机网协调下汽轮发电机组扭振建模与分析
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摘要
为了更好的分析机网协调下电力系统中汽轮发电机组之间扭振的相互影响以及扭振波的传播,本文以轴系扭转弹性波模型、电力系统连续体机电波模型为基础建立了用于扭振分析的统一模型,对常见的电气故障进行分析,求解故障分量为统一模型提供扰动源,并以实际多机系统为例进行SSO仿真分析。同时本文对扭振故障下轴系疲劳强度以及寿命损耗进行研究,针对目前大部分电厂对联轴器螺栓预紧力选定方法的缺陷,以螺栓伸长量为入手点建立了扭振故障下校核螺栓强度的新方法,给出螺栓伸长量选取的安全准则。最后,以某600MW机组为例,对轴系进行扭振特性分析,响应分析以及低发联轴器螺栓的疲劳寿命损耗分析。
In order to get better analysis of torsional vibration and spreading wave between turbine-generators under the electromechannical disturbance of power system, this paper founds a uniform model based on the continuum electormechanical wave model to analyze torsional vibration between turbine-generators. The paper analyzes different fault and solve the fault component to provide disturbance source, and then use a simple multi-machine to do a simulation. This paper researched the fatigue failure and fatigue life of shafting under torsional fault. At present, most turbo-generators have defect on method of determining coupling bolt preload, the paper started a new method about calculation on tensile stress and shear stress and then provided the bolt elongation safety standard.At last taking a 600MW unit shafting as an example, the paper analyzed its torsional vibration characteristics,_shaft response and the Low-Gen coupling bolt fatigue live loss.
In order to get better analysis of torsional vibration and spreading wave between turbine-generators under the electromechannical disturbance of power system, this paper founds a uniform model based on the continuum electormechanical wave model to analyze torsional vibration between turbine-generators. The paper analyzes different fault and solve the fault component to provide disturbance source, and then use a simple multi-machine to do a simulation. This paper researched the fatigue failure and fatigue life of shafting under torsional fault. At present, most turbo-generators have defect on method of determining coupling bolt preload, the paper started a new method about calculation on tensile stress and shear stress and then provided the bolt elongation safety standard.At last taking a 600MW unit shafting as an example, the paper analyzed its torsional vibration characteristics,_shaft response and the Low-Gen coupling bolt fatigue live loss.
引文
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[5]陈勇,陆颂元,顾芳等.汽轮发电机组轴系扭振特性计算分析[J].汽轮机技术,1999,41(5)：276-279.
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[42]束洪春,司大军等.高压输电线路故障及操作电磁暂态数字计算新方法[J].电力系统自动化,2000,20：23-26.
[43]付鲁华,郝志勇,刘月辉.基于稳定度调节的汽轮发电机轴系部分扭振模态控制[J].汽轮机技术,2004,46(6)：451-453.
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[2]陆颂元.汽轮发电机组振动[M].北京：中国电力出版社,2000：1-30.
[3]何成兵,顾煜炯.汽轮发电机组扭振模型和算法综述[J].华北电力大学学报,2003,30(2)：56-60.
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[5]陈勇,陆颂元,顾芳等.汽轮发电机组轴系扭振特性计算分析[J].汽轮机技术,1999,41(5)：276-279.
[6]王西田,鲍文于达仁.基于分布参数轴系模型的汽轮发电机扭振仿真模型[J].汽轮机技术,1998,40(2)：65-68.
[7]王梅义,吴竟昌等.大电网系统技术[M].北京：中国电力出版社,1995：45-75.
[8]He Chengbing, Gu Yujiong, Yang Kun. The analysis of the shaft torsional vibration response of turbine-generator unit based on state-space method. Asia-Pacific Vibration Conference, China,2001.
[9]Bogacz R, Szolc T, Irrtier H. An application of torsional wave analysis to turbogenerator rotor shaft response. Trans. of ASME, Journal of Vibration and Acoustis,1992,114(2):149～153.
[10]IEEE Subsynchronous Resonance Working Group. Second Bench mark Model for Computer Simulation of Sub synchronous Resonance. IEEE Trans on PAS,1985,104(5):1057～1066.
[11]靳希,安平,杨秀,等.发电机模型对次同步振荡阻尼特性分析的影响 [J].高电压技术,2006,32(1)：81-83.
[12]孙德昌,汪东升.电网扰动对外高桥发电厂300MW汽轮发电机组轴系疲劳寿命的影响 [J].电力系统自动化,1995,19(6)：24-28.
[13]王春明,段献忠等.电网大扰动时序对汽轮发电机组轴系扭振的影响[J].电力系统自动化,1995,19(7)：10-14.
[14]张勇,方泽南,蒋滋康.100MW汽轮发电机组轴系扭振特性的计算分析[J].汽轮机技术,1997,39(4)：204-208.
[15]A E Fitzgerald, Charles Kingsley, Stephen D Umans等著.电机学(美).北京：电子工业出版社,2004：102～152.
[16]周长春,徐政,王冠.多机电力系统扭振相互作用的研究综述[J].电网技术,2004,28(6)：1～4.
[17]赵洪山,米增强,任惠.电力系统事件建模与分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(22)：11～16.
[18]王德林,王晓茹,Thorp J S.电力系统的连续体系机电波模[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(17)：30-37
[19]王德林,王晓茹.电力系统连续体模型中机电波传播特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(16)：43-48.
[20]高文志,刘建国,郝志勇.电力系统扰动对汽轮发电机组轴系扭振的影响极其主动控制[J].中国动力工程学报,2005,25(2)：169-173.
[21]陈陈,杨煜.几种次同步振荡分析方法和工具的阐述[J].电网技术,1998,22(8)：10-13.
[22]Agrawal B L, Farmer R G. Use of frequency scanning techniques for sub — synchronous resonance analysis. IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1979,9,8(2):1～9.
[23]Andoson P M, Farmer R G. Series compensation of power systems. Chapter 6, PBLSH Inc,1996 Page(s):1 ～ 7.
[24]刘洪涛,徐政,周长春.静止无功补偿器对发电机组同步振荡特性的影响[J].电网技术,2003,27(1)：1-4.
[25]赵学强,刘建新.次同步谐振的频域分析法[J].华东电力,1999(4)：1-4.
[26]倪以信,王艳春,陈寿孙.多机系统直流输电引起的次同步振荡的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,1993,44(4)：15-29.
[27]何成兵,顾煜炯,李增志.汽轮发电机组轴系扭振模型—四端网络模型的完善[J].汽轮机技术,2002,23(3)：213-215.
[28]Walker D N, Bowler C E J, Baker D H. Torsional dynamics of closely coupled tunbine-generators[J]. IEEE Trans on Power Apparatus and System, 1978,97(4):1458～1466.
[29]Canay I M. A New Approach to the Torsional Interaction and Electrical Damping of the Synchronous Machine(Part Ⅱ). IEEE Trans on PAS, 1982, PAS-101 (10):3630-3647.
[30]李晓波.汽轮发电机组轴系扭振建模及寿命损耗分析[硕士学位论文].华 北电力大学,2006.
[31]Atarod V, Dandeno P L, Iravani M R. Impact of synchronous machine constants and models on the analysis of torsional dynamics[J]. IEEE Trans on Power system,1992 7(4):1456～1463.
[32]何成兵.汽轮发电机组轴系弯扭祸合振动研究[博士学位论文].北京：华北电力大学,2003.
[33]鲍文,王西田,于达仁,杨昆.汽轮发电机组扭振研究综述.汽轮机技术,1998,40(4)：193～203.
[34]王琳 韩守木 马志云林金铭.轴系连续质量模型在机电耦合轴系扭振研究中的应用[J].动力工程,1999,19(3)：82-85.
[35]吴俊勇,程时杰.具有直流输电的电力系统次同步谐振的研究[J].电力系统自动化,1996,20(11)：9-12.
[36]Iravani M R, Semlyen A. Hopf Bifurcations in Torsional Dynamics. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, February 1992,7(1):28～36.
[37]傅卫平,徐健学,张新华.应用非线性模态方法分析机电耦合次同步扭振系统的Hopf分岔[J].中国电机工程学报,1997,17(3)：175-178.
[38]傅予力,廖晓听.汽轮发电机组轴系扭振平衡位置分析与稳定域估计[J].电力系统自动化,2000,25(4)：6-9.
[39]高景德,张麟征.电机过渡过程的基本理论及分析方法[M].北京：科学出版社,1982.
[40]斯卢茨(王一宇、周于邦等译).电力系统暂态[M].北京：中国电力出版社,2003,19-33.
[41]Hedin R A, Stump K B, Hingorani N G. A.New Scheme for Subsynchronous Resonance Damping of Torsional Oscillations and Transient Torque——Part Ⅱ, Performance. IEEE Trans on Power Apparatus and Systems,1981, PAS-100(4):1856～1863.
[42]束洪春,司大军等.高压输电线路故障及操作电磁暂态数字计算新方法[J].电力系统自动化,2000,20：23-26.
[43]付鲁华,郝志勇,刘月辉.基于稳定度调节的汽轮发电机轴系部分扭振模态控制[J].汽轮机技术,2004,46(6)：451-453.
[44]Narendra K. Damping SSR in a Series Compensated Power System Power India Conference. IEEE 10-12 April,2006, Page(s):1～ 7.
[45]A A Fouad, K T Khu. Damping of Torsional Oscillations In Power System With Series-Compensated Lines. IEEE Trans on Vol, PAS-97, no 3 May/June 1978 Page(s):1～13.
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