基于嵌入式平台的救援队员生命信息系统的研究与设计
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摘要
近年来国内外灾难频发，我国救援队虽然在过去的历次灾害尤其是重大灾害的救援工作中发挥了巨大作用，但是由于装备不到位，阻碍了救援资源的合理有效利用，束缚了灾害救援能力的最大限度地发挥。专家指出我国救援队的建设仍然处于初级阶段。本文针对救援现场中对救援队员的生命信息采集问题，以嵌入式处理器为硬件系统核心，移植嵌入式Linux作为操作系统。进行了一种综合生命信息监测以及定位系统的初步研究。这一系统包括救援队员随身携带的终端装置(分机)和中心监测显示装置(主机)，能实时监测队员生理状态，并能提供救援队员的位置信息。其中分机系统是本文研究的重点
整个分机系统可分为以下部分：(1)嵌入式处理器、(2)扩频通信、(3)定位、(4)生理监测。本课题采用SAMSUNG公司性价比较高的ARM 9处理器芯片S3C2410为硬件系统核心，设计了系统硬件主要是系统核心板和扩展板各部分电路。采用了扩频通信芯片组，扩频通信具有其它通信方式所不具备的一系列优点，特别适用于复杂地形通信。实现了满足系统要求的无线数据传输。定位使用了全球定位卫星(GPS)技术，实现了嵌入式系统条件下接收GPS信息。生理信息包括心率、体温、呼吸和血氧饱和度，其中本文主要研究了对心率和体温的检测。
The domestic and international disaster takes place frequently in recent years, though the rescue group of our country has played a great role in the rescue work of the past all previous calamities, especially great calamity, but because equip it uncompletely, hinder the rational effective use of rescuing resources, full play to the maximum extent fettering the calamity and rescuing ability. The expert points out that the construction of the rescue group of our country is still at primary stage. This paper gathers the question to the life information which rescues the team member at the scene to rescuing, regard embedded processor as the systematic core of the hardware, transplant embedded Linux as the operating system. We carried on a kind of comprehensive life information monitoring and preliminary research of the navigation system. This system including rescuing team membering carry-on terminal device(extension) and in the center monitor and show the device (the host computer), can monitor team member's physiological state in real time, and can offer the position information of rescuing the team member. Among them the extension system is the focal point.
The whole extension system can be divided for the following part: (1) embedded processor, (2) Spread Spectrum Communication, (3) GPS, (4) life information monitor. We adopt SAMSUNG Company ARM 9 processor chip S3C2410 as hardwares cores, mainly is the key board of system after designing the systematic hardware and expand every part of circuit of board.we adopt chips of Spread Spectrum Communications, Spread Spectrum Communication have a series of advantages that other communication ways do not possess, especially suitable for the complicated topography and communicate. Have realized wireless data transmission of the systematic demand. Positon system uses the whole world to orient the technology of the satellite (GPS), has realized that receives GPS message under the embedded systematic condition. Physiological information including rhythm of the heart, body temperature, breathing and blood and oxygen saturation lever, among them the measuring of rhythm of the heart and body temperature of main research of this text.
整个分机系统可分为以下部分：(1)嵌入式处理器、(2)扩频通信、(3)定位、(4)生理监测。本课题采用SAMSUNG公司性价比较高的ARM 9处理器芯片S3C2410为硬件系统核心，设计了系统硬件主要是系统核心板和扩展板各部分电路。采用了扩频通信芯片组，扩频通信具有其它通信方式所不具备的一系列优点，特别适用于复杂地形通信。实现了满足系统要求的无线数据传输。定位使用了全球定位卫星(GPS)技术，实现了嵌入式系统条件下接收GPS信息。生理信息包括心率、体温、呼吸和血氧饱和度，其中本文主要研究了对心率和体温的检测。
The domestic and international disaster takes place frequently in recent years, though the rescue group of our country has played a great role in the rescue work of the past all previous calamities, especially great calamity, but because equip it uncompletely, hinder the rational effective use of rescuing resources, full play to the maximum extent fettering the calamity and rescuing ability. The expert points out that the construction of the rescue group of our country is still at primary stage. This paper gathers the question to the life information which rescues the team member at the scene to rescuing, regard embedded processor as the systematic core of the hardware, transplant embedded Linux as the operating system. We carried on a kind of comprehensive life information monitoring and preliminary research of the navigation system. This system including rescuing team membering carry-on terminal device(extension) and in the center monitor and show the device (the host computer), can monitor team member's physiological state in real time, and can offer the position information of rescuing the team member. Among them the extension system is the focal point.
The whole extension system can be divided for the following part: (1) embedded processor, (2) Spread Spectrum Communication, (3) GPS, (4) life information monitor. We adopt SAMSUNG Company ARM 9 processor chip S3C2410 as hardwares cores, mainly is the key board of system after designing the systematic hardware and expand every part of circuit of board.we adopt chips of Spread Spectrum Communications, Spread Spectrum Communication have a series of advantages that other communication ways do not possess, especially suitable for the complicated topography and communicate. Have realized wireless data transmission of the systematic demand. Positon system uses the whole world to orient the technology of the satellite (GPS), has realized that receives GPS message under the embedded systematic condition. Physiological information including rhythm of the heart, body temperature, breathing and blood and oxygen saturation lever, among them the measuring of rhythm of the heart and body temperature of main research of this text.
引文
[1] 李驹光．ARM应用系统开发详解—基于S3C4510B的系统设计．北京：清华大学出版社，2003．2：126--144
[2] Craig Hollabaugh．嵌入式Linux硬件、软件与接口．北京：电子工业出版社，2003．1：227243
[3] 马忠梅．ARM嵌入式处理器结构与应用基础．北京：航空航天大学出版社，2003．3：138145
[4] 周立功．ARM微控制器基础与实战．北京：航空航天大学出版社，2003．5：115142
[5] Samsung 公司. S3C2410 R1SC Microprocessor Reference Manual
[6] ARM Linux manu. http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/software/manu/arm-linux
[7] ARM9 user's manual. http:l/www.arm.com/ARM9
[8] GPS interface. http://www.garmin.comlGPS/GPS25LVS
[9] BG Russ Zajtchuk, et al. Battlefield Trauma Care: Focus on Advanced Technology. Military Medicine, 1995, 160(1): 1-7
[10] Bedini. R., et aI. ECG telemetric evalation in formula one drivers. In: IEEE, Computers in Cardiology. Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE, 1995
[11] WINBOND, DIRECT SEQUENCE SPREAD SPECTRUMTRAMS-CEIVER, 1996
[12] WINBOND, 902-928MHZ GFSK RF MODULE, 1998
[13] 李玉兰等一种带硬盘存储的四道无线遥测心电监护系统．中国医疗器械杂志，1994，18：18-20
[14] 王广运等．差分GPS定位技术与应用．第一版．北京：电子工业出版社，1996
[15] 查光明等．扩频通讯．第一版．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社，1990
[16] 王秉钧等．扩频通信．第一版．天津：天津大学出版社．1993
[17] Arnold Berger著．吕骏译．嵌入式系统设计．北京：电子工业出版社，2002．5：4577
[18] 李德元．嵌入式计算机技术及其应用[J]．计算机工程第24卷，第10期：7-11
[19] 李驹光，聂雪媛，江泽明，王兆卫编著．ARM应用系统开发详解——基于S3C4510B的系统设计．清华大学出版社，2003．12
[20] 杜春雷编著．ARM体系结构与编程．清华大学出版社，2003．2
[21] 曹名扬．嵌入式系统及其应用技术热点[J]．电子世界2001，2：31-32
[22] USER'S MANUAL S3C2410X 32-Bit RISC Microprocessor Revision 1.2 Publication Number: 21.2-S3-C2410X-052003 @ 2003 Samsung Electronic
[23] 谢金明．高速数字电路设计与噪声控制技术．电子工业出版社，2003．4
[24] 黄庆生，吴振华，苏哲．inux基础教程．人民邮电出版社，1999，6
[25] 邹思轶．嵌入式Linux设计与应用．清华大学出版社，2001．1
[26] 毛德操，胡希明著．嵌入式操作系统--采用公开源代码和StrongARM／XScale处理器．浙江大学出版社，2003．10
[27] 肖忠样．数据采集原理．西安：西北工业大学出版社，2001．2
[28] 沈兰荪．数据采集技术．合肥：中国科学技术大学出版社，1990：2-3
[30] David Seal. ARM Architecture Reference Manual. Second Edition. Published by Pearson Education Limited(Addsion-Wesley) 1996-2001
[31] Microsoft Corporation. Microsoft Windows CE. NET Feature Overview. Microsoft Corporation. January 2003
[32] 蒋嗣荣，金伯寿等．实时多任务环境下的监控系统的实现．工业控制计算机，2001．6：77-81
[33] John W. Ketchum, John G. Proakis. Adaptive algorithms for estimating and suppressing narrow-band interference in PN spread spectrum systems. IEEE TransCommun, 1982, 30(5): 913-924
[34] 陈建华，谢希仁．在自适应滤波器中干扰信号检测算法的研究．电子科学学刊，1999，21(3)：420-423
[35] 唐瑜，严梅，洪福明．扩频通信中组合自适应抗干扰技术．电子科技大学学报，1998，27(2)：123-128
[36] 周红彬．直接序列扩频通信中窄带干扰的识别和抵消．2003，西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文
[37] 张厥盛，郑继禹，万心平．锁相技术．西安电子科技大学出版社．2000
[38] 陈世伟．锁相环路原理及应用．兵器工业出版社．1990
[39] 尚晓唬，胡修林，杨灵，直接序列扩展频谱通信系统仿真．系统工程与电子技术，2000，25(2)：154-159
[40] Mehmet V. Tazebay, excision techniquesN. Akansu. A performance analysis of interference direct sequence spread spectrum communications. IEEE Trans. On signal processing, 1998, 46(9): 2530-2535
[41] Michael J. Medley, Gary J. Saulnier, Pankay K. Das. Narrow-band interference excision in spread spectrum systems using lapped transforms. IEEE Trans Commun 1997, 45 (11): 1444-1455
[2] Craig Hollabaugh．嵌入式Linux硬件、软件与接口．北京：电子工业出版社，2003．1：227243
[3] 马忠梅．ARM嵌入式处理器结构与应用基础．北京：航空航天大学出版社，2003．3：138145
[4] 周立功．ARM微控制器基础与实战．北京：航空航天大学出版社，2003．5：115142
[5] Samsung 公司. S3C2410 R1SC Microprocessor Reference Manual
[6] ARM Linux manu. http://www.arm.linux.org.uk/software/manu/arm-linux
[7] ARM9 user's manual. http:l/www.arm.com/ARM9
[8] GPS interface. http://www.garmin.comlGPS/GPS25LVS
[9] BG Russ Zajtchuk, et al. Battlefield Trauma Care: Focus on Advanced Technology. Military Medicine, 1995, 160(1): 1-7
[10] Bedini. R., et aI. ECG telemetric evalation in formula one drivers. In: IEEE, Computers in Cardiology. Los Alamitos, CA, USA: IEEE, 1995
[11] WINBOND, DIRECT SEQUENCE SPREAD SPECTRUMTRAMS-CEIVER, 1996
[12] WINBOND, 902-928MHZ GFSK RF MODULE, 1998
[13] 李玉兰等一种带硬盘存储的四道无线遥测心电监护系统．中国医疗器械杂志，1994，18：18-20
[14] 王广运等．差分GPS定位技术与应用．第一版．北京：电子工业出版社，1996
[15] 查光明等．扩频通讯．第一版．西安：西安电子科技大学出版社，1990
[16] 王秉钧等．扩频通信．第一版．天津：天津大学出版社．1993
[17] Arnold Berger著．吕骏译．嵌入式系统设计．北京：电子工业出版社，2002．5：4577
[18] 李德元．嵌入式计算机技术及其应用[J]．计算机工程第24卷，第10期：7-11
[19] 李驹光，聂雪媛，江泽明，王兆卫编著．ARM应用系统开发详解——基于S3C4510B的系统设计．清华大学出版社，2003．12
[20] 杜春雷编著．ARM体系结构与编程．清华大学出版社，2003．2
[21] 曹名扬．嵌入式系统及其应用技术热点[J]．电子世界2001，2：31-32
[22] USER'S MANUAL S3C2410X 32-Bit RISC Microprocessor Revision 1.2 Publication Number: 21.2-S3-C2410X-052003 @ 2003 Samsung Electronic
[23] 谢金明．高速数字电路设计与噪声控制技术．电子工业出版社，2003．4
[24] 黄庆生，吴振华，苏哲．inux基础教程．人民邮电出版社，1999，6
[25] 邹思轶．嵌入式Linux设计与应用．清华大学出版社，2001．1
[26] 毛德操，胡希明著．嵌入式操作系统--采用公开源代码和StrongARM／XScale处理器．浙江大学出版社，2003．10
[27] 肖忠样．数据采集原理．西安：西北工业大学出版社，2001．2
[28] 沈兰荪．数据采集技术．合肥：中国科学技术大学出版社，1990：2-3
[30] David Seal. ARM Architecture Reference Manual. Second Edition. Published by Pearson Education Limited(Addsion-Wesley) 1996-2001
[31] Microsoft Corporation. Microsoft Windows CE. NET Feature Overview. Microsoft Corporation. January 2003
[32] 蒋嗣荣，金伯寿等．实时多任务环境下的监控系统的实现．工业控制计算机，2001．6：77-81
[33] John W. Ketchum, John G. Proakis. Adaptive algorithms for estimating and suppressing narrow-band interference in PN spread spectrum systems. IEEE TransCommun, 1982, 30(5): 913-924
[34] 陈建华，谢希仁．在自适应滤波器中干扰信号检测算法的研究．电子科学学刊，1999，21(3)：420-423
[35] 唐瑜，严梅，洪福明．扩频通信中组合自适应抗干扰技术．电子科技大学学报，1998，27(2)：123-128
[36] 周红彬．直接序列扩频通信中窄带干扰的识别和抵消．2003，西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文
[37] 张厥盛，郑继禹，万心平．锁相技术．西安电子科技大学出版社．2000
[38] 陈世伟．锁相环路原理及应用．兵器工业出版社．1990
[39] 尚晓唬，胡修林，杨灵，直接序列扩展频谱通信系统仿真．系统工程与电子技术，2000，25(2)：154-159
[40] Mehmet V. Tazebay, excision techniquesN. Akansu. A performance analysis of interference direct sequence spread spectrum communications. IEEE Trans. On signal processing, 1998, 46(9): 2530-2535
[41] Michael J. Medley, Gary J. Saulnier, Pankay K. Das. Narrow-band interference excision in spread spectrum systems using lapped transforms. IEEE Trans Commun 1997, 45 (11): 1444-1455