够在GIS软件实现中得到有效的使用,导致许多空间信息的应用问题无法或很难得到满意的解决。结合IT技术的发展和空间数据获取技术的快速发展以及GIS日益旺盛的应用需求,认真分析GIS软件在设计思想和体系结构方面存在的问题,求得合理的解决途径是一件相当紧迫的事情。
纵观当前GIS的发展,随着其结构与功能复杂性的不断增加,传统的整体化结构与集中式控制的设计运行方式,已越来越显示出其自身固有的局限性。从整个未来软件应用模式的发展趋势看,GIS的设计必然会越来越向着网络化、个性化以及智能化等方向发展。GIS和其他计算机信息系统的融合成为发展趋势,这种融合包括信息共享、功能互操作和过程集成。
过程建模是当前软件工程领域一个重要的研究方向,其在软件工具的支持下,通过形式化地定义软件过程、模拟过程运行,进而实现精确的过程管理、控制和过程改进,该技术在软件工程和企事业过程工程中得到广泛应用。本文研究的出发点就是基于过程建模技术实现分布式GIS应用的集成,提供空间事务处理、空间决策支持、空间动态过程模拟等应用的一体化解决方案和软件工程平台。
本文分析了GIS应用的过程本质,系统地研究了地理信息系统过程建模的概念和类型,论述了GIS过程建模系统的有关技术,从过程建模、过程集成的角度提出了基于分布式网络的GIS系统集成和应用集成的解决方案。研究内容包括:
1)、研究了过程的概念、过程模型的构造方法、GIS的过程特征、GIS过程建模系统的概念框架、特征、功能需求和相关技术。
2)、讨论了过程模型中的地理时空概念、空间数据模型的研究现状和存在的问题、空间数据类型的多样性等,以空间系统理论为依据,提出了空间数据模型表示空间结构、GIS过程模型描述空间运动的GPMS系统思想,设计了适于表达GIS过程模型的基于框架的时空对象数据模型,并探讨了空间对象的时态表示和处理操作。
3)、研究了GIS过程建模的特点,比较了目前的工作流过程建模方法,给出了基于工作流思想的GIS过程模型。该模型描述了GIS过程模型的静态结构和动态过程中信息流、控制流的逻辑表达,设计了基于信息架结构的数据集成和数据流实现方法。
The rapid development of the modern computer technology especially that of the software technology , provide the effective resolution for all the computer application problem. It takes great effort for the GIS Software to keep up with the development of major IT Technology. Though the GIS software has made many significant process until now, due to the complexity of the relationship between the spatial data and the spatial entity, and the limitation of the GIS design method and the structure, considerable part of the modern software technology still can not be used in the GIS software effectively, which result in the unsatisfied resolution or no-resolution of the application of spatial information. With the rapid development of the IT technology and the spatial data acquisition and the vigorous requirement of GIS application, It is a rather critical thing to find a rational resolution for the problem exists in the design method and structure of GIS software.With the increment of the complexity of function and structure, the intrinsic limitation of the traditional design mode of integrated structure and centralized control becomes more and more distinct. With the development trends of application mode of the future software , The design of GIS is bound to have a tendency of network 、 individual and intelligent mode. There is a natural trend to merge the GIS and other computer information system together, which includes the share of. information > function co-operation and process integration.Process modeling is one of the important research direction of current software engineering, which is widely applied in the software engineering and enterprise process engineering. With the support of the software tools , it define the software process , simulate the running of process and realize the accurate management、 control and improvement of process. The start point of the paper is the realization of the integration of the distributed GIS application based on process modeling technology, thus provide an integrated resolution and software engineering platform for the applications such as spatial issue process 、 spatial decision support and simulation of spatial dynamic process.The paper analyze the process essence of GIS application, make a systematic study of the concept and category of GIS process modeling , discuss the relevant technology of GIS process modeling system, provide a resolution for the application integration and system integration based on distributed network GIS in the view of the process modeling 、 process integration. The contents include:
1. The paper discuss the concept of process .. the construction method of process modeling > the process characteristic of GIS .. the concept structure % characteristic function requirement and relevant technology of GIS process modeling system.2. The paper discuss the geographic time-spatial concept of process modeling ■> the current study status and the problem of spatial data modek the variety of the spatial data category etc. Based on the spatial system theory, the paper issue the GPMS system thought in which spatial data model describe the spatial structure ^ GIS process model describe the spatial movement, design a time-spatial object data model which is applicable in the description of geographic information process model based on frame, and discuss the spatial express and treatment of spatial object.3. The paper make a study of the characteristic of GIS process modeling , compare the current modeling method of workflow process, issue the GIS process model based on workflow. The model describe the logical express of the information flow and control flow in the dynamic process and the static structure of process model., design the data integration and realization of data flow based on the info-rack.4. The paper make a study of system realization of process modeling based on distributed technology > the design of distributed work flow mechanism ^ the design of interface and the data co-operation in the distributed GIS application system ^ the function co-operation and the integration method of GIS and application analysis model . The paper discuss the development of software process engineering > the development of application software based on GPMS and the thought of the construction of the integration environment for GIS process engineering based on GPMS.5. With the practice of the application of enterprise operation-flow automation software -. the development of the land house information management system and the agriculture Geographic information system , the paper prove the relevant theory and method of process modeling.
纵观当前GIS的发展,随着其结构与功能复杂性的不断增加,传统的整体化结构与集中式控制的设计运行方式,已越来越显示出其自身固有的局限性。从整个未来软件应用模式的发展趋势看,GIS的设计必然会越来越向着网络化、个性化以及智能化等方向发展。GIS和其他计算机信息系统的融合成为发展趋势,这种融合包括信息共享、功能互操作和过程集成。
过程建模是当前软件工程领域一个重要的研究方向,其在软件工具的支持下,通过形式化地定义软件过程、模拟过程运行,进而实现精确的过程管理、控制和过程改进,该技术在软件工程和企事业过程工程中得到广泛应用。本文研究的出发点就是基于过程建模技术实现分布式GIS应用的集成,提供空间事务处理、空间决策支持、空间动态过程模拟等应用的一体化解决方案和软件工程平台。
本文分析了GIS应用的过程本质,系统地研究了地理信息系统过程建模的概念和类型,论述了GIS过程建模系统的有关技术,从过程建模、过程集成的角度提出了基于分布式网络的GIS系统集成和应用集成的解决方案。研究内容包括:
1)、研究了过程的概念、过程模型的构造方法、GIS的过程特征、GIS过程建模系统的概念框架、特征、功能需求和相关技术。
2)、讨论了过程模型中的地理时空概念、空间数据模型的研究现状和存在的问题、空间数据类型的多样性等,以空间系统理论为依据,提出了空间数据模型表示空间结构、GIS过程模型描述空间运动的GPMS系统思想,设计了适于表达GIS过程模型的基于框架的时空对象数据模型,并探讨了空间对象的时态表示和处理操作。
3)、研究了GIS过程建模的特点,比较了目前的工作流过程建模方法,给出了基于工作流思想的GIS过程模型。该模型描述了GIS过程模型的静态结构和动态过程中信息流、控制流的逻辑表达,设计了基于信息架结构的数据集成和数据流实现方法。
The rapid development of the modern computer technology especially that of the software technology , provide the effective resolution for all the computer application problem. It takes great effort for the GIS Software to keep up with the development of major IT Technology. Though the GIS software has made many significant process until now, due to the complexity of the relationship between the spatial data and the spatial entity, and the limitation of the GIS design method and the structure, considerable part of the modern software technology still can not be used in the GIS software effectively, which result in the unsatisfied resolution or no-resolution of the application of spatial information. With the rapid development of the IT technology and the spatial data acquisition and the vigorous requirement of GIS application, It is a rather critical thing to find a rational resolution for the problem exists in the design method and structure of GIS software.With the increment of the complexity of function and structure, the intrinsic limitation of the traditional design mode of integrated structure and centralized control becomes more and more distinct. With the development trends of application mode of the future software , The design of GIS is bound to have a tendency of network 、 individual and intelligent mode. There is a natural trend to merge the GIS and other computer information system together, which includes the share of. information > function co-operation and process integration.Process modeling is one of the important research direction of current software engineering, which is widely applied in the software engineering and enterprise process engineering. With the support of the software tools , it define the software process , simulate the running of process and realize the accurate management、 control and improvement of process. The start point of the paper is the realization of the integration of the distributed GIS application based on process modeling technology, thus provide an integrated resolution and software engineering platform for the applications such as spatial issue process 、 spatial decision support and simulation of spatial dynamic process.The paper analyze the process essence of GIS application, make a systematic study of the concept and category of GIS process modeling , discuss the relevant technology of GIS process modeling system, provide a resolution for the application integration and system integration based on distributed network GIS in the view of the process modeling 、 process integration. The contents include:
1. The paper discuss the concept of process .. the construction method of process modeling > the process characteristic of GIS .. the concept structure % characteristic function requirement and relevant technology of GIS process modeling system.2. The paper discuss the geographic time-spatial concept of process modeling ■> the current study status and the problem of spatial data modek the variety of the spatial data category etc. Based on the spatial system theory, the paper issue the GPMS system thought in which spatial data model describe the spatial structure ^ GIS process model describe the spatial movement, design a time-spatial object data model which is applicable in the description of geographic information process model based on frame, and discuss the spatial express and treatment of spatial object.3. The paper make a study of the characteristic of GIS process modeling , compare the current modeling method of workflow process, issue the GIS process model based on workflow. The model describe the logical express of the information flow and control flow in the dynamic process and the static structure of process model., design the data integration and realization of data flow based on the info-rack.4. The paper make a study of system realization of process modeling based on distributed technology > the design of distributed work flow mechanism ^ the design of interface and the data co-operation in the distributed GIS application system ^ the function co-operation and the integration method of GIS and application analysis model . The paper discuss the development of software process engineering > the development of application software based on GPMS and the thought of the construction of the integration environment for GIS process engineering based on GPMS.5. With the practice of the application of enterprise operation-flow automation software -. the development of the land house information management system and the agriculture Geographic information system , the paper prove the relevant theory and method of process modeling.
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