镁合金活性焊接工艺及机理研究
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摘要
针对AZ31B镁合金,研究了氧化物、氯化物、氟化物活性剂对活性交流TIG焊接过程中活性剂增加熔深的规律。分析了焊接参数对增加熔深效果的影响规律以及活性剂的涂敷量对熔深的影响。研究了活性剂对焊接熔池元素的分布以及熔池形状的影响。
本文首次对镁合金交流TIG活性焊接的电弧光谱进行拍摄。通过焊接电弧等离子体的温度,得出氯化物活性剂焊接电弧等离子体的电子温度增加显著,而氧化物活性剂的电子温度增加不多,探讨了不同种类的活性剂增加熔深的机理。
采用均匀设计法对镁合金复合配方活性剂进行了设计,实验结果显示涂敷最佳复合配方活性剂与涂敷单一活性剂的金相组织相比,晶粒细化比较明显,抗拉强度高。
The weld penetration increased of chloride, oxide and fluoride activating flux on AZ31B Mg alloy TIG welding were investigated during welding. The welding parameters and flux thickness have a different effectiveness in weld penetration increased. The shape and distribution of element of welding pool in the A-TIG welding was studied.
The spectrum of welding arc in the A-TIG welding Mg alloy was studied for the first time. By the electron temperature of welding arc plasma, it was found that chloride welding arc plasma were greater than that of TIG welding arc plasma, but the electron temperature of oxide welding arc plasma was increased small than that of TIG welding arc plasma. The mechanism of weld penetration increase with activating flux was discussed. For ACTIG welding of Mg alloy in this paper.
The compound fluxes of the AZ31B Mg alloys were designed by the method of uniformity design. The Results showed that the prime compound fluxes have a thinner grain size in the weld seam and a better intensity than with the different kinds of fluxes.
本文首次对镁合金交流TIG活性焊接的电弧光谱进行拍摄。通过焊接电弧等离子体的温度,得出氯化物活性剂焊接电弧等离子体的电子温度增加显著,而氧化物活性剂的电子温度增加不多,探讨了不同种类的活性剂增加熔深的机理。
采用均匀设计法对镁合金复合配方活性剂进行了设计,实验结果显示涂敷最佳复合配方活性剂与涂敷单一活性剂的金相组织相比,晶粒细化比较明显,抗拉强度高。
The weld penetration increased of chloride, oxide and fluoride activating flux on AZ31B Mg alloy TIG welding were investigated during welding. The welding parameters and flux thickness have a different effectiveness in weld penetration increased. The shape and distribution of element of welding pool in the A-TIG welding was studied.
The spectrum of welding arc in the A-TIG welding Mg alloy was studied for the first time. By the electron temperature of welding arc plasma, it was found that chloride welding arc plasma were greater than that of TIG welding arc plasma, but the electron temperature of oxide welding arc plasma was increased small than that of TIG welding arc plasma. The mechanism of weld penetration increase with activating flux was discussed. For ACTIG welding of Mg alloy in this paper.
The compound fluxes of the AZ31B Mg alloys were designed by the method of uniformity design. The Results showed that the prime compound fluxes have a thinner grain size in the weld seam and a better intensity than with the different kinds of fluxes.
引文
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11 D.S, L.W.a.H. Activating flux- increasing the performance and productivity of the TIG and plasma processes. Welding and Metal Fabrication, 1996, 64(1):11-17.
12 S Sire, M.S. Productivity Gains by Flux Bounded TIG Weldling of Aluminum. Materials Science Forum, 2003, 426-433:4033-4038.
13 Fan Ding, H.Y. Study on Activating Tig Welding for Aluminium Alloys. Welding in the World, 2005, 49:22-25.
14 M. Marya, G.R.Edwards. Chloride Contributions in Flux-Assited GTA Welding of Magnesium Alloys. Welding Journal, 2002, 81(12):291-298.
15 Marya, M. Theoretical and Experimental Assessment of Chloride Effects in the A-TIG Welding of Magnesium. Welding in the World, 2002, 46(7/8):7-22.
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20 Toshikatsu Asahina, H.T. Some characteristics of TIG welded joints of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Keikinzoku, 1995, 45(2):70-75.
21 Lockwood F. Automatic gas tungsten-arc welding of magnesium . Welding Journal, 1965, 44(5): 213-220.
22 Asahina T., Tokisue H. Some characteristics of TIG welded joints of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Journal of the Japan Institute of Light Metal, 1995, 45 (2): 70-75.
23 Asahina T., Tokisue H., Katoh K. Solidification crack sensitivity of TIG welded AZ31 magnesium alloy. Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals, 1999, 49(12): 595-599.
24 Munitz A., Cotler C., Stern A., et al. Mechanical properties and microstructure of gas tungsten arc welded magnesium AZ91D plates. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2001, 302: 68–73.
25 Stern A., Munitz A. Partially melted zone microstructure characterization from gas tungsten-arc bead on plate welds of magnesium AZ91 alloy. Journal of Materials Science Letters, 1999, 18: 853-855.
26 Marya M., Edwards G.R., Liu S. An investigation on the effects of gases in GTA welding of a wrought AZ80 magnesium alloy . Welding Journal, 2004, 83(7): 203-212.
27 Liu Liming, Miao Yugang, Song Gang, et al. Effect of Heat Input on Microstructure and Properties of Welded Joint in Magnesium Alloy AZ31B. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2004, 14(1): 88-92
28苗玉刚,刘黎明,赵杰等.变形镁合金熔焊接头组织特征分析.焊接学报, 2003,24(2):63-66.
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31 Lockwood L.F. Gas metal-arc welding of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet. Welding Journal, 1963, 42(10): 807-818.
32 Wohlfahrt H.; Rethlemeier M.; Bouaifi B. et al. Metal-inert gas welding of magnesium alloys. Welding and Cutting, 2003, 55(2): 80-84.
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36 Sun Z, P.D., Wei J. Comparative evaluation of tungsten inert gas and laser welding of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2002, 7 (6):343-351.
37 Hirage H, I.T., Kamado S et al. ffect of shielding gas and laser wavelength in laser welding of magnesium alloy sheet. Quarterly Journal of the Japan Welding Society, 2001, 19(4):591-599.
38 Barrallier L, F.A., Masse J E et al. Residual stress measurements using neutron diffraction in magnesium alloy laser welded joints. Materials Science Forum, 2002, 404-407: 399-404.
39宋刚,刘黎明,王继锋等.变形镁合金AZ31B的激光焊接工艺研究.应用激光, 2003, 12 (6):327-330.
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3刘正,张奎,曾小勤.镁合金理论基础及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2002年.
4 Nussbaum I. 52ad Annual I M.A World Magnesium Conference . Light Metal Age,1995,53(78):58-63.
5沈勇.镁合金变极性等离子弧焊及活性化焊接研究. [硕士学位论文].大连:大连理工大学, 2006.
6 Gurevich S M, Z.V.N., Kushmienko N A. Improving the penetration of titanium alloys when they are welded by argon tungsten arc process. Avtom Svarka, 1965, 18(9):1-5.
7 Gurevich S M, Z.V.N. Automat weld, 1966, 19:14-18.
8 Gurevich S M, Z.V.N. Welding titanium with a non-consumable electrode using fluxes. Automat weld, 1996, 19(12):14-17.
9 Paskell, T.L., Carl; Castner, Harvey GTAW flux increases weld joint penetration. Welding Journal, 1997, 76(4):57-62.
10 Yushchenko K A, e. A-TIG welding of carbon-manganese and stainless stee. Welding Technology Paton Institute, 1993, 5:35-39.
11 D.S, L.W.a.H. Activating flux- increasing the performance and productivity of the TIG and plasma processes. Welding and Metal Fabrication, 1996, 64(1):11-17.
12 S Sire, M.S. Productivity Gains by Flux Bounded TIG Weldling of Aluminum. Materials Science Forum, 2003, 426-433:4033-4038.
13 Fan Ding, H.Y. Study on Activating Tig Welding for Aluminium Alloys. Welding in the World, 2005, 49:22-25.
14 M. Marya, G.R.Edwards. Chloride Contributions in Flux-Assited GTA Welding of Magnesium Alloys. Welding Journal, 2002, 81(12):291-298.
15 Marya, M. Theoretical and Experimental Assessment of Chloride Effects in the A-TIG Welding of Magnesium. Welding in the World, 2002, 46(7/8):7-22.
16苗玉刚,刘黎明,赵杰等.变形镁合金熔焊接头组织特征分析.焊接学报, 2003, 24 (2):63-66.
17 LIU Liming, M.Y.G, SONG Gang, LIANG Guoli. Effect of heat input on microstructure and properties of welded joint in magnesium alloy AZ31B. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2004, 14(1):88-92.
18苗玉刚.镁合金薄板焊接工艺及弧长控制. [硕士学位论文].大连:大连理工大学, 2004.
19 Munitz A., C.C., A.Stern,. Mechanical properties and microstructure of gas tungsten arc welded magnesium AZ91D plates. Materials Science and Engineer, 2001, A302 68-73.
20 Toshikatsu Asahina, H.T. Some characteristics of TIG welded joints of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Keikinzoku, 1995, 45(2):70-75.
21 Lockwood F. Automatic gas tungsten-arc welding of magnesium . Welding Journal, 1965, 44(5): 213-220.
22 Asahina T., Tokisue H. Some characteristics of TIG welded joints of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Journal of the Japan Institute of Light Metal, 1995, 45 (2): 70-75.
23 Asahina T., Tokisue H., Katoh K. Solidification crack sensitivity of TIG welded AZ31 magnesium alloy. Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals, 1999, 49(12): 595-599.
24 Munitz A., Cotler C., Stern A., et al. Mechanical properties and microstructure of gas tungsten arc welded magnesium AZ91D plates. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2001, 302: 68–73.
25 Stern A., Munitz A. Partially melted zone microstructure characterization from gas tungsten-arc bead on plate welds of magnesium AZ91 alloy. Journal of Materials Science Letters, 1999, 18: 853-855.
26 Marya M., Edwards G.R., Liu S. An investigation on the effects of gases in GTA welding of a wrought AZ80 magnesium alloy . Welding Journal, 2004, 83(7): 203-212.
27 Liu Liming, Miao Yugang, Song Gang, et al. Effect of Heat Input on Microstructure and Properties of Welded Joint in Magnesium Alloy AZ31B. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, 2004, 14(1): 88-92
28苗玉刚,刘黎明,赵杰等.变形镁合金熔焊接头组织特征分析.焊接学报, 2003,24(2):63-66.
29董长富,刘黎明,赵旭.变形镁合金填丝-TIG焊接工艺及组织性能分析.焊接学报,2005,26(2):33-36.
30张福全,王响群,陈振华等. AZ31镁合金薄板的交流钨极氩弧焊.湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2004,31(6):9-12.
31 Lockwood L.F. Gas metal-arc welding of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet. Welding Journal, 1963, 42(10): 807-818.
32 Wohlfahrt H.; Rethlemeier M.; Bouaifi B. et al. Metal-inert gas welding of magnesium alloys. Welding and Cutting, 2003, 55(2): 80-84.
33沈勇,刘黎明,张兆栋.镁合金中厚板变极性等离子弧焊工艺.焊接学报, 2005, 26 (6):1-4.
34刘黎明,沈勇,张兆栋.镁合金变极性等离子弧焊接头的微观组织分析.机械工程学报, 2006, 46 (2):198-202.
35沈勇.镁合金变极性等离子弧焊及活性化焊接研究.大连理工大学硕士论文. 2006.
36 Sun Z, P.D., Wei J. Comparative evaluation of tungsten inert gas and laser welding of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2002, 7 (6):343-351.
37 Hirage H, I.T., Kamado S et al. ffect of shielding gas and laser wavelength in laser welding of magnesium alloy sheet. Quarterly Journal of the Japan Welding Society, 2001, 19(4):591-599.
38 Barrallier L, F.A., Masse J E et al. Residual stress measurements using neutron diffraction in magnesium alloy laser welded joints. Materials Science Forum, 2002, 404-407: 399-404.
39宋刚,刘黎明,王继锋等.变形镁合金AZ31B的激光焊接工艺研究.应用激光, 2003, 12 (6):327-330.
40王继锋,刘黎明,宋刚.激光焊接AZ31B镁合金接头微观组织特征.焊接学报, 2004, 25 (3):15-18.
41王亚荣,张忠典,冯吉才,刘辉.镁合金交流和直流点焊接头组织分析.焊接学报,2004,25(6): 11-14.
42王亚荣,张忠典,冯吉才. AZ31B镁合金交流电阻点焊接头的力学性能及显微组织分析.机械工程学报,2004,40(5):131-135.
43 Naiyi L, Tsung Y P, Copper R P, et al. Friction stir welding of magnesium AM60 alloy.Alan A L. Magnesium Technology 2004.USA:TMS(The Materials, Metals &Materials Society, 2004,19-23.
44张华,林三宝,吴林,冯吉才. AZ31镁合金搅拌摩擦焊接显微组织形成机制.稀有金属材料与工程. 2005,34(7):1021-1024.
45柯黎明,邢丽,徐卫平. AZ81镁合金焊接接头的组织与性能.材料工程. 2005,13(1):41-44.
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