客运专线站内动车组接续方案优化研究
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摘要
在有列车始发和终到的客运专线客运站,动车组站内接续是客运站日常技术作业的重要内容,对接续方案进行优化能有效提高到发线及动车组使用效率。在客运站现有规模基础上,到发线使用效率的提高能释放车站能力以适应客流增长；在一定运输任务条件下,动车组使用效率的提高能加速动车组周转,减小动车组购买数量以节省资金。对客运站的模拟仿真不但能动态、直观的模拟现有客运站日常技术作业过程,检验列车运行图可行性,为修改运行图提供反馈信息,而且对于规划中的客运站,还能够在开始建设前通过反复模拟仿真实验确定客运站建设规模及站型。
目前国内外学者对动车组接续优化问题,主要从动车组运用角度进行研究,都取得了一定的研究成果,但从客运站角度进行研究的较少。因此本文在借鉴和参考既有研究成果的基础上,从组织车站工作角度出发,集接续方案生成、到发线运用、列车及调车进路安排为一体,对客运专线动车组站内接续问题进行系统研究,最后以实例方式对本文的研究成果进行验证。
本论文主要研究内容包括如下几个方面：
(1)分析动车组站内接续时间影响因素及接续动车组可能的在站作业过程,为确定动车组站内接续时间标准提供参考。
(2)建立数学模型对动车组站内接续问题进行抽象描述。首先提出假设条件限定研究边界及适用范围,然后确定最大限度接发列车和动车组在站无效停留时间最小两个目标函数,最后建立模型的约束条件,得到一个多目标规划模型。
(3)创建设备时段分配网络,定义网络相关算法,设计基于网络算法的网络变换更新方式,以体现不同性质列车整个在站作业过程并保证列车作业安排的可行性。
(4)以设备时段分配网络为工具结合网络变换更新方法,设计动车组站内接续模型的专用算法。
(5)综合前面的研究成果,结合具体客运站的相关数据,运用计算机编程技术对该客运站包含动车组站内接续在内的全天所有技术作业过程进行模拟仿真,以对该理论方法进行验证。
以上各方面的研究内容都取得了相应的研究成果,为基于动车组站内接续方案优化的模拟仿真系统开发提供了理论支持及实现方法,并通过具体客运站实例开发证明了该方法的可行性。
In the station with train departing and arriving on the passenger special line, the train-set continue is an important daily technical work, and the optimization of the continue plan can effectively improve the efficiency of using the departure line and train-set. Based on the existing passenger scale, to enhance the using efficiency of departure line can release the station ability to adapt to the passenger growth; and in condition of certain transport task, to increase the using efficiency of train-set can accelerate its turnover and reduce the number being needed. The simulation of the station can not only simulate the existing daily work process dynamically and intuitively, test the feasibility of train diagram and provide feedback information, but also can simulate the station unbuilt, after repeated simulation experiments, the scale and form of the station can be determined basically.
For the optimization problem of train-set continue, the existing researches were mainly from the angle of train-set using which had achieved a lot, but less of them were from the angle of station. Based on the existing researches, this paper researched this problem from the angle of station organization work, combined with the scheme generation of. train-set continue, the using arrangement of departure line and throat route, and finally showed the achievements by a dynamic example, which includes:
(1) This paper analyzed the influence factors and the possible work processes, so as to determine the time standard of train-set continue in station.
(2) A multiple objective programming model was described which limited the boundary and applicable range by assumptions, the two objective functions were the maximum reception and departure of trains and the minimum invalid residence time in station, and the constraint conditions were used to guarantee the feasibility of continue plan.
(3) This paper created distribution network of equipment period, defined related algorithm of network, and designed the transform and update method based on the algorithm, so as to reflect the whole operation processes of train with different properties and to ensure the feasibility of work arrangement.
(4) Based on the above network and method, the dedicated algorithm of the model was designed.
(5) On basis of the research achievements, with specific related data, this paper simulated all the technical operations in station by computer programming technology, so as to test and verify the theory.
All of these aspects of the research had made corresponding research achievements, and provided a theoretical support and realization method for the development of the simulation system. Through the development of specific example, the feasibility of this method was proved.
目前国内外学者对动车组接续优化问题,主要从动车组运用角度进行研究,都取得了一定的研究成果,但从客运站角度进行研究的较少。因此本文在借鉴和参考既有研究成果的基础上,从组织车站工作角度出发,集接续方案生成、到发线运用、列车及调车进路安排为一体,对客运专线动车组站内接续问题进行系统研究,最后以实例方式对本文的研究成果进行验证。
本论文主要研究内容包括如下几个方面：
(1)分析动车组站内接续时间影响因素及接续动车组可能的在站作业过程,为确定动车组站内接续时间标准提供参考。
(2)建立数学模型对动车组站内接续问题进行抽象描述。首先提出假设条件限定研究边界及适用范围,然后确定最大限度接发列车和动车组在站无效停留时间最小两个目标函数,最后建立模型的约束条件,得到一个多目标规划模型。
(3)创建设备时段分配网络,定义网络相关算法,设计基于网络算法的网络变换更新方式,以体现不同性质列车整个在站作业过程并保证列车作业安排的可行性。
(4)以设备时段分配网络为工具结合网络变换更新方法,设计动车组站内接续模型的专用算法。
(5)综合前面的研究成果,结合具体客运站的相关数据,运用计算机编程技术对该客运站包含动车组站内接续在内的全天所有技术作业过程进行模拟仿真,以对该理论方法进行验证。
以上各方面的研究内容都取得了相应的研究成果,为基于动车组站内接续方案优化的模拟仿真系统开发提供了理论支持及实现方法,并通过具体客运站实例开发证明了该方法的可行性。
In the station with train departing and arriving on the passenger special line, the train-set continue is an important daily technical work, and the optimization of the continue plan can effectively improve the efficiency of using the departure line and train-set. Based on the existing passenger scale, to enhance the using efficiency of departure line can release the station ability to adapt to the passenger growth; and in condition of certain transport task, to increase the using efficiency of train-set can accelerate its turnover and reduce the number being needed. The simulation of the station can not only simulate the existing daily work process dynamically and intuitively, test the feasibility of train diagram and provide feedback information, but also can simulate the station unbuilt, after repeated simulation experiments, the scale and form of the station can be determined basically.
For the optimization problem of train-set continue, the existing researches were mainly from the angle of train-set using which had achieved a lot, but less of them were from the angle of station. Based on the existing researches, this paper researched this problem from the angle of station organization work, combined with the scheme generation of. train-set continue, the using arrangement of departure line and throat route, and finally showed the achievements by a dynamic example, which includes:
(1) This paper analyzed the influence factors and the possible work processes, so as to determine the time standard of train-set continue in station.
(2) A multiple objective programming model was described which limited the boundary and applicable range by assumptions, the two objective functions were the maximum reception and departure of trains and the minimum invalid residence time in station, and the constraint conditions were used to guarantee the feasibility of continue plan.
(3) This paper created distribution network of equipment period, defined related algorithm of network, and designed the transform and update method based on the algorithm, so as to reflect the whole operation processes of train with different properties and to ensure the feasibility of work arrangement.
(4) Based on the above network and method, the dedicated algorithm of the model was designed.
(5) On basis of the research achievements, with specific related data, this paper simulated all the technical operations in station by computer programming technology, so as to test and verify the theory.
All of these aspects of the research had made corresponding research achievements, and provided a theoretical support and realization method for the development of the simulation system. Through the development of specific example, the feasibility of this method was proved.
引文
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[3]赵鹏,杨浩,胡安洲.高速铁路动车组的不固定区段使用问[J].铁道学报.1997,19(2)：15-19.
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[6]赵鹏,富井规雄.基于路段交换的多基地动车组运用计划的编制算法[J].铁道学报.2004,26(1)：8-11.
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[9]苗建瑞,王莹,杨肇夏.基于最优接续网络的动车组交路计划优化模型与算法研究[J].铁道学报.2010,32(2)：1-7.
[10]Imdat Kara, Tolga Bektas. Integer linear programming formulations of multiple salesman problems and its variations [J]. European Journal of Operational Research.2006,174:1449-1458.
[11]倪少权等.客运专线动车组周转图编制优化的研究[J].学术动态.2006,(3)：16-20.
[12]聂磊,赵鹏,杨浩等.高速铁路动车组运用的研究[J].铁道学报.2001,23(3)：1-7.
[13]王正彬,杜文.铁路技术站到发线运用调整模型及算法[J].西南交通大学学报.2006,41(2)：202-205.
[14]吕红霞,倪少权,纪洪业.技术站调度决策支持系统的研究—到发线的合理使用[J].西南交通大学学报.2000(35)：255-258.
[15]徐杰,杜文.基于遗传算法的区段站到发线运用优化安排[J].中国铁道科学.2003,(24)：109-114.
[16]郭莉,吕红霞,陈焕云.基于遗传算法的铁路车站到发线运用优化研究[J].西南民族大学学报.2005,31(1)：28-31.
[17]谢楚农,黎新华.铁路客运站到发线运用优化研究[J].中国铁道科学.2004,25(5)：130-133.
[18]陈建鑫,李海鹰,苗建瑞.客运专线客运站到发线运用优化研究[J].铁路计算机应用.2008,17(2)：8-10.
[19]史峰,谢楚农,于桂芳.铁路车站咽喉区进路排列优化方法[J].铁道学报.2004,26(4)：5-9.
[20]龙建成,高自友,马建军,李克平.铁路车站进路选择优化模型及求解算法的研究[J].铁道学报,2007,29(5)：7-14.
[21]贾文峥,毛保华,何天健,刘海东.大型客运站股道分配问题的模型与算法[J].铁道学报.2010,32(2)：8-13.
[22]雷定猷,王栋,刘明翔.客运站股道运用优化模型及算法[J].交通运输工程学报.2007,7(5)：84-87.
[23]P J Zwaneveld, L G Kroon, S P M van Hoesel. Routing trains through a railway station based on a node packing model [J]. European Journal of Operational Research.2001,128:14-33.
[24]B Alain. Using Integer Programming to Solve the TrainPlatforming Problem [J]. Transportation Science.2003,37(2):213-222.
[25]M Carey, M Carville. Scheduling and platforming trains at busy complex stations [J]. Transportation Research Part A.2003,37:195-224.
[26]赵鹏.高速铁路运营组织[M].中国铁道出版社,2009：
[27]彭其渊,闫海峰,文超.高速铁路运输组织基础[M].西南交通大学出版社,2009：
[28]彭其渊.高速铁路调度指挥[M].中国铁道出版社,2011：
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