基于ARM和嵌入式LINUX的无线视频监控系统的实现
|
摘要
嵌入式系统是以应用为中心,以计算机为基础,并且软硬件可裁剪,适用于应用系统对功能、可靠性、成本、体积、功耗有严格要求的专用计算机系统。嵌入式系统一般由嵌入式微处理器、外围硬件设备、嵌入式操作系统以及用户的应用程序4部分组成,用于实现对其它设备的控制、监视或管理等功能。其广泛应用于控制领域、消费电子产品等行业,已成为现代电子领域的重要研究方向之一。而随着电子技术,多媒体技术及网络技术快速发展,视频监控系统也正在向嵌入式,数字化,网络化方向发展。嵌入式视频监控系统充分利用大规模集成电路和网络的科技成果,实现体积小巧,性能稳定,通讯便利的监控产品。本项的目的正是建立一个完整的基于ARM9核心处理器和嵌入式Linux操作系统的嵌入式视频监控系统。
本项目是在ARM微处理器平台上,移植嵌入式Linux操作系统,并完成视频采集、压缩、传输任务。系统采用ARM微处理器AT91RM9200作为主处理器,以视频采集芯片ADV7181作为视频采集设备,用H.263视频压缩协议对视频数据进行压缩,最后通过中兴通信公司MG815+CDMA通信模块传输到服务器上。
本论文主要分成五个章节:第一章首先介绍ARM和嵌入式Linux操作系统的特点和当前的发展概况,然后说明了本文的课题背景及意义;第二章描述了硬件开发平台。本系统采用了ALTMEL的AT91RM9200为核心的开发平台,并扩展了以视频采集模块和CDMA无线传输模块;第三章描述了本系统的软件开发平台,包括嵌入式Linux开发流程以及移植到具体硬件平台需要完成的工作,如U-Boot的移植、Linux内核的编译与裁剪、文件系统韵制作等;第四章首先论述了本系统中的难点FIFO设备的驱动编写,随后在对H.263视频压缩编码叙述的基础上针对块匹配运动估计给出了一种改进的菱形搜索算法代替原有的三步搜索法,并且通过实验结果证明,经算法改进优化的新菱形算法优于原先的三步搜索法;最后在第五章得出了实验结果,完成了视频数据的无线网络传输。
Embedded system is a special computer system which suit the application with the strict request for the function,the reliability,the cost,the volume,the power loss,which is with the application as center,the computer as the foundation,and hardware and software cutting out.It is generally composed of the embedded micro controller,the periphery hardware devices,embedded operating system,and user's application 4 parts,which is used to control, supervise or manage other devices.It has been used in the fields of control, consumer electronic product and etc,and one of the most important research aspect of the electron field.With the rapid development of the electronic technology,multimedia technology and network technology,video surveillance system is going to the embedded,digital,networked direction. Taking full advantage of LSI and networks of scientific and technological achievements,the embedded video surveillance system achieves volume delicate,performance stability,facilitate the surveillance of communications products.
The project is in arm microprocessor platform,and porting embedded Linux system in it.It completes video capturing,compression,and transmission tasks.System uses ARM9(AT91RM9200)as the main processor, chip ADV7181 as video capturing device also uses software to compress the video data with H.263 and transmits the coded data to the server throughout the CDMA transmitting module which produced by ZhongXing Communication Company.
This paper is divided into five chapters:chapter one summarizes the characters of arm and embedded linux,and then introduces the project's background and signification;in chapter two,it gives a detail description for the construction of the platform.System uses an embedded platform centered with AT91RM9200 microprocessor,and then extends video capturing module and CDMA wireless transmitting module;Chapter three described the process of developing linux and work needed to do porting linux to a special platform, including porting U-Boot,compiling and trimming linux kernel,making filesystem;Chapter four described design of linux drivers in detail which is full of difficulties,and then.specifies standard,of H.263 video signal encoder. Estimation.A new diamond search algorithm for fast-matching motion estimation is proposed to replace the traditional three-step search algorithm in the motion estimation region.Experiments results demonstrated that the application on the new diamond search algorithm has improved the efficiency of compression ratio and computing speed in contrast to the three-step search algorithm.Chapter five is the system test.Finally the project presents the video data wireless trasmiting.
本项目是在ARM微处理器平台上,移植嵌入式Linux操作系统,并完成视频采集、压缩、传输任务。系统采用ARM微处理器AT91RM9200作为主处理器,以视频采集芯片ADV7181作为视频采集设备,用H.263视频压缩协议对视频数据进行压缩,最后通过中兴通信公司MG815+CDMA通信模块传输到服务器上。
本论文主要分成五个章节:第一章首先介绍ARM和嵌入式Linux操作系统的特点和当前的发展概况,然后说明了本文的课题背景及意义;第二章描述了硬件开发平台。本系统采用了ALTMEL的AT91RM9200为核心的开发平台,并扩展了以视频采集模块和CDMA无线传输模块;第三章描述了本系统的软件开发平台,包括嵌入式Linux开发流程以及移植到具体硬件平台需要完成的工作,如U-Boot的移植、Linux内核的编译与裁剪、文件系统韵制作等;第四章首先论述了本系统中的难点FIFO设备的驱动编写,随后在对H.263视频压缩编码叙述的基础上针对块匹配运动估计给出了一种改进的菱形搜索算法代替原有的三步搜索法,并且通过实验结果证明,经算法改进优化的新菱形算法优于原先的三步搜索法;最后在第五章得出了实验结果,完成了视频数据的无线网络传输。
Embedded system is a special computer system which suit the application with the strict request for the function,the reliability,the cost,the volume,the power loss,which is with the application as center,the computer as the foundation,and hardware and software cutting out.It is generally composed of the embedded micro controller,the periphery hardware devices,embedded operating system,and user's application 4 parts,which is used to control, supervise or manage other devices.It has been used in the fields of control, consumer electronic product and etc,and one of the most important research aspect of the electron field.With the rapid development of the electronic technology,multimedia technology and network technology,video surveillance system is going to the embedded,digital,networked direction. Taking full advantage of LSI and networks of scientific and technological achievements,the embedded video surveillance system achieves volume delicate,performance stability,facilitate the surveillance of communications products.
The project is in arm microprocessor platform,and porting embedded Linux system in it.It completes video capturing,compression,and transmission tasks.System uses ARM9(AT91RM9200)as the main processor, chip ADV7181 as video capturing device also uses software to compress the video data with H.263 and transmits the coded data to the server throughout the CDMA transmitting module which produced by ZhongXing Communication Company.
This paper is divided into five chapters:chapter one summarizes the characters of arm and embedded linux,and then introduces the project's background and signification;in chapter two,it gives a detail description for the construction of the platform.System uses an embedded platform centered with AT91RM9200 microprocessor,and then extends video capturing module and CDMA wireless transmitting module;Chapter three described the process of developing linux and work needed to do porting linux to a special platform, including porting U-Boot,compiling and trimming linux kernel,making filesystem;Chapter four described design of linux drivers in detail which is full of difficulties,and then.specifies standard,of H.263 video signal encoder. Estimation.A new diamond search algorithm for fast-matching motion estimation is proposed to replace the traditional three-step search algorithm in the motion estimation region.Experiments results demonstrated that the application on the new diamond search algorithm has improved the efficiency of compression ratio and computing speed in contrast to the three-step search algorithm.Chapter five is the system test.Finally the project presents the video data wireless trasmiting.
引文
铩颷1]许海热等编著.嵌入式系统技术与应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2002:2-100
[2]王田苗编著.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发.北京:清华大学出版社,2002:4-265
[3]魏忠等编著.嵌入式开发详解.北京:电子工业出版社,2003,34-146
[4]马忠梅 马广云 徐英慧 天泽编著.ARM嵌入式处理器结构与应用基础.北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.6,12-95
[6]杜春雷编著.ARM体系结构与编程.清华大学出版社,2003.2,1-21
[5]陈文智等编著.嵌入式系统开发原理与实践.清华大学出版社,2005.8:8-175
[7]胡晓军 张爱成编著.USB 接口开发技术.西安电子科技大学出版社,2005.5,1-74
[8]周志敏 周纪海 纪爱华编著.模块化DC/DC实用电路.电子工业出版社,2004.4,36-46
[9]何希才编著.稳压电源电路的设计与应用.中国电力出版社,2006.2,34-79
[10]皱思轶编著.嵌入式Linux设计与应用.清华大学出版社,2002.1,241-282
[11]王学龙.嵌入式Linux系统设计与应用.清华大学出版社,2001.8,243-358
[12]Jonathan Corbet,Alessandro Rubini著.魏永明,骆刚,姜军译.LINUX设备驱动程序(第二版).北京:中国电力出版社.2002.
[13]周立功 陈明计 陈渝编著.ARM嵌入式Linux系统构建与驱动开发范例.北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.1,241-290
[14]Michael Beck,Harald BOhme,Mirko Dziadzka,Ulrich Kunitz,RobertMagnus,Claus Schroter,Dirk Verworner著.张瑜 杨继萍等译.LinuxKernel Programming.清华大学出版社,2004.11,141-189
[15]周立功等编著.ARM嵌入式系统软件开发实例(一).北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.7,12-16
[16]赵炯编著.Linux内核完全注释.机械工业出版社,2004.9,130-170
[17]NeilMattchew,Richard stones著.杨涛,杨晓云,王建桥,高文雅等 译.Linux程序设计,机械工业出版社,2002.1,130-219
铩颷18Jonathan Corbet,Alessandro Rubini&Greg Kroah-Hartman著.魏永民 耿岳钟书毅译.Linux Device Drivers.中国电力出版社,2006.7,321-425
[19]Danielp Bovet&Marco Cesati著.陈莉君 冯锐 牛欣源译.孙玉芳审.深入理解Linux内核.中国电力出版社2006.9,120-234
[20]李驹光等.基于ARM核的工业以太网控制系统智能节点的设计,电子技术,2003.7
[21]Telenor Research[J].TMN(H.263)Eneoder/Deeoder Version20.June1997
[22]Coteq ErolB,GallantM,etal.H.263+:video coding at low bitrates[J].IEEE Transon Circuits and Systems for Video Teehnology,1998,8(7):849-866
[23]ITU-T Recommendation H.263- Video Coding for Low BitCommunication[Z].1996
[24]黎洪松.数字图象压缩编码技术及其C语言程序范例[M].北京:学苑出版社,1994,34-79
[25]魏星,蒋建国,齐美彬.“基于选择预测的自适应运动估计算法”,中国图像图形学报,Vol.10,No.7,July,2005.
[26]Shen LI,Yong JIANG,Content-Based Motion Estimation with ExtendedTemporal-Spatial Analysis,IEICE TRANS,INF.&SYST,vol.E88-D,no.7,July 2005.
[27]Gary R.Wright and W.Richard Stevens TCP/IP详解(第二卷).北京:机械工业出版社,2000:27-178
[28]W.Richard Stevens著.范建华,胥光辉,张涛等译.“TCP/IP详解(卷一:协议)”,机械工业出版社,2000,PP.15-23
[29]E.Cooling,N.S.Cooling.An Integrated design approach for hard real-timecmbcdded systems.Real-Time Systems,IEE Colloquium,Apr.2002,10:1-6.
[30]A.M,Fox,J.E.Cooling.N.S.Cooling Integrated design approach forreal-time embedded systems.Software,IEE Proceedings,46(2):75-85,April 1999
[31]鲁宏伟 孔华锋 赵贻竹 裴晓黎 编著.多媒体计算机原理与应用.清华大学出版社,2006.5,28-34
[32]刘海燕 绍立嵩 荆涛编著.Linux系统应用与开发教程.机械工业出版 社,2005.10,10-35
铩颷33]田泽编著.嵌入式系统开发与应用教程.北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.4,50-133
[34]ITU-TDraftITU-1996,Recommendation H.263[S]
[35]ITU-TDraftITU-1998,Recommendation H.263[S]
[36]ITU-TDraftITU-2000,Recommendation H.263[S]
[37]江彤.数字视频图像中运动估计的实现[J]科技情报开发与经济,2005,(02)
[38]刘凯,胡晓斌,王春彦.视频压缩中的运动估计技术的研究[J]无线通信技术,2004,(04).
[39]邓永红.视频压缩编解码标准综述[J]有线电视技术,2004,(03).
[2]王田苗编著.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发.北京:清华大学出版社,2002:4-265
[3]魏忠等编著.嵌入式开发详解.北京:电子工业出版社,2003,34-146
[4]马忠梅 马广云 徐英慧 天泽编著.ARM嵌入式处理器结构与应用基础.北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.6,12-95
[6]杜春雷编著.ARM体系结构与编程.清华大学出版社,2003.2,1-21
[5]陈文智等编著.嵌入式系统开发原理与实践.清华大学出版社,2005.8:8-175
[7]胡晓军 张爱成编著.USB 接口开发技术.西安电子科技大学出版社,2005.5,1-74
[8]周志敏 周纪海 纪爱华编著.模块化DC/DC实用电路.电子工业出版社,2004.4,36-46
[9]何希才编著.稳压电源电路的设计与应用.中国电力出版社,2006.2,34-79
[10]皱思轶编著.嵌入式Linux设计与应用.清华大学出版社,2002.1,241-282
[11]王学龙.嵌入式Linux系统设计与应用.清华大学出版社,2001.8,243-358
[12]Jonathan Corbet,Alessandro Rubini著.魏永明,骆刚,姜军译.LINUX设备驱动程序(第二版).北京:中国电力出版社.2002.
[13]周立功 陈明计 陈渝编著.ARM嵌入式Linux系统构建与驱动开发范例.北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.1,241-290
[14]Michael Beck,Harald BOhme,Mirko Dziadzka,Ulrich Kunitz,RobertMagnus,Claus Schroter,Dirk Verworner著.张瑜 杨继萍等译.LinuxKernel Programming.清华大学出版社,2004.11,141-189
[15]周立功等编著.ARM嵌入式系统软件开发实例(一).北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.7,12-16
[16]赵炯编著.Linux内核完全注释.机械工业出版社,2004.9,130-170
[17]NeilMattchew,Richard stones著.杨涛,杨晓云,王建桥,高文雅等 译.Linux程序设计,机械工业出版社,2002.1,130-219
铩颷18Jonathan Corbet,Alessandro Rubini&Greg Kroah-Hartman著.魏永民 耿岳钟书毅译.Linux Device Drivers.中国电力出版社,2006.7,321-425
[19]Danielp Bovet&Marco Cesati著.陈莉君 冯锐 牛欣源译.孙玉芳审.深入理解Linux内核.中国电力出版社2006.9,120-234
[20]李驹光等.基于ARM核的工业以太网控制系统智能节点的设计,电子技术,2003.7
[21]Telenor Research[J].TMN(H.263)Eneoder/Deeoder Version20.June1997
[22]Coteq ErolB,GallantM,etal.H.263+:video coding at low bitrates[J].IEEE Transon Circuits and Systems for Video Teehnology,1998,8(7):849-866
[23]ITU-T Recommendation H.263- Video Coding for Low BitCommunication[Z].1996
[24]黎洪松.数字图象压缩编码技术及其C语言程序范例[M].北京:学苑出版社,1994,34-79
[25]魏星,蒋建国,齐美彬.“基于选择预测的自适应运动估计算法”,中国图像图形学报,Vol.10,No.7,July,2005.
[26]Shen LI,Yong JIANG,Content-Based Motion Estimation with ExtendedTemporal-Spatial Analysis,IEICE TRANS,INF.&SYST,vol.E88-D,no.7,July 2005.
[27]Gary R.Wright and W.Richard Stevens TCP/IP详解(第二卷).北京:机械工业出版社,2000:27-178
[28]W.Richard Stevens著.范建华,胥光辉,张涛等译.“TCP/IP详解(卷一:协议)”,机械工业出版社,2000,PP.15-23
[29]E.Cooling,N.S.Cooling.An Integrated design approach for hard real-timecmbcdded systems.Real-Time Systems,IEE Colloquium,Apr.2002,10:1-6.
[30]A.M,Fox,J.E.Cooling.N.S.Cooling Integrated design approach forreal-time embedded systems.Software,IEE Proceedings,46(2):75-85,April 1999
[31]鲁宏伟 孔华锋 赵贻竹 裴晓黎 编著.多媒体计算机原理与应用.清华大学出版社,2006.5,28-34
[32]刘海燕 绍立嵩 荆涛编著.Linux系统应用与开发教程.机械工业出版 社,2005.10,10-35
铩颷33]田泽编著.嵌入式系统开发与应用教程.北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.4,50-133
[34]ITU-TDraftITU-1996,Recommendation H.263[S]
[35]ITU-TDraftITU-1998,Recommendation H.263[S]
[36]ITU-TDraftITU-2000,Recommendation H.263[S]
[37]江彤.数字视频图像中运动估计的实现[J]科技情报开发与经济,2005,(02)
[38]刘凯,胡晓斌,王春彦.视频压缩中的运动估计技术的研究[J]无线通信技术,2004,(04).
[39]邓永红.视频压缩编解码标准综述[J]有线电视技术,2004,(03).