100GS/s等价采样系统设计与实现
摘要
现代信息处理要求能够处理复杂信息，并且对信息进行多样化的描述。从外部获取的信息是模拟量时，信息处理是从中提取信号时间域特征、频域功率谱特征等参数。为此，必须对信号进行数字量化。对信息进行多样化描述的要求使得计算机成为信息后处理的首选工具，这也是虚拟仪器（Virtual Instrument）兴起的原因。当信号的频率足够高时，实时采样技术已经不能满足要求，唯一的选择是采用等价采样技术：通过多次触发，用多个随机采样序列重建信号。也就是说，利用转换速率比较低的A/D转换器实现宽频带信号捕获能力。目前，国内在超高速信息数字化技术方面几乎是一片空白。本文在 国家自然科学基金《超高速信息数字化技术研究》（批准号：60082001）的立项基础上，研究、设计、调试了超高速信息数字化系统的关键部分——100GS/s的等价采样系统。
100GS/s的等价采样系统的特点是电路频率高、速度快、时序要求严格。本文采用经典等价采样技术，结合Burst模式SRAM K7D801871B的特点，对触发电路进行了改进。本论文所做工作如下：
1．完成了100GS/s等价采样系统的设计，并用Orcad PSpice对所设计系统进行了电路时域、频域的功能仿真。
2．完成了100GS/s等价采样系统模块的部分调试。
3．改进了PCI接口系统，使其可以与100GS/s等价采样系统互相配合，完成采样数据读出。
4．初步完成了系统整体调试，已经能够在计算机上显示正确的采样波形。
It is necessary for modern signal process system to have capability to deal with complex signals and to represent them from different aspect. We must be able to capture the input analog signal's time-domain and frequency-domain characteristic. For the analog signal, the first process is to digitize it. The requirement of multi-representation of a signal makes computer the best choice when we choose signal process tools, and this is why virtual instrument gets popular. When the frequency of input signal is high enough, we couldn't capture it by real-time sampling. In this situation, the only choice is equivalent-time sampling. We reconstruct signal with several random sampling series by multi-trigger. Presently, this kind of domestic research is rare. On the base of the project of national science fund---(NO.60082001), the main work of the article is studying, designing and adjusting the system of 100GS/s equivalent-time sampling.
The most prominent characters of our system are, ultra-high frequency, ultra-high speed of circuit and the very complex configuration of logic circuit. We use classical equivalent-time sampling but ameliorate the trigger system due to the burst characteristic of SRAM K7D801871B. I do following works in this thesis paper:
1. I finish the design and simulation of 100GS/s equivalent-time sampling system using Orcad Capture and PSpice.
2. I adjust the 100GS/s equivalent-time sampling system.
3. I improve on the PCI interface system. It now can transfer sampling data into computer via DMA by cooperating with 100GS/s equivalent-time sampling system.
4. We adjust the whole system and it now can display correct sampling signal wave on the screen of computer.
100GS/s的等价采样系统的特点是电路频率高、速度快、时序要求严格。本文采用经典等价采样技术，结合Burst模式SRAM K7D801871B的特点，对触发电路进行了改进。本论文所做工作如下：
1．完成了100GS/s等价采样系统的设计，并用Orcad PSpice对所设计系统进行了电路时域、频域的功能仿真。
2．完成了100GS/s等价采样系统模块的部分调试。
3．改进了PCI接口系统，使其可以与100GS/s等价采样系统互相配合，完成采样数据读出。
4．初步完成了系统整体调试，已经能够在计算机上显示正确的采样波形。
It is necessary for modern signal process system to have capability to deal with complex signals and to represent them from different aspect. We must be able to capture the input analog signal's time-domain and frequency-domain characteristic. For the analog signal, the first process is to digitize it. The requirement of multi-representation of a signal makes computer the best choice when we choose signal process tools, and this is why virtual instrument gets popular. When the frequency of input signal is high enough, we couldn't capture it by real-time sampling. In this situation, the only choice is equivalent-time sampling. We reconstruct signal with several random sampling series by multi-trigger. Presently, this kind of domestic research is rare. On the base of the project of national science fund---
The most prominent characters of our system are, ultra-high frequency, ultra-high speed of circuit and the very complex configuration of logic circuit. We use classical equivalent-time sampling but ameliorate the trigger system due to the burst characteristic of SRAM K7D801871B. I do following works in this thesis paper:
1. I finish the design and simulation of 100GS/s equivalent-time sampling system using Orcad Capture and PSpice.
2. I adjust the 100GS/s equivalent-time sampling system.
3. I improve on the PCI interface system. It now can transfer sampling data into computer via DMA by cooperating with 100GS/s equivalent-time sampling system.
4. We adjust the whole system and it now can display correct sampling signal wave on the screen of computer.
引文
[1] 李宛洲. 超高速采样技术及其在远程超宽带雷达信号处理中的应用研究.电子学报，2001年第7期：43-47
[2] 李宛洲. 国家自然科学基金申请报告.2000年
[3] Tektronix Inc. 测试、测量及监测产品目录.2002年
[4] 李彤. 超宽带雷达高速采集数据采集技术与系统研究. 中国学位论文数据库. 1997年
[5] 邸嘉. 数字存储示波器的设计与研制开发:[硕士学位论文]. 北京:清华大学自动化系，1999.
[6] 吕洁 莫毅群 罗伟雄. 200MHz实时采样系统的设计与实现.电讯技术2000年第2期.
[7] M.P. Rigobello, F. Cazzaro, G. Scutari,A. Bindoli. Virtual instrumentation for pH measurements in biological systems. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 60 (1999) 55-64
[8] Michael D. Thomas and Gordon L. Hug. A Computer-controlled nanosecond laser system. Computers Chem. Vol. 22, No. 6, 1998:491-498
[9] L. Angrisani, P. Daponte, M. D.Apuzzo. A virtual digital signal-processing instrument for measuring superimposed power line disturbances. Measurement 24 ( 1998) 9-19
[10] Giancarlo Fortino, Libero Nigro. Development of virtual data acquisition systems based on multimedia internetworking. Computer Standards & Interfaces 21 1999 429–440
[11] http://www.tektronix.com
[12] 雷志勇，江建尧. 数字存贮示波器的随机采样原理. 西安工业学院学报，1997，17(1)：57-60
[13] 李宛洲，沈义民. 随机采样原理在远程超宽带雷达信号采样中的应用. 清华大学学报（自然科学版），2001，41(3)：125-127
[14] 李宛洲. 2002年自然科学基金工作进展汇报——超高速信息数字化技术研究. 2003年
[15] Motorola, Inc. High Frequency Clock Synthesizer. 2001.
[16] Howard W. Johnson, Martin Graham. High-Speed Digital Design. Prentice Hall PTR, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632
[17] http://www.eng.yale.edu/ee-labs/morse/probe/
[18] Tektronix, Inc. TDS 500D, TDS 600B & TDS 700D Digitizing Oscilloscopes User Manual.
[19] Motorola, Inc. Motorola MECL Data. 1996
[20] 李宛洲. 高速数字存储示波器设计原理. 北京：清华大学出版社，2000年
[21] 王险峰 译. CML、PECL及LVDS间的互相连接. 2002年
[22] Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC. Termination of ECL Logic Devices. 2002
[23] Motorola, Inc. Designing With PECL. 2001
[24] Motorola, Inc. ECL Clock Distribution Techniques. 2001
[25] Stephen H. Hall, Garrett W. Hall, James A. McCall. High-Speed Digital System Design-A Handbook of Interconnect Theory and Design Practices. A Wiley-Interscience Publication JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC, 2000.
[26] 陈凯良，竺树声. 恒流源及其应用电路. 北京：科学技术出版社，1992.
[27] Patrick R. Trischitta, Eve L. Varma. Jitter in Digital Transmission Systems. Norwood, MA: Artech House, c1989.
[28] 左瑞文，李宛洲. 基于Burst模式的PCI数据传输系统设计. 半导体技术, 2003， 10~12期.
[29] PLX Technology, Inc. PCI9054 Data Book. 2000
[30] Jungo Ltd. WinDriver V5 User's Guide. 2001.
[31] Jeffrey Richter. Advanced Windows, 3rd Edition. Microsoft Press. 1997.
[32] Signal Processing Technologies, Inc. SPT7760 DataSheet. 1997.
[33] SAMSUNG Electronics CO., LTD. K7D801871B DataSheet. 2001
[34] 李幼仪，甘志. C++ Builder高级应用开发指南. 北京：清华大学出版社，2002.
[2] 李宛洲. 国家自然科学基金申请报告.2000年
[3] Tektronix Inc. 测试、测量及监测产品目录.2002年
[4] 李彤. 超宽带雷达高速采集数据采集技术与系统研究. 中国学位论文数据库. 1997年
[5] 邸嘉. 数字存储示波器的设计与研制开发:[硕士学位论文]. 北京:清华大学自动化系，1999.
[6] 吕洁 莫毅群 罗伟雄. 200MHz实时采样系统的设计与实现.电讯技术2000年第2期.
[7] M.P. Rigobello, F. Cazzaro, G. Scutari,A. Bindoli. Virtual instrumentation for pH measurements in biological systems. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 60 (1999) 55-64
[8] Michael D. Thomas and Gordon L. Hug. A Computer-controlled nanosecond laser system. Computers Chem. Vol. 22, No. 6, 1998:491-498
[9] L. Angrisani, P. Daponte, M. D.Apuzzo. A virtual digital signal-processing instrument for measuring superimposed power line disturbances. Measurement 24 ( 1998) 9-19
[10] Giancarlo Fortino, Libero Nigro. Development of virtual data acquisition systems based on multimedia internetworking. Computer Standards & Interfaces 21 1999 429–440
[11] http://www.tektronix.com
[12] 雷志勇，江建尧. 数字存贮示波器的随机采样原理. 西安工业学院学报，1997，17(1)：57-60
[13] 李宛洲，沈义民. 随机采样原理在远程超宽带雷达信号采样中的应用. 清华大学学报（自然科学版），2001，41(3)：125-127
[14] 李宛洲. 2002年自然科学基金工作进展汇报——超高速信息数字化技术研究. 2003年
[15] Motorola, Inc. High Frequency Clock Synthesizer. 2001.
[16] Howard W. Johnson, Martin Graham. High-Speed Digital Design. Prentice Hall PTR, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632
[17] http://www.eng.yale.edu/ee-labs/morse/probe/
[18] Tektronix, Inc. TDS 500D, TDS 600B & TDS 700D Digitizing Oscilloscopes User Manual.
[19] Motorola, Inc. Motorola MECL Data. 1996
[20] 李宛洲. 高速数字存储示波器设计原理. 北京：清华大学出版社，2000年
[21] 王险峰 译. CML、PECL及LVDS间的互相连接. 2002年
[22] Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC. Termination of ECL Logic Devices. 2002
[23] Motorola, Inc. Designing With PECL. 2001
[24] Motorola, Inc. ECL Clock Distribution Techniques. 2001
[25] Stephen H. Hall, Garrett W. Hall, James A. McCall. High-Speed Digital System Design-A Handbook of Interconnect Theory and Design Practices. A Wiley-Interscience Publication JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC, 2000.
[26] 陈凯良，竺树声. 恒流源及其应用电路. 北京：科学技术出版社，1992.
[27] Patrick R. Trischitta, Eve L. Varma. Jitter in Digital Transmission Systems. Norwood, MA: Artech House, c1989.
[28] 左瑞文，李宛洲. 基于Burst模式的PCI数据传输系统设计. 半导体技术, 2003， 10~12期.
[29] PLX Technology, Inc. PCI9054 Data Book. 2000
[30] Jungo Ltd. WinDriver V5 User's Guide. 2001.
[31] Jeffrey Richter. Advanced Windows, 3rd Edition. Microsoft Press. 1997.
[32] Signal Processing Technologies, Inc. SPT7760 DataSheet. 1997.
[33] SAMSUNG Electronics CO., LTD. K7D801871B DataSheet. 2001
[34] 李幼仪，甘志. C++ Builder高级应用开发指南. 北京：清华大学出版社，2002.