基于1,2,4-Triazole杂环、Schiff-base及开链冠醚配体的自组装化学研究
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摘要
以自组装战略为基础的有机-无机配位聚合物和超分子配合物化学是目前国际化学界最活跃、最前沿的研究领域之一,亦是合成新型有机-无机复合功能材料的最有效的途径之一。最近,人们在配位聚合物的研究上取得了重要的进展,合成和表征了许多具有一维、二维和三维网状结构的配位聚合物。本文合成了一系列1, 2, 4-Triazole杂环桥连的三脚架型配体、富烯类配体、含三键Schiff-base类的配体,以及基于多醚链的开链冠醚类柔性配体,研究了它们与金属的的配位反应化学。共合成了若干个未见文献报道的配位化合物,并通过X-射线单晶衍射、红外、元素分析表征了它们的结构,测定了它们的荧光、热重分析等性质。
I.合成了一系列1, 2, 4-Triazole杂环桥连的三脚架型配体,包括端基为氰基类以及含有螯合结构Schiff-base类配体,其中得到端基为氰基的配体与软金属离子Ag(I)组装合成了1个结构新颖的配位化合物,并讨论了配体的臂的伸展方向对合成的配位化合物结构的影响。
II.合成了含三键的有着螯合结构的Schiff-base类配体,并与Ag(I)离子通过自组装反应合成了6个结构新颖的超分子组装体,讨论了不同的银盐跟同一配体配位时对其组装体的结构上影响。
III.合成一系列基于多醚链的开链冠醚氰基类的柔性配体,研究了它们与软金属离子Ag(I)的自组装化学反应,得到了很多大环类以及含有空穴的超分子组装体。系统讨论了多醚链在苯环的不同取代位置上对其自组装得到的超分子组装体的结构上的影响,其中有些配体不仅氰基与金属参与配位,冠醚上的氧原子也参与了配位组装。
IV.合成了一系列基于多醚链的开链冠醚羧酸类的柔性配体,并以之与过渡金属离子水热反应合成了含金属的配位化合物及氢键驱动的超分子配合物,并通过加入4,4-联吡啶等含氮模板进行反应而得到结构多样的超分子组装体。此类开链冠醚羧酸类配体非共价键作用力多样,自组装化学丰富。
V.合成了富烯类配体,并以之与软金属离子Ag(I)进行了自组装,报道了同时基于Ag-N和Ag-C协同键合作用的有机-无机配位聚合物。研究了基于以-CN和噻吩环为配位基团的不对称刚性富烯配体的配位聚合物的结构。
我们设计合成了一系列1, 2, 4-Triazole杂环桥连的三脚架型配体、含三键的类、刚性富烯类配体,以及基于多醚链的开链冠醚氰基类、羧酸类配体,研究结果证明这些配体是构建结构新颖配位化合物的良好前体,它们与金属离子的自组装反应能够得到结构新颖,物化性质优良的配位化合物,为设计合成荧光材料及功能性材料奠定了实验基础。另外,得到的新的超分子组装体可能含有空穴或者隧道,为主客体化学的研究提供了条件。
The chemistry of organic-inorganic coordination polymers and supramolecular complexes has recently become an active area of increasing interest internationally. Self-assembly of organic ligands and inorganic metal ions is one of the most efficient and widely used approaches for the construction of organic-inorganic composite materials. Recently, remarkable progress has been made in the area of molecular inorganic-organic hybrid polymers. The synthesis and characterization of infinite one-, two-, and three-dimensional networks have been an area of rapid growth. In this thesis, a series of ligands bridged, respectively, by 1, 2, 4-Triazole heterocyclic ring , fulvene, Schiff-base containing ethynyl, and the acyclic polyether-bridged ligands were synthesized. The coordination chemistry based on these new ligands and metal ions was investigated. A large number of new coordination compounds were prepared and fully characterized by IR, elemental analysis, X-ray single-crystal diffraction and TGA, the luminescent properties and thermal stability were investigated.
I. A series of tripodal-type ligands bridged by 1, 2, 4-Triazole heterocyclic ring were synthesized, which contain–CN as terminal groups or Schiff-base with chelated configuration. One coordination supramolecule generated from the tripodal-type ligand with–CN terminal groups and Ag(I) has been synthesized. The results demonstrated that the extending directions of arms of ligands influenced the structures of resulted compounds significantly.
II. The Schiff-base ligands with chelated configuration and ethynyl were designed and synthesized. Six coordination supramolecules were generated from self-assembly of these ligands and Ag(I). We found the difference in the type of silver salt influenced the configuration of coordination supramolecules when they reacted with the same ligand.
III. A series of acyclic polyether-bridged ligands with–CN as terminal groups were synthesized. The self-assembly reaction of thses ligands and Ag(I) were investigated and many coordination supramolecules with large ring or cavity were obtained. The difference in substitute positions in benzene ring greatly influenced the configuration of coordination supramolecules. Some ligands coordinated to Ag(I) not only by the–CN but also by the oxygen atoms of the polyaether chains.
IV. A series of flexible acyclic polyether-bridged ligands with–COOH as the terminal groups were synthesized. A lot of coordination driven and hydrogen-bond driven supramolecules were obtained by hydrothermal reactions of these ligands with d-block metals. Aslo, we added the 4,4’-bipyridine to the mixture to obtain many kinds of new coordination supramolecules. It indicated the diversity of the non-covalent interaction of the acyclic polyether-bridged ligands with–COOH as the terminal groups.
V. New type of fulvene ligands were designed and synthesized. The coordination chemistry of this type of fulvene ligands with Ag(I) was investigated. A novel organic–inorganic complexe was obtained based on Ag-N and Ag-C interaction. The self-assembly chemistry based on asymmetry fulvene ligands with–CN and thiophene as coordinated groups was investigated.
This study demonstrated that the use of ligands based on 1, 2, 4-Triazole heterocyclic ring , fulvene, Schiff-base containing ethynyl, and the acyclic polyether-bridged ligands as precursors to bind metal, is in fact a new and efficient approach for synthesis of novel supramolecular systems with interesting fluorescent chemical and physical properties. Also, these new coordination supramolecules may have cavity and provide the opportunity for the host-guest chemistry
I.合成了一系列1, 2, 4-Triazole杂环桥连的三脚架型配体,包括端基为氰基类以及含有螯合结构Schiff-base类配体,其中得到端基为氰基的配体与软金属离子Ag(I)组装合成了1个结构新颖的配位化合物,并讨论了配体的臂的伸展方向对合成的配位化合物结构的影响。
II.合成了含三键的有着螯合结构的Schiff-base类配体,并与Ag(I)离子通过自组装反应合成了6个结构新颖的超分子组装体,讨论了不同的银盐跟同一配体配位时对其组装体的结构上影响。
III.合成一系列基于多醚链的开链冠醚氰基类的柔性配体,研究了它们与软金属离子Ag(I)的自组装化学反应,得到了很多大环类以及含有空穴的超分子组装体。系统讨论了多醚链在苯环的不同取代位置上对其自组装得到的超分子组装体的结构上的影响,其中有些配体不仅氰基与金属参与配位,冠醚上的氧原子也参与了配位组装。
IV.合成了一系列基于多醚链的开链冠醚羧酸类的柔性配体,并以之与过渡金属离子水热反应合成了含金属的配位化合物及氢键驱动的超分子配合物,并通过加入4,4-联吡啶等含氮模板进行反应而得到结构多样的超分子组装体。此类开链冠醚羧酸类配体非共价键作用力多样,自组装化学丰富。
V.合成了富烯类配体,并以之与软金属离子Ag(I)进行了自组装,报道了同时基于Ag-N和Ag-C协同键合作用的有机-无机配位聚合物。研究了基于以-CN和噻吩环为配位基团的不对称刚性富烯配体的配位聚合物的结构。
我们设计合成了一系列1, 2, 4-Triazole杂环桥连的三脚架型配体、含三键的类、刚性富烯类配体,以及基于多醚链的开链冠醚氰基类、羧酸类配体,研究结果证明这些配体是构建结构新颖配位化合物的良好前体,它们与金属离子的自组装反应能够得到结构新颖,物化性质优良的配位化合物,为设计合成荧光材料及功能性材料奠定了实验基础。另外,得到的新的超分子组装体可能含有空穴或者隧道,为主客体化学的研究提供了条件。
The chemistry of organic-inorganic coordination polymers and supramolecular complexes has recently become an active area of increasing interest internationally. Self-assembly of organic ligands and inorganic metal ions is one of the most efficient and widely used approaches for the construction of organic-inorganic composite materials. Recently, remarkable progress has been made in the area of molecular inorganic-organic hybrid polymers. The synthesis and characterization of infinite one-, two-, and three-dimensional networks have been an area of rapid growth. In this thesis, a series of ligands bridged, respectively, by 1, 2, 4-Triazole heterocyclic ring , fulvene, Schiff-base containing ethynyl, and the acyclic polyether-bridged ligands were synthesized. The coordination chemistry based on these new ligands and metal ions was investigated. A large number of new coordination compounds were prepared and fully characterized by IR, elemental analysis, X-ray single-crystal diffraction and TGA, the luminescent properties and thermal stability were investigated.
I. A series of tripodal-type ligands bridged by 1, 2, 4-Triazole heterocyclic ring were synthesized, which contain–CN as terminal groups or Schiff-base with chelated configuration. One coordination supramolecule generated from the tripodal-type ligand with–CN terminal groups and Ag(I) has been synthesized. The results demonstrated that the extending directions of arms of ligands influenced the structures of resulted compounds significantly.
II. The Schiff-base ligands with chelated configuration and ethynyl were designed and synthesized. Six coordination supramolecules were generated from self-assembly of these ligands and Ag(I). We found the difference in the type of silver salt influenced the configuration of coordination supramolecules when they reacted with the same ligand.
III. A series of acyclic polyether-bridged ligands with–CN as terminal groups were synthesized. The self-assembly reaction of thses ligands and Ag(I) were investigated and many coordination supramolecules with large ring or cavity were obtained. The difference in substitute positions in benzene ring greatly influenced the configuration of coordination supramolecules. Some ligands coordinated to Ag(I) not only by the–CN but also by the oxygen atoms of the polyaether chains.
IV. A series of flexible acyclic polyether-bridged ligands with–COOH as the terminal groups were synthesized. A lot of coordination driven and hydrogen-bond driven supramolecules were obtained by hydrothermal reactions of these ligands with d-block metals. Aslo, we added the 4,4’-bipyridine to the mixture to obtain many kinds of new coordination supramolecules. It indicated the diversity of the non-covalent interaction of the acyclic polyether-bridged ligands with–COOH as the terminal groups.
V. New type of fulvene ligands were designed and synthesized. The coordination chemistry of this type of fulvene ligands with Ag(I) was investigated. A novel organic–inorganic complexe was obtained based on Ag-N and Ag-C interaction. The self-assembly chemistry based on asymmetry fulvene ligands with–CN and thiophene as coordinated groups was investigated.
This study demonstrated that the use of ligands based on 1, 2, 4-Triazole heterocyclic ring , fulvene, Schiff-base containing ethynyl, and the acyclic polyether-bridged ligands as precursors to bind metal, is in fact a new and efficient approach for synthesis of novel supramolecular systems with interesting fluorescent chemical and physical properties. Also, these new coordination supramolecules may have cavity and provide the opportunity for the host-guest chemistry
引文
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