染料亲和色谱复性蛋白质新方法的研究及其应用
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摘要
本论文分三部分,第一部分,基于大孔生物材料的染料亲和色谱,发展了一种新型的蛋白质色谱复性新技术;第二部分,基于溶胶-凝胶法,通过氨水溶液简单处理制备了球形硅胶支载的固定化金属亲和吸附剂;第三部分,基于溶胶-凝胶法,通过氢氧化钠溶液简单处理制备了球形硅胶支载的生物吸附剂。
1、基于大孔生物材料的染料亲和色谱(DLAC),发展了一种新型的蛋白质色谱复性新技术。采用具有表面大孔结构的壳聚糖-硅基(CS-silica)材料作为DLAC的基质材料。利用基质中的氨基,共价偶联亲和染料配基活性蓝(CBF)得到DLAC吸附剂。模型蛋白质过氧化氢酶经6 mol/L尿素变性后,DLAC可迅速去除变性剂,并通过CBF-CS-silica的吸附成功实现过氧化氢酶的复性。利用荧光光谱和过氧化氢酶活性研究考察了变性过程并对色谱洗脱步骤进行优化。与常规吸附复性法相比,可在蛋白质浓度提高20倍的条件下进行DLAC复性。
2、提出了制备新型有机-无机复合基质的有效途径。以球形硅胶作为支载核、以壳聚糖有机-无机杂化层作为壳,基于溶胶-凝胶反应,通过氨水简单处理后制备了该吸附剂。在基质上固定金属离子后,即得到吸附蛋白质的固定化金属亲和吸附剂。扫描电镜表征表明,经氨水溶液简单处理后,基质具有稳定的多孔表面。X-衍射分析表明,有机-无机杂化和氨水处理过程可破坏壳聚糖的结晶区,从而提高活性氨基的可利用度。采用同步热重-微量热分析进一步对制备的基质进行了表征。在基质表面固定作为特异性亲和配体Cu2+后,制备了新型固定化金属亲和吸附剂。以BSA为模型蛋白,通过吸附实验考察了该吸附剂的吸附性能。该吸附剂对BSA吸附速度快、吸附容量大。提出的方法及制备的基质在生化分析中具有潜在的应用前景。
3、提出了制备新型有机-无机生物吸附剂的有效途径。以球形硅胶作为支载核、以壳聚糖有机-无机杂化层作为壳,基于通过溶胶-凝胶反应,经氢氧化钠溶液简单处理后制备了该生物吸附剂。有机-无机杂化层通过壳聚糖与前驱体γ-环氧丙氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(GPTMS)溶胶-凝胶化过程共价固定到硅胶表面。CS上的氨基与GPTMS上的环氧基团交联后,克服了其酸溶性缺点。通过氢氧化钠溶液简单处理后发生的湿法相转移,使制备的复合生物吸附剂具有粗糙的表面。制备的生物吸附试剂可以用来处理电镀废水。
There are three parts in this thesis. A novel column-based protein refolding strategy was developed using dye-ligand affinity chromatography based on macroporous biomaterial in the first chapter. A simple strategy was proposed for preparation of spherical silica-supported porous chitosan matrix based on sol–gel reaction and simple treatment with ammonia solution in the second chapter. Spherical silica-supported biosorbent for copper ions removal in wastewater was developted by sol–gel reaction and simple treatment with sodium hydroxide in the third part.
1. A novel column-based chromatographic protein refolding strategy was developed using dye–ligand affinity chromatography (DLAC) based on macroporous biomaterial. Chitosan–silica (CS–silica) biomaterial with macroporous surface was used as the supporting matrix for the preparation of the DLAC material. The dye ligand Cibacron Blue F3GA (CBF) was selected as affinity handle and could be covalently immobilized to form dye-ligand affinity adsorbent (CBF–CS–silica) using the reactivity of -NH2 on CS–silica biomaterial. After the model protein catalase was denatured with 6 mol/L urea, the denaturant could be rapidly removed and catalase could be successfully refolded as facilitated by the adsorption of CBF–CS–silica. The urea denaturation process and elute condition for the chromatographic refolding were optimized by measuring tryptophan fluorescence and activity of catalase. The refolding performance of the proposed DLAC was comparable to dilution refolding. The protein concentration during the proposed chromatographic refolding was increased by a factor of 20 without reducing the yield achieved compared to dilution refolding. The column-based protein refolding strategy based on dye affinity chromatography with porous biomaterial being matrix possessed potential in chromatographic refolding of protein.
2. A new and effective strategy was proposed for the preparation of organic-inorganic composite matrix by using spherical silica as supporting core and porous chitosan (CS) hybrid layer as shell based on sol–gel reaction and simple treatment with ammonia solution. After metal ion loading, immobilized metal affinity adsorbent for protein adsorption was obtained. Scanning electron microscopy investigation showed that the wet phase-inversion of CS in ammonium hydroxide solution endowed the coated CS hybrid layer with chemically and mechanically stabilized pore structure. X-Ray diffraction investigation revealed significant decrease of CS crystallization, indicating the availability of active amine groups. The as-prepared matrix was also characterized using simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. After loading Cu2+ as pseudo-biospecific ligand, new immobilized metal affinity adsorbent was obtained and its protein adsorption performance was evaluated by batch adsorption experiments using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a simple model protein. The affinity adsorbent showed fast kinetics and high capability for BSA adsorption. The proposed approach and the prepared matrix showed potential as a platform to conduct bioanalysis.
3. A new and effective strategy was proposed for preparing new organic-inorganic composite biosorbent by using spherical silica as supporting core and chitosan (CS)-based hybrid layer as shell based on sol–gel reaction and simple treatment with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The coating layer was covalently bound on the supporting silica through polysaccharide incorporated sol–gel process starting from CS and inorganic precursorγ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysiloxane (GPTMS). GPTMS had epoxide groups and cross-linked amine groups of CS to avoid its acidic solubility. The composite biosorbent had coarse surface due to the wet phase-inversion by treating in NaOH solution. The prepared biosorbent could be used in treating electric plating wastewater.
1、基于大孔生物材料的染料亲和色谱(DLAC),发展了一种新型的蛋白质色谱复性新技术。采用具有表面大孔结构的壳聚糖-硅基(CS-silica)材料作为DLAC的基质材料。利用基质中的氨基,共价偶联亲和染料配基活性蓝(CBF)得到DLAC吸附剂。模型蛋白质过氧化氢酶经6 mol/L尿素变性后,DLAC可迅速去除变性剂,并通过CBF-CS-silica的吸附成功实现过氧化氢酶的复性。利用荧光光谱和过氧化氢酶活性研究考察了变性过程并对色谱洗脱步骤进行优化。与常规吸附复性法相比,可在蛋白质浓度提高20倍的条件下进行DLAC复性。
2、提出了制备新型有机-无机复合基质的有效途径。以球形硅胶作为支载核、以壳聚糖有机-无机杂化层作为壳,基于溶胶-凝胶反应,通过氨水简单处理后制备了该吸附剂。在基质上固定金属离子后,即得到吸附蛋白质的固定化金属亲和吸附剂。扫描电镜表征表明,经氨水溶液简单处理后,基质具有稳定的多孔表面。X-衍射分析表明,有机-无机杂化和氨水处理过程可破坏壳聚糖的结晶区,从而提高活性氨基的可利用度。采用同步热重-微量热分析进一步对制备的基质进行了表征。在基质表面固定作为特异性亲和配体Cu2+后,制备了新型固定化金属亲和吸附剂。以BSA为模型蛋白,通过吸附实验考察了该吸附剂的吸附性能。该吸附剂对BSA吸附速度快、吸附容量大。提出的方法及制备的基质在生化分析中具有潜在的应用前景。
3、提出了制备新型有机-无机生物吸附剂的有效途径。以球形硅胶作为支载核、以壳聚糖有机-无机杂化层作为壳,基于通过溶胶-凝胶反应,经氢氧化钠溶液简单处理后制备了该生物吸附剂。有机-无机杂化层通过壳聚糖与前驱体γ-环氧丙氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(GPTMS)溶胶-凝胶化过程共价固定到硅胶表面。CS上的氨基与GPTMS上的环氧基团交联后,克服了其酸溶性缺点。通过氢氧化钠溶液简单处理后发生的湿法相转移,使制备的复合生物吸附剂具有粗糙的表面。制备的生物吸附试剂可以用来处理电镀废水。
There are three parts in this thesis. A novel column-based protein refolding strategy was developed using dye-ligand affinity chromatography based on macroporous biomaterial in the first chapter. A simple strategy was proposed for preparation of spherical silica-supported porous chitosan matrix based on sol–gel reaction and simple treatment with ammonia solution in the second chapter. Spherical silica-supported biosorbent for copper ions removal in wastewater was developted by sol–gel reaction and simple treatment with sodium hydroxide in the third part.
1. A novel column-based chromatographic protein refolding strategy was developed using dye–ligand affinity chromatography (DLAC) based on macroporous biomaterial. Chitosan–silica (CS–silica) biomaterial with macroporous surface was used as the supporting matrix for the preparation of the DLAC material. The dye ligand Cibacron Blue F3GA (CBF) was selected as affinity handle and could be covalently immobilized to form dye-ligand affinity adsorbent (CBF–CS–silica) using the reactivity of -NH2 on CS–silica biomaterial. After the model protein catalase was denatured with 6 mol/L urea, the denaturant could be rapidly removed and catalase could be successfully refolded as facilitated by the adsorption of CBF–CS–silica. The urea denaturation process and elute condition for the chromatographic refolding were optimized by measuring tryptophan fluorescence and activity of catalase. The refolding performance of the proposed DLAC was comparable to dilution refolding. The protein concentration during the proposed chromatographic refolding was increased by a factor of 20 without reducing the yield achieved compared to dilution refolding. The column-based protein refolding strategy based on dye affinity chromatography with porous biomaterial being matrix possessed potential in chromatographic refolding of protein.
2. A new and effective strategy was proposed for the preparation of organic-inorganic composite matrix by using spherical silica as supporting core and porous chitosan (CS) hybrid layer as shell based on sol–gel reaction and simple treatment with ammonia solution. After metal ion loading, immobilized metal affinity adsorbent for protein adsorption was obtained. Scanning electron microscopy investigation showed that the wet phase-inversion of CS in ammonium hydroxide solution endowed the coated CS hybrid layer with chemically and mechanically stabilized pore structure. X-Ray diffraction investigation revealed significant decrease of CS crystallization, indicating the availability of active amine groups. The as-prepared matrix was also characterized using simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. After loading Cu2+ as pseudo-biospecific ligand, new immobilized metal affinity adsorbent was obtained and its protein adsorption performance was evaluated by batch adsorption experiments using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a simple model protein. The affinity adsorbent showed fast kinetics and high capability for BSA adsorption. The proposed approach and the prepared matrix showed potential as a platform to conduct bioanalysis.
3. A new and effective strategy was proposed for preparing new organic-inorganic composite biosorbent by using spherical silica as supporting core and chitosan (CS)-based hybrid layer as shell based on sol–gel reaction and simple treatment with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The coating layer was covalently bound on the supporting silica through polysaccharide incorporated sol–gel process starting from CS and inorganic precursorγ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysiloxane (GPTMS). GPTMS had epoxide groups and cross-linked amine groups of CS to avoid its acidic solubility. The composite biosorbent had coarse surface due to the wet phase-inversion by treating in NaOH solution. The prepared biosorbent could be used in treating electric plating wastewater.
引文
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