兆瓦级双馈式三电平风电变流器关键技术研究
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摘要
能源和环境是如今困扰人类生存和发展的两大紧迫问题。大力发展以风能为代表的新兴绿色能源是解决该问题的重要手段。合理发展风能不仅具有巨大的经济利益，还蕴含着更多的社会效益和环保效益。因此，近年来风电发展创造了惊人的增长速度。风电变流器是风电系统中核心设备，也是制约风电产业完全国产化的重要瓶颈。研究高性能风电变流器对于完善我国风电产业链，提升风电制造业整体水平具有重要意义。风电机组单机容量不断增大，电压等级必然提升的发展趋势，并且国家对风力发电电能质量要求也将进一步提高。由于三电平拓扑结构自身优势，可适应更高的电压等级，提供更绿色的电能。因此采用三电平拓扑结构代替传统两电平模式是风电变流器研究的重要方向之一。
本文针对基于三电平结构的兆瓦级双馈式风电变流器一些关键技术进行了深入研究。
首先提出了双馈式三电平风电变流器的整体设计方案，并对其一些重要部件的设计进行了详细的介绍；分析了简化式三电平SVPWM控制算法的实现；通过实验验证了设计方案的有效性。
在深入分析网侧变流器数学模型和现有控制策略的基础上，针对传统PI控制器参数不易整定的问题，提出了一种基于LQRI新型三电平网侧变流器控制策略，实现了网侧变流器最优控制；采用双电流控制方法实现了电网故障条件下网侧变流器的有效控制。
提出了一种基于模糊滑模控制的转子电流内环控制策略，利用滑模变结构特性抑制了并网前后电机数学模型变化带来的不利影响；有效地实现了并网前对电网电压跟踪以及并网后对功率给定的跟踪控制。采用一种基于定子磁链在不同坐标系下角度偏差的转子位置辨识策略，改进了一种磁链观测算法，实现了双馈式变流器无速度传感器控制。
本文设计的三电平变流器先后通过不同试验平台，以及风场现场试验验证。结果表明设计方案以及控制策略正确有效。
该论文有图78幅，表11个，参考文献147篇。
Using wind effectively is one of the effective ways to solve the energy and environment problems. It has important significance to research high performance wind power converter for perfecting country’s wind power industry chain and promoting the overall level of wind power industry. As the own advantages of three level topological structure, it can adapt to a higher voltage grade and provide more green electricity. Therefore, adopting three level topology instead of traditional two level topology for wind power converter is one of the important research directions.
Based on the three level topological structure, several key technologies of MW double fed wind power converter are researched deeply. Overall design scheme of double fed wind power converter and LQRI control strategy are proposed in this dissertation. Effective control of Grid side converter is realized under unbalance grid conditions. On the basis of sliding mode control with fuzzy approach, rotor current inner loop control strategy is proposed to inhibit adverse effects as a result of the mathematical model change before grid connection and after. Grid voltage tracking before grid connection and power given tracking after grid connection are also realized effectively. Double fed converter is controlled with speed sensorless. Experiments on wind field verify the control strategy correctly and effectively.
本文针对基于三电平结构的兆瓦级双馈式风电变流器一些关键技术进行了深入研究。
首先提出了双馈式三电平风电变流器的整体设计方案，并对其一些重要部件的设计进行了详细的介绍；分析了简化式三电平SVPWM控制算法的实现；通过实验验证了设计方案的有效性。
在深入分析网侧变流器数学模型和现有控制策略的基础上，针对传统PI控制器参数不易整定的问题，提出了一种基于LQRI新型三电平网侧变流器控制策略，实现了网侧变流器最优控制；采用双电流控制方法实现了电网故障条件下网侧变流器的有效控制。
提出了一种基于模糊滑模控制的转子电流内环控制策略，利用滑模变结构特性抑制了并网前后电机数学模型变化带来的不利影响；有效地实现了并网前对电网电压跟踪以及并网后对功率给定的跟踪控制。采用一种基于定子磁链在不同坐标系下角度偏差的转子位置辨识策略，改进了一种磁链观测算法，实现了双馈式变流器无速度传感器控制。
本文设计的三电平变流器先后通过不同试验平台，以及风场现场试验验证。结果表明设计方案以及控制策略正确有效。
该论文有图78幅，表11个，参考文献147篇。
Using wind effectively is one of the effective ways to solve the energy and environment problems. It has important significance to research high performance wind power converter for perfecting country’s wind power industry chain and promoting the overall level of wind power industry. As the own advantages of three level topological structure, it can adapt to a higher voltage grade and provide more green electricity. Therefore, adopting three level topology instead of traditional two level topology for wind power converter is one of the important research directions.
Based on the three level topological structure, several key technologies of MW double fed wind power converter are researched deeply. Overall design scheme of double fed wind power converter and LQRI control strategy are proposed in this dissertation. Effective control of Grid side converter is realized under unbalance grid conditions. On the basis of sliding mode control with fuzzy approach, rotor current inner loop control strategy is proposed to inhibit adverse effects as a result of the mathematical model change before grid connection and after. Grid voltage tracking before grid connection and power given tracking after grid connection are also realized effectively. Double fed converter is controlled with speed sensorless. Experiments on wind field verify the control strategy correctly and effectively.
引文
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