直流电阻率与瑞雷面波非线性联合反演方法研究
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摘要
目前常用于浅层物探的直流电阻率法以及瑞雷面波法在环境与工程物探中发挥了重要作用，这些方法技术日趋成熟，其正反演理论、解释方法及应用等正在逐步完善。但多解性仍是反演过程中无法克服的弊病，有必要采用联合反演方法，通过增加约束条件来降低其多解性。本文提出将人工蜂群算法用于多种方法的反演中，研究了多种方法的联合反演，以达到克服多解性，提高反演精度与效率的目的。
首先在详细分析了直流电阻率测深法、高密度电阻率法和瑞雷面波法的原理、方法及正演理论基础上，利用工具，分别编制了直流电阻率测深法、高密度电阻率法和瑞雷面波法的正演程序，其中电阻率测深法采用了线性滤波法，高密度电阻率法采用了有限单元法，瑞雷面波法采用了快速标量传递算法。对一维的二层、三层、四层地质模型和二维单体低阻异常、一高一低双阻异常、混合异常模型进行了正演计算，并对计算结果进行了分析，为直流电阻率测深法、高密度电阻率法和瑞雷面波反演提供研究基础。
其次在阐述人工蜂群算法的原理基础上，根据直流电阻率测深法、高密度电阻率法和瑞雷面波法的各自原理和特点，建立适合于人工蜂群算法的非线性反演目标函数。通过试验分析，选择适合于各种反演方法的最佳参数组合，并利用
程序实现了基于人工蜂群算法的直流电阻率测深、高密度电阻率法、瑞雷波基阶模式非线性反演算法。进一步研究了瑞雷波多阶模式联合非线性反演算法、电测深与瑞雷波基阶模式联合反演算法、电测深与瑞雷波多阶模式联合反演算法。经过对理论模型的试算，得出基于人工蜂群算法反演模型的稳定性和可推广性结论。
最后通过河北承德民用机场勘查项目实例验证，结果表明基于人工蜂群算法的电测深与瑞雷面波联合非线性反演方法能够有效解决单一方法的多解性问题，具有反演收敛速度快和较好的拟合性和推广能力。
Currently the electrical method and Rayleigh wave seismic method used in the near-surface geophysical played an important role in the Environmental and Engineering Geophysical. These exploration methods including forward and inversion theory, explain the methods and applications are gradually improving. However in the inversion process, it is necessary to adopt a joint inversion by adding constrains to reduce the multiplicity. This dissertation proposed artificial bee colony algorithm for multiple methods of inversion, studied joint inversion of many methods to overcome the multiplicity to improve inversion accuracy and efficiency.
First of all, detailed analysis of principles, methods and forward modeling theory of DC resistivity sounding method, high-density resistivity method and Rayleigh wave method, using Matlab respectively programmed the forward modeling of DC resistivity sounding, High-density resistivity and Rayleigh wave mothod, which used linear filter algorithm in DC resistivity sounding method, used limited unit algorithm in High-density resistance rate law, used speed scalar transfer algorithm int Rayleigh wave. Fitted for the two-story, three-story, four-story model of the one-dimensional geological model and the single low resistance, one high and one low double resistance, mixed abnormal model of the two-dimensional geological model and analyzed the fitting results. These works provided preparation for inversion.
Second of all, based on the artificial bee colony algorithm principle, established suitable non-linear inversion objective function of the artificial bee colony algorithm according to the respective principles and characteristics of DC resistivity sounding, high-density resistivity method and Rayleigh wave method. Through experimental analysis, chosen the best combination of parameters for a variety of inversion methods, and used Matlab respectively programmed nonlinear inversion algorithm based on artificial bee colony algorithm for DC resistivity sounding, High-density resistivity method, the first model of Rayleigh wave, and studied Rayleigh wave multi-stage mode joint nonlinear inversion algorithms, electrical sounding and first mode of Rayleigh wave joint inversion algorithm, electrical sounding and Rayleigh wave multi-stage model joint inversion algorithm. After calculating the theoretical model, obtained the conclusion that inversion model based on artificial bee colony algorithm has the advantages of stability and promotional.
Finally, validating by Hebei Chengde Civil Airport Exploration Project, the results showed that joint nonlinear inversion method of the electrical sounding and the Rayleigh wave based on artificial bee colony algorithm has effectively solved the problem of multiplicity of a single method, and has convergence rate, better fitting and generalization.
首先在详细分析了直流电阻率测深法、高密度电阻率法和瑞雷面波法的原理、方法及正演理论基础上，利用工具，分别编制了直流电阻率测深法、高密度电阻率法和瑞雷面波法的正演程序，其中电阻率测深法采用了线性滤波法，高密度电阻率法采用了有限单元法，瑞雷面波法采用了快速标量传递算法。对一维的二层、三层、四层地质模型和二维单体低阻异常、一高一低双阻异常、混合异常模型进行了正演计算，并对计算结果进行了分析，为直流电阻率测深法、高密度电阻率法和瑞雷面波反演提供研究基础。
其次在阐述人工蜂群算法的原理基础上，根据直流电阻率测深法、高密度电阻率法和瑞雷面波法的各自原理和特点，建立适合于人工蜂群算法的非线性反演目标函数。通过试验分析，选择适合于各种反演方法的最佳参数组合，并利用
程序实现了基于人工蜂群算法的直流电阻率测深、高密度电阻率法、瑞雷波基阶模式非线性反演算法。进一步研究了瑞雷波多阶模式联合非线性反演算法、电测深与瑞雷波基阶模式联合反演算法、电测深与瑞雷波多阶模式联合反演算法。经过对理论模型的试算，得出基于人工蜂群算法反演模型的稳定性和可推广性结论。
最后通过河北承德民用机场勘查项目实例验证，结果表明基于人工蜂群算法的电测深与瑞雷面波联合非线性反演方法能够有效解决单一方法的多解性问题，具有反演收敛速度快和较好的拟合性和推广能力。
Currently the electrical method and Rayleigh wave seismic method used in the near-surface geophysical played an important role in the Environmental and Engineering Geophysical. These exploration methods including forward and inversion theory, explain the methods and applications are gradually improving. However in the inversion process, it is necessary to adopt a joint inversion by adding constrains to reduce the multiplicity. This dissertation proposed artificial bee colony algorithm for multiple methods of inversion, studied joint inversion of many methods to overcome the multiplicity to improve inversion accuracy and efficiency.
First of all, detailed analysis of principles, methods and forward modeling theory of DC resistivity sounding method, high-density resistivity method and Rayleigh wave method, using Matlab respectively programmed the forward modeling of DC resistivity sounding, High-density resistivity and Rayleigh wave mothod, which used linear filter algorithm in DC resistivity sounding method, used limited unit algorithm in High-density resistance rate law, used speed scalar transfer algorithm int Rayleigh wave. Fitted for the two-story, three-story, four-story model of the one-dimensional geological model and the single low resistance, one high and one low double resistance, mixed abnormal model of the two-dimensional geological model and analyzed the fitting results. These works provided preparation for inversion.
Second of all, based on the artificial bee colony algorithm principle, established suitable non-linear inversion objective function of the artificial bee colony algorithm according to the respective principles and characteristics of DC resistivity sounding, high-density resistivity method and Rayleigh wave method. Through experimental analysis, chosen the best combination of parameters for a variety of inversion methods, and used Matlab respectively programmed nonlinear inversion algorithm based on artificial bee colony algorithm for DC resistivity sounding, High-density resistivity method, the first model of Rayleigh wave, and studied Rayleigh wave multi-stage mode joint nonlinear inversion algorithms, electrical sounding and first mode of Rayleigh wave joint inversion algorithm, electrical sounding and Rayleigh wave multi-stage model joint inversion algorithm. After calculating the theoretical model, obtained the conclusion that inversion model based on artificial bee colony algorithm has the advantages of stability and promotional.
Finally, validating by Hebei Chengde Civil Airport Exploration Project, the results showed that joint nonlinear inversion method of the electrical sounding and the Rayleigh wave based on artificial bee colony algorithm has effectively solved the problem of multiplicity of a single method, and has convergence rate, better fitting and generalization.
引文
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