丁酸钠对淡水鱼类生长性能及肠粘膜结构的影响
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摘要
为考察丁酸钠在淡水鱼类养殖中的作用,本论文的研究内容分为两个试验进行。
第一个试验观测丁酸钠对罗非鱼种生长性能的影响:在基础饲料(对照组)中分别添加500 g.t~((-1))、1000 g.t~((-1))、1500 g.t~((-1))的丁酸钠,试验鱼种为罗非鱼(平均体重为9.2g),试验期分别为52d。罗非鱼分为4组,每组90尾,分3个重复。结果表明,在罗非鱼鱼种试验中,与对照组相比,500 g.t~((-1))、1000 g.t~((-1))、1500 g.t~((-1))丁酸钠试验组的饲料报酬分别提高25.79%、5.95%和19.84%;增重率分别高于对照组26.43%、12.19%和29.11%;生长率分别比对照组提高18.4%、8.8%和20.0%:蛋白质效率分别提高25.8%、13.3%和27.6%;肥满度系数、内脏比则无显著差异。
第二个试验观测丁酸钠对鲤鱼鱼种生长性能和肠粘膜结构的影响:同样在基础饲料(对照组)中分别添加500 g.t~((-1))、1000 g.t~((-1))、1500 g.t~((-1))的丁酸钠,试验鱼种为鲤鱼(平均体重为43.0g),试验期分别为60d。鲤鱼分为4组,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复30尾。结果显示,与对照组相比,500 g.t~((-1))、1000 g.t~((-1))、1500 g.t~((-1))丁酸钠试验组的增重率分别比对照组提高3.54%、4.93%和4.15%;生长率分别比对照组提高2.20%、6.10%和2.20%:蛋白质效率分别提高2.47%、4.54%和4.55%。但丁酸钠试验组间的平均增重、生长率,饲料系数差异不显著(P＞0.05)。内脏比、肝体比处理组和对照组的差异不显著。肠粘膜上皮形态的观察和小肠绒毛的高度和宽度的测量表明,丁酸钠组的小肠黏膜上皮完整,肠绒毛粗壮,肠绒毛的高度、宽度,肠粘膜肌层厚度均比对照组提高(P＜0.01)。
饲养结果表明,添加丁酸钠能够明显提高饲料利用率,提高淡水鱼的生长性能,并有助于维持肠黏膜上皮细胞的正常形态。
In the first experiments lasted 52 days for the fish tilapia,the basic diet of the 4 groups were as follows:no Sodium butyrate,500 g.t~(-1),1000 g.t~(-1) and 1500 g.t~(-1) of Sodium butyrate.The monosexual fish Oreochromis niloticus(average body weight of was about 9.2g) were randomly divided 4 groups(90 fish per group).The results showed that,compared with the control group,the feed efficiency of the groups supplemented with 500 g.t~(-1),1000 g.t~(-1),1500 g.t~(-1) Sodium butyrate were increased by 25.79%、5.95%and 19.84%respectively;the body weight were increased by 26.43%、12.19%and 29.11%respectively;the growth rate were increased by 18.4%、8.8 %and 20.0%respectively;the protein efficiency were increased by 25.8%、13.3% and 27.6%respectively.There were no significant difference of relative fatness,and organ/body ratio among the groups.
In the secondary experiment,360 fish Cyprinus carp(average body weight of was about 15-20g) were randomly divided 4 groups(30 fish per group,each group have 3 repetition):no Sodium butyrate,500 g.t~(-1),1000 g.t~(-1) and 1500 g.t~(-1) of Sodium butyrate.The experiments lasted 60 days for the fish Cyprinus carp.The results show that the body weight of the groups supplemented with 500g.t~(-1),1000g.t~(-1),1500g.t~(-1) Sodium Butyrate were increased by 3.54%,4.93%and 4.15%compared with the control group respectively;the growth rates were increased by 2.20%,6.10%and 2.20%respectively;the protein efficiency of the trial group was increased 2.47%, 4.54%and 4.55%respectively.But there were no significant difference of body weight gain,growth rate,protein efficiency and feed efficiency among Sodiaum butyrate groups.Meanwhile,there were no significant difference of relative organ and body ratio among the each groups.After 60d,the structure of mucous epiyhelium were observed and the height,width of Mid-gut Villus and Submucous muscle layer depth of mucous epiyhelium was measured.The results show that:the height,width of Mid-gut Villus and Submucous muscle layer of mucous epithelium of the Sodiaum butyrate groups were significantly larger than that of control group.
The feeding results suggested that adding Sodium butyrate into basal diets increase feed utilization and growth performance of the fish significantly.
第一个试验观测丁酸钠对罗非鱼种生长性能的影响:在基础饲料(对照组)中分别添加500 g.t~((-1))、1000 g.t~((-1))、1500 g.t~((-1))的丁酸钠,试验鱼种为罗非鱼(平均体重为9.2g),试验期分别为52d。罗非鱼分为4组,每组90尾,分3个重复。结果表明,在罗非鱼鱼种试验中,与对照组相比,500 g.t~((-1))、1000 g.t~((-1))、1500 g.t~((-1))丁酸钠试验组的饲料报酬分别提高25.79%、5.95%和19.84%;增重率分别高于对照组26.43%、12.19%和29.11%;生长率分别比对照组提高18.4%、8.8%和20.0%:蛋白质效率分别提高25.8%、13.3%和27.6%;肥满度系数、内脏比则无显著差异。
第二个试验观测丁酸钠对鲤鱼鱼种生长性能和肠粘膜结构的影响:同样在基础饲料(对照组)中分别添加500 g.t~((-1))、1000 g.t~((-1))、1500 g.t~((-1))的丁酸钠,试验鱼种为鲤鱼(平均体重为43.0g),试验期分别为60d。鲤鱼分为4组,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复30尾。结果显示,与对照组相比,500 g.t~((-1))、1000 g.t~((-1))、1500 g.t~((-1))丁酸钠试验组的增重率分别比对照组提高3.54%、4.93%和4.15%;生长率分别比对照组提高2.20%、6.10%和2.20%:蛋白质效率分别提高2.47%、4.54%和4.55%。但丁酸钠试验组间的平均增重、生长率,饲料系数差异不显著(P＞0.05)。内脏比、肝体比处理组和对照组的差异不显著。肠粘膜上皮形态的观察和小肠绒毛的高度和宽度的测量表明,丁酸钠组的小肠黏膜上皮完整,肠绒毛粗壮,肠绒毛的高度、宽度,肠粘膜肌层厚度均比对照组提高(P＜0.01)。
饲养结果表明,添加丁酸钠能够明显提高饲料利用率,提高淡水鱼的生长性能,并有助于维持肠黏膜上皮细胞的正常形态。
In the first experiments lasted 52 days for the fish tilapia,the basic diet of the 4 groups were as follows:no Sodium butyrate,500 g.t~(-1),1000 g.t~(-1) and 1500 g.t~(-1) of Sodium butyrate.The monosexual fish Oreochromis niloticus(average body weight of was about 9.2g) were randomly divided 4 groups(90 fish per group).The results showed that,compared with the control group,the feed efficiency of the groups supplemented with 500 g.t~(-1),1000 g.t~(-1),1500 g.t~(-1) Sodium butyrate were increased by 25.79%、5.95%and 19.84%respectively;the body weight were increased by 26.43%、12.19%and 29.11%respectively;the growth rate were increased by 18.4%、8.8 %and 20.0%respectively;the protein efficiency were increased by 25.8%、13.3% and 27.6%respectively.There were no significant difference of relative fatness,and organ/body ratio among the groups.
In the secondary experiment,360 fish Cyprinus carp(average body weight of was about 15-20g) were randomly divided 4 groups(30 fish per group,each group have 3 repetition):no Sodium butyrate,500 g.t~(-1),1000 g.t~(-1) and 1500 g.t~(-1) of Sodium butyrate.The experiments lasted 60 days for the fish Cyprinus carp.The results show that the body weight of the groups supplemented with 500g.t~(-1),1000g.t~(-1),1500g.t~(-1) Sodium Butyrate were increased by 3.54%,4.93%and 4.15%compared with the control group respectively;the growth rates were increased by 2.20%,6.10%and 2.20%respectively;the protein efficiency of the trial group was increased 2.47%, 4.54%and 4.55%respectively.But there were no significant difference of body weight gain,growth rate,protein efficiency and feed efficiency among Sodiaum butyrate groups.Meanwhile,there were no significant difference of relative organ and body ratio among the each groups.After 60d,the structure of mucous epiyhelium were observed and the height,width of Mid-gut Villus and Submucous muscle layer depth of mucous epiyhelium was measured.The results show that:the height,width of Mid-gut Villus and Submucous muscle layer of mucous epithelium of the Sodiaum butyrate groups were significantly larger than that of control group.
The feeding results suggested that adding Sodium butyrate into basal diets increase feed utilization and growth performance of the fish significantly.
引文
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[2]Camet L,David D,Demis-Pouxviel C et al.Effects of short-chain fatty acids on growth and differentiation of the human co-lon-cancer line HT-29[J].Int J cancer,1992,52(2):286-289.
[3]章亮,罗云,周斌华.2006.丁壮素的特点及其作用[J].饲料广角,10:47-48.
[4]李铁军,刘成霞,张静.丁酸钠对大肠癌HT一29细胞形态及其生长曲线的影响[J].现代肿瘤医学,2005,10,13(5):595-598.
[5]思迪曼生物化工研所.[?].(?)[2007-04-23]http://www.fjstm.com/web/10232.asp
[6]王继凤,陈耀星,王子旭等.丁酸钠对断奶仔猪小肠黏膜形态结构的影响[J].中国兽医科技,2005;35(4):298-301.
[7]Piva A.Morlacchini M.Sodium butyrate improves growth performance of weaned piglets during the first period after weaning[J].Italian Journal of Animal Science,2002.1(1):35-41.
[8]麻益良,贾文武.新型饲料添加剂佳保育(丁酸钠)研究进展[EB/OL].www.feedtrade.com.cn 2005-10-17.
[9]Cummings JH,Branch WJ.Fermentation and the production of short chain fatty acids in the human large intestine,ln:Vahouny GB,Kritchevsky D,eds.Dietary fiber.Basic and clinical aspects.New York Plenum 1986:131-152.
[10]康永松,赖州文,周斌华.丁壮素及其应用[C].2004第八届全国饲料添加剂学术暨新技术、新产品交流会论文集,2004,6:214-217.
[11]Galfi P,Bokori J.Feeding trial in pigs with a diet containing sodium butyrate [J].Acta Veterina Hungarica,1990,38:3-18.
[12]Floch M H,Hong-Curtiss J.2OO1.Probiotics and functional foods in gastrointestinal disorders[J].Current Gastroenterology Reports.3:343-350.
[13]辜玉红,王康宁.肠黏膜营养及生长调节研究进展[J].饲料博览,2003,(4):8-10.
[14]沈霞芬.家畜组织学与胚胎学[M].北京:中国农业出版社.2001,151-158.
[15]于康主编.临床营养治疗学,北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2004:118.
[16]Mikihisa Takono,David B,Rhoads,et al.Sodium butyrate increases glucose transporter expression in LLC--PK1 cells.Proc.Nad.Acad.Sci.USA.1988,(85):8072-8075.
[17]狄茜,李扬,赵雪俭等.丁酸钠对前列腺癌PC-3M细胞的增殖抑制和凋亡诱导作用[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2004,30:710-712.
[18]张孝卫,刘成霞,王兵等.丁酸钠对结肠癌细胞凋亡活性的影响[J].现代肿瘤医学,2007,(3):313-315.
[19]Grunstein M.Hislone acylalion in chromatin structure and transcriotion[J].Nature(London).1997,389(66t9):349-352.
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