基于ARM9的车载图像记录仪的设计
摘要
随着我国经济的快速发展,人们的生活水平不断提高,汽车的数量也在急剧增加。汽车数量的剧增以及各种不安全因素,导致了我国交通事故率居高不下,交通事故的责任认定已成为重要问题。目前,交通事故的责任认定是依靠事故现场遗留痕迹和状况来分析、判断、认定事故的责任,不能再现发生事故时的状况,造成交通事故责任的误判或者不能判定交通事故的责任。另外,为了保证汽车驾驶员规范操作和公共汽车人身、财产安全,需要实时监测和记录车内状况。因此,需要一种可以记录汽车内外状况的图像的记录仪。
本文研制了一种车载图像记录仪。在总体方案设计的基础上,采用嵌入式ARM9微处理器设计了车载图像记录仪的硬件;实现并优化了JPEG图像压缩编码的算法;在ARM9微处理器硬件平台上移植了嵌入式LINUX操作系统;在ADS软件平台下设计了车载图像记录仪的软件,并进行了试验和调试。
该记录仪能够循环存储汽车运行的图像数据,记录汽车行驶过程中车内外的状况,为交通事故责任认定提供依据,提醒、督促驾驶员安全驾驶,保证公共汽车人身、财产安全,提高交通运营部门的管理水平。另外它还可以用于在汽车碰撞试验中的数据采集进行科学研究。该仪器在汽车交通领域具有重要的应用价值。
With China's rapid economic development, people's living standards continue to improve. There is also a dramatic increase in the number of automobiles, which, along with many unsafe factors, has lead to a high traffic accident rate. The authentication for the responsibility of traffic accidents is becoming more and more important. At present, the authentication relies mostly on the trace at the spot and is unable to reproduce the accident, which will result in an erroneous judgment of the accident. In addition, to ensure that drivers can drive safely, real-time monitoring and recording are necessary. Therefore, an image recorder is needed to record the inside and outside situation of the car.
An Auto's Image Recorder is developed in this paper. Based on the overall plan, the Recorder's hardware is designed using ARM9 microprocessor. The JPEG image compression algorithm is realized and optimized. The embedded LINUX operating system is transplanted on ARM9 microprocessor hardware platform. The Recorder's software is designed on ADS software platform, and testing and debugging for the software are also executed.
The Recorder can store the image data of vehicle's driving process in cycle, record the driving environment, give assistance to Traffic Management Department for authenticating the responsibility of traffic accidents, supervise and urge the driver to drive safely, guarantee the personal and property safety on the bus, and improve the management level of Traffic Operation Department. It can also be used for data acquisition in scientific experiments such as vehicle crash. The Recorder has significant application values in vehicle traffic field.
本文研制了一种车载图像记录仪。在总体方案设计的基础上,采用嵌入式ARM9微处理器设计了车载图像记录仪的硬件;实现并优化了JPEG图像压缩编码的算法;在ARM9微处理器硬件平台上移植了嵌入式LINUX操作系统;在ADS软件平台下设计了车载图像记录仪的软件,并进行了试验和调试。
该记录仪能够循环存储汽车运行的图像数据,记录汽车行驶过程中车内外的状况,为交通事故责任认定提供依据,提醒、督促驾驶员安全驾驶,保证公共汽车人身、财产安全,提高交通运营部门的管理水平。另外它还可以用于在汽车碰撞试验中的数据采集进行科学研究。该仪器在汽车交通领域具有重要的应用价值。
With China's rapid economic development, people's living standards continue to improve. There is also a dramatic increase in the number of automobiles, which, along with many unsafe factors, has lead to a high traffic accident rate. The authentication for the responsibility of traffic accidents is becoming more and more important. At present, the authentication relies mostly on the trace at the spot and is unable to reproduce the accident, which will result in an erroneous judgment of the accident. In addition, to ensure that drivers can drive safely, real-time monitoring and recording are necessary. Therefore, an image recorder is needed to record the inside and outside situation of the car.
An Auto's Image Recorder is developed in this paper. Based on the overall plan, the Recorder's hardware is designed using ARM9 microprocessor. The JPEG image compression algorithm is realized and optimized. The embedded LINUX operating system is transplanted on ARM9 microprocessor hardware platform. The Recorder's software is designed on ADS software platform, and testing and debugging for the software are also executed.
The Recorder can store the image data of vehicle's driving process in cycle, record the driving environment, give assistance to Traffic Management Department for authenticating the responsibility of traffic accidents, supervise and urge the driver to drive safely, guarantee the personal and property safety on the bus, and improve the management level of Traffic Operation Department. It can also be used for data acquisition in scientific experiments such as vehicle crash. The Recorder has significant application values in vehicle traffic field.
引文
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[2] Rabbani M, Joshi R. An overview of the JPEG2000 still image compression standard. Signal Process, 2002, 17(1): 38-48
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[11] Sutter Ed. Embedded systems firmware demystified. CMP Books, CMP Media LLc, 2002: 27-29
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[13] Ralf-Roland Schmidt-Cotta. Accident and event data recording. Journal of Transportation Law, 2004
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[26]凌志浩,张文超,俞金寿.嵌入式系统结构及其发展概况[J].自动化仪表,2003,24(4):1-5
[27]王卓,包杰.嵌入式Linux系统及其应用前景[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,5(5):5-8
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[32]王副月.一种实时图像采集与处理系统的实现[J].中国集成电路,2003(8):33-37
[33]刑选.数码相机图像采集原理及软件设计方法[J].微计算机,2002(4):9-12
[34]刘里国.S3C2410下的LCD驱动程序设计[J].微计算机,2003(2):49-54
[35]丁光贵.嵌入式DCT图像编码技术[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2001(1):25-29
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[37]荣峰.车载图像记录仪的研制.硕士论文.西华大学,2006.6
[38]孙伟.汽车运行状况图像监测系统的研制.硕士学位论文.天津工业大学,2005.12
[39]周连恒.CMOS图像传感器芯片0V7648及其应用[J].现代电子技术,2004(22):5-7
[40]刘丹.计算机图像处理的数学和算法基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005
[41]苏光大.图像并行处理技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[42]杜春雷.ARM结构体系与编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[43]赵炯.LINUX内核完全注释[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[44]周立功.ARM嵌入式系统软件开发实例[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[45]饶运涛,邹继军,郑勇芸.现场总线CAN原理与应用技术[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004
[46]ARM教学实验平台实验指导书[M].深圳远峰计算机技术有限公司,2003
[47]陈羿,田捷,王金刚.嵌入式软件开发技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2003
[48]探矽工作室.嵌入式系统开发圣经(第二版)[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2003
[49]乌远清.多媒体技术与C语言实现[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1999
[50]毛德操,胡希明.Linux内核源代码情景分析(上下册)[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2001
[51]雅默.构建嵌入式Linux系统[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004
[2] Rabbani M, Joshi R. An overview of the JPEG2000 still image compression standard. Signal Process, 2002, 17(1): 38-48
[3] Dick G, Lakshminarayana P. Analysis of power dissipation in embedded systems using real-time operating systems. Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, 2003, 22(5): 615-627
[4] Konrad A, Cheng J. Object analysis patterns for embedded systems. Software Engineering, 2004, 30(12): 970-992
[5] Taramaa J, Khurana A N, Kuvaja P. Product-based software process improvement for embedded systems. Euromicro Conference, 2005, 22(2): 36-37
[6] Goodacre J, Sloss A N. Parallelism and the ARM instruction set architecture. Computer, 2005, 38(7): 42-50
[7] Minnich R G. Give your bootstrap the boot:using the operating system to boot the operating system. Cluster Computing, 2004, 20(4): 439-448
[8] Casazza G, Antoniol G, Villano U. Identifying clones in the Linux kernel. Source Code Analysis and Manipulation, 2001, 10(3): 90-97
[9] Yaghmour K. Building embedded Linux Systems. Oreilly Press, 2003
[10] Schach S R, Jin B, Wright D R. Maintainability of the Linux kernel. Software Engineering, 2002, 149(1): 18-23
[11] Sutter Ed. Embedded systems firmware demystified. CMP Books, CMP Media LLc, 2002: 27-29
[12] Ellie Quigley. Entitled linux shells by examples. Prentice Hall RTP, 2000: 56-60
[13] Ralf-Roland Schmidt-Cotta. Accident and event data recording. Journal of Transportation Law, 2004
[14] Tim Sramcik. NHTSA proposes standard for event data recorders. Automotive Body Repair News, 2004
[15] Peter I J, John M J. Traffic accident reduction by monitoring driver behavior with in-car datarecorders. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 2000, 32(5): 643-650
[16] Data Sheet S3C2440A. Samsung Semiconductors, 2005.1
[17]Data Sheet 0V7640.2004.1
[18]Data Sheet C8051F060.Cygnal Semiconductors,2004.10
[19]LPC2292/LPC2294 Rev.01-05 February 2004 Philips Instruments Incorporated
[20]CAN Specification Version 2.0.1991
[21]RTL8019hS.pdf Datasheet.http://www,realtek,com.tw,2003
[22]DDIOIOOE_ARM_ARM.ARM Limited 2000
[23]DUIOO68B_ADS1_2_Assembler.ARM Limited 2001
[24]DUI0065D_ADS1_2_CodeWarrior.ARM Limited 2001
[25]Craig Hollabaugh著,陈雷,钟书毅译.嵌入式Linux-硬件、软件与接口[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[26]凌志浩,张文超,俞金寿.嵌入式系统结构及其发展概况[J].自动化仪表,2003,24(4):1-5
[27]王卓,包杰.嵌入式Linux系统及其应用前景[J].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,5(5):5-8
[28]武朝晖.嵌入式软件发展趋势[J].电子产品世界,2005,22(2):36-37
[29]周彩宝,刘应学.ARM体系以及AMBA总线分析[J].计算机工程,2003,29(5):147-150
[30]马海红,何嘉斌.基于ARM的嵌入式系统FLASH接口设计与编程[J].仪表技术与传感器,2005,42(1):39-42
[31]刘宇.一种通用SDRAM控制器的设计[J].电子设计应用,2003,2(2):19-21
[32]王副月.一种实时图像采集与处理系统的实现[J].中国集成电路,2003(8):33-37
[33]刑选.数码相机图像采集原理及软件设计方法[J].微计算机,2002(4):9-12
[34]刘里国.S3C2410下的LCD驱动程序设计[J].微计算机,2003(2):49-54
[35]丁光贵.嵌入式DCT图像编码技术[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2001(1):25-29
[36]刘一显.基于ARM的嵌入式程序设计开发要点[J].ARM编程论坛,2006
[37]荣峰.车载图像记录仪的研制.硕士论文.西华大学,2006.6
[38]孙伟.汽车运行状况图像监测系统的研制.硕士学位论文.天津工业大学,2005.12
[39]周连恒.CMOS图像传感器芯片0V7648及其应用[J].现代电子技术,2004(22):5-7
[40]刘丹.计算机图像处理的数学和算法基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005
[41]苏光大.图像并行处理技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[42]杜春雷.ARM结构体系与编程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[43]赵炯.LINUX内核完全注释[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[44]周立功.ARM嵌入式系统软件开发实例[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[45]饶运涛,邹继军,郑勇芸.现场总线CAN原理与应用技术[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004
[46]ARM教学实验平台实验指导书[M].深圳远峰计算机技术有限公司,2003
[47]陈羿,田捷,王金刚.嵌入式软件开发技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2003
[48]探矽工作室.嵌入式系统开发圣经(第二版)[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2003
[49]乌远清.多媒体技术与C语言实现[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1999
[50]毛德操,胡希明.Linux内核源代码情景分析(上下册)[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2001
[51]雅默.构建嵌入式Linux系统[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004