我国农业产业化历程中农产品物流问题研究
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摘要
农产品物流是以农业产出物为对象,通过农产品产后加工、包装、储存、运输和配送等物流环节,做到农产品保值增值,最终传递到消费者的过程。国际经验表明,系统、高效、完善的农产品物流体系是一国实现农业现代化及经济可持续发展的前提和重要保障。当前,我国滞后的农产品物流体系己经成为农业与农村经济增长的瓶颈,成为农业现代化发展的根本障碍。有鉴于此,我们试图通过对我国农产品物流体系的全面描述及分析,运用相关的多目标规划模型,构筑了中国农产品物流园区选址模型和农产品物流配送多目标规划模型,以期完善理论、指导实践。
本论文包括导言在内共八章。第一章导言,总括性的介绍论文研究的背景、目的和意义,方法与思路,以及技术路线和创新点。第二章文献综述主要包括相关的物流理论和研究的简单介绍,分析了国内外农产品物流现状,主要分析了我国和美国、日本以及荷兰的农产品物流现状,并指出国外农产品物流现状对我国农产品物流的启示,同时综述了农产品物流园区选址问题和农产品物流配送问题的研究现状。第三章主要介绍了相关的农产品物流理论。第四章主要介绍了农产品第三方物流理论,提出了一种新的以农产品第三方物流企业为核心的物流模式。第五章是农产品物流园区选址模型的构建及求解,主要包括农产品物流园区的功能、选址原则和影响因素,在此基础上,用综合AHP方法建立了多目标选址模型,并用LINGO软件求解。第六章为多目标农产品物流配送模型的构建及求解,主要包括农产品物流配送简介,各分类农产品的多目标物流配送模型的构建,并用MATLAB软件和遗传算法来求解。第七章分析了我国农产品物流的发展趋势,并提出了一些相应的政策建议,包括、冷链物流发展战略、农产品物流信息化平台的构建、农产品物流技术的开发与研究、农产品物流的一体化工程、农产品物流和农产品营销发展。第八章介绍并分析了农产品的龙头企业在农产品物流和核心竞争力方面所起到的示范作用。并于本文最后进行了总结及展望。论文的创新之处在于以下几个方面:
1、分析了相关的农产品物流理论和我国现行的农产品物流模式,提出了一种新的以农产品第三方物流企业为核心的物流模式,论证了其可行性。2、构建了农产品物流园区选址的多目标规划模型。农产品物流园区是农产品从产地到销地的物流过程中最重要的中间节点。而农产品物流园区的地点优劣直接决定了农产品物流的效率和物流过程中的腐败率。因此,农产品物流园区地点的选择非常重要。本文首先建立了目标层、上层决策层、下层决策层和方案层等四层AHP结构,之后构建了包括物流园区总建设费用最小、总供应量大于总需求量、备选点权重尽量接近1这三个目标的0-1规划问题。之后用LINGO软件求解。
3、构建了农产品物流配送的多目标规划模型。农产品在从物流园区到需求点的配送过程中,基于其三个目标:总成本(包括货物成本和运输成本)最少、客户响应时间最短和农产品在物流过程中的腐败量尽可能少,建立了农产品物流配送的多目标混合整数规划模型。在求解的过程中,借助MATLAB软件的遗传算法工具箱进行精确求解,得到了和其他软件一致的结果,而且具有更快的收敛速度。
4、提出了一些有前瞻性的政策建议。如主要包括冷链物流发展战略、农产品物流信息化平台的构建、农产品物流技术的开发与研究、农产品物流的一体化工程、农产品物流和农产品营销发展。
After the implementation of the household contract responsibility system, there has been an earth-shaking change in rural economy. The output of agricultural products has doubled and redoubled. By the late of 1990s, agricultural products had entered the phase of relative surplus instead of being shortage. In the course of this development appeared the new tough problems on agricultural, rural areas and farmers, such as the bad selling of agricultural products. and the slow growth of rural incomes, etc. Solving problems facing agricultural, rural areas and farmers becomes a top priority we have to confront. Currently, the lagging logistical system of agricultural products becomes the bottleneck of agricultural and rural development in our country. According to this situation, through thorough description and analysis of the logistical system, we would like to build up a modern logistical system of agricultural products.
This dissertation is constituted by seven chapters, including the introduction. Chapter 1: Introduction; Chapter 2: Comparative research on international agriculture-product logistics; Chapter 3: The theory of agriculture-product logistics ; Chapter 4: Promoting a new model of agriculture-product logistics; Chapter 5: Construction and solution to the selected location model of agricultural product physical distribution center; Chapter 6: Construction and solution to the multi-target agricultural logistics and distribution model; Chapter 6: Supportive system for the development of agriculture-product logistics. This dissertation might be innovative in the following three aspects:
Firstly, according to the analysis of the agriculture product logistics theory, a new model of agriculture-product logistics is producted. The center of this new model is the TPL.
Secondly, Construction and solution to the selected location model of agricultural product physical distribution center. Logistics center is agricultural products from production to marketing of agricultural products to the logistics of the most important intermediate nodes. Logistics center and the location of agricultural products directly determine the merits of the efficiency of agricultural logistics and logistics in the process of corruption. Therefore, agricultural logistics park for the selection is very important. This dissertation established a goal of the first layer, top policy-making level, the lower deck of the decision-making and programmers, such as AHP four-story structure, after the construction of a logistics park, including the total cost of building the smallest, more than the total supply of total demand, alternative points weight as close as possible One of these three objectives of the 0-1 planning issues. Then use LINGO software to solute the model.
Thirdly, Construct and solute the multi-target model of agriculture-product logistics and distribution. Agricultural products in process from the logistics center to the point demand of the distribution, based on its three objectives: the total cost (including the cost of goods and transportation costs) at least, the customer response to agricultural products in the shortest time and logistics in the process of corruption in as little as possible, the establishment of an agricultural products distribution of multi-objective mixed integer programming model. Solving in the process of using genetic algorithms tool kit of MATLAB software for accurate.
Thirdly, in this dissertation, the supportive system of Chinese modern agriculture-product logistics industry is thoroughly constructed. With explaining the developing trend of world logistics industry roundly, this dissertation puts forward the fundamental principles of developing modern agriculture-product logistics industry and the rudimentary thoughts of organization innovation; furthermore, it constructs the supportive system of Chinese agriculture-product logistics industry from the aspects of infrastructure construction.
本论文包括导言在内共八章。第一章导言,总括性的介绍论文研究的背景、目的和意义,方法与思路,以及技术路线和创新点。第二章文献综述主要包括相关的物流理论和研究的简单介绍,分析了国内外农产品物流现状,主要分析了我国和美国、日本以及荷兰的农产品物流现状,并指出国外农产品物流现状对我国农产品物流的启示,同时综述了农产品物流园区选址问题和农产品物流配送问题的研究现状。第三章主要介绍了相关的农产品物流理论。第四章主要介绍了农产品第三方物流理论,提出了一种新的以农产品第三方物流企业为核心的物流模式。第五章是农产品物流园区选址模型的构建及求解,主要包括农产品物流园区的功能、选址原则和影响因素,在此基础上,用综合AHP方法建立了多目标选址模型,并用LINGO软件求解。第六章为多目标农产品物流配送模型的构建及求解,主要包括农产品物流配送简介,各分类农产品的多目标物流配送模型的构建,并用MATLAB软件和遗传算法来求解。第七章分析了我国农产品物流的发展趋势,并提出了一些相应的政策建议,包括、冷链物流发展战略、农产品物流信息化平台的构建、农产品物流技术的开发与研究、农产品物流的一体化工程、农产品物流和农产品营销发展。第八章介绍并分析了农产品的龙头企业在农产品物流和核心竞争力方面所起到的示范作用。并于本文最后进行了总结及展望。论文的创新之处在于以下几个方面:
1、分析了相关的农产品物流理论和我国现行的农产品物流模式,提出了一种新的以农产品第三方物流企业为核心的物流模式,论证了其可行性。2、构建了农产品物流园区选址的多目标规划模型。农产品物流园区是农产品从产地到销地的物流过程中最重要的中间节点。而农产品物流园区的地点优劣直接决定了农产品物流的效率和物流过程中的腐败率。因此,农产品物流园区地点的选择非常重要。本文首先建立了目标层、上层决策层、下层决策层和方案层等四层AHP结构,之后构建了包括物流园区总建设费用最小、总供应量大于总需求量、备选点权重尽量接近1这三个目标的0-1规划问题。之后用LINGO软件求解。
3、构建了农产品物流配送的多目标规划模型。农产品在从物流园区到需求点的配送过程中,基于其三个目标:总成本(包括货物成本和运输成本)最少、客户响应时间最短和农产品在物流过程中的腐败量尽可能少,建立了农产品物流配送的多目标混合整数规划模型。在求解的过程中,借助MATLAB软件的遗传算法工具箱进行精确求解,得到了和其他软件一致的结果,而且具有更快的收敛速度。
4、提出了一些有前瞻性的政策建议。如主要包括冷链物流发展战略、农产品物流信息化平台的构建、农产品物流技术的开发与研究、农产品物流的一体化工程、农产品物流和农产品营销发展。
After the implementation of the household contract responsibility system, there has been an earth-shaking change in rural economy. The output of agricultural products has doubled and redoubled. By the late of 1990s, agricultural products had entered the phase of relative surplus instead of being shortage. In the course of this development appeared the new tough problems on agricultural, rural areas and farmers, such as the bad selling of agricultural products. and the slow growth of rural incomes, etc. Solving problems facing agricultural, rural areas and farmers becomes a top priority we have to confront. Currently, the lagging logistical system of agricultural products becomes the bottleneck of agricultural and rural development in our country. According to this situation, through thorough description and analysis of the logistical system, we would like to build up a modern logistical system of agricultural products.
This dissertation is constituted by seven chapters, including the introduction. Chapter 1: Introduction; Chapter 2: Comparative research on international agriculture-product logistics; Chapter 3: The theory of agriculture-product logistics ; Chapter 4: Promoting a new model of agriculture-product logistics; Chapter 5: Construction and solution to the selected location model of agricultural product physical distribution center; Chapter 6: Construction and solution to the multi-target agricultural logistics and distribution model; Chapter 6: Supportive system for the development of agriculture-product logistics. This dissertation might be innovative in the following three aspects:
Firstly, according to the analysis of the agriculture product logistics theory, a new model of agriculture-product logistics is producted. The center of this new model is the TPL.
Secondly, Construction and solution to the selected location model of agricultural product physical distribution center. Logistics center is agricultural products from production to marketing of agricultural products to the logistics of the most important intermediate nodes. Logistics center and the location of agricultural products directly determine the merits of the efficiency of agricultural logistics and logistics in the process of corruption. Therefore, agricultural logistics park for the selection is very important. This dissertation established a goal of the first layer, top policy-making level, the lower deck of the decision-making and programmers, such as AHP four-story structure, after the construction of a logistics park, including the total cost of building the smallest, more than the total supply of total demand, alternative points weight as close as possible One of these three objectives of the 0-1 planning issues. Then use LINGO software to solute the model.
Thirdly, Construct and solute the multi-target model of agriculture-product logistics and distribution. Agricultural products in process from the logistics center to the point demand of the distribution, based on its three objectives: the total cost (including the cost of goods and transportation costs) at least, the customer response to agricultural products in the shortest time and logistics in the process of corruption in as little as possible, the establishment of an agricultural products distribution of multi-objective mixed integer programming model. Solving in the process of using genetic algorithms tool kit of MATLAB software for accurate.
Thirdly, in this dissertation, the supportive system of Chinese modern agriculture-product logistics industry is thoroughly constructed. With explaining the developing trend of world logistics industry roundly, this dissertation puts forward the fundamental principles of developing modern agriculture-product logistics industry and the rudimentary thoughts of organization innovation; furthermore, it constructs the supportive system of Chinese agriculture-product logistics industry from the aspects of infrastructure construction.
引文
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