路由器多点并发测试的图形化描述工具设计与实现
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摘要
笔者硕士论文的研究工作是在对路由器(交换机)和通信子网进行性能测试与评价的背景下进行的,本论文涉及分布式协同多点并发测试系统的图形化描述工具。ISO9646为测试网络中继设备而定义的“回绕测试法”(LTM-Loop-back Test Method)和“穿越测试法”(TTM-Transverse Test Method)只能对单个或一对端口进行测试,为了对路由器(交换机)和通信子网进行多点性能评测,需要一种新的测试方法来模拟路由器(交换机)和通信子网的实际工作环境,使测试系统能够同时对多个观测点的测试过程进行协调控制。为此,四川省网络通信技术重点实验室(SC-Netcom Lab)提出了“协同多点并发穿越测试法”((CMC-TTM-Coordinated Multi-Point Concurrent Transverse Test Method),并在此基础上形成了“分布式协同多点并发测试系统”((DCMC-TS-Distributed Coordinated Multi-point Concurrent Test System)的初步框架。
DCMC-TS分为上下两级结构,上级为协同多点并发测试管理器(CMC-TM-Coordinated Multi-Point Concurrent Test Manager),下级为多个直接测试控制器(DTC-Direct Test Controller),二者通过高速交换机或者网络实现互联。CMC-TM利用“多点测试协同管理协议”:MPT-CMP-Multi-Point Testing Coordination Management Protocol)对DTC进行协调管理控制,DTC直接对路由器或通信子网的两个观测点进行控制。
为了进行协同多点并发测试,CMC-TM必须具备以下功能：1)在测试前描述测试系统配置,为各DTC指派“测试集/例”(Test Suite/Case),包括发送的数据；2)在测试例执行过程中实现DTC间的协同配合控制功能,收集并记录DTC测试结果为测试操作员提供直观的测试过程显示和生成测试报告的依据；3)在单个测试例执行完后根据测试结果人工或自动地选择下一测试例。实现上述控制功能至少有两种方法：定义专用的多点测试描述语言或定义图形化的测试描述工具。为了简化测试例的描述和增加测试描述与执行过程的直观性,笔者选择了后一种方式。
初步实验表明：笔者为DCMC-TS设计实现的多点并发测试的图形化描述工具(GDT-MPC)不仅能对上级CMC-TM和下级DTC进行图形化的初始配置,还能对二者的测试状态、测试过程、测试结果进行图形化的描述和观测,使整个测试过程更加形象直观。实验结果还表明GDT-MPC达到了原定的设计目标。GDT-MPC的成功开发为多点并发测试实验提供了基本手段,从而为最终改进和完善DCMC-TS奠定了基础。
The general background of this MSc disertaion is performance evaluation techniques for routers, switches, and subnetworks and the disertaion is concerned with development of a graphical description tool for a Distributed Coordinated Multi-point Concurrent Test System (DCMC-TS). The ISO 9646 defined two conformance test methods for OSI Relay systems, i.e. LTM (Loop-back Test Method) and TTM (Transverse Test Method), catered for conformance testing of routers or switches with a single or two observation point(s) only. However, to evaluate performance of routers, switches, and subnetworks with multiple observable points, a new method is needed to emulate their operation environment and to control the test process at all these points simultaneously. For the very reason, SC-Netcom Lab (Sichuan Network Communication Technology Key Laboratory) has introduced a test method called CMC-TTM (Coordinated Multi-Point Concurrent Transverse Test Method). Implementation of CMC-TTM has evolved the DCMC-TS.
The DCMC-TS is a two-tier system, where a Coordinated Multi-Point Concurrent Test Manager (CMC-TM) at the top level is networked with multiple Direct Test Controllers (DTCs). CMC-TM uses MPT-CMP (Multi-Point Testing Coordination Management Protocol) to control DTCs coordinately. DTC observes and controls the router or subnetwork under test via relevant ports.
For coordinated multi-point testing, CMC-TM must be able:a) to describe the configuration of the test system, assign test suite/cases including test data before testing; b) to define coordination between DTCs, collect test results from DTCs for display in test execution and for storage for generation of test report; and c) to select the next test case manually or automatically after a test case execution. There are at least two ways to fulfill the task:to define a test decription language or to develop a graphical description tool (GDT). The author decided to develop a GDT to ease test case description.
Preliminary test experiments have shown that author's GDT-MPC (Graphical Description Tool for Multi-point Concurrent Test) is not only able to graphically configure the CMC-TM and DTCs, but also able to describe, observe, and display the test execution process. The results have also shown that the pototype GDT-MPC has satisfied the design goals. The accomplishment of GDT-MPC provides a tool for test operators to carry out muli-point concurrent test experiments and paves the way for improvement and optimization of the prototype of DCMC-TS.
DCMC-TS分为上下两级结构,上级为协同多点并发测试管理器(CMC-TM-Coordinated Multi-Point Concurrent Test Manager),下级为多个直接测试控制器(DTC-Direct Test Controller),二者通过高速交换机或者网络实现互联。CMC-TM利用“多点测试协同管理协议”:MPT-CMP-Multi-Point Testing Coordination Management Protocol)对DTC进行协调管理控制,DTC直接对路由器或通信子网的两个观测点进行控制。
为了进行协同多点并发测试,CMC-TM必须具备以下功能：1)在测试前描述测试系统配置,为各DTC指派“测试集/例”(Test Suite/Case),包括发送的数据；2)在测试例执行过程中实现DTC间的协同配合控制功能,收集并记录DTC测试结果为测试操作员提供直观的测试过程显示和生成测试报告的依据；3)在单个测试例执行完后根据测试结果人工或自动地选择下一测试例。实现上述控制功能至少有两种方法：定义专用的多点测试描述语言或定义图形化的测试描述工具。为了简化测试例的描述和增加测试描述与执行过程的直观性,笔者选择了后一种方式。
初步实验表明：笔者为DCMC-TS设计实现的多点并发测试的图形化描述工具(GDT-MPC)不仅能对上级CMC-TM和下级DTC进行图形化的初始配置,还能对二者的测试状态、测试过程、测试结果进行图形化的描述和观测,使整个测试过程更加形象直观。实验结果还表明GDT-MPC达到了原定的设计目标。GDT-MPC的成功开发为多点并发测试实验提供了基本手段,从而为最终改进和完善DCMC-TS奠定了基础。
The general background of this MSc disertaion is performance evaluation techniques for routers, switches, and subnetworks and the disertaion is concerned with development of a graphical description tool for a Distributed Coordinated Multi-point Concurrent Test System (DCMC-TS). The ISO 9646 defined two conformance test methods for OSI Relay systems, i.e. LTM (Loop-back Test Method) and TTM (Transverse Test Method), catered for conformance testing of routers or switches with a single or two observation point(s) only. However, to evaluate performance of routers, switches, and subnetworks with multiple observable points, a new method is needed to emulate their operation environment and to control the test process at all these points simultaneously. For the very reason, SC-Netcom Lab (Sichuan Network Communication Technology Key Laboratory) has introduced a test method called CMC-TTM (Coordinated Multi-Point Concurrent Transverse Test Method). Implementation of CMC-TTM has evolved the DCMC-TS.
The DCMC-TS is a two-tier system, where a Coordinated Multi-Point Concurrent Test Manager (CMC-TM) at the top level is networked with multiple Direct Test Controllers (DTCs). CMC-TM uses MPT-CMP (Multi-Point Testing Coordination Management Protocol) to control DTCs coordinately. DTC observes and controls the router or subnetwork under test via relevant ports.
For coordinated multi-point testing, CMC-TM must be able:a) to describe the configuration of the test system, assign test suite/cases including test data before testing; b) to define coordination between DTCs, collect test results from DTCs for display in test execution and for storage for generation of test report; and c) to select the next test case manually or automatically after a test case execution. There are at least two ways to fulfill the task:to define a test decription language or to develop a graphical description tool (GDT). The author decided to develop a GDT to ease test case description.
Preliminary test experiments have shown that author's GDT-MPC (Graphical Description Tool for Multi-point Concurrent Test) is not only able to graphically configure the CMC-TM and DTCs, but also able to describe, observe, and display the test execution process. The results have also shown that the pototype GDT-MPC has satisfied the design goals. The accomplishment of GDT-MPC provides a tool for test operators to carry out muli-point concurrent test experiments and paves the way for improvement and optimization of the prototype of DCMC-TS.
引文
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[27].王文娟.TTCN-3/C编译器研究与设计.西南交通大学硕士论文.2004
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[37].徐慧,李骐,陈涤.基于ns仿真器的自相似业务模型的研究和实现.计算机与信息技术.2004年,第3期
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[39]. W.E.leland, M.s.Taqqu, W.Willinger, D.V.Wilson. on the self-similar nature of Ethernet traffic (extended version). IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking.1994
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[2]. ITU-T Recommendation X.292. OSI Conformance Testing Methodology and Framework for Protocol Recommendations for ITU-T Applications-the tree and Tabular Conbined Notation (TTCN).1998
[3]. 田军,张玉军,于东.邻居发现协议的形式化测试.计算机研究与发展.2001年,第12期：1409-1417
[4]. ETSI European Standard 201 873-1 TTCN-3 Core Language.2003
[5]. Mohacsi, Janosa; Szigeti, Szabolcsa, Maray, Tamasa. Testing IPv6 implementations. Department of Control Engineering and Information Technology, Technical University of Budapest, Muegyetem rakpart 9, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
[6]. Rivoir. Parallel test reduces cost of test more effectively than just a cheap tester. Electronics Manufacturing Technology Symposium,2004. IEEE/CPMT/SEMI 29th International, July 14-16,2004:263-272
[7]. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC21. Information System Technology-Open System Interconnection-Conformance Testing Methodology and Framework (part 1-7). March 14,1994 RFC2460-Internet Protocol. Version 6 (IPv6) specification, December 1998
[8]. H. X. Zeng, D. Rayner. Gateway Testing Techniques. Yemini, Y and etc. Protocol specification, Testing, and Verification, IV. North-holland Publishers,1984:637-645
[9]. H. X. Zeng. On Gateway Testing Techniques. PhD Thesis of University of London. 1985
[10].曾华燊.联网机的标准化测试技术.通信学报.1986年,第7卷,第4期：19-26
[11]. H. X. Zeng, D. Rayner. Gateway Testing Techniques. Yemini, Y and etc. Protocol specification, Testing, and Verification, IV. North-holland Publishers,1984:645-656
[12].李中杰,吴建平.一种基于并发TTCN的FTP协议一致性测试研究.高技术通信.2002：16-22
[13].田军.IPv6协议一致性测试研究及测试系统实现.中国科学院计算技术研究所博士论文.2001
[14]. Huaxin Zeng, Xun Zhou, Bo Song. On Testing of IP Routers. PACAT'03,2003. IEEE Press, Aug,2003
[15]. Hao Luo, Huaxin Zeng. On Distributed Multi-Point Concurrent Test System and Its Implementation. Complex 2009, Part I, LNICST 4,2009:125-139
[16].鲍亚军,骆昊,高航.IP网络分布式测试中的同步和交互.计算机科学.2009年,第36卷：1
[17].宋波,岳丽全,骆昊.并发多端口路由器测试技术研究.计算机科学.2004年,Vol 31
[18].刘婷.多端口并发测试协调管理协议的研究、设计与实现.西南交通大学硕士论文.2008：11-18
[19].曾飞,徐娟,骆昊.双端口路由器测试系统测试例主控器的研究与开发.IECT’2005：34-38
[20]. Song Bo, Huaxin Zeng, Yue Liquan. On concurrent Multi-Port-Testing Test System (CMPT-TS) for Router.2004
[21]. L. X. Wang, H. X. Zeng. The CICA TTCN Tool Kit.4th IFIP International Workshop on Protocol Test Systems (IWPTS), Leidschendam, Netherlands. Oct,1991
[22].王文娟,钱向红,曾飞.TTCN-3/C编译器设计.计算机科学.2004,Vol.31：342-345
[23].范轶勇.路由器多端口并发测试管理控制技术研究.西南交通大学硕士论文.2007：9-15
[24].宋波.多端口路由器并发测试技术研究.西南交通大学博士论文.2005：42-66
[25].范轶勇.路由器多端口并发测试管理控制技术研究.西南交通大学硕士论文.2007：31-32
[26].曾飞.双端口测试器的可执行测试例生成系统研究与开发.西南交通大学硕士论文.2006
[27].王文娟.TTCN-3/C编译器研究与设计.西南交通大学硕士论文.2004
[28].钱向红.TTCN-3编译技术研究与实现.西南交通大学硕士论文.2004
[29].李进生.关于C/S结构与B/S结构的混合应用.武汉冶金管理干部学院学报.2009,Vol.19
[30]. William Stallings. Computer Networking with Internet Protocols and Technology. Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2006:221-225
[31]. William Stallings. Computer Networking with Internet Protocols and Technology. Publishing House of Electronics Industry,2006:234-236
[32]. Nutt, G.J. Operating Systems, Third Edition. China Machine Press,2005:295-300
[33].宋波.多端口路由器并发测试技术研究.西南交通大学博士论文.2005：36
[34]. Nutt, G.J. Operating Systems, Third Edition. China Machine Press.2005:300-303
[35].鲍亚军.多点测试中直接测试控制器改进与实验.西南交通大学硕士论文.2009
[36].宋波,沈含笑,董思好.并发测试多端口测试定义语言CMPTDL.四川大学学报. 2005年,第5期：925-931
[37].徐慧,李骐,陈涤.基于ns仿真器的自相似业务模型的研究和实现.计算机与信息技术.2004年,第3期
[38].高兴.自相似业务网络仿真与性能评价研究.西南交通大学硕士论文.2007
[39]. W.E.leland, M.s.Taqqu, W.Willinger, D.V.Wilson. on the self-similar nature of Ethernet traffic (extended version). IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking.1994
[40].陈亚军.自相似网络流量的产生和研究.武汉科技大学硕士论文.2005
[41].吴援明,宁正容,梁恩志.网络自相似业务模型进展.通信学报.2004年,第25卷：99
[42]. ALEXANDER R, BROWNLEEN, ZIEDINS I. modeling self-similar network traffic[R]. University of Auckland.1995
[43].吴援明,宁正容,梁恩志.网络自相似业务模型进展.通信学报.2004年,第25卷：101
[44].宁正容.网络自相似业务产生的研究.电子科技大学硕士论文.2003
[45]. RFC 2544-Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect Devices, IETF. March,1999
[46].李媛媛.Visual C++网络通信开发入门与编程实践.电子工业出版社,2008：7
[47].李媛媛.Visual C++网络通信开发入门与编程实践.电子工业出版社,2008：7-9
[48]. http://www.cnfgg.com/article/Vc/vc_mmTimer.htm
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