B3G系统中关键技术研究
摘要
未来移动通信系统要求在高速移动条件下提供非常高的频谱效率。李道本教授基于分组零相关窗序列设计理论和MIMO信息论中的并行思想，提出了超高频谱效率的并行，分组随机多地址编码理论。它一方面将地址码的编码空间，从固定的数值推广到了随机元素，即时间，空间，频率元素，使得编码的自由度更大，同时还可以利用这些元素，通过合理的设计获得充分的分集增益，提高系统性能，另一方面，通过增加组内并行的子信道数，通过在并行子信道之间引入可控的干扰，使得系统的频谱效率可以大大的提升，完全可以满足未来移动通信高频谱效率的要求。这套理论不仅丰富了地址码理论的内容，更重要的是给未来的移动通信指明了方向。
本文正是基于李道本教授提出的并行，分组随机地址编码理论，分别从和频谱效率息息相关的地址码设计，接收机技术，信道估计等方面进行了较为深入的研究和探讨，具体包括：
1．第二章是并行分组随机地址编码理论的充分展开。在这章中，我们考虑的是以时间和空间两个随机元素作为地址码编码元素。本章以两个发射天线为例，研究了时空地址码如何获得发射分集增益，以及如何尽可能多的提高传信率的问题。
2．在第三章中，我们则以时空地址码系统为基础，对多码检测算法进行了较深入的研究。我们将传统多用户检测算法和我们的系统进行了结合。提出和比较了基于chip和符号级的ZF算法，对于SIC算法，我们提出了一种改进算法，它可以在对性能损失较小的情况下，大大降低复杂度。
3．无线移动通信中，信道估计是关系到系统性能的关键技术之一。在第四章中，我们根据LAS-CDMA技术信道估计的特点研究了连续导频和插值信道估计在LAS-CDMA系统中的应用。对于连续导频，为了平滑噪声对系统性能的影响我们提出了一种基于回归算法的新方法。当选用合适的回归长度时，这种新方法要比传统的连续导频方法有2dB的增益，接近理想信道估计性能。而对于插值信道估计中的插值密度，由于它在平滑噪声和模拟信道时变特点方面的作用是相反的，因此，对于系统而言通常有最佳值的存在。不仅如此，当把LAS-CDMA推广到多天线系统的时候，信道估计又有了新的特点。我们通过仿真和分析分别给出了导频长度，导频间隔，车速，系统天线数之间的关系。
The future mobile communication system is characterized with its high spectral efficiency even in high speed environment. Based on the GZCW (Group Zero Correlation Window) spreading codes and the theory of MIMO, Professor Daoben Li provided a famous theory system on the design of generalized, parallel, group zero correlation window spreading codes, with the elements of which being random, i.e. GPRGZCW. The most attractive character is its super high spectral efficiency. This theory on one hand enlarges its elements from the numeric one to those random ones on the description of time, space and frequency. With the proper design, these elements not only broaden the freedom of design on spreading codes, which means there could be more spreading codes available in the system, but also can provide gains of diversity, which would improve system performance. On the other hand, with allocating more parallel sub-channels within one group and introducing the controllable interference between these sub-channels, it can improve system spectral efficiency greatly, which can satisfy the requirements of the future mobile communications. This theory not only enriches the content of the theory on spreading codes design, but also shows the right way for the future mobile communications.
Based on this theory, my thesis focuses on the design of the proper spreading codes that are with high spectral efficiency and diversity gain at the transmitter. And the low complexity, good performance receiver also interests me, which means the better MCD (Multi-Code Detector) that is fit for those special codes. What is more, I have also payed much attention to the methods of channel estimation, which plays an important role in the mobile communication system.
1. In the following, we give a sufficient discussion of space-time GZCW. Based on the system with two transmitters, how to get more transmitting diversity gains and how to improve spectral efficiency are studied. We altogether compare the performance, capacity of four schemes. The results show that our space-time GZCW surely provides much higher spectral efficiency than the LS-MIMO system, and with the proper design, system performance can also be improved. Besides, a new method for LAS-MIMO which would be close to the upper bound of MIMO system capacity is provided.
2. In chapter 3, based on the space-time system, we focus on the MCD. Firstly, we provide the ZF method on chip level and symbol level respectively, and the one on chip level performs better. As it for SIC, we provide a new method that can simplify the SIC process while the performance degrades little. When MLD is employed, we provide a rule that can be used to judge how the design of space-time spreading codes will perform.
3. Channel estimation plays a very important role in mobile communication system. In LAS-CDMA, the most often used channel estimation methods are continuous pilots and linear interpolation method. As for continuous pilots method, because of the IFW of spreading codes for data symbol and pilot symbol, the main error comes from the noise. Based on this, we provide a new channel estimation method which combines continuous pilot methods with regression to suppress the noise degradation. The results show that it will provide 2dB gain and will perform as well as the ideal channel estimation does. As for the linear interpolation methods, after analyzing, it is found that for the same interpolation
本文正是基于李道本教授提出的并行，分组随机地址编码理论，分别从和频谱效率息息相关的地址码设计，接收机技术，信道估计等方面进行了较为深入的研究和探讨，具体包括：
1．第二章是并行分组随机地址编码理论的充分展开。在这章中，我们考虑的是以时间和空间两个随机元素作为地址码编码元素。本章以两个发射天线为例，研究了时空地址码如何获得发射分集增益，以及如何尽可能多的提高传信率的问题。
2．在第三章中，我们则以时空地址码系统为基础，对多码检测算法进行了较深入的研究。我们将传统多用户检测算法和我们的系统进行了结合。提出和比较了基于chip和符号级的ZF算法，对于SIC算法，我们提出了一种改进算法，它可以在对性能损失较小的情况下，大大降低复杂度。
3．无线移动通信中，信道估计是关系到系统性能的关键技术之一。在第四章中，我们根据LAS-CDMA技术信道估计的特点研究了连续导频和插值信道估计在LAS-CDMA系统中的应用。对于连续导频，为了平滑噪声对系统性能的影响我们提出了一种基于回归算法的新方法。当选用合适的回归长度时，这种新方法要比传统的连续导频方法有2dB的增益，接近理想信道估计性能。而对于插值信道估计中的插值密度，由于它在平滑噪声和模拟信道时变特点方面的作用是相反的，因此，对于系统而言通常有最佳值的存在。不仅如此，当把LAS-CDMA推广到多天线系统的时候，信道估计又有了新的特点。我们通过仿真和分析分别给出了导频长度，导频间隔，车速，系统天线数之间的关系。
The future mobile communication system is characterized with its high spectral efficiency even in high speed environment. Based on the GZCW (Group Zero Correlation Window) spreading codes and the theory of MIMO, Professor Daoben Li provided a famous theory system on the design of generalized, parallel, group zero correlation window spreading codes, with the elements of which being random, i.e. GPRGZCW. The most attractive character is its super high spectral efficiency. This theory on one hand enlarges its elements from the numeric one to those random ones on the description of time, space and frequency. With the proper design, these elements not only broaden the freedom of design on spreading codes, which means there could be more spreading codes available in the system, but also can provide gains of diversity, which would improve system performance. On the other hand, with allocating more parallel sub-channels within one group and introducing the controllable interference between these sub-channels, it can improve system spectral efficiency greatly, which can satisfy the requirements of the future mobile communications. This theory not only enriches the content of the theory on spreading codes design, but also shows the right way for the future mobile communications.
Based on this theory, my thesis focuses on the design of the proper spreading codes that are with high spectral efficiency and diversity gain at the transmitter. And the low complexity, good performance receiver also interests me, which means the better MCD (Multi-Code Detector) that is fit for those special codes. What is more, I have also payed much attention to the methods of channel estimation, which plays an important role in the mobile communication system.
1. In the following, we give a sufficient discussion of space-time GZCW. Based on the system with two transmitters, how to get more transmitting diversity gains and how to improve spectral efficiency are studied. We altogether compare the performance, capacity of four schemes. The results show that our space-time GZCW surely provides much higher spectral efficiency than the LS-MIMO system, and with the proper design, system performance can also be improved. Besides, a new method for LAS-MIMO which would be close to the upper bound of MIMO system capacity is provided.
2. In chapter 3, based on the space-time system, we focus on the MCD. Firstly, we provide the ZF method on chip level and symbol level respectively, and the one on chip level performs better. As it for SIC, we provide a new method that can simplify the SIC process while the performance degrades little. When MLD is employed, we provide a rule that can be used to judge how the design of space-time spreading codes will perform.
3. Channel estimation plays a very important role in mobile communication system. In LAS-CDMA, the most often used channel estimation methods are continuous pilots and linear interpolation method. As for continuous pilots method, because of the IFW of spreading codes for data symbol and pilot symbol, the main error comes from the noise. Based on this, we provide a new channel estimation method which combines continuous pilot methods with regression to suppress the noise degradation. The results show that it will provide 2dB gain and will perform as well as the ideal channel estimation does. As for the linear interpolation methods, after analyzing, it is found that for the same interpolation
引文
[1] 李道本，“LAS—CDMA的优势及其在3G和后3G中的应用”移动通信，2003年7月
[2] 李道本，邹永忠，张永生，徐绍君，高岩，“一种生成具有组间零相关窗特性的正交扩频码组的方法”，申请号：PCT／CN03／00117，申请日期：2003年1月31日
[3] G.J.Foschini and M.J.Gans, "On limits of wireless communications in a fading environment when using multiple antennas", Wireless Personal Communications,vol.6,1998, pp.311-335
[4] E.Telatar, "Capacity of multi-antenna Gaussian channels", European Transactions on Telecommunications, vol.10 no.6, Nov.1999, pp.585-595
[5] 徐绍君，李道本，“多径衰落信道下LS码与Walsh码的容量比较”现代通信理论与信号处理年会 2003[6] 李道本，“信号的统计检测与估计理论”北京邮电大学出版社 1993
[7] Arogyaswamj Paularaj, Rohit Nabar, Dhananjay Gore "Introduction to Space-Time wireless Communications" Cambridge University Press 2003
[8] 李道本，“一种高频谱效率。高传输可靠性的分组时间、空间、频率多地址编码方法，”2004
[9] 董江波，“LAS系统中接收技术优化研究，”北京邮电大学博士论文，2004年5月
[10] G. J. Foschini, "Layered space-time architecture fore wireless communications in a fading environment when using mult-element antennas", Bell Labs Tech. J., 41-59, 1996
[11] F. Neeser and P. Eggers, "Proper complex random processes with applications to information theory" IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 1293-1302,July,1993
[12] 程型清，“MIMO相关技术及其在LAS-CDMA中的应用研究，”北京邮电大学博士论文，2004年4月
[13] Arogyaswami Paulraj, Rohit Nabar, Dhananjay Gore, "Introduction to Space-time Wireless Communications" Cambridge University Press, 2003
[14] J. Winters, J. Salz and R.Gitlin, "The impact of antenna diversity on the capacity of wireless communications system" IEEE Trans. Comm. 42(2), 1740-1751, Feburary 1994
[15] D. Gore, R.Heath and A.Paulraj, "On the performance of the zero forcing receiver in presence of transmit correlation" PROC. IEEE ISIT, 159, Lausanne, Switzerland, July 2002
[16] C.Berrou, A.Glavieux and P.Thitimajshima, "Near Shannon limit error-correcting coding and decoding:turbo codes", in Proc.1993 Inter.Conf Commun., 1993,pp.1064-1070
[17] R.G. Gallager, "Low Density Parity Check Codes", MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusets, 1963
[18] C.E.Shannon, "A mathematical theory of communications" , Bell Syst, Tech. J., vol.27,pp.379-423, pp.623-656, Oct.1948
[19] 蔡志光，“多天线系统发射技术的研究，”北京邮电大学博士论文，2004年6月
[20] V.Tarokh, N.Seshadri and A.R.Calderbank, "Space-time codes for high data rate wireless communications: performance criterion and code construction", IEEE Trns. Inform. Theory, vol.44, no.2, pp.136-140,/Manta, US,1996[1] 李道本，“LAS-CDMA的优势及其在3G和后3G中的应用”移动通信，2003年7月
[2] 李道本，“信号的统计检测与估计理论”北京邮电大学出版社 1993
[3] S.Verdu, "Multiuser Detection", Cambridge University Press, 1998
[4] Shimon Moshavi, Bellcore, "Multi-User Detection for DS-CDMA Communications" IEEE Communication Magazine. October, 1996. pp.124-136
[5] S. Verdu, "Adaptive Multi-User Detection," Code Division Multiple Access Communicaions, S.G.Glisic and P.A.Leppanen, Eds, pp97-116, The Netherlands:Kluwer,1995
[6] 李道本，“超高频谱效率并行、分组随机多地址编码理论研究”，2004．2
[7] 张庆荣，王刚，孙宇吴，李道本，“LR(减隔)算法在LASMAX系统中的性能分析”北京邮电大学学报，已录用
[8] K. S. Schneider, "Optimum Detection of Code Division Multiplexed Signals" IEEE Trans, Areospace Elect.Sys., vol. AES-15, Jan. 1979, pp.181-185
[9] R. Kohno. M. Hartori. and H.Imai. "Cancellation Techniques of Co-Channel??Interference in Asynchronous Spread Spectrum Multiple Access Systems," Elect. and Commun. In Japan, vol.66-A, no.5,1983, pp 20-29
[10] 董江波，“LAS系统中接收技术优化研究”，北京邮电大学博士论文，2004年
[11] Gang Wang, Jiangbo Dong, Daoben Li, " Improved Linear Decorrelating Detector on Chip Level in Multiple Antenna CDMA System" APCC'04, pp. 328-332
[12] A. D. Whalen, "Detection of signals in Noise" Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall,
[13] S.Verdu, "Multi-User Detection," Advances in Statistical Signal Processing, vol.2, JAL Press1993, pp. 369-409
[14] R. Lupas and S.Verdu, "Near-Far Resistance of Multi-User Detectors in Asynchronous Channels," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol 38. April. 1990, pp.496-508
[15] 李道本，“信号的统计检测与估计理论(第二版)”科学出版社，北京，2004
[16] Z. Xie, R. T.Short, and C.K.Rushforth, "A Family of Suboptimum Detectors for Coherent Multi-User Communications," IEEE JSAC,voI.12, no. 4. May. 1990.
[17] Verdu S., "Minimum probability of error for asynchronous Gaussian multi-access channels", IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Vol.32, 1986, pp.85-96
[18] A. J.Viterbi, "Very Low Rate Convolutional Codes for Maximum Theoretical Performance of Spread-Spectrum Multiple-Access Channnels," IEEE JSAC,vol.8,no.4,
[19] R.Kohno, "Combination of as Adapitve Array Antenna and a Canceller of Interference fro Direct-Sequence .Spread-Spectrum Multiple-Access System," IEEE JSAC,
[20] M.K.Varanasi and B.Aazhang, "Multistage Detection in Asynchronous Code-Divisoin Multiple-Access Communications," IEEE Trans.Commun,. vol.38. April,1990.
[21] P.Patel and J.Holtzman, "Performance Comparison of a DS/CDMA System Using a Successive Interference Cancellation Scheme and a Parallel IC Scheme under Fading," Proc.ICC'94, New Orleans, LA, May 1994,pp.510-514
[22] M.K.Varanasi and B.Aazhang, "Near Optimum Detection in Synchronous Code-Divisoin Multiple-Access Systems," IEEE Trans Commun., vol 39, no.5, May 1991, pp.725-736
[23] Golden,G.D., et al.: "V-BLAST: An architecture for realizing very high data rates over the rich scattering wireless channel ".Proc.1998 Int. Symp. On Advanced Radio Technologies, Boulder, Colorado, 9-11September 1998
[24] Wang Gang, Dandan Wang, Daoben Li, "An Efficient ZF-SIC Detection Algorithm in MIMO CDMA system," PIMRC'03, Beijing, September,2003, pp. 1708-1711
[25] Arogyaswami Paulraj, Rohit Nabar,Dhananjay Gore, "Introuduction to Space-Time Wireless Communications", Cambridge University, 2003
[26] 程云鹏，“矩阵论(第二版)”，西北工业大学出版社，2001
[27] G.Turin, "The characteristic function of hermitian quadratic forms in complex normal variables," Biometrika,47, 199-201,1960
[28] V.Tarokh, N.Seshadri and A.R.Calderbank, "Space-time block coding for wireless communications: Performance criterion anc code construction," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory,
[29] V. Tarokh, H. Jafarkhani and A.R.Calderbank, "Space-time block codes form orthogonal designs," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 45(4), 1456-1467, July 1999
[30] H. Yao and G. Wornell, "Lattice-Reduction-Aided Detectors for MIMO Communication Systems," in IEEE Proc. Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), Taipei,
[31] Dirk Wubben, Ronald Bohnke. " MMSE-Based Lattice-Reduction for Near-ML Detection of MIMO systems," ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas., Munich, Germany,
[32] H. Yao, "Efficient Signal, Code, and Receiver Designs for MIMO Communication Systems," Ph.D. dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, June 2003
[33] C. Windpassinger and R. F. H. Fischer, "Low-Complexity Near-Maximum-Likelihood Detection and Precoding for MIMO Systems using Lattice??Reduction," in Proc. IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW), Paris, France, March
[34] C. Windpassinger and R. F. H. Fischer, "Optimum and Sub-Optimum Lattice-Reduction-Aided Detection and Precoding for MIMO Communications," in Proc. Canadian Workshop on Information Theory, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, May 2003, pp.88-91
[35] A. K. Lenstra, H.W.Lenstra and L.Lovasz. "Factoring Polynomials with Rational Coefficients," Math. Ann, Vol/261, pp. 515-534,1982[1] Theodore S.Rappaport, "Wireless Communications Principles and Practice," Prenice Hall,1999
[2] Arogyaswami Paulraj, Rohit Nabar, Dhananjay Gore, "Introduction to Space-Time Wireless Communications," Cambridge University Press, 2003
[3] Fumiyuki Adachi, "BER analysis of 2PSK,4PSK, and 16QAM with detection feedback channel estimation in frequency-selective slow Rayleigh fading", IEEE Trans.
[4] F. Adachi and M. Sawahashi, "Decision feedback differential detection of differentially encoded 16APSK signals", IEEE Trans. Comm., Vol. 44, Apr. 1996
[5] Suk-Hyon YOON, Dae-ki HONG, Young-Hwan YOU and Chang-Eon KANG, "multistage decision feedback channel estimation for DS/CDMA systems with M-Ary orthogonal modulation", IEICE Trans. Comm. Vol. E84-B, No. 8, Aug. 2001[6] L.Tong, G.Xu, and T.Kailath, "Blind Identification and Equalization Based on Second-Order Statistics: A Time Domain Approach," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.40,Mar 1994
[7] E.Moulines, P.Duhamel, J.Cardoso, "Subspace Methods for the Blind Identification of Mulitchannel FIR Filters,"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol.43, Feb 1995
[8] Physical Layer Standard for WCDMA, 3GPP TS25.211[S]
[9] Physical Layer Standard for ANSI/TIA/EIA_95_B[S]
[10] 王刚，董江波，李道本，“CDMA系统中对应于线性插值信道估计的最佳扩频因子”通信学报，vol．24，no．11A，pp．136-140，2003年11月
[11] J.G.Prokais, Digital Communications, 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill, 1995
[12] Gang Wang, Yonghui Li, Jiangbo Dong, Daoben Li, "Channel Estimation Based on Continuous pilot channel with regression in LAS-CDMA" VTC2003-Fall, vol.58,Oct 2003
[13] Klaus Knoche, Jurgen Rinas and Karl-Dirk Kammeyer "Channel Estimation with linear Interpolation and Decision Feedback for UTRA FDD Downlink" IEEE th 7 Int Symp.on Spread-Spectrum Tech&Appl, Sept2-5,2002
[14] Xiaodai Dong, Norman C.Beaulieu and Paul H.Wittke "Signaling Constellations for Fading Channels" IEEE Transactions on Communications Vol.47, NO.5, May 1999
[15] Li Yonghui, Zhang Qishan "A novel method used.for the Performance Analyzing of Channel Estimation in Time-Varing Fast Fading Channel-Equivalent Channel Analysis Method", Milcom, 2001
[16] Wang Gang, Jiangbo Dong, Daoben Li, "PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF CONTINUOUS PILOT CHANNEL ESTIMATION WITH REGRESSION IN LAS-CDMA" ICSP'04, Beijing, China, vol.2, pp.1760-1764, Sep 2004
[17] Ruly Lai-U Choi, Khaled B.Letaief, and RossD,Murch, "MIMO CDMA Antenna Sytems," Communications, 2000. ICC 2000. 2000 IEEE International Conference on,Volume: 2,2000 Page(s):990-994
[18] Qiufang Sun, "Effect of Channel Estimation Error on MIMO Systems and CDMA System with Multiuser Detection," PH.D Dissertation, Standford University,October,2001
[19] 董江波，王刚，李道本，“线性插值信道估计中导频间隔的最优化设计，”北京邮电大学学报，vol．27，2004年12月
[20] T.L.Marzetta, "Blast Training: Estimation Channel Characteristics for High-Capacity Space-Time Wireless, "37th Annual Allerton Conference on Communications, Control,and Computing, September 1999
[21] B.Hassibi and B.M.Hochwald, "How Much Training is Needed in Multiple-Antenna Wireless Links," Technical Memorandum, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies,October 2001
[22] 王刚，董江波，李道本，“MIMO LAS-CDMA 系统中基于插值信道估计的导频结构设计”中国通信学会无线及移动通信委员会学术年会2003，pp．223-227，2003．09
[23] 王军选，饶文元，廖汉程，李道本，“信道估计误差对多天线LS-CDMA系统影响研究，”无线电工程，2005．05
[2] 李道本，邹永忠，张永生，徐绍君，高岩，“一种生成具有组间零相关窗特性的正交扩频码组的方法”，申请号：PCT／CN03／00117，申请日期：2003年1月31日
[3] G.J.Foschini and M.J.Gans, "On limits of wireless communications in a fading environment when using multiple antennas", Wireless Personal Communications,vol.6,1998, pp.311-335
[4] E.Telatar, "Capacity of multi-antenna Gaussian channels", European Transactions on Telecommunications, vol.10 no.6, Nov.1999, pp.585-595
[5] 徐绍君，李道本，“多径衰落信道下LS码与Walsh码的容量比较”现代通信理论与信号处理年会 2003[6] 李道本，“信号的统计检测与估计理论”北京邮电大学出版社 1993
[7] Arogyaswamj Paularaj, Rohit Nabar, Dhananjay Gore "Introduction to Space-Time wireless Communications" Cambridge University Press 2003
[8] 李道本，“一种高频谱效率。高传输可靠性的分组时间、空间、频率多地址编码方法，”2004
[9] 董江波，“LAS系统中接收技术优化研究，”北京邮电大学博士论文，2004年5月
[10] G. J. Foschini, "Layered space-time architecture fore wireless communications in a fading environment when using mult-element antennas", Bell Labs Tech. J., 41-59, 1996
[11] F. Neeser and P. Eggers, "Proper complex random processes with applications to information theory" IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 1293-1302,July,1993
[12] 程型清，“MIMO相关技术及其在LAS-CDMA中的应用研究，”北京邮电大学博士论文，2004年4月
[13] Arogyaswami Paulraj, Rohit Nabar, Dhananjay Gore, "Introduction to Space-time Wireless Communications" Cambridge University Press, 2003
[14] J. Winters, J. Salz and R.Gitlin, "The impact of antenna diversity on the capacity of wireless communications system" IEEE Trans. Comm. 42(2), 1740-1751, Feburary 1994
[15] D. Gore, R.Heath and A.Paulraj, "On the performance of the zero forcing receiver in presence of transmit correlation" PROC. IEEE ISIT, 159, Lausanne, Switzerland, July 2002
[16] C.Berrou, A.Glavieux and P.Thitimajshima, "Near Shannon limit error-correcting coding and decoding:turbo codes", in Proc.1993 Inter.Conf Commun., 1993,pp.1064-1070
[17] R.G. Gallager, "Low Density Parity Check Codes", MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusets, 1963
[18] C.E.Shannon, "A mathematical theory of communications" , Bell Syst, Tech. J., vol.27,pp.379-423, pp.623-656, Oct.1948
[19] 蔡志光，“多天线系统发射技术的研究，”北京邮电大学博士论文，2004年6月
[20] V.Tarokh, N.Seshadri and A.R.Calderbank, "Space-time codes for high data rate wireless communications: performance criterion and code construction", IEEE Trns. Inform. Theory, vol.44, no.2, pp.136-140,/Manta, US,1996[1] 李道本，“LAS-CDMA的优势及其在3G和后3G中的应用”移动通信，2003年7月
[2] 李道本，“信号的统计检测与估计理论”北京邮电大学出版社 1993
[3] S.Verdu, "Multiuser Detection", Cambridge University Press, 1998
[4] Shimon Moshavi, Bellcore, "Multi-User Detection for DS-CDMA Communications" IEEE Communication Magazine. October, 1996. pp.124-136
[5] S. Verdu, "Adaptive Multi-User Detection," Code Division Multiple Access Communicaions, S.G.Glisic and P.A.Leppanen, Eds, pp97-116, The Netherlands:Kluwer,1995
[6] 李道本，“超高频谱效率并行、分组随机多地址编码理论研究”，2004．2
[7] 张庆荣，王刚，孙宇吴，李道本，“LR(减隔)算法在LASMAX系统中的性能分析”北京邮电大学学报，已录用
[8] K. S. Schneider, "Optimum Detection of Code Division Multiplexed Signals" IEEE Trans, Areospace Elect.Sys., vol. AES-15, Jan. 1979, pp.181-185
[9] R. Kohno. M. Hartori. and H.Imai. "Cancellation Techniques of Co-Channel??Interference in Asynchronous Spread Spectrum Multiple Access Systems," Elect. and Commun. In Japan, vol.66-A, no.5,1983, pp 20-29
[10] 董江波，“LAS系统中接收技术优化研究”，北京邮电大学博士论文，2004年
[11] Gang Wang, Jiangbo Dong, Daoben Li, " Improved Linear Decorrelating Detector on Chip Level in Multiple Antenna CDMA System" APCC'04, pp. 328-332
[12] A. D. Whalen, "Detection of signals in Noise" Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall,
[13] S.Verdu, "Multi-User Detection," Advances in Statistical Signal Processing, vol.2, JAL Press1993, pp. 369-409
[14] R. Lupas and S.Verdu, "Near-Far Resistance of Multi-User Detectors in Asynchronous Channels," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol 38. April. 1990, pp.496-508
[15] 李道本，“信号的统计检测与估计理论(第二版)”科学出版社，北京，2004
[16] Z. Xie, R. T.Short, and C.K.Rushforth, "A Family of Suboptimum Detectors for Coherent Multi-User Communications," IEEE JSAC,voI.12, no. 4. May. 1990.
[17] Verdu S., "Minimum probability of error for asynchronous Gaussian multi-access channels", IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Vol.32, 1986, pp.85-96
[18] A. J.Viterbi, "Very Low Rate Convolutional Codes for Maximum Theoretical Performance of Spread-Spectrum Multiple-Access Channnels," IEEE JSAC,vol.8,no.4,
[19] R.Kohno, "Combination of as Adapitve Array Antenna and a Canceller of Interference fro Direct-Sequence .Spread-Spectrum Multiple-Access System," IEEE JSAC,
[20] M.K.Varanasi and B.Aazhang, "Multistage Detection in Asynchronous Code-Divisoin Multiple-Access Communications," IEEE Trans.Commun,. vol.38. April,1990.
[21] P.Patel and J.Holtzman, "Performance Comparison of a DS/CDMA System Using a Successive Interference Cancellation Scheme and a Parallel IC Scheme under Fading," Proc.ICC'94, New Orleans, LA, May 1994,pp.510-514
[22] M.K.Varanasi and B.Aazhang, "Near Optimum Detection in Synchronous Code-Divisoin Multiple-Access Systems," IEEE Trans Commun., vol 39, no.5, May 1991, pp.725-736
[23] Golden,G.D., et al.: "V-BLAST: An architecture for realizing very high data rates over the rich scattering wireless channel ".Proc.1998 Int. Symp. On Advanced Radio Technologies, Boulder, Colorado, 9-11September 1998
[24] Wang Gang, Dandan Wang, Daoben Li, "An Efficient ZF-SIC Detection Algorithm in MIMO CDMA system," PIMRC'03, Beijing, September,2003, pp. 1708-1711
[25] Arogyaswami Paulraj, Rohit Nabar,Dhananjay Gore, "Introuduction to Space-Time Wireless Communications", Cambridge University, 2003
[26] 程云鹏，“矩阵论(第二版)”，西北工业大学出版社，2001
[27] G.Turin, "The characteristic function of hermitian quadratic forms in complex normal variables," Biometrika,47, 199-201,1960
[28] V.Tarokh, N.Seshadri and A.R.Calderbank, "Space-time block coding for wireless communications: Performance criterion anc code construction," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory,
[29] V. Tarokh, H. Jafarkhani and A.R.Calderbank, "Space-time block codes form orthogonal designs," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 45(4), 1456-1467, July 1999
[30] H. Yao and G. Wornell, "Lattice-Reduction-Aided Detectors for MIMO Communication Systems," in IEEE Proc. Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), Taipei,
[31] Dirk Wubben, Ronald Bohnke. " MMSE-Based Lattice-Reduction for Near-ML Detection of MIMO systems," ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas., Munich, Germany,
[32] H. Yao, "Efficient Signal, Code, and Receiver Designs for MIMO Communication Systems," Ph.D. dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, June 2003
[33] C. Windpassinger and R. F. H. Fischer, "Low-Complexity Near-Maximum-Likelihood Detection and Precoding for MIMO Systems using Lattice??Reduction," in Proc. IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW), Paris, France, March
[34] C. Windpassinger and R. F. H. Fischer, "Optimum and Sub-Optimum Lattice-Reduction-Aided Detection and Precoding for MIMO Communications," in Proc. Canadian Workshop on Information Theory, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, May 2003, pp.88-91
[35] A. K. Lenstra, H.W.Lenstra and L.Lovasz. "Factoring Polynomials with Rational Coefficients," Math. Ann, Vol/261, pp. 515-534,1982[1] Theodore S.Rappaport, "Wireless Communications Principles and Practice," Prenice Hall,1999
[2] Arogyaswami Paulraj, Rohit Nabar, Dhananjay Gore, "Introduction to Space-Time Wireless Communications," Cambridge University Press, 2003
[3] Fumiyuki Adachi, "BER analysis of 2PSK,4PSK, and 16QAM with detection feedback channel estimation in frequency-selective slow Rayleigh fading", IEEE Trans.
[4] F. Adachi and M. Sawahashi, "Decision feedback differential detection of differentially encoded 16APSK signals", IEEE Trans. Comm., Vol. 44, Apr. 1996
[5] Suk-Hyon YOON, Dae-ki HONG, Young-Hwan YOU and Chang-Eon KANG, "multistage decision feedback channel estimation for DS/CDMA systems with M-Ary orthogonal modulation", IEICE Trans. Comm. Vol. E84-B, No. 8, Aug. 2001[6] L.Tong, G.Xu, and T.Kailath, "Blind Identification and Equalization Based on Second-Order Statistics: A Time Domain Approach," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol.40,Mar 1994
[7] E.Moulines, P.Duhamel, J.Cardoso, "Subspace Methods for the Blind Identification of Mulitchannel FIR Filters,"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol.43, Feb 1995
[8] Physical Layer Standard for WCDMA, 3GPP TS25.211[S]
[9] Physical Layer Standard for ANSI/TIA/EIA_95_B[S]
[10] 王刚，董江波，李道本，“CDMA系统中对应于线性插值信道估计的最佳扩频因子”通信学报，vol．24，no．11A，pp．136-140，2003年11月
[11] J.G.Prokais, Digital Communications, 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill, 1995
[12] Gang Wang, Yonghui Li, Jiangbo Dong, Daoben Li, "Channel Estimation Based on Continuous pilot channel with regression in LAS-CDMA" VTC2003-Fall, vol.58,Oct 2003
[13] Klaus Knoche, Jurgen Rinas and Karl-Dirk Kammeyer "Channel Estimation with linear Interpolation and Decision Feedback for UTRA FDD Downlink" IEEE th 7 Int Symp.on Spread-Spectrum Tech&Appl, Sept2-5,2002
[14] Xiaodai Dong, Norman C.Beaulieu and Paul H.Wittke "Signaling Constellations for Fading Channels" IEEE Transactions on Communications Vol.47, NO.5, May 1999
[15] Li Yonghui, Zhang Qishan "A novel method used.for the Performance Analyzing of Channel Estimation in Time-Varing Fast Fading Channel-Equivalent Channel Analysis Method", Milcom, 2001
[16] Wang Gang, Jiangbo Dong, Daoben Li, "PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF CONTINUOUS PILOT CHANNEL ESTIMATION WITH REGRESSION IN LAS-CDMA" ICSP'04, Beijing, China, vol.2, pp.1760-1764, Sep 2004
[17] Ruly Lai-U Choi, Khaled B.Letaief, and RossD,Murch, "MIMO CDMA Antenna Sytems," Communications, 2000. ICC 2000. 2000 IEEE International Conference on,Volume: 2,2000 Page(s):990-994
[18] Qiufang Sun, "Effect of Channel Estimation Error on MIMO Systems and CDMA System with Multiuser Detection," PH.D Dissertation, Standford University,October,2001
[19] 董江波，王刚，李道本，“线性插值信道估计中导频间隔的最优化设计，”北京邮电大学学报，vol．27，2004年12月
[20] T.L.Marzetta, "Blast Training: Estimation Channel Characteristics for High-Capacity Space-Time Wireless, "37th Annual Allerton Conference on Communications, Control,and Computing, September 1999
[21] B.Hassibi and B.M.Hochwald, "How Much Training is Needed in Multiple-Antenna Wireless Links," Technical Memorandum, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies,October 2001
[22] 王刚，董江波，李道本，“MIMO LAS-CDMA 系统中基于插值信道估计的导频结构设计”中国通信学会无线及移动通信委员会学术年会2003，pp．223-227，2003．09
[23] 王军选，饶文元，廖汉程，李道本，“信道估计误差对多天线LS-CDMA系统影响研究，”无线电工程，2005．05