基于GSM-R的列车位置监测平台研究与设计
摘要
GSM-R(GSM for Railway)作为新一代的铁路综合数字移动通信网,在世界范围内得到了越来越广泛的应用,也是我国铁路移动通信的发展方向。随着高速铁路的大量建设和投入使用,GSM-R在我国得到了巨大的发展。
现代铁路的安全和指挥系统中,列车位置信息是一个关键因数,许多应用如移动闭塞、列车自动控制等都需要列车的位置信息作为参数之一。而在铁路建设过程中,针对不同的铁路线路采用了不同厂家和型号的列车控制和通信系统,造成各条线路互联互通比较困难,制约了集中网络管理的发展。为此,本文设计了一种基于GSM-R的列车位置监测平台,把多条铁路线路的列车位置信息放到同一个监测平台上,便于对列车的集中网络管理。
监测平台主要分三个部分：数据采集,数据传送和数据处理显示。数据采集使用ZigBee无线传感器网络,主要由两部分组成：沿铁路线布放的带状ZigBee无线传感器网络和列车上的移动节点。数据传送通过GSM-R网络,流程如下：先经过列车上汇聚节点的GPRS模块把数据传送到GSM-R网络基站BTS; BTS接着把数据沿着BSC、SGSN、GGSN模块,通过GPRS归属服务器接入GSM-R数据网,然后通过MPLS VPN网络把多条线路数据汇集到数据处理终端。在数据处理终端部分,使用铁路地理信息系统对位置信息进行矫正并显示在终端上面。
本文主要进行了如下三方面工作：针对带状ZigBee无线传感器网络设计定位算法,使用实验设备进行分析,验证方案的有效性；为了确保数据在GSM-R数据网中的可靠、实时传送,提出构建MPLS VPN虚拟专用网络传送数据的方式,通过GNS3仿真软件验证设计方案的可行性；针对GSM-R中对实时性、容错能力要求较高以及带状覆盖的特点,提出一种无线传感器网络实时容错时间同步算法,并结合GSM-R的实际需求提出相应组网解决方案,分析和仿真验证算法的有效性。
GSM-R (GSM for Railway) as a new generation integrated digital mobile communication network has been widely used in the world, and it's also China's development direction of railway mobile communications. With the large number of high-speed railway construction and put into use, GSM-R in China has been a huge development.
In the modern railway security and command systems, train position is a key factor, many applications such as moving block and train automatic control need train position information as the one of the parameters. In the course of railway construction, for different railway lines used different types of train control and communications systems, resulting the interconnection in lines is more difficult, limiting the development of centralized network management. This paper presents a GSM-R based train position monitoring platform to take a number of railway lines's train location information into a single monitoring platform to facilitate the centralized network management of the train.
Monitoring platform is divided into three parts:data acquisition, data transfer and data processing and display. Data collection using the ZigBee wireless sensor networks, mainly composed of two parts:ZigBee wireless sensor network laying strips along the line and mobile node on the train. Data transfer via GSM-R network, the process is as follows:first, the data through the GPRS module of the sink node sent to GSM-R network base station BTS; BTS and then transfer the data along the BSC, SGSN, GGSN module, access to the GSM-R data network through the GPRS attribution server, and then through the MPLS VPN network to data processing terminals.In the data processing terminal part, using the railway geographic information system to correct location information and displays in the terminal.
In this paper, research mainly in three aspects were as follows:design band ZigBee wireless sensor network localization algorithm, using laboratory equipment for analysis and verification programs; to ensure that data in the GSM-R data network transfer reliably and real-time, construct a MPLS VPN virtual private network to transmit data, then through the simulation software GNS3 to validate the design feasibility; aim at GSM-R's real-time, fault tolerance and strip covering characteristics, proposal a real-time fault-tolerant wireless sensor network time synchronization algorithm, also combined with the actual needs of GSM-R network, proposed the corresponding solutions. Analysis and simulation is to validate the algorithm.
现代铁路的安全和指挥系统中,列车位置信息是一个关键因数,许多应用如移动闭塞、列车自动控制等都需要列车的位置信息作为参数之一。而在铁路建设过程中,针对不同的铁路线路采用了不同厂家和型号的列车控制和通信系统,造成各条线路互联互通比较困难,制约了集中网络管理的发展。为此,本文设计了一种基于GSM-R的列车位置监测平台,把多条铁路线路的列车位置信息放到同一个监测平台上,便于对列车的集中网络管理。
监测平台主要分三个部分：数据采集,数据传送和数据处理显示。数据采集使用ZigBee无线传感器网络,主要由两部分组成：沿铁路线布放的带状ZigBee无线传感器网络和列车上的移动节点。数据传送通过GSM-R网络,流程如下：先经过列车上汇聚节点的GPRS模块把数据传送到GSM-R网络基站BTS; BTS接着把数据沿着BSC、SGSN、GGSN模块,通过GPRS归属服务器接入GSM-R数据网,然后通过MPLS VPN网络把多条线路数据汇集到数据处理终端。在数据处理终端部分,使用铁路地理信息系统对位置信息进行矫正并显示在终端上面。
本文主要进行了如下三方面工作：针对带状ZigBee无线传感器网络设计定位算法,使用实验设备进行分析,验证方案的有效性；为了确保数据在GSM-R数据网中的可靠、实时传送,提出构建MPLS VPN虚拟专用网络传送数据的方式,通过GNS3仿真软件验证设计方案的可行性；针对GSM-R中对实时性、容错能力要求较高以及带状覆盖的特点,提出一种无线传感器网络实时容错时间同步算法,并结合GSM-R的实际需求提出相应组网解决方案,分析和仿真验证算法的有效性。
GSM-R (GSM for Railway) as a new generation integrated digital mobile communication network has been widely used in the world, and it's also China's development direction of railway mobile communications. With the large number of high-speed railway construction and put into use, GSM-R in China has been a huge development.
In the modern railway security and command systems, train position is a key factor, many applications such as moving block and train automatic control need train position information as the one of the parameters. In the course of railway construction, for different railway lines used different types of train control and communications systems, resulting the interconnection in lines is more difficult, limiting the development of centralized network management. This paper presents a GSM-R based train position monitoring platform to take a number of railway lines's train location information into a single monitoring platform to facilitate the centralized network management of the train.
Monitoring platform is divided into three parts:data acquisition, data transfer and data processing and display. Data collection using the ZigBee wireless sensor networks, mainly composed of two parts:ZigBee wireless sensor network laying strips along the line and mobile node on the train. Data transfer via GSM-R network, the process is as follows:first, the data through the GPRS module of the sink node sent to GSM-R network base station BTS; BTS and then transfer the data along the BSC, SGSN, GGSN module, access to the GSM-R data network through the GPRS attribution server, and then through the MPLS VPN network to data processing terminals.In the data processing terminal part, using the railway geographic information system to correct location information and displays in the terminal.
In this paper, research mainly in three aspects were as follows:design band ZigBee wireless sensor network localization algorithm, using laboratory equipment for analysis and verification programs; to ensure that data in the GSM-R data network transfer reliably and real-time, construct a MPLS VPN virtual private network to transmit data, then through the simulation software GNS3 to validate the design feasibility; aim at GSM-R's real-time, fault tolerance and strip covering characteristics, proposal a real-time fault-tolerant wireless sensor network time synchronization algorithm, also combined with the actual needs of GSM-R network, proposed the corresponding solutions. Analysis and simulation is to validate the algorithm.
引文
[1]李晓霞. GSM-R高级语音呼叫业务在铁路调度通信中应用的建模与仿真研究[D].2010.5.
[2]钟章队,任静.对国内外GSM-R发展的研究[J].移动通信,2007,7：56-61.
[3]GSM43.068. Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase2+);Voice Group Call Service(VGCS)[S].2008,6:15-18.
[4]Pattaramalm S, Aalo V A, Efthymoglou G P. Call completion probability with Weibull distributed call holding time and cell dwell time. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, Washington D. C., USA,2007. IEEE Comsoc,2007:2634-2638.
[5]Li W, Fang Y. Performance evaluation of wireless cellular networks with mixed channel holding times. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.2008,7(6):2154-2160.
[6]张美.大秦线GSM-R系统应用[J].铁道通信信号.2007,6：52-53.
[7]宋钢.大秦线GSM-R系统构成与功能[J].中国铁路.2007,6：45-48.
[8]李哗.GSM-R系统时间分布模型及切换决策算法研究[D].2009,10.
[9]杨锐.GSM-R技术在中国铁路通信系统中的应用[J].科技情报开发与经济.2010,20(10)：102-103.
[10]索海艳.GSM-R编组站的互联互通及无线网络规划[D].2009,6.
[11]刘永庭.GSM-R系统在铁路通信中的应用[J].内蒙古科技与经济.2009(8)：100-101.
[12]俞健.高速条件下GPRS数据传输可靠性研究[J].电脑与电信.2009(4)：34-35.
[13]郑福林.几种列车定位系统性能比较分析[J].铁道技术监督.2010,38(6)：52-53.
[14]薛玲媛.列车定位系统中通信技术的应用探讨[J].中国新通信.2009(11)：41-43.
[15]陈艳华.传感器在高速铁路中的应用研究[J].电子设计工程.2009,17(10)：34-35.
[16]张国祥.基于无线传感器网络的多生理参数监护系统的研究和实现[D].2008.
[17]Jamil Y. Khan. Performance Evaluation of a Wireless Body Area Sensor Network for Remote Patient Monitoring[C].30th Annual International IEEE EMBS Conference Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, August,2008.
[18]李文仲,段朝玉ZigBee2006无线网络与无线定位实战[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2008.
[19]ZigBee alliance. ZigBee Specification.http://www.ZigBee.org,2005
[20]杜律.基于ZigBee技术和以太网的远程监护系统设计[D].2009,5.
[21]高守玮,吴灿阳.ZigBee技术实践教程[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2009.
[22]程琰.无线传感器网络路由协议的研究与设计[D].2010,5.
[23]ITU-T. ITU-T's Definition of NGN.http://www.itu.int/ITU—T/ngn/definition.Htm, 2008-05-1
[24]Todd Lammle[美].CCNA学习指南(中文第六版640-802)[M].电子工业出版社,2009.
[25]Jim Guichard等编著.MPLS网络设计权威指南[M].人民邮电出版社,2007
[26]李明辉,夏靖波,万路军.MPLS VPN组网仿真与应用设计[J].光电与控制,2009,16(6)： 45-47
[27]Haci A. Mantar. A scalable QoS routing model for diffserv over MPLS networks [J]. Telecommun Syst,2007, (34):107-115.
[28]唐庆.MPLS技术的OPNET仿真研究[D].2010,6.
[29]L.Jorge and T. Gomes. survey of Recovery Schemes in MPLS Networks[C]. International Conference on Dependability of Computer Systems,2006:110-118.
[30]Ivan Pepelnjak; Jim Guichard. MPLS和VPN体系结构[M].人民邮电出版社.2010.
[31]刘曼.MPLS+VPN技术及其实现[D].2010,6.
[32]高嵘华.列车定位技术在城市轨道交通中的应用[J].科技博览.2009(9)：255.
[33]Jennifer Yick, Biswanath Mukherjee, Dipak Ghosal. Wireless sensor network survey [J].Computer Networks,2008,52(12):2292-2330.
[34]YEN H H, LIN C L. Integrated channel assignment and data aggregation routing problem in wireless sensor networks [J].IET Communications,2009,3(5):784-793.
[35]Kohvakka,M.Suhonen,J.and Kuorilehto,M.et al.Energy-efficient neighbor discovery protocol for mobile wireless sensor networks [J]. Ad Hoc Networks,2009,(2):24-41.
[36]Ivan S, Lama N.PIPNET:A Wireless Sensor Network for Pipeline Monitoring[C].Proc. of International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks. Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA:[s.n.],2007.
[37]孙德云,沈杰,姜华,郑春雷,李宝清.适用于带状无线传感器网络的快速同步方法[J].计算机工程.2010,36(7)：1-3.
[38]Suhel S. Wireless Sensors Enhance System Safety, Efficiency for Mexico's Pemex (2007-08-10).http//www.vmonitor.com/docs/case_studies/August2007edi tion_OGJ.pdf
[39]张雪凡.线型拓扑无线传感器网络关键技术[J].上海大学学报(自然科学版).2010,16(1)：20-25.
[40]Tseng S. Wireless Ad Hoc Networking [M].[S.L]:Auerbach Publications,2007.
[41]王瑜,张继荣.无线传感器网络的时间同步[J].西安邮电学院学报.2010,15(1)：143-147.
[42]孙纪敏,沈玉龙,裴庆祺,马建峰.传感器网络异常时间同步数据过滤算法[J]西安电子科技大学学报(自然科学版)2008,5(35)
[43]Boukerche A, Turgut D. Secure Time Synchronization Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks[J].IEEE Wireless Communications.2007,14(5):64-69
[44]Shahzad K, Ali A, Gohar N D.ETSP:An Energy-Efficient Time Synchronization Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks[C].AINAW 2008.22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications-Workshops. Okinawa:IEEE,2008:971-976
[45]Nakamura E F, Loureiro P A F,Frery P C. Information Fusion for Wireless Sensor Networks:Methods, Models, and Classifications [J].ACM Computing Surveys, 2007,39(3):50-55
[2]钟章队,任静.对国内外GSM-R发展的研究[J].移动通信,2007,7：56-61.
[3]GSM43.068. Digital cellular telecommunications system(Phase2+);Voice Group Call Service(VGCS)[S].2008,6:15-18.
[4]Pattaramalm S, Aalo V A, Efthymoglou G P. Call completion probability with Weibull distributed call holding time and cell dwell time. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, Washington D. C., USA,2007. IEEE Comsoc,2007:2634-2638.
[5]Li W, Fang Y. Performance evaluation of wireless cellular networks with mixed channel holding times. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.2008,7(6):2154-2160.
[6]张美.大秦线GSM-R系统应用[J].铁道通信信号.2007,6：52-53.
[7]宋钢.大秦线GSM-R系统构成与功能[J].中国铁路.2007,6：45-48.
[8]李哗.GSM-R系统时间分布模型及切换决策算法研究[D].2009,10.
[9]杨锐.GSM-R技术在中国铁路通信系统中的应用[J].科技情报开发与经济.2010,20(10)：102-103.
[10]索海艳.GSM-R编组站的互联互通及无线网络规划[D].2009,6.
[11]刘永庭.GSM-R系统在铁路通信中的应用[J].内蒙古科技与经济.2009(8)：100-101.
[12]俞健.高速条件下GPRS数据传输可靠性研究[J].电脑与电信.2009(4)：34-35.
[13]郑福林.几种列车定位系统性能比较分析[J].铁道技术监督.2010,38(6)：52-53.
[14]薛玲媛.列车定位系统中通信技术的应用探讨[J].中国新通信.2009(11)：41-43.
[15]陈艳华.传感器在高速铁路中的应用研究[J].电子设计工程.2009,17(10)：34-35.
[16]张国祥.基于无线传感器网络的多生理参数监护系统的研究和实现[D].2008.
[17]Jamil Y. Khan. Performance Evaluation of a Wireless Body Area Sensor Network for Remote Patient Monitoring[C].30th Annual International IEEE EMBS Conference Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, August,2008.
[18]李文仲,段朝玉ZigBee2006无线网络与无线定位实战[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2008.
[19]ZigBee alliance. ZigBee Specification.http://www.ZigBee.org,2005
[20]杜律.基于ZigBee技术和以太网的远程监护系统设计[D].2009,5.
[21]高守玮,吴灿阳.ZigBee技术实践教程[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2009.
[22]程琰.无线传感器网络路由协议的研究与设计[D].2010,5.
[23]ITU-T. ITU-T's Definition of NGN.http://www.itu.int/ITU—T/ngn/definition.Htm, 2008-05-1
[24]Todd Lammle[美].CCNA学习指南(中文第六版640-802)[M].电子工业出版社,2009.
[25]Jim Guichard等编著.MPLS网络设计权威指南[M].人民邮电出版社,2007
[26]李明辉,夏靖波,万路军.MPLS VPN组网仿真与应用设计[J].光电与控制,2009,16(6)： 45-47
[27]Haci A. Mantar. A scalable QoS routing model for diffserv over MPLS networks [J]. Telecommun Syst,2007, (34):107-115.
[28]唐庆.MPLS技术的OPNET仿真研究[D].2010,6.
[29]L.Jorge and T. Gomes. survey of Recovery Schemes in MPLS Networks[C]. International Conference on Dependability of Computer Systems,2006:110-118.
[30]Ivan Pepelnjak; Jim Guichard. MPLS和VPN体系结构[M].人民邮电出版社.2010.
[31]刘曼.MPLS+VPN技术及其实现[D].2010,6.
[32]高嵘华.列车定位技术在城市轨道交通中的应用[J].科技博览.2009(9)：255.
[33]Jennifer Yick, Biswanath Mukherjee, Dipak Ghosal. Wireless sensor network survey [J].Computer Networks,2008,52(12):2292-2330.
[34]YEN H H, LIN C L. Integrated channel assignment and data aggregation routing problem in wireless sensor networks [J].IET Communications,2009,3(5):784-793.
[35]Kohvakka,M.Suhonen,J.and Kuorilehto,M.et al.Energy-efficient neighbor discovery protocol for mobile wireless sensor networks [J]. Ad Hoc Networks,2009,(2):24-41.
[36]Ivan S, Lama N.PIPNET:A Wireless Sensor Network for Pipeline Monitoring[C].Proc. of International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks. Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA:[s.n.],2007.
[37]孙德云,沈杰,姜华,郑春雷,李宝清.适用于带状无线传感器网络的快速同步方法[J].计算机工程.2010,36(7)：1-3.
[38]Suhel S. Wireless Sensors Enhance System Safety, Efficiency for Mexico's Pemex (2007-08-10).http//www.vmonitor.com/docs/case_studies/August2007edi tion_OGJ.pdf
[39]张雪凡.线型拓扑无线传感器网络关键技术[J].上海大学学报(自然科学版).2010,16(1)：20-25.
[40]Tseng S. Wireless Ad Hoc Networking [M].[S.L]:Auerbach Publications,2007.
[41]王瑜,张继荣.无线传感器网络的时间同步[J].西安邮电学院学报.2010,15(1)：143-147.
[42]孙纪敏,沈玉龙,裴庆祺,马建峰.传感器网络异常时间同步数据过滤算法[J]西安电子科技大学学报(自然科学版)2008,5(35)
[43]Boukerche A, Turgut D. Secure Time Synchronization Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks[J].IEEE Wireless Communications.2007,14(5):64-69
[44]Shahzad K, Ali A, Gohar N D.ETSP:An Energy-Efficient Time Synchronization Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks[C].AINAW 2008.22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications-Workshops. Okinawa:IEEE,2008:971-976
[45]Nakamura E F, Loureiro P A F,Frery P C. Information Fusion for Wireless Sensor Networks:Methods, Models, and Classifications [J].ACM Computing Surveys, 2007,39(3):50-55