不同形貌无定形二氧化硅的可控合成及其生物矿化意义
|
摘要
生物矿化是一个非常活跃的研究领域,正在引起人们越来越多的关注。以二氧化硅为基质的硅藻细胞壁,英文名为frustules,是生物体产生的纳米艺术品中最优秀的范例。这些华丽的外壳通常展现出高度分化的纳米级和微米级图案,这些图案是由孔有规则排列产生的。它们具有独特的形态和层次结构,迷人的机械性能和在许多领域中潜在的应用价值,并因此成为许多领域的研究热点。要想了解生物矿化,就需要对其内在的细胞和分子生物学过程进行研究。一方面,人们已经从硅藻细胞壁提取物中成功地分离并鉴定出多种有机和生物分子,如蛋白质、多糖、有机胺和脂质。另一方面,通过对硅藻细胞壁的系统研究,发现硅藻细胞壁的硅质结构是由零维纳米颗粒通过一维的绳状结构组装成具有孔排列的二维微米级图案。与此同时,还观察到一些有趣的结构细节。例如,在硅藻细胞壁发育早期,硅藻产生了拉长硅质结构,而且这些结构上具有局部膨胀的部位。另一个例子是在硅藻的网眼状孔隙形成以后,出现的网眼状孔隙壁的不对称发育。然而,很少有人知道它们的生长机制。本论文中,在仿生矿化条件下,采用几种不同的沉淀二氧化硅的方法,制备具有特定形貌的硅质矿物。然后,采用多种表征方法对所得产物进行分析,其中包括粉末X-射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、(高分辨)透射型电子显微镜(TEM和HRTEM),傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR),热重差热分析(TG-DTA),固态29Si核磁共振,动态光散射(DLS)以及氮气吸附脱附等温线等。基于上述检测结果,可以全面研究样品的组成、结构特征以及表面形貌。与此同时,我们也进行了各种单变量实验,以了解所添加的有机质对二氧化硅沉淀的影响。结果,我们针对不同的硅质结构(包括局部膨胀的拉长结构,碟状不对称结构,二维硅质筛板以及具有穿透孔的二氧化硅带)提出了相应的生长机制。因此,我们的研究结果可以为进一步了解生物硅化机制提供有用信息,并且展示出体外合成类似于生物成因二氧化硅形貌的硅质结构的可能性。下面对论文的主要内容进行简要描述。
1.采用正硅酸四乙酯[TEOS, Si(OCH2CH3)4]为硅源,引入磷脂(PL)和十二胺(DA)为有机添加剂,研究这些添加剂对矿化过程中产生的二氧化硅形貌的影响。FESEM和TEM分析表明,在DA浓度不变的情况下,PL的加入会导致硅质拉长结构的出现。而PL浓度的进一步增大会导致拉长结构进一步生长,并出现局部膨胀现象,这些都展示出硅藻壳面发育早期的一些特征。另外,我们用无机氨替代有机胺,进行了一系列PL浓度不同的平行实验。但是并没有得到任何拉长结构,这表明拉长硅质结构的产生是在PL和DA分子协同作用情况下得到的。由于有机胺(例如,长链聚胺)和膜脂(例如,硅质膜鞘)在硅藻和海绵体内生物硅化过程的特殊重要性,我们的结果可能指示,膜脂参与了生物体内有机聚集体的形成,并因此而影响到胺诱导的二氧化硅沉积。
2.以正硅酸四乙酯[TEOS, Si(OCH2CH3)4]为硅源,通过控制磷脂(PL)和十二胺(DA)等有机组元的相分离过程,影响二氧化硅的沉淀过程。结果显示,有机组元的相分离过程会导致不对称非球形二氧化硅结构的形成。而且,可以通过调节PL和DA的浓度来控制不对称结构的横纵比。在时间序列实验的基础上,我们尝试着提出了不对称二氧化硅形貌形成的机制。因此,相分离过程不仅与生物二氧化硅的多级多孔图案的产生有关,而且可能有利于硅质结构在特定方向上的分异生长。由于有机胺(例如,长链聚胺)、磷脂(例如,硅质膜鞘)以及相分离过程都与硅藻的生物硅化密切相关,当前结果可能拓展了对生物硅化的机制的了解。
3.大孔多孔二氧化硅筛板(silica sieve plate, SSP)是硅藻壳面结构的重要特征。正电性的多肽natSil-lA和负电性的natSil-2形成的有机聚集体是形成硅藻硅质细胞壁的模板,而且富含羟基和羧基的natSil-2被认为是大孔多孔硅质结构形成过程中的调节剂。为了进一步了解这种生物二氧化硅筛板结构矿化机制,特别的选择阴离子型表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDBS)和阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)分别模拟正电性的多肽natSil-1A和负电性的多肽natSil-2,控制形成复合模板；以同时带有羧基和羟基的L-酒石酸模拟natSil-2结构中的羧基和羟基,调节硅化产物多空结构的形成。结果在阴、阳离子型表面活性剂复合模板和L-酒石酸调节剂存在下,一种类似生物硅藻壳面的二维二氧化硅筛板结构被成功地合成。同时,一系列不同浓度添加剂L-酒石酸存在下的实验结构揭示羟基和羧基共存的酒石酸分子对于SSPs的形成至关重要。因此,实验结果有助于加深对生物硅藻壳面大孔多孔二氧化硅筛板成因机制的了解。
4.受生物硅化作用的启发,在L-(+)-酒石酸、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和NaSCN存在的情况下,我们得到了一种带有穿透孔的二氧化硅纳米带(silica ribbons with through-holes, SRTHs)。FESEM和TEM照片表明,这种SRTH结构是由小的球形颗粒组成的,穿透孔结构的出现是由于这些纳米颗粒的组装受限导致的。基于一系列的表征结果,我们全面讨论了SRTHs的形成机制。在合成过程中,预先制得的针状酒石酸钠晶体是带状二氧化硅沉积产生的硬模板。在NaSCN的协助下,阴离子表面活性剂SDBS在酒石酸盐晶体表面吸附,这对于穿透孔结构的形成至关重要。另外,我们通过进行时间序列实验,揭示了二氧化硅从颗粒到SRTH结构的生长过程。
Biomineralization is an active research field of increasing interest. Frustule, the silica-based cell wall of diatoms, is one of the most outstanding nanostructured artworks created by living organisms. These ornate shells usually exhibit highly differentiated nano-and micropatterns with regular arrays of holes, which has attracted much attention because of their unique morphologies and hierarchical structures, fascinating mechanical properties and potential applications in many fields. Understanding biomineralization requires elucidation of the underlying cellular and molecular biological processes. On the one hand, a variety of organic and biological molecules, such as proteins, polysaccharides, organic amines and lipids, have been successfully separated and identified from cell-wall extracts of diatoms. One the other hand, the formation process of cell wall in diatoms has been studied systematically. The hierarchical assembly from zero-dimensional nanoparticles through one-dimensional rope-like structures to the two-dimensional micropatterns with regular arrays of holes can been well discerned. Moreover, some interesting structure details were observed. For example, elongated siliceous structures and their localized enlargement occurred at the early stage of frustule development. Another example is the asymmetrical development of areolae walls after the formation of areolae structure in diatoms. However, little is known about their growth mechanism. In this dissertation, various mineralization methods of silica deposition under biomimetic conditions were utilized to prepare siliceous minerals with different shapes, asymmetrical particles with different aspect ratios and assembled silica architectures with several levels of hierarchy. The obtained products were analyzed with several characterization methods, including the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM),(high-resolution) transmission electron microscope (TEM and HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), solid-state29Si NMR, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and nitrogen physisorption. Based on the above determinations, the sample compositions, textural characteristics and surface morphologies can be comprehensively investigated. Meanwhile, various univariate experiments were also carried out to understand the influence of the added organics on silica formation. As a result, different growth mechanisms were proposed to illustrate the formation of the corresponding siliceous structures, such as the elongated siliceous structures with localized enlargement, the disk-like asymmetrical particles, the two-dimensional silica sieve plates and the silica ribbons with through-holes. Therefore, our results may provide available information for further understanding the mechanism of biosilicification. Some new possibilities have also been exhibited on the fabrication of silica structures whose morphologies are similar to the biosilica formed in organism. The details of dissertation are described below.
1. Using tetraethyl orthosilicate [TEOS, Si(OCH2CH3)4] as a silica source, phospholipid (PL) and dodecylamine (DA) were introduced as model organic additives to investigate their influence on the formation and morphology of silica in the mineralization process. The FESEM and TEM analyses demonstrate that increasing PL concentrations at constant DA content leads to the formation of siliceous elongated structures. Localized enlargement can also be observed during further growth of elongated structures, displaying some features of the earliest recognizable stage of valve development in diatoms. In addition, in the presence or absence of PL, a series of control experiments using,ammonia instead of DA show that no elongated structures are obtained, suggesting that the formation of elongated silica structures results from the cooperative interactions between PL and DA molecules. Because both organic amines (e.g., long-chain polyamines, LCPA) and phospholipid membranes (e.g., silicalemma) are of special importance for biosilicification in diatoms and sponges, our results imply that phospholipids are involved in the formation of organic aggregates, and thus influence the amines-mediated silica deposition.
2. Using tetraethyl orthosilicate [TEOS, Si(OCH2CH3)4] as silica precursor, phospholipid (PL) and dodecylamine (DA) were introduced to initiate phase separation of organic components and influence silica precipitation. Morphology, structure and composition of the mineralized products were studied. The results demonstrate that the phase separation process of the organic components leads to the formation of asymmetrically non-spherical silica structures, and the aspect ratios of the asymmetrical structures can be well controlled by varying the concentration of PL and DA. On the basis of the time-dependent experiments, a tentative mechanism is also proposed to illustrate the asymmetrical morphogenesis. Therefore, our results imply that in addition to explaining the hierarchical porous nanopatterning of biosilica, the phase separation process may be also responsible for the growth differentiation of siliceous structures in specific directions. Because organic amine (e.g., long-chair polyamines), phospholipids (e.g., silicalemma) and the phase separation process are associated with the biosilicification of diatoms, our results may provide a new insight into the mechanism of biosilicification.
3. Macroporous silica sieve plate (SSP) is an important characteristic of the valve structures in diatoms. The organic aggregates formed by opposite-charged peptides natSil-lA and natSil-2can act as a structure template during siliceous cell wall formation in diatoms, and the peptide natSil-2modified by hydroxyl-rich carbohydrate and anionic groups is considered to be a regulator of macroporous siliceous architectures. Inspired by these biological design principles, we provide a simple pathway for the fabrication of two-dimensional silica sieve plates by use of catanionic surfactants as templates and L-tartrate with hydroxyl and carboxyl groups as a regulator. The present synthesis method has the advantage of being a single-step self-assembly process. The formation mechanism of the hierarchical SSPs was also discussed in details, and the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups incorporated in one tartrate molecule are crucial to the formation of the SSPs. In this regard, our results may provide a novel pathway towards a deeper insight into biosilicification, and such well-designed conception can potentially be applied to the synthesis of other oxide sieve plate structures.
4. We present a facile method for the preparation of silica ribbons with through-holes (SRTHs) in the presence of L-(+)-tartaric acid, SDBS and NaSCN. The FESEM and TEM analyses demonstrate that the SRTH structures with rough surfaces are constituted by small spherical particles, and the appearance of through-holes is due to the limited assembly of these nano-particles. The formation mechanism of SRTHs is systematically discussed based on the characterization results. In the synthetic process, the preformed needle-like crystals of sodium tartrate can act as the hard template of ribbon-like silica deposition. With the help of NaSCN, the adsorption of anionic surfactant (SDBS) on the surfaces of tartrate needles is considered to be important for the formation of through-hole structures. And the time-dependent experiments exhibit the formation process from silica particles to SRTH structures.
1.采用正硅酸四乙酯[TEOS, Si(OCH2CH3)4]为硅源,引入磷脂(PL)和十二胺(DA)为有机添加剂,研究这些添加剂对矿化过程中产生的二氧化硅形貌的影响。FESEM和TEM分析表明,在DA浓度不变的情况下,PL的加入会导致硅质拉长结构的出现。而PL浓度的进一步增大会导致拉长结构进一步生长,并出现局部膨胀现象,这些都展示出硅藻壳面发育早期的一些特征。另外,我们用无机氨替代有机胺,进行了一系列PL浓度不同的平行实验。但是并没有得到任何拉长结构,这表明拉长硅质结构的产生是在PL和DA分子协同作用情况下得到的。由于有机胺(例如,长链聚胺)和膜脂(例如,硅质膜鞘)在硅藻和海绵体内生物硅化过程的特殊重要性,我们的结果可能指示,膜脂参与了生物体内有机聚集体的形成,并因此而影响到胺诱导的二氧化硅沉积。
2.以正硅酸四乙酯[TEOS, Si(OCH2CH3)4]为硅源,通过控制磷脂(PL)和十二胺(DA)等有机组元的相分离过程,影响二氧化硅的沉淀过程。结果显示,有机组元的相分离过程会导致不对称非球形二氧化硅结构的形成。而且,可以通过调节PL和DA的浓度来控制不对称结构的横纵比。在时间序列实验的基础上,我们尝试着提出了不对称二氧化硅形貌形成的机制。因此,相分离过程不仅与生物二氧化硅的多级多孔图案的产生有关,而且可能有利于硅质结构在特定方向上的分异生长。由于有机胺(例如,长链聚胺)、磷脂(例如,硅质膜鞘)以及相分离过程都与硅藻的生物硅化密切相关,当前结果可能拓展了对生物硅化的机制的了解。
3.大孔多孔二氧化硅筛板(silica sieve plate, SSP)是硅藻壳面结构的重要特征。正电性的多肽natSil-lA和负电性的natSil-2形成的有机聚集体是形成硅藻硅质细胞壁的模板,而且富含羟基和羧基的natSil-2被认为是大孔多孔硅质结构形成过程中的调节剂。为了进一步了解这种生物二氧化硅筛板结构矿化机制,特别的选择阴离子型表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDBS)和阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)分别模拟正电性的多肽natSil-1A和负电性的多肽natSil-2,控制形成复合模板；以同时带有羧基和羟基的L-酒石酸模拟natSil-2结构中的羧基和羟基,调节硅化产物多空结构的形成。结果在阴、阳离子型表面活性剂复合模板和L-酒石酸调节剂存在下,一种类似生物硅藻壳面的二维二氧化硅筛板结构被成功地合成。同时,一系列不同浓度添加剂L-酒石酸存在下的实验结构揭示羟基和羧基共存的酒石酸分子对于SSPs的形成至关重要。因此,实验结果有助于加深对生物硅藻壳面大孔多孔二氧化硅筛板成因机制的了解。
4.受生物硅化作用的启发,在L-(+)-酒石酸、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和NaSCN存在的情况下,我们得到了一种带有穿透孔的二氧化硅纳米带(silica ribbons with through-holes, SRTHs)。FESEM和TEM照片表明,这种SRTH结构是由小的球形颗粒组成的,穿透孔结构的出现是由于这些纳米颗粒的组装受限导致的。基于一系列的表征结果,我们全面讨论了SRTHs的形成机制。在合成过程中,预先制得的针状酒石酸钠晶体是带状二氧化硅沉积产生的硬模板。在NaSCN的协助下,阴离子表面活性剂SDBS在酒石酸盐晶体表面吸附,这对于穿透孔结构的形成至关重要。另外,我们通过进行时间序列实验,揭示了二氧化硅从颗粒到SRTH结构的生长过程。
Biomineralization is an active research field of increasing interest. Frustule, the silica-based cell wall of diatoms, is one of the most outstanding nanostructured artworks created by living organisms. These ornate shells usually exhibit highly differentiated nano-and micropatterns with regular arrays of holes, which has attracted much attention because of their unique morphologies and hierarchical structures, fascinating mechanical properties and potential applications in many fields. Understanding biomineralization requires elucidation of the underlying cellular and molecular biological processes. On the one hand, a variety of organic and biological molecules, such as proteins, polysaccharides, organic amines and lipids, have been successfully separated and identified from cell-wall extracts of diatoms. One the other hand, the formation process of cell wall in diatoms has been studied systematically. The hierarchical assembly from zero-dimensional nanoparticles through one-dimensional rope-like structures to the two-dimensional micropatterns with regular arrays of holes can been well discerned. Moreover, some interesting structure details were observed. For example, elongated siliceous structures and their localized enlargement occurred at the early stage of frustule development. Another example is the asymmetrical development of areolae walls after the formation of areolae structure in diatoms. However, little is known about their growth mechanism. In this dissertation, various mineralization methods of silica deposition under biomimetic conditions were utilized to prepare siliceous minerals with different shapes, asymmetrical particles with different aspect ratios and assembled silica architectures with several levels of hierarchy. The obtained products were analyzed with several characterization methods, including the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM),(high-resolution) transmission electron microscope (TEM and HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), solid-state29Si NMR, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and nitrogen physisorption. Based on the above determinations, the sample compositions, textural characteristics and surface morphologies can be comprehensively investigated. Meanwhile, various univariate experiments were also carried out to understand the influence of the added organics on silica formation. As a result, different growth mechanisms were proposed to illustrate the formation of the corresponding siliceous structures, such as the elongated siliceous structures with localized enlargement, the disk-like asymmetrical particles, the two-dimensional silica sieve plates and the silica ribbons with through-holes. Therefore, our results may provide available information for further understanding the mechanism of biosilicification. Some new possibilities have also been exhibited on the fabrication of silica structures whose morphologies are similar to the biosilica formed in organism. The details of dissertation are described below.
1. Using tetraethyl orthosilicate [TEOS, Si(OCH2CH3)4] as a silica source, phospholipid (PL) and dodecylamine (DA) were introduced as model organic additives to investigate their influence on the formation and morphology of silica in the mineralization process. The FESEM and TEM analyses demonstrate that increasing PL concentrations at constant DA content leads to the formation of siliceous elongated structures. Localized enlargement can also be observed during further growth of elongated structures, displaying some features of the earliest recognizable stage of valve development in diatoms. In addition, in the presence or absence of PL, a series of control experiments using,ammonia instead of DA show that no elongated structures are obtained, suggesting that the formation of elongated silica structures results from the cooperative interactions between PL and DA molecules. Because both organic amines (e.g., long-chain polyamines, LCPA) and phospholipid membranes (e.g., silicalemma) are of special importance for biosilicification in diatoms and sponges, our results imply that phospholipids are involved in the formation of organic aggregates, and thus influence the amines-mediated silica deposition.
2. Using tetraethyl orthosilicate [TEOS, Si(OCH2CH3)4] as silica precursor, phospholipid (PL) and dodecylamine (DA) were introduced to initiate phase separation of organic components and influence silica precipitation. Morphology, structure and composition of the mineralized products were studied. The results demonstrate that the phase separation process of the organic components leads to the formation of asymmetrically non-spherical silica structures, and the aspect ratios of the asymmetrical structures can be well controlled by varying the concentration of PL and DA. On the basis of the time-dependent experiments, a tentative mechanism is also proposed to illustrate the asymmetrical morphogenesis. Therefore, our results imply that in addition to explaining the hierarchical porous nanopatterning of biosilica, the phase separation process may be also responsible for the growth differentiation of siliceous structures in specific directions. Because organic amine (e.g., long-chair polyamines), phospholipids (e.g., silicalemma) and the phase separation process are associated with the biosilicification of diatoms, our results may provide a new insight into the mechanism of biosilicification.
3. Macroporous silica sieve plate (SSP) is an important characteristic of the valve structures in diatoms. The organic aggregates formed by opposite-charged peptides natSil-lA and natSil-2can act as a structure template during siliceous cell wall formation in diatoms, and the peptide natSil-2modified by hydroxyl-rich carbohydrate and anionic groups is considered to be a regulator of macroporous siliceous architectures. Inspired by these biological design principles, we provide a simple pathway for the fabrication of two-dimensional silica sieve plates by use of catanionic surfactants as templates and L-tartrate with hydroxyl and carboxyl groups as a regulator. The present synthesis method has the advantage of being a single-step self-assembly process. The formation mechanism of the hierarchical SSPs was also discussed in details, and the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups incorporated in one tartrate molecule are crucial to the formation of the SSPs. In this regard, our results may provide a novel pathway towards a deeper insight into biosilicification, and such well-designed conception can potentially be applied to the synthesis of other oxide sieve plate structures.
4. We present a facile method for the preparation of silica ribbons with through-holes (SRTHs) in the presence of L-(+)-tartaric acid, SDBS and NaSCN. The FESEM and TEM analyses demonstrate that the SRTH structures with rough surfaces are constituted by small spherical particles, and the appearance of through-holes is due to the limited assembly of these nano-particles. The formation mechanism of SRTHs is systematically discussed based on the characterization results. In the synthetic process, the preformed needle-like crystals of sodium tartrate can act as the hard template of ribbon-like silica deposition. With the help of NaSCN, the adsorption of anionic surfactant (SDBS) on the surfaces of tartrate needles is considered to be important for the formation of through-hole structures. And the time-dependent experiments exhibit the formation process from silica particles to SRTH structures.
引文
刘鸣达,张玉龙(2001)水稻土硅素肥力的研究现状与展望[J].土壤通报,32,187-192.
梁永超,丁瑞兴,刘谦(1999)硅对大麦耐盐性的影响及其机制[J].中国农业科学,32,75-83.
蒲红宇,张弼,唐玲(2009)海绵的生物学特性及其在水产养殖中的应用前景[J].渔业科学进展,30,135-138.
田福平,陈子萱,苗小林,常根柱,张礼军,白斌(2007)土壤和植物的硅素营养研究[J].山东农业科学,(1)81-84.
王爱华,彭镇华,孙启祥(2008)生物矿化与植物体内的生物硅化[J].东北林业大学学报,36,63-66.
徐呈祥,刘友良(2006)植物对Si的吸收、运输和沉积[J].西北植物学报,26,1071-1078.
徐呈祥,刘兆普,刘友良(2004)硅在植物中的生理功能[J].植物生理学通讯,40,753-757.
杨建堂,高尔明,霍晓婷,王文亮,毛振强(2000)沿黄稻区水稻硅素吸收、分配特点研究[J].河南农业大学学报,34,37-39.
邹邦基(1980)植物的硅素营养[J].土壤通报,11,44-45.
Adamson, A.W. (1976) Physical Chemistry of Surfaces,3rd ed.[M]. John Wiley.
Addadi, L., Raz, S., Weiner, S. (2003) Taking advantage of disorder:Amorphous calcium carbonate and its roles in biomineralization[J]. Advanced Materials,15, 959-970.
Agarie, S., Hanaoka, N., Ueno, O., Miyazaki, A., Kubota, F., Agata, W., Kaufman, P.B. (1998) Effects of Silicon on Tolerance to Water Deficit and Heat Stress in Rice Plants (Oryza sativa L.), Monitored by Electrolyte Leakage[J]. Plant Production Science,1,96-103.
Agger, J.R., Anderson, M.W., Pemble, M.E., Terasaki, O., Nozue, Y. (1998) Growth of quantum-confined indium phosphide inside MCM-41[J]. Journal of Physical Chemistry B,102,3345-3353.
Ahmad, R., Zaheer, S.H., Ismail, S. (1992) Role of silicon in salt tolerance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L)[J]. Plant Science,85,43-50.
Aizenberg, J., Sundar, V.C., Yablon, A.D., Weaver, J.C., Chen, G. (2004) Biological glass fibers:Correlation between optical and structural properties[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA,101,3358-3363.
Aizenberg, J., Weaver, J.C., Thanawala, M.S., Sundar, V.C., Morse, D.E., Fratzl, P. (2005) Skeleton of Euplectella sp.:Structural Hierarchy from the Nanoscale to the Macroscale[J]. Science,309,275-278.
Aksay, I.A., Trau, M., Manne, S., Honma, I., Yao, N., Zhou, L., Fenter, P., Eisenberger, P.M., Gruner, S.M. (1996) Biomimetic pathways for assembling inorganic thin films[J]. Science,273,892-898.
Amatani, T., Nakanishi, K., Hirao, K., Kodaira, T. (2005) Monolithic periodic mesoporous silica with well defined macropores[J]. Chemistry of Materials,17, 2114-2119.
Amick, J.A. (1982) Purification of rice hulls as a source of solar grade silicon for solar cells[J]. Journal of The Electrochemical Society,129,864-866.
Andersen, R.A. (2004) Biology and systematics of heterokont and haptophyte algae[J]. American Journal of Botany,91,1508-1522.
Anderson, H.C., Garimella, R., Tague, S.E. (2005) The role of matrix vesicles in growth plate development and biomineralization[J]. Frontiers in Bioscience,10, 822-837.
Anderson, M.T., Martin, J.E., Odinek, J.G, Newcomer, P.P. (1998) Surfactant-Templated Silica Mesophases Formed in Water:Cosolvent Mixtures[J]. Chemistry of Materials,10,311-321.
Armbrust, E.V. (1999) Identification of a new gene family expressed during the onset of sexual reproduction in the centric diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,65,3121-3128.
Armbrust, E.V., Berges, J.A., Bowler, C., Green, B.R., Martinez, D., Putnam, N.H., Zhou, S., Allen, A.E., Apt, K.E., Bechner, M., Brzezinski, M.A., Chaal, B.K., Chiovitti, A., Davis, A.K., Demarest, M.S., Detter, J.C., Glavina, T., Goodstein, D., Hadi, M.Z., Hellsten, U., Hildebrand, M., Jenkins, B.D., Jurka, J., Kapitonov, V.V., Kroger, N., Lau, W.W., Lane, T.W., Larimer, F.W., Lippmeier, J.C., Lucas, S., Medina, M., Montsant, A., Obornik, M., Parker, M.S., Palenik, B., Pazour, G.J., Richardson, P.M., Rynearson, T.A., Saito, M.A., Schwartz, D.C., Thamatrakoln, K., Valentin, K., Vardi, A., Wilkerson, F.P., Rokhsar, D.S. (2004) The genome of the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana:ecology, evolution, and metabolism[J]. Science,306,79-86.
Armbrust, E.V., Galindo, H.M. (2001) Rapid evolution of a sexual reproduction gene in centric diatoms of the genus Thalassiosira[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,67,3501-3513.
Arndt, W. (1930) Porifera (Schwamme, Spongien), in Tabulae Biologicae[M]. ed. Oppenheimer, C., Pincussen, L., Junk, W., Berlin, pp.39-120.
Arnold, K., Bordoli, L., Kopp, J., Schwede, T. (2006) The SWISS-MODEL workspace:a web-based environment for protein structure homology modelling[J]. Bioinformatics,22,195-201.
Aw, M.S., Simovic, S., Yu, Y., Addai-Mensah, J., Losic, D. (2012) Porous silica microshells from diatoms as biocarrier for drug delivery applications [J]. Powder Technology,223,52-58.
Babayan, D., Chassenieux, C., Lafuma, F., Ventelon, L., Hernandez, J. (2010) Formation of Rodlike Silica Aggregates Directed by Adsorbed Thermoresponsive Polymer Chains[J]. Langmuir,26,2279-2287.
Bagshaw, S.A., Prouzet, E., Pinnavaia, T.J. (1995) Templating of mesoporous molecular sieves by nonionic polyethylene oxide surfactants [J]. Science,269, 1242-1244.
Baker, G. (1961) Opal Phytoliths and Adventitious Mineral Particles in Wheat Dust, Mineragraphic Investigations[M]. Technical Paper No.4, C.S.I.R.O., Melbourne, Australia.
Ball, T.D., Gardner, J.S., Brotherson, J.D. (1996) Identifying phytoliths produced by the inflorescence bracts of wheat (Triticum monococcum L., T. dicoccon Schrank., and T. aestivum L.) using computer-assisted image and statistical analyses[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science,23,619-632.
Bansal, V., Rautaray, D., Ahmad, A., Sastry, M. (2004) Biosynthesis of zirconia nanoparticles using the fungus Fusarium oxysporum[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,14,3303-3305.
Baral, S., Schoen, P. (1993) Silica-deposited phospholipid tubules as a precurosor to hollow submicron-diameter silica cylinders [J]. Chemistry of Materials,5, 145-147.
Barcelo, J., Guevara, P., Poschenrieder, C. (1993) Silicon amelioration of aluminum toxicity in teosinte (Zea mays L. ssp. mexicana)[J]. Plant Soil,154,249-255.
Barthel, D. (1995) Tissue composition of sponges from the Weddell Sea, Antarctica: not much meat on the bones[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series,123,149-153.
Bauerlein, E, ed. (2004) Biomineralization:Progress in Biology[M]. Molecular Biology and Application,2nd, Completely Revised and Extended Edition. Weinheim:Wiley-VCH.361 p.
Bauerlein, E. (2000) Biomineralization:from biology to biotechnology and medical application[M]. Wiley-VCH, Chichester.
Bauerlein, E. (2003) Biomineralization of unicellular organisms:An unusual membrane biochemistry for the production of inorganic nano- and microstructures[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,42,614-641.
Bauerlein, E. (2007) Handbook of Biomineralization[M]. Biological Aspects and Structure Formation, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA:Weinheim, Germany.
Baylis, A., Gragopoulou, G, Davidson, K., Birchall, J.D. (1994) Effects of silicon on the toxicity of aluminum to soybean[J]. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,25,537-546.
B6gu, S., Durand, R., Lerner, D.A., Charnay, C., Tourne-Peteilh, C., Devoisselle, J.M. (2003) Preparation and characterization of siliceous material using liposomes as template[J]. Chemical Communications,640-641.
B6gu, S., Girod, S., Lerner, D.A., Jardiller, N., Tourne-Peteilh, C., Devoisselle, J.M. (2004) Characterization of a phospholipid bilayer entrapped into non-porous silica nanospheres[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,14,1316-1320.
Belanger, R.R., Benhamou, N., Menzies, J.G. (2003) Cytological evidence of an active role of silicon in wheat resistance to powdery mildew(Blumeria graminis f. sp tritici)[J]. Phytopathology,93,402-412.
Belanger, R.R., Benyagoub, M. (1997) Challenges and prospects for integrated control of powdery mildews in the greenhouse[J]. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology,19,310-314.
Belanger, R.R., Browen, P.A., Ehret, D.L., Menzies, J.G (1995) Soluble silicon:Its role in crop and disease management of greenhouse crops[J]. Plant Disease,79, 329-336.
Bellomo, E.G., Deming, T.J. (2006) Monoliths of Aligned Silica-Polypeptide Hexagonal Platelets[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,128, 2276-2279.
Bergquist, P.R. (1978) Sponges[M]. London:Hutchinson.
Bhatt, T., Coombs, M., O'Neill, C.H. (1984) Biogenic silica fiber promotes carcinogenesis in mouse skin[J]. International Journal of Cancer,34,519-528.
Bhattacharyya, P., Vulcani, B.E. (1980) Sodium-dependent silicate transport in the apochlorotic marine diatom[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA,77,6386-6390.
Bidle, K.D., Azam, F. (1999) Accelerated dissolution of diatom silica by marine bacterial assemblages[J]. Nature,397,508-512.
Birchall, J.D. (1995) The essentiality of silicon in biology [J]. Chemical Society Reviews,24,351-357.
Boeniger, M., Hawkins, M., Marsin, P., Newman, R. (1988) Occupational exposure to silicate fibers and PAHs during sugar cane harvesting [J]. The Annals of Occupational Hygiene,32,153-169.
Boissiere, C., Larbot, A., Bourgaux, C., Prouzet, E., Bunton, C.A. (2001) A Study of the Assembly Mechanism of the Mesoporous MSU-X Silica Two-Step Synthesis[J]. Chemistry of Materials,13,3580-3586.
Bradbury, M., Ahmad, R. (1990) The effect of silicon on the growth of Prosopis juliflora growing in saline soil[J]. Plant and Soil,125,71-74.
Brinker, C.J., Scherer, G.W. (1990) Sol-Gel Science:The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing[M]. Academic Press, Boston.
Brown, D.A. (1984) Prospects and limits of a phytolith key for grasses in the central United States[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science,11,3,45-368.
Brunner, E., Lutz, K., Sumper, M. (2004) Biomimetic synthesis of silica nanospheres depends on the aggregation and phase separation of polyamines in aqueous solution[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics,6,854-857.
Brutchey, R.L., Morse, D.E. (2008) Silicatein and the translation of its molecular mechanism of biosilicification into low temperature nanomaterial synthesis [J]. Chemical Reviews,108,4915-4934.
Burkhardt, S., Amoroso, G., Riebesell, U., Sultemeyer, D. (2001) CO2 and HCO3-uptake in marine diatoms acclimated to different CO2 concentrations [J]. Limnology & Oceanography,46,1378-1391.
Casey, W.H., Kinrade, S.D., Knight, C.T.G., Rains, D.W., Epstein, E. (2003) Aqueous silicate complexes in wheat, Triticum aestivum L[J]. Plant, Cell and Environment, 27,49-52.
Cattaneo-Vietti, R., Bavestrello, G., Cerrano, C., Sara, A., Benatti, U., Giovine, M., Gaino, E. (1996) Optical fibres in an Antarctic sponge[J]. Nature,383,397-398.
Cauda, V., Muhlstein, L., Onida, B., Bein, T. (2009) Tuning drug uptake and release rates through different morphologies and pore diameters of confined mesoporous silica[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,118,435-442.
Cha, J.N., Shimizu, K., Zhou, Y, Christiansen, S.C., Chmelka, B.F., Stucky, GD., Morse, D.E. (1999) Silicatein filaments and subunits from a marine sponge direct the polymerization of silica and silicones in vitro[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,96,361-365.
Chai, H., Lawn, B.R.(2002) Cracking in brittle laminates from concentrated loads[J]. Acta Materialia,50,2613-2625.
Chaudhary, Y.S., Ghatak, J., Bhatta, U.M., Khushalani, D. (2006) One-step method for the self-assembly of metal nanoparticles onto facetted hollow silica tubes [J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,16,3619-3623.
Chen, C.H., Lewin, J. (1969) Silicon as a nutrient element for Equisetum arvense[J]. Canadian Journal of Botany,47,125-131.
Chen, D.H., Li, Z., Wan, Y., Tu, X.J., Shi, Y.F., Chen, Z.X., Shen, W., Yu, C.Z., Tu, B., Zhao, D.Y. (2006) Anionic surfactant induced mesophase transformation to synthesize highly ordered large-pore mesoporous silica structures[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,16,1511-1519.
Chen, D.H., Li, Z., Yu, C.Z., Shi, Y.F., Zhang, Z.D., Tu, B., Zhao, D.Y (2005) Nonionic block copolymer and anionic mixed surfactants directed synthesis of highly ordered mesoporous silica with bicontinuous cubic structure[J]. Chemistry of Materials,17,3228-3234.
Chen, D.Y., Jiang, M.J., Li, N.J., Gu, H.W., Xu, Q.F., Ge, J.F., Xia, X.W., Lu, J.M. (2010a) Modification of magnetic silica/iron oxide nanocomposites with fluorescent polymethacrylic acid for cancer targeting and drug delivery [J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,20,6422-6429.
Chen, H., Hu, T., Zhang, X., Huo, K., Chu, P.K., He, J. (2010b) One-Step Synthesis of Monodisperse and Hierarchically Mesostructured Silica Particles with a Thin Shell[J]. Langmuir,26,13556-13563.
Chen, Y., Li, Y., Chen, Y., Liu, X., Zhang, M., Li, B., Yang, Y. (2009) Preparation of hollow silica spheres with holes on the shells[J]. Chemical Communications, 5177-5179.
Cheng, G., Liu, C. (2002) Preparation of lamellar mesoporous silica microspheres via SDS templates[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics,77,359-364.
Cheng, X., Liu, S., Lu, L., Sui, X., Meynen, V., Cool, P., Vansant, E.F., Jiang, J. (2007) Fast fabrication of hollow silica spheres with thermally stable nanoporous shells[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,98,41-46.
Cherif, M., Asselin, A., Belanger, R.R. (1994) Defense responses induced by soluble silicon in cucumber roots infected by Pythium spp[J]. Phytopathology,84, 236-242.
Chiappino, M.L., Volcani, B.E. (1977) Studies on the biochemistry and fine structure of silica-shell formation in diatoms[J]. Protoplasma,93,205-221.
Chiba, Y., Mitani, N., Yamaji, N., Ma, J.F. (2009) HvLsil is a silicon influx transporter in barley[J]. The Plant Journal,57,810-818.
Cocker, K.M., Evans, D.E., Hodson, M.J. (1998a) The amelioration of aluminium toxicity by silicon in higher plants:solution chemistry or an in planta mechanism[J]? Plant Physiology,104,608-614.
Cocker, K.M., Evans, D.E., Hodson, M.J. (1998b) The amelioration of aluminium toxicity by silicon in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.):malate exudation as evidence for an in planta mechanism[J]. Planta,204,318-323.
Cocker, K.M., Hodson, M.J., Evans, D.E., Sangster, A.G. (1997) Interaction between silicon and aluminum in Triticum aestivum L. (cv. Celtic)[J]. Israel Journal of Plant Sciences,45,285-292.
Collier, J.H., Messersmith, P.B. (2002) Phospholipid strategies in biomineralization and biomaterial research [J]. Annual Review of Materials Research,31,237-263.
Coombs, J., Volcani, B.E. (1968) Studies on the biochemistry and fine structure of silica shell formation in diatoms. Chemical changes in the wall of Navicula pelliculosa during its formation[J]. Planta,82,280-292.
Coradin, T., Lopez, P.J. (2003) Biogenic silica patterning:simple chemistry or subtle biology[J]? ChemBioChem,4,251-259.
Comelis, J.T., Delvaux, B., Georg, R.B., Lucas, Y., Ranger, J., Opfergelt S. (2010) Tracing the origin of dissolved silicon transferred from various soil-plant systems towards rivers:a review[J]. Biogeosciences Discussions,7,5873-5930.
Corrales, L., Poschenrieder, C., Barcelo, J. (1997) Influence of silicon pretreatment on aluminum toxicity in maize roots[J]. Plant Soil,190,203-209.
Crawford, S.A., Higgins, M.J., Mulvaney, P., Wetherbee, R. (2001) Nanostructure of the diatom frustule as revealed by atomic force and scanning electron microscopy[J]. Journal of Phycology,37,543-554.
Croce, G., Frache, A., Milanesio, M., Marchese, L., Causa, M., Viterbo, D., Barbaglia, A., Bolis, V., Bavestrello, G., Cerrano, C., Benatti, U., Pozzolini, M., Giovine, M., Amenitsch, H. (2004) Structural characterization of siliceous spicules from marine sponges[J]. Biophysical Journal,86,526-534.
Cullen, J.J., Neale, P.J., Lesser, M.P. (1992) Biological weighting function for the inhibition of phytoplankton photosynthesis by ultraviolet radiation[J]. Science, 258,646-650.
Curnow, P., Bessette, P.H., Kisailus, D., Murr, M.M., Daugherty, P.S., Morse, D.E. (2005) Enzymatic synthesis of layered titanium phosphates at low temperature and neutral pH by cell-surface display of silicatein-alpha[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,127,15749-15755.
Currie, H.A., Patwardhan, S.V., Perry, C.C., Roach, P., Shirtcliffe, N.J. (2007)Synthesis, characterization and Applications-in Hybrid materials[M]. ed. Kickelbick, G., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp.255-299.
Currie, H.A., Perry, C.C. (2007) Silica in plants:Biological, biochemical and chemical studies[J]. Annals of Botany,100,1383-1389.
Datonoff, L., Korndorfer, G, Synder G. (2001) Silicon in agriculture[C]. New York, Elesevier Science,17-39.
Davis, A.K., Hildebrand, M. (2008) Molecular processes of biosilicification in diatoms[M]. In:Sigel, H., Sigel, A. (Eds.), Metal Ions in Life Sciences. Biomineralization. From Nature to Application, vol.4. Wiley, London, pp. 255-294.
Davis, A.K., Hildebrand, M., Palenik, B. (2005) A stress-induced protein associated with the girdle band region of the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana (Bacillariophyta)[J]. Journal of Phycology,41,577-589.
Dayanandan, P., Kaufinan, P.B. (1976) Trichomes of Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae)[J]. American Journal of Botany,63,578-591.
de Lhoneux, B., Gerlache, L., Clemente, A., Roda-Santos, M., Menaia, J., Fernandes, T. (1988) Ultrastructural characterization of rice husk submitted to different pretreatments to optimize its fermentation[J]. Biological Wastes,23,163-180.
Di Renzo, F., Testa, F., Chen, J.D., Cambon, H., Galarneau, A., Plee, D., Fajula, F. (1999) Textural control of micelle-templated mesoporous silicates:the effects of co-surfactants and alkalinity [J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,28, 437-446.
Dickerson, M.B., Sandhage, K.H., Naik, R.R. (2008) Protein-and Peptide-Directed Syntheses of Inorganic Materials[J], Chemical Reviews,108,4935-4978.
Dimos, K., Stathi, P., Karakassides, M.A., Deligiannakis, Y. (2009) Synthesis and characterization of hybrid MCM-41 materials for heavy metal adsorption[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,126,65-71.
Ding, Y, Li, C., Guo, R. (2010) Facile fabrication of pomponlike microarchitectures of lanthanum molybdate via an ultrasound route[J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 17,46-54.
Djerassi, C., Lam, W.K. (1991) Phospholipid studies of marine organisms. Part 25. Sponge phospholipids[J]. Accounts of Chemical Research,24,69-75.
Drum, R.W., Pankratz, H.S. (1964) Post mitotic fine structure of Gomphonema parvulum[J]. Journal of Ultrastructure Research,10,217-223.
Early, T.A., Kundrat, J.T., Schorp, T., Glonek, T. (1996) Lake Michigan sponge phospholipid variations with habitat:A 31P nuclear magnetic resonance study[J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B:Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,114,77-89.
Ehrlich, H., Demadis, K.D., Pokrovsky, O.S., Koutsoukos, P.G. (2010b) Modern views on desilicification:biosilica and abiotic silica dissolution in natural and artificial environments [J]. Chemical Reviews,110,4656-4689.
Ehrlich, H., Deutzmann, R., Brunner, E., Cappellini, E., Koon, H., Solazzo, C., Yang, Y., Ashford, D., Thomas-Oates, J., Lubeck, M., Baessmann, C., Langrock, T. Hoffmann, R., Worheide, G., Reitner, J., Simon, P., Tsurkan, M., Ereskovsky, A.V., Kurek, D., Bazhenov, V.V., Hunoldt, S., Mertig, M., Vyalikh, D.V., Molodtsov, S.L., Kummer. K., Worch, H., Smetacek, V., Collins, M.J. (2010a) Mineralization of the meter-long biosilica structures of glass sponges is templated on hydroxylated collagen[J]. Nature Chemistry,2,1084-1088.
Ellis, J. (1796) The Natural History of Many Curious and Uncommon Zoophytes, Collection from Various Parts of the Globe [M]. Benjamin White, London.
Ellwood, M.J., Wille, M., Maher, W. (2010) Glacial silicic acid concentrations in the Southern Ocean[J]. Science,330,1088-1091.
Epstein, E. (1994) The anomaly of silicon in plant biology[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science,91,11-17.
Epstein, E. (1999) Silicon[J]. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology,50,641-664.
Esumi, K. (2001) Interactions between Surfactants and Particles:Dispersion, Surface Modification, and Adsolubilization[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 241,1-17.
Etahiri, A., Humbert, B., El Kacemi, K., Marouf, B., Bessiere, J. (1997) Dielectric study of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) adsorption onto galena. Comparison with sodium amyl xanthate and dodecyl ammonium chloride[J]. International Journal of Mineral Processing,52,49-63.
Evans, D.F., Parr, J., Coker, E.N. (1990) Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of silicon(Ⅳ) complexes in aqueous solution-I. Tris-catecholato complexes [J]. Polyhedron,9,813-823.
Exley, C. (2009) Case Study Lake Baikal, in Biosilica in Evolution, Morphogenesis, and Nanobiotechnology[M]. ed. Muller W.E.G. and Grachev M.A., Springer, Berlin, vol.47.
Fauteux, F., Remus-Borel, W., Menzies, J.G., Belanger, R.R. (2005) Silicon and plant disease resistance against pathogenic fungi[J]. FEMS Microbiology Letters,249, 1-6.
Fawe, A., Abou-Zaid, M., Menzies, J.G., Belanger, R.R. (1998) Silicon-mediated accumulation of flavinoid phytoalexins in cucumber[J]. Phytopathology,88, 396-401.
Feifel, S.C., Lisdat, F. (2011) Silica nanoparticles for the layer-by-layer assembly of fully electro-active cytochrome c multilayers[J]. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 9,59.
Field, C.B., Behrenfeld, M.J., Randerson, J.T., Falkowski, P. (1998) Primary production of the biosphere:integrating terrestrial and oceanic components [J]. Science,281,237-240.
Finkel, Z.V., Matheson, K.A., Regan, K.S., Irwin, A.J. (2010) Genotypic and phenotypic variation in diatom silicification under paleo-oceanographic conditions[J]. Geobiology,8,433-445.
Flory, P.J., Semlyen, J.A. (1966) Macrocyclization Equilibrium Constants and the Statistical. Configuration of Poly (dimethylsiloxane) Chains[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,88,3209-3212.
Fry, S.C. (2004) Primary cell wall metabolism:tracking the careers of wall polymers in living plant cells[J]. New Phytologist,161,641-675.
Fuhrmann, T., Landwehr, S., El Rharbi-Kucki, M., Sumper, M. (2004) Diatoms as living photonic crystals[J]. Applied Physics B,78,257-260.
Fustian, C.A., Glasser, G., Spiess, H.W., Jonas, U. (2004) Parameters Influencing the Templated Growth of Colloidal Crystals on Chemically Patterned Surfaces [J]. Langmuir,20,9114-9123.
Galarneau, A., Renard, G., Mureseanu, M., Tourrette, A., Biolley, C., Choi, M., Ryoo, R., Di Renzo, F., Fajula F. (2007) Synthesis of sponge mesoporous silicas from lecithin/dodecylamine mixed-micelles in ethanol/water media:A route towards efficient biocatalysts[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,104,103-114.
Galarneau, A., Sartori F., Cangiotti, M., Mineva, T., Di Renzo, F., Ottaviani, M.F. (2010) Sponge mesoporous silica formation using disordered phospholipid bilayers as template[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B,114,2140-2152.
Galvez, L., Clark, R., Gourley, L., Maranville, J. (1987) Silicon interactions with manganese and aluminum toxicity in sorghum[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition,10, 1139-1147.
Garofalini, S.H., Martin, G. (1994) Molecular simulations of the polymerization of silicic acid molecules and network formation[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry,98,1311-1316.
Garrone, R. (1969) Collagene, spongine et squelette mineral chez l'eponge Haliclona rosea (O.S.) (Demosponge, Haploscleride)[J]. Journal of Microscopy,8, 581-598.
Genin, E., Wielgosz-Collin, G., Njinkoue, J.M., Velosaotsy, N.E., Kornprobst, J.M., Gouygou, J.P., Vacelet, J., Barnathan, G. (2008) New trends in phospholipid class composition of marine sponges [J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B:Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,150,427-431.
Goertzen, L.R., Theriot, E.C. (2003) Effect of taxon sampling, character weighting, and combined data on the interpretation of relationships among the heterokont algae [J]. Journal of Phycology,39,423-443.
Goncalves da Silva, A.M., Romao, R.I.S. (2005) Mixed monolayers involving DPPC, DODAB and oleic acid and their interaction with nicotinic acid at the air-water interface[J]. Chemistry and Physics of Lipids,137,62-76.
Gorby, Y.A., Beveridge, T.J., Blakemore, R.P. (1988) Characterization of the bacterial magnetosome membrane [J]. Journal of Bacteriology,170,834-841.
Gordon, R., Drum, R.W. (1994) The chemical basis of diatom morpho genesis [J]. International Review of Cytology,150,243-372.
Gower, L.B. (2008) Biomimetic model systems for investigating the amorphous precursor pathway and its role in biomineralization[J]. Chemical Reviews,108, 4551-4627.
Gray, J.E. (1825) On the chemical composition of sponges[J]. Annals of Philosophy, NS9,431-432.
Grigoriev, D., Miller, R., Shchukin, D., Mohwald, H. (2007) Interfacial assembly of partially hydrophobic silica nanoparticles induced by ultrasonic treatment[J]. Small,3,665-671.
Guillou, L., Chretiennot-Dinet, M.J., Medlin, L.K., Claustre, H., de Goer, L.S., Vaulot, D. (1999) Bolidomonas:a new genus with two species belonging to a new algal class, the Bolidophyceae (Heterokonta)[J]. Journal of Phycology,35,368-381.
Guo, X., Deng, Y., Tu, B., Zhao, D. (2010) Facile Synthesis of Hierarchically Mesoporous Silica Particles with Controllable Cavity in Their Surfaces[J]. Langmuir,26,702-708.
Hamm, C.E., Merkel, R., Springer, O., Jurkojc, P., Maier, C., Prechtel, K., Smetacek, V. (2003) Architecture and material properties of diatom shells provide effective mechanical protection[J]. Nature,421,841-843.
Hammond, K.E., Evans, D.E., Hodson, M.J. (1995) Aluminum/silicon interactions in barley(Hordeum vulgate L.) seedlings[J]. Plant Soil,173,89-95.
Han, J., Song, G., Guo, R. (2007) Synthesis of polymer hollow spheres with holes in their surfaces[J]. Chemistry of Materials,19,973-975.
Hansen, D.J., Dayanandan, P., Kaufman, P.B., Brotherson, J.D. (1976) Ecological adaptations of salt marsh grass, Distichlis spicata (Gramineae), and environmental factors affecting its growth and distribution[J]. American Journal of Botany,63,635-650.
Harrison, C.C. (1996) Evidence for intramineral macromolecules containing protein from plant silicas[J]. Phytochemistry,41,37-42.
Harrison, C.C., Loton, N. (1995) Novel routes to designer silicas:studies of the decomposition of (M+)2[Si(C6H4O2)3]·xH2O. Importance of M+ identity of the kinetics of oligomerisation and the structural characteristics of the silicas produced[J]. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions,91, 4287-4297.
Hayward, D.M., Parry, D.W. (1973) Electron-probe microanalysis studies of silica distribution in barley(Hordeum sativum L.)[J]. Annals of Botany,37,579-591.
Hazelaar, S., van der Strate, H.J., Gieskes, W.W.C., Vrieling, E.G. (2005) Monitoring Rapid Valve Formation in the Pennate Diatom Navicula Salinarum (Bacillariophyceae)[J]. Journal of Phycology,41,354-358.
He, J., Li, C. (2006) An easy approach to fabrication of silica nanofibers/nanotubes via wrapping sacrificial Cd(OH)2 nanostrands[J]. Chemistry Letters,35, 1088-1089.
Hecky, R.E., Mopper, K., Kilham, P., Degens, E.T. (1973) The amino acid and sugar composition of diatom cell-walls[J]. Marine Biology,19,323-331.
Hench, L.L., West, J.K. (1995) Molecular Orbital Models of Silica[J]. Annual Review of Materials Research,25,37-68.
Heredia, A., van der Strate, H.J., Delgadillo, I., Basiuk, V.A., Vrieling, E.G. (2008) Analysis of organo-silica interactions during valve formation in synchronously growing cells of the diatom Navicula pelliculosa[J]. ChemBioChem,9,573-584.
Herrera, C.M. (1985) Grass/grazer radiations:an interpretation of silica body diversity [J]. Oikos,45,446-447.
Hildebrand, M. (2000) From Biology to Biotechnology and Medical Application, in Biomineralization[M]. ed. Bauerlein E., Wiley, Weinheim, pp.171-188.
Hildebrand, M. (2003) Biological processing of nanostructured silica in diatoms [J]. Progress in Organic Coatings,47,256-266.
Hildebrand, M. (2008) Diatoms, biomineralization processes, and genomics[J]. Chemical Reviews,108,4855-4874.
Hildebrand, M., Kim, S., Shi, D., Scott, K., Subramaniam, S. (2009) 3D imaging of diatoms with ion-abrasion scanning electron microscopy [J]. Journal of Structural Biology,166,316-328.
Hildebrand, M., Volcani, B.E., Gassmann, W., Schroeder, J.I. (1997) A gene family of silicon transporters[J]. Nature,385,688-689.
Hildebrand, M., Wetherbee, R. (2003) Components and control of silicification in diatoms[J]. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology,33,11-57.
Hildebrand, M., York, E., Kelz, J.I., Davis, A.K., Frigeri, L.G., Allison, D.P., Doktycz, M.J. (2006) Nanoscale control of silica morphology and three-dimensional structure during diatom cell wall formation[J]. Journal of Materials Research,21, 2689-2698.
Hoagland, K.D., Rosowski, J.R., Gretz, M.R., Roemer, S.C. (1993) Diatom extracellular polymeric substances-function, fine-structure, chemistry, and physiology[J]. Journal of Phycology,29,537-566.
Hodson, M.J., Evans, D.E. (1995) Aluminum/silicon interactions in higher plants[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany,46,161-171.
Hodson, M.J., Parry, D.W. (1982) The ultrastructure and analytical microscopy of silicon deposition in the aleurone layer of the caryopsis of Setaria italica (L)[J]. Annals of Botany,50,221-228.
Hodson, M.J., Sangster, A.G (1988) Observations on the Distribution of Mineral Elements in the Leaf of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), with Particular Reference to Silicon[J]. Annals of Botany,62,463-471.
Hodson, M.J., Sangster, A.G. (1993) The interaction between silicon and aluminium in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench:growth analysis and X-ray microanalysis[J]. Annals of Botany,72,389-400.
Hodson, M.J., Sangster, A.G (1999) Aluminum/silicon interactions in conifers[J]. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry,76,89-98.
Hodson, M.J., Sangster, A.G, Parry, D.W. (1982) Silicon deposition in the inflorescence bristles and macrohairs of Setaria italica (L.) Beauv[J]. Annals of Botany,50,843-850.
Hodson, M.J., White, P.J., Mead, A., Broadley, M.R. (2005) Phylogenetic variation in the silicon composition of plants[J]. Annals of Botany,96,1027-1046.
Holzhuter, G., Lakshminarayanan, K., Gerber, T. (2005) Silica structure in the spicules of the sponge Suberites domuncula[J]. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry,382,1121-1126.
Holzhuter, G., Narayanan, K., Gerber, T. (2003) Structure of silica in Equisetum arvense[J]. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry,376,512-517.
Hu, H., Zhou, H., Liang, J., An, L., Dai, A., Li, X., Yang, H., Yang, S., Wu, H. (2011) Facile synthesis of amino-functionalized hollow silica microspheres and their potential application for ultrasound imaging[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,358,392-398.
Hu, J.K., Shan, W., Zhang, W.J., Zhang, Y.H., Tang, Y. (2010) Morphological diversity of dual meso-structured HMS and their transformation process[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,129,210-219.
Hughes, N.P. (1989) In vivo and in vitro studies of biomineralization processes[M]. PhD thesis, Oxford University.
Hukkamaki, J., Pakkanen, T.T. (2003) Amorphous silica materials prepared by neutral templating route using amine-terminated templates [J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,65,189-196.
Iler, R.K. (1979) The Chemistry of Silica[M]. John Wiley & Sons, New York.1-896.
Im, S.H., Jeong, U., Xia, Y. (2005) Polymer Hollow Particles with Controllable Holes in Their Surfaces[J]. Nature Materials,4,671-675.
Imsiecke, G., Steffen, R., Custodio, M., Borojevic, R., Miiller, W.E.G. (1995) Formation of spicules by sclerocytes from the freshwater sponge Ephydatia muelleri in short-term cultures in vitro [J]. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology,31,528-535.
Inanaga, S., Okasaka, A. (1995) Calcium and silicon binding compounds in cell walls of rice shoots[J]. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,41,103-110.
Ingalls, A.E., Whitehead, K., Bridoux, M.C. (2010) Tinted windows:The presence of the UV absorbing compounds called mycosporine-like amino acids embedded in the frustules of marine diatoms [J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,74, 104-115.
Ivanisevic, J., Perez T., Ereskovsky, A.V., Barnathan, G, Thomas, O.P. (2011) Lysophospholipids in the Mediterranean sponge Oscarella tuberculata:seasonal variability and putative biological role[J]. Journal of Chemical Ecology,37, 537-545.
Jacobson, H., Stockmayer, W.H. (1950) Intramolecular Reaction in Polycondensations. I. The Theory of Linear Systems[J]. Journal of Chemical Physics,18,1600-1606.
Ji, Q., Iwaura, R., Kogiso, M., Jung, J.H., Yoshida, K., Shimizu, T. (2004) Direct sol-gel replication without catalyst in an aqueous gel system:From a lipid nanotube with a single bilayer wall to a uniform silica hollow cylinder with an ultrathin wall[J]. Chemistry of Materials,16,250-254.
Ji, Q., Iwaura, R., Shimizu, T. (2007) Regulation of silica nanotube diameters:Sol-gel transcription using solvent-sensitive morphological change of peptidic lipid nanotubes as templates [J]. Chemistry of Materials,19,1329-1334.
Ji, Q., Kamiya, S., Jung, J.H., Shimizu, T. (2005) Self-assembly of glycolipids on silica nanotube templates yielding hybrid nanotubes with concentric organic and inorganic layers[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,15,743-748.
Jiang, P., Bertone, J.F., Hwang, K.S., Colvin, V.L. (1999) Single-Crystal Colloidal Multilayers of Controlled Thickness [J]. Chemistry of Materials,11,2132-2140.
Jiang, S., Granick, S. (2008) Controlling the geometry (Janus balance) of amphiphilic colloidal particles[J]. Langmuir,24,2438-2445.
Jin, G.Q., Guo, X.Y. (2003) Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous silicon carbide[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,60,207-212.
Jones, L.H.P., Handreck, K.A. (1967) Silica in soils, plants and animals[J]. Advances in Agronomy,19,107-149.
Kao, H.M., Liao, Y.W., Ting, C.C. (2007) Synthesis of cubic mesoporous silica SBA-1 with bulky headgroup surfactant cetyltripropylammonium bromide[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,98,80-88.
Karkamkar, A.J., Kim, S.S., Mahanti, S.D., Pinnavaia, T.J. (2004) Lamellar mesostructured silicas with chemically significant hierarchical morphologies [J]. Advanced Functional Materials,14,507-512.
Kaufman, P.B., Bigelow, W.C., Schmid, R., Ghosheh, N.S. (1971) Electron microprobe analysis of silica in epidermal cells of Equisetum[J]. American Journal of Botany,58,309-316.
Kaufman, P.B., Dayanandan, P., Franklin, C.I., Takeoka, Y. (1985) Structure and function of silica bodies in the epidermal system of grass shoots [J]. Annals of Botany,55,487-507.
Kauss, H., Seehaus, K., Franke, R., Gilbert, S., Dietrich, R.A., Kroger, N. (2003) Silica deposition by a strongly cationic proline-rich protein from systemically resistant cucumber plants[J]. The Plant Journal,33,87-95.
Kim, S., Zhang, W., Pinnavaia, T. (1998) Ultrastable mesostructured silica vesicles[J]. Science,282,1302-1305.
Kim, S.S., Pauly, T.R., Pinnavaia, T.J. (2000) Non-ionic surfactant assembly of wormhole silica molecular sieves from water soluble silicates[J]. Chemical Communications,835-836.
Kinrade, S.D., Del Nin, J.W., Schach, A.S., Sloan, T.A., Wilson, K.L., Knight, C.T. (1999) Stable five- and six-coordinated silicate anions in aqueous solution[J]. Science,285,1542-1545.
Kinrade, S.D., Gillson, A.M.E., Knight, C.T.G. (2002) Silicon-29NMR evidence of a transient hexavalent silicon complex in the diatom Navicula pelliculosa[J]. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions,307-309.
Kinrade, S.D., Hamilton, R.J., Schach, A.S., Knight, C.T.G. (2001) Aqueous hypervalent silicon complexes with aliphatic sugar acids[J]. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions,961-963.
Kisailus, D., Choi, J.H., Weaver, J.C., Yang, W., Morse, D.E. (2005) Enzymatic synthesis and nanostructural control of gallium oxide at low temperature[J]. Advanced Materials,17,314-318.
Klinowski, J., Cheng, C., Sanz, J., Rojo, J., Mackay, A. (1998) Structural studies of tabasheer, an opal of plant origin[J]. Philosophical Magazine A,77,201-216.
Konno, Y., Naito, N., Yoshimura, A., Aramaki, K. (2010) Phase behavior and hydrated solid structure in lysophospholipid/long-chain alcohol/water system and effect of cholesterol addition[J]. Journal of Oleo Science,59,581-587.
Kooistra, W.H.C.F., De Stefano, M., Mann, D.G., Medlin, L.K. (2003) The phylogeny of diatoms[J]. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology,33,59-97.
Kooistra, W.H.C.F., Medlin, L.K. (1996) Evolution of the diatoms (Bacillariophyta).4. Reconstruction of their age from small subunit rRNA coding regions and the fossil record[J]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,6,391-407.
Kosuge, K., Murakami, T., Kikukawa, N., Takemori, M. (2003) Direct Synthesis of Porous Pure and Thiol-Functional Silica Spheres through the S+X-I+Assembly Pathway[J]. Chemistry of Materials,15,3184-3189.
Krasko, A., Lorenz, B., Batel, R., Schroder, H.C., Muller, I.M., Miiller, W.E.G. (2000) Expression of silicatein and collagen genes in the marine sponge Suberites domuncula is controlled by silicate and myotrophin[J]. European Journal of Biochemistry,267,4878-4887.
Kresge, C.T., Leonovicz, M.E., Roth, W.J., Vartuli, J.C., Beck, J.S. (1992) Ordered mesoporous molecular sieves synthesized by a liquid-crystal template mechanism[J]. Nature,359,710-712.
Kroger, N. (2007) Prescribing diatom morphology:toward genetic engineering of biological nanomaterials[J]. Current Opinion in Chemical Biology,11,662-669.
Kroger, N., Bergsdorf, C., Sumper, M. (1994) A new calcium-binding glycoprotein family constitutes a major diatom cell wall component [J]. EMBO Journal,13, 4676-4683.
Kroger, N., Bergsdorf, C., Sumper, M. (1996) Frustulins:domain conservation in a protein family associated with diatom cell walls [J]. European Journal of Biochemistry,239,259-264.
Kroger, N., Deutzmann, R., Bergsdorf, C., Sumper, M. (2000) Species-specific polyamines from diatoms control silica morphology[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA,97,14133-14138.
Kroger, N., Deutzmann, R., Sumper, M. (1999) Polycationic peptides from diatom biosilica that direct silica nanosphere formation[J]. Science,286,1129-1132.
Kroger, N., Deutzmann, R.. Sumper, M. (2001) Silica-precipitating peptides from diatoms. The chemical structure of silaffin-A from Cylindrotheca fusiformis[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry,276,26066-26070.
Kroger, N., Lehmann, G, Rachel, R., Sumper, M. (1997) Characterization of a 200-kDa diatom protein that is specifically associated with a silica-based substructure of the cell wall[J]. European Journal of Biochemistry,250,99-105.
Kroger, N., Lorenz, S., Brunner, E., Sumper, M. (2002) Self-assembly of highly phosphorylated silaffins and their function in biosilica morphogenesis [J]. Science,298,584-586.
Kroger, N., Poulsen, N. (2008) Diatoms-From cell wall biogenesis to nanotechnology[J]. Annual Review of Genetics,42,83-107.
Kroger, N., Sumper, M. (2004) The Molecular Basis of Diatom Biosilica Formation. In Biomineralization:Progress in Biology, Molecular Biology and Application [M]. Berlin:Wiley-VCH.135-158.
Kruk, M., Jaroniec, M. (2001) Gas adsorption characterization of ordered organic-inorganic nanocomposite materials [J]. Chemistry of Materials,13, 3169-3183.
Kruse, M., Leys, S.P., Muller, I.M., Muller, W.E.G. (1998) Phylogenetic position of Hexactinellida within the phylum Porifera based on amino acid sequence of the protein kinase C from Rhabdocalyptus dawsoni[J]. Journal of Molecular Evolution,46,721-728.
Kusari, U., Bao, Z., Cai, Y, Ahmad, G, Sandhage, K.H., Sneddon, L.G. (2007) Formation of nanostructured, nanocrystalline boron nitride microparticles with diatom-derived 3-D shapes[J]. Chemical Communications,1177-1179.
Lambert, J.B., Lu, G., Singer, S.R., Kolb, V.M. (2004) Silicate complexes of sugars in aqueous solution[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,126,9611-9625.
Lanning, F.C., Eleuterius, L.N. (1985) Silica and ash in tissues of some plants growing in the coastal areas of Mississippi, USA[J]. Annals of Botany,56, 157-172.
Lanning, F.C., Ponnaiya, B.W.X., Crumpton, C.F. (1958) The chemical nature of silica in plants[J]. Plant Physiology,33,339-343.
Larcher, W., Meindl, U., Ralser, E., Ishikawa, M. (1991) Persistent Supercooling and Silica Deposition in Cell Walls of Palm Leaves[J]. Journal of Plant Physiology, 139,146-154.
Lee, J.S., Park, J.H., Han, K.S. (2000) Effects of potassium silicate on growth, photosynthesis and inorganic ion absorption in cucumber hydroponics [J]. Journal of the Korean Society of Horticultural Science,41,480-484.
Leng, M.J., Swann, G.E.A., Hodson, M.J., Tyler, J.J., Patwardhan, S.V., Sloane, H.J. (2009) The potential use of silicon isotope composition of biogenic silica as a proxy for environmental change[J]. Silicon,1,65-11.
Lewin, J.C. (1961) The dissolution of silica from diatom cell walls[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,21,182-189.
Li, J., Xu, Y., Wu, D., Sun, Y. (2004) Hydrothermal synthesis of novel sandwich-like structured ZnS/octylamine hybrid nanosheets[J]. Solid State Communications, 130,619-622.
Li, M., Xue, J. (2011) Facile route to synthesize polyurethane hollow microspheres with size-tunable single holes[J]. Langmuir,27,3229-3232.
Li, Y.H., Xu, C.L., Wei, B.Q., Zhang, X.F., Zheng, MX, Wu, D.H., Ajayan, P.M. (2002) Self-organized ribbons of aligned carbon nanotubes[J]. Chemistry of Materials,14,483-485.
Liang, Y.C., Shen, Q., Shen, Z., Ma, T. (1996) Effects of silicon on salinity tolerance of two barley cultivars[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition,19,173-183.
Lin, H.P., Mou, C.Y. (1996) "Tubules-within-a-tubule" hierarchical order of mesoporous molecular sieves in MCM-41[J]. Science,273,765-768.
Lin, H.Y., Chen, Y.W. (2005) Preparation of spherical hexagonal mesoporous silica[J]. Journal of Porous Materials,12,95-105.
Lin, Y.Y., Qiao, Y, Gao, C., Tang, P.F., Liu, Y, Li, Z.B., Yan, Y, Huang, J.B. (2010) Tunable One-Dimensional Helical Nanostructures:From Supramolecular Self-Assemblies to Silica Nanomaterials[J]. Chemistry of Materials,22, 6711-6717.
Lipowaky, R., Sackmann, E. (1995) Structure and dynamics of membranes[M]. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.1052 pp.
Liu, B., Zhang, C.L., Liu, J.G, Qu, X.Z., Yang, Z.Z. (2009b) Janus non-spherical colloids by asymmetric wet-etching[J]. Chemical Communications,3871-3873.
Liu, J., Wang, B., Hartono, S.B., Liu, T., Kantharidis, P., Middelberg, A.P., Lu, G.Q., He, L., Qiao, S.Z. (2012) Magnetic silica spheres with large nanopores for nucleic acid adsorption and cellular uptake[J]. Biomaterials,33,970-978.
Liu, J., Yang, Q. H., Zhang, L., Jiang, D. M., Shi, X., Zhong, H., Li, C. (2007) Thioether-bridged Mesoporous Organosilicas:Mesophase Transformations Induced by the Bridged Organosilane Precursor[J]. Advanced Functional Materials,17,569-576.
Liu, S., Rao, J.C., Sui, X., Cool, P., Vansant, E.F., Van Tendeloo, G, Cheng, X. (2008) Preparation of hollow silica spheres with different mesostructures[J]. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,354,826-830.
Liu, X.B., Sun, H., Chen, Y, Yang, Y.H., Borgna, A. (2009a) Preparation of spherical large-particle MCM-41 with a broad particle-size distribution by a modified pseudomorphic transformation[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,121, 73-78.
Livage, J., Coradin, T. (2006) Living Cells in Oxide Glasses[J]. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry,64,315-332.
Losic, D., Mitchell, J.G, Voelcker, N.H. (2009) Diatomaceous lessons in nanotechnology and advanced materials[J]. Advanced Materials,21,2947-2958.
Lowenstam, H.A. (1981) Minerals formed by organisms[J]. Science,211,1126-1131.
Lowenstam, H.A., Weiner, S. (1989) On Biomineralization[M]. Oxford:Oxford Univ. Press.
Lu, Q.F., Chen, D.R., Jiao, X.L. (2005) Fabrication of mesoporous silica microtubules through the self-assembly behavior of beta-cyclodextrin and Triton X-100 in aqueous solution[J]. Chemistry of Materials,17,4168-4173.
Lutz, K., Groger, C., Sumper, M., Brunner, E. (2005) Biomimetic silica formation: analysis of the phosphate-induced self-assembly of polyamines[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics,7,2812-2815.
Ma, J.F. (2003) Functions of silicon in higher plants[J]. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology,33,127-147.
Ma, J.F., Goto, S., Tamai. K., Ichii, M. (2001a) Role of root hairs and lateral roots in silicon up take by rice plant[J]. Plant Physiology,127,1773-1780.
Ma, J.F., Miyake, Y, Takahashi, E. (2001b) Silicon as a beneficial element for crop plants[A]. Studies in Plant Science,8,17-39.
Ma, J.F., Sasaki, M., Matsumoto, K. (1997) Al-induced inhibition of root elongation in corn, Zea mays L. is overcome by Si addition[J]. Plant Soil,188,171-176.
Ma, J.F., Takahashi E. (1990) Effect of silicon on the growth and phosphorus uptake of rice[J]. Plant Soil,126,115-119.
Ma, J.F., Takahashi E. (2002) Soil, fertilizer, and plant silicon research in Japan[M]. Amsterdam:Elsevier Science.
Ma, J.F., Tamai, K., Yamaji, N., Mitani, N., Konishi, S., Katsuhara, M., Ishiguro, M., Murata, Y., Yano, M. (2006) A silicon transporter in rice[J]. Nature,440, 688-691.
Ma, J.F., Yamaji, N. (2006) Silicon uptake and accumulation in higher plants[J]. Trends in Plant Science,11,392-397.
Ma, J.F., Yamaji, N., Mitani, N., Tamai, K., Konishi, S., Fujiwara, T., Katsuhara, M., Yano, M. (2007) An efflux transporter of silicon in rice[J]. Nature,448,209-212.
Mann, S. (1993) Molecular tectonics in biomineralization and biomimetic materials chemistry[J]. Nature,365,499-505.
Mann, S. (2001) Biomineralization:Principles and concepts in bioinorganic materials chemistry (Oxford Chemistry Masters)[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press. 210 p.
Mann, S., Ozin, G.A. (1996) Synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form[J]. Nature,382,313-318.
Mann, S., Perry, C.C. (1986) Structural aspects of biogenic silica[J]. Ciba Foundation Symposium,121,40-58.
Marschner, H. (1995) Mineral nutrition of higher plants[M].2nd ed. San Diego: Academic Press.
Martin-Jezequel, V., Hildebrand, M., Brzezinski, M.A. (2000) Silicon metabolism in diatoms:implications for growth[J]. Journal of Phycology,36,821-840.
Marumo, Y. (1986) Morphological analysis of opal phytoliths for soil discrimination in forensic science investigations[J]. Journal of Forensic Sciences,31, 1039-1049.
Masuda, Y, Itoh, M., Yonezawa, T., Koumoto, K. (2002) Low-dimensional arrangement of SiO2 particles[J]. Langmuir,18,4155-4159.
Matsukizono, H., Jin, R.H. (2012) High-Temperature-Resistant Chiral Silica Generated on Chiral Crystalline Templates at Neutral pH and Ambient Conditions [J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,51,5862-5865.
Matsunaga, S., Sakai, R., Jimbo, M., Kamiya, H. (2007) Long-chain polyamines (LCPAs) from marine sponge:Possible implication in spicule formation[J]. ChemBioChem,8,1729-1735.
Meegan, J.E., Aggeli, A., Boden, N., Brydson, R., Brown, A.P., Carrick, L., Brough, A.R., Hussain, A., Ansell, R.J. (2004) Designed self-assembled beta-sheet peptide fibrils as templates for silica nanotubes[J]. Advanced Functional Materials,14,31-37.
Meldrum, F.C., Colfen, H. (2008) Controlling mineral morphologies and structures in biological and synthetic systems[J]. Chemical Reviews,108,4332-4432.
Michaux, F., Carteret, C., Stebe,M.J., Blin, J.L. (2004) A facile approach to load CdSe nanocrystallites into mesoporous SBA-15[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics,88,192-196.
Michaux, F., Carteret, C., Stebe, M.J., Blin, J.L. (2008) Hydrothermal stability of mesostructured silica prepared using a nonionic fluorinated surfactant[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,116,308-317.
Milligan, A.J., Morel, F.M.M. (2002) A proton buffering role for silica in diatoms[J]. Science,297,1848-1850.
Minami, H., Kobayashi, H., Okubo, M. (2005) Preparation of hollow polymer particles with a single hole in the shell by SaPSeP[J]. Langmuir,21,5655-5658.
Minchin, E.A. (1909) Sponge-spicules:a summary of present knowledge[J]. Ergebnisse und Fortschritte der Zoologie,2,171-274.
Mitani, N., Chiba, Y., Yamaji, N. (2009a) Identification and characterization of maize and barley Lsi2-like silicon efflux transporters reveals a distinct silicon uptake system from that in rice[J]. The Plant Cell,21,2133-2142.
Mitani, N., Ma, J.F. (2005) Uptake system of silicon in different plant species[J]. Journal of Experimental Biology,56,1255-1261.
Mitani, N., Ma, J.F., Iwashita, T. (2005) Identification of the silicon form in xylem sap of rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology,46,279-283.
Mitani, N., Yamaji, N., Ma, J.F. (2009b) Identification of maize silicon influx transporters[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology,50,5-12.
Mitzutani, T., Nagase, H., Fujiwara, N., Ogoshi, H. (1998) Silicic acid polymerization catalyzed by amines and polyamines[J]. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan,71,2017-2022.
Miyaji, F., Davis, S.A., Charmant, J.P.H., Mann, S. (1999) Organic Crystal Templating of Hollow Silica Fibers[J]. Chemistry of Materials,11,3021-3024.
Moller, R., Csaki, A., Kohler, J. M., Fritzsche, W. (2001) Electrical Classification of the Concentration of Bioconjugated Metal Colloids after Surface Adsorption and Silver Enhancement [J]. Langmuir,17,5426-5430.
Montsant, A., Jabbari, K., Maheswari, U., Bowler, C. (2005) Comparative genomics of the pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum[J].Plant Physiology,137, 500-513.
Morse, D.E. (1999) Silicon biotechnology:harnessing biological silica production to construct new materials[J]. Trends in Biotechnology,17,230-232.
Morse, D.E. (2000) Silicon biotechnology:proteins, genes and molecular mechanisms controlling biosilica nanofabrication offer new routes to polysiloxane synthesis[M]. In:Auner, N., Weis, J. (Eds.), Organosilicon Chemistry IV:From Molecules to Materials. Wiley-VCH, New York, pp.5-16.
Motomura, H., Fujii, T., Suzuki, M. (2004) Silica deposition in relation to aging of leaf tissues in Sasa veitchii (Carriere) Rehder (Poaceae:Bambusoideae)[J]. Annals of Botany,93,235-248.
Moussa, H.R. (2006) Influence of exogenous application of silicon on physiological response of salt stressed maize (Zea mays L.)[J]. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology,8,293-297.
Mulholland, S.C., Lawlor, E.J., Rovner, I. (1992) Annotated bibliography of phytolith systematics[M]. In:Rapp Jr., G. and Mulholland, S. C.(eds.), Phytolith Systematics, Plenum Press, New York, pp.277-322.
Mulholland, S.C., Rapp Jr., G. (1992) Phytolith systematics:an introduction[M], pp. 1-13. In:Rapp Jr., G. and Mulholland, S. C. (eds.), Phytolith Systematics, Plenum Press, New York.
Miiller, W.E.G. (1995) Molecular phylogeny of Metazoa (Animals):monophyletic origin[J]. Naturwissenschaften,82,321-329.
Muller, W.E.G. (1998a) Molecular phylogeny of Eumetazoa:genes in sponges (Porifera) give evidence for monophyly of animals [J]. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology,19,89-132.
Muller, W.E.G. (1998b) Origin of Metazoa:Sponges as living fossils[J]. Naturwissenschaften,85,11-25.
Muller, W.E.G. (2001) How was the metazoan threshold crossed:the hypothetical Urmetazoa[J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology:Part A,129,433-460.
Muller, W.E.G. (2003) Silicon Biomineralization[M]. Springer, Berlin.
Muller, W.E.G., Belikov, S.I., Tremel, W., Perry, C.C., Gieskes, W.W.C., Boreiko, A., Schroder, H.C. (2006a) Siliceous spicules in marine demosponges (example Suberites domuncula)[J]. Micron,37,107-120.
Muller, W.E.G., Kaluzhnaya, O.V., Belikov, S.I., Rothenberger, M., Schroder, H.C., Reiber, A., Kaandorp, J.A., Manz, B., Mietchen, D., Volke, F. (2006b) Magnetic resonance imaging of the siliceous skeleton of the demosponge Lubomirskia baicalensis[J]. Journal of Structural Biology,153,31-41.
Muller, W.E.G, Krasko, A., Le Pennec, G, Steffen, R., Ammar, M.S.A., Wiens, M., Muller, I.M., Schroder, H.C. (2003) Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology,33,122-195.
Muller, W.E.G., Rothenberger, M., Boreiko, A., Tremel, W., Reiber, A., Schroder, H.C. (2005a) Formation of siliceous spicules in the marine demosponge Suberites domuncula[J]. Cell and Tissue Research,321,285-297.
Muller, W.E.G., Schroder, H.C., Krasko, A.N. (2005b) In vitro or in vivo degradation or synthesis of silicon dioxide and silicones, useful e.g. for treating silicosis or to prepare prosthetic materials, using a new silicase enzyme[P]. German Patent, 10246186.
Muller, W.E.G., Schroder, H.C., Lorenz, B., Krasko, A. (2004) Silicatein-mediated synthesis of amorphous silicates and siloxanes and use thereof[P]. European Patent, No. EP1320624.
Muller, W.E.G., Wang, X., Belikov, S.I., Tremel, W., SchloBmacher, U., Natoli, A., Brandt, D., Boreiko, A., Tahir, M.N., Muller, I.M., Schroder, H.C. (2007) Biological aspects and structure formation[M]. In:Bauerlein E (ed) Handbook of biomineralization, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 59-82.
Muller, W.E.G., Wang, X., Cui, F.Z., Jochum, K.P., Tremel, W., Bill, J., Schroder, H.C., Natalio, F., SchloBmacher, U., Wiens, M. (2009) Sponge spicules as blueprints for the biofabrication of inorganic-organic composites and biomaterials[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,83,397-413.
Muller, W.E.G., Wendt, K., Geppert, C., Wiens, M., Reiber, A., Schroder, H.C. (2006c) Novel photoreception system in sponges?:Unique transmission properties of the stalk spicules from the hexactinellid Hyalonemasieboldi[J]. Biosensors and Bioelectronics,21,1149-1155.
Murr, M.M., Morse, D.E. (2005) Fractal intermediates in the self-assembly of silicatein filaments[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 102,11657-11662.
Nakajima, T., Volcani, B.E. (1969) 3,4-Dihydroxyproline:A New Amino Acid in Diatom Cell Walls[J]. Science,164,1400-1401.
Nakajima, T., Volcani, B.E. (1970) ε-N-trimethyl-L-δ-hydroxylysine phosphate and its nonphosphorylated compound in diatom cell walls[J]. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,39,28-33.
Nakamura, H., Matsui, Y. (1995) Silica gel nanotubes obtained by the sol-gel method[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,117,2651-2652.
Nassif, N., Livage, J. (2011) From diatoms to silica-based biohybrids[J]. Chemical Society Reviews,40,849-859.
Nelson, D.M., Treguer, P., Brzezinski, M.A., Leynaert, A., Queguiner, B. (1995) Production and dissolution of biogenic silica in the ocean:revised global estimates, comparison with regional data and relationship to biogenic sedimentation[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,9,359-372.
Neumann, D., Lichtenberger, O., Schwieger, W., zur Nieden, U. (1997) Silicon storage in selected dicotyledons [J]. Botanica Acta,110,282-290.
Neumann, D., zur Nieden, U. (2001) Silicon and heavy metal tolerance of higher plants[J]. Phytochemistry,56,685-692.
Newman, R. (1983) Asbestos-like fibers of biogenic silica in sugar cane[J]. Lancet, 332,857.
Nimer, N.A., Ling, M.X., Brownlee, C., Merrett, M.J. (1999) Inorganic Carbon limitation, exofacial carbonic anhydrase activity, and plasma membrane redox activity in marine phyroplankton species [J]. Journal of Phycology,35, 1200-1205.
Nishimura, K., Miyaki, Y., Takahashi, E. (1989) On silicon, aluminium, and zinc accumulators discriminated from 147 species of Angiospermae[J]. Memoirs of the College of Agriculture, Kyoto University,133,23-43.
Noll, F., Sumper, M., Hampp, N. (2002) Nanostructure of diatom silica surfaces and of biomimetic analogues[J]. Nano Letters,2,91-95.
Ocuda, A., Takanashi, E. (1964) The role of silican [A]. In:The mineral nutrition of the rice plant. Baltimore, Md:The Johns Hopkins Press, p 123-146.
Ohkubo, T., Ogura, T., Sakai, H., Abe, M. (2007) Synthesis of highly-ordered mesoporous silica particles using mixed cationic and anionic surfactants as templates[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,312,42-46.
Oliver, S., Kupermann, A., Coombs, N., Lough, A., Ozin, G.A. (1995) Lamellar alumino-phosphates with surface patterns that mimic diatom and radiolarian microskeletons[J]. Nature,378,47-50.
O'Neill, C.H., Hodges, G, Riddle, P., Jordan, P., Newman, R., Flood, R., Toulson, E. (1980) A fine fibrous silica contaminant of flour in the high oesophageal cancer area of northeast Iran[J]. International Journal of Cancer,26,617-628.
O'Neill, C.H., Jordan, P., Bhatt, T., Newman, R. (1986) Silica and oesophageal cancer[M]. pp.214-230. In:Evered, D. and O'Connor, M.(eds.), Silicon Biochemistry, Ciba Found. Syrup.121, Wiley, Chichester, U. K.
Palsdottir, H., Hunte, C. (2004) Lipids in membrane protein structures[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta,1666,2-18.
Park, B.J., Furst, E.M. (2010) Fabrication of unusual asymmetric colloids at an oil-water interface[J]. Langmuir,26,10406-10410.
Park, I., Pinnavaia, T.J. (2009) Large-pore mesoporous silica with three-dimensional wormhole framework structures[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,118, 239-244.
Parry, D.W., Hodson, M.J., Newman, R.H. (1985) The distribution of silicon deposits in the fronds of Pteridium aquilinum L[J]. Annals of Botany,55,77-83.
Parry, D.W., Hodson, M.J., Sangster, A.G (1984) Some recent advances in studies of silicon in higher plants[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences,304,537-549.
Parry, D.W., O'Neill, C.H., Hodson, M.J. (1986) Opaline silica deposits in the leaves of Bidens pilosa and their possible significance in cancer[J]. Annals of Botany, 58,641-647.
Patwardhan, S.V. (2011) Biomimetic and bioinspired silica:recent developments and applications[J]. Chemical Communications,47,7567-7582.
Patwardhan, S.V., Clarson, S.J., Perry, C.C. (2005) On the role(s) of additives in bioinspired silicification[J]. Chemical Communications,1113-1121.
Patwardhan, S.V., Maheshwari, R., Mukherjee, N., Kiick, K.L., Clarson, S.J. (2006) Conformation and Assembly of Polypeptide Scaffolds in Templating the Synthesis of Silica:An Example of a Polylysine Macromolecular "Switch"[J]. Biomacromolecules,7,491-497.
Patwardhan, S.V., Mukherjee, N., Steinitz-Kannan, M., Clarson, S.J. (2003) Bioinspired synthesis of new silica structures[J]. Chemical Communications, 1122-1123.
Pauly, T.R., Pinnavaia, T.J. (2001) Pore Size Modification of Mesoporous HMS Molecular Sieve Silicas with Wormhole Framework Structures [J]. Chemistry of Materials,13,987-993.
Perovic-Ottstadt, S., Wiens, M., Schroder, H.C., Batel, R., Giovine, M., Krasko, A., Muller, I.M., Miiller, W.E.G. (2005) Arginine kinase in the demosponge Suberites domuncula:regulation of its expression and catalytic activity by silicic acid[J]. Journal of Experimental Biology,208,637-646.
Perry, C.C. (1989) Chemical and Biochemical Perspectives, in Biomineralisation[M]. ed. S. Mann, J. Webb and R. J. P. Williams, VCH, pp.223-257.
Perry, C.C. (2003) Silica Formation in Sponges[M]. In:Dove, P.M., De Yoreo, J.J., Weiner, S., eds. Biomineralization. Washington:The Mineralogical Society of America, pp,291-304.
Perry, C.C., Belton, D., Shafran, K. (2003) Studies of biosilicas, structural aspects, chemical principles, model studies and the future[J]. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology,33,269-299.
Perry, C.C., Fraser, M.A. (1991) Silica deposition and ultrastructure in the cell wall of Equisetum arvense:the importance of cell wall structures and flow control in biosilicification[J]? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B, 334,149-157.
Perry, C.C., Keeling-Tucker, T. (1998) Crystalline silica prepared at room temperature from aqueous solution in the presence of intrasilica bioextracts[J]. Chemical Communications,2587-2588.
Perry, C.C., Keeling-Tucker, T. (2000) Biosilicification:the role of the organic matrix in structure control[J]. Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry,5,537-550.
Perry, C.C., Keeling-Tucker, T. (2003) Model studies of colloidal silica precipitation using biosilica extracts from Equisetum telmatia[J]. Colloid and Polymer Science, 281,652-664.
Perry, C.C., Lu, Y. (1992) Preparation of silicas from silicon complexes:role of cellulose in polymerisation and aggregation control [J]. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions,88,2915-2921.
Perry, C.C., Mann, S., Williams, R.J.P. (1984) Structural and analytical studies of the silicified macrohairs from the lemma of the grass Phalaris canariensis L[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B,222,427-438.
Piperno, D. (1988) Phytolith Analysis:An Archaeological and Geological Perspectives[M]. New York:Academic Press.
Poulsen, N., Kroger, N. (2004) Silica morphogenesis by alternative processing of silaffins in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry,279,42993-42999.
Poulsen, N., Sumper, M, Kroger, N. (2003) Biosilica formation in diatoms: characterization of native silaffin-2 and its role in silica morphogenesis [J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA,100,12075-12080.
Pozzolini, M., Sturla, L., Cerrano, C., Bavestrello, G., Camardella, L., Parodi, A.M., Raheli, F., Benatti, U., Muller, W.E.G., Giovine, M. (2004) Molecular cloning of silicatein gene from marine sponge Petrosia ficiformis (Porifera, Demospongiae) and development of primmorphs as a model for biosilicification studies[J]. Marine Biotechnology,6,594-603.
Qu, X.F., Yao, Q.Z., Zhou, G.T., Fu, S.Q., Huang, J.L. (2010) Formation of Hollow Magnetite Microspheres and Their Evolution into Durian-like Architectures [J]. Journal of Physical Chemistry C,114,8734-8740.
Radu, D.R., Lai, C.Y., Huang, J.G, Shu, X., Lin, V.S.-Y. (2005) Fine-tuning the degree of organic functionalization of mesoporous silica nanosphere materials via an interfacially designed co-condensation method[J]. Chemical Communications,1264-1266.
Rafi, M.M., Epstein, E., Falk, R.H. (1997) Silicon deprivation causes physical abnormalities in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)[J]. Journal of Plant Physiology, 151,497-501.
Rahman, M., Kawamura, K., Koyama, H., Hara, T. (1998) Varietal differences in the growth of rice plants in response to aluminum and silicon[J]. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,44,423-431.
Ramanathan, R., Campbell, J.L., Soni, S.K., Bhargava, S.K., Bansal, V. (2011) Cationic amino acids specific biomimetic silicification in ionic liquid:a quest to understand the formation of 3-D structures in diatoms[J]. PLoS One,6, e17707.
Rampen, S.W., Schouten, S., Hopmans, E.C., Abbas, B., Noordeloos, A.A.M., van Bleijswijk, J.D.L., Geenevasen, J.A.J., Sinninghe, D.J.S. (2009) Diatoms as a source for 4-desmethyl-23,24-dimethyl steroids in sediments and petroleum[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,73,377-387.
Raven, J.A. (1983) The transport and function of silicon in plants[J]. Biological Reviews,58,179-207.
Reimann, B.E.F., Lewin, J.C., Volcani, B.E. (1965) Studies on the biochemistry and fine structure of silica shell formation in diatoms. I. The Structure of the Cell Wall of Cylindrotheca fusiformis[J]. Journal of Cell Biology,24,39-55.
Reiswig, H.M., Mackie, G.O. (1983) Studies on Hexactinellid sponges. III. The taxonomic status of Hexactinellida within the porifera[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society,301,419-428.
Repo, E., Warchol, J.K., Bhatnagar, A., Sillanpaa, M. (2011) Heavy metals adsorption by novel EDTA-modified chitosan-silica hybrid materials[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,358,261-267.
Rodrigues, F.A., Benhamou, N., Datnoff, L.E., Jones, J.B., Belanger, R.R. (2003) Ultrastructural and cytochemical aspects of silicon-mediated rice blast resistance[J]. Phytopathology,93,535-546.
Rodriguez, F., Glawe D.D., Naik, R.R., Hallinan, K.P., Stone, M.O. (2004) Study of the chemical and physical influences upon in vitro peptide-mediated silica formation[J]. Biomacromolecules,5,261-265.
Rogerson, A., Defreitas, A.S.W., Mcinnes, A.G. (1986) Observations on wall morphogenesis in Coscinodiscus asteromphalus (Bacillariophyceae)[J]. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society,105,59-67.
Round, F.E., Crawford, R.M., Mann, D.G. (1990) The Diatoms:Biology & Morphology of the Genera[M]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Rovner, I., Russ, J.C. (1992) Darwin and design in phytolith systematics[M]. In:Rapp Jr., G. and Mulholland, S. C. (eds.), Phytolith Systematics, Plenum Press, New York, pp.253-276.
Rycenga, M., Camargo, P.H.C., Xia, Y. (2009) Template-assisted self-assembly:a versatile approach to complex micro- and nanostructures[J]. Soft Matter,5, 1129-1136.
Sadasivan, S., Khushalani, D., Mann, S. (2005) Synthesis of calcium phosphate nanofilaments in reverse micelles[J]. Chemistry of Materials,17,2765-2770.
Sakai, W.S., Thorn, M. (1979) Localization of silicon and specific cell wall layers of the stomatal apparatus of sugar cane by use of energy dispersive X-ray analysis[J]. Annals of Botany,44,245-248.
Sandford, F. (2003) Physical and chemical analysis of the siliceous skeleton in six sponges of two groups (Demospongiae and Hexactinellida)[J]. Microscopy Research and Technique,62,336-355.
Sangster, A.G, Hodson, M.J. (2001) Silicon and aluminium codeposition in the cell wall phytoliths of gymnosperm leaves[M]. In:Meunier, J. D., Colin, F., and Faure-Denard, L. (eds.), The Phytoliths. Applications in Earth Science and Human History, Taylor & Francis.
Sangster, A.G. (1978) Silicon in the roots of higher plants[J]. American Journal of Botany,65,929-935.
Sangster, A.G, Hodson, M.J. (1986) Silica in higher plants[M]. Evered D, eds. Silicon biochemistry. New York:John Wiley and Sons, p 90-111.
Saunders, GW., Potrert, D., Paskind, M.P., Andersen, R.A. (1995) Cladistic analyses of combined traditional and molecular data sets reveal an algal lineage[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA,92,244-248.
Savant, N.K., Korndorfer, GH., Datnoff, L.E., Snyder, G.H. (1999) Silicon nutrition and sugarcane production a review[J], Journal of Plant Nutrition,22,1853-1903.
Savant, N.K., Snyder, G.H., Dantnoff, L.E. (1997) Silicon management and sustainable rice production[J]. Advances in Agronomy,58,151-199.
Sayari, A., Kruk, M., Jaroniec, M., Moudrakovski, I.L. (1998) New Approaches to Pore Size Engineering of Mesoporous Silicates[J]. Advanced Materials,10, 1376-1379.
Schmid, A.M.M., Schulz, D. (1979) Wall Morphogenesis in Diatoms:Deposition of Silica by Cytoplasmic Vesicles[J]. Protoplasma,100,267-288.
Schmid, A.M.M., Volcani, B.E. (1983) Wall morphogenesis in Coscinodiscus wailesii Gran and Angst. I. Valve morphology and development of its architecture[J]. Journal of Phycology,19,387-402.
Schroder, H.C., Boreiko, A., Korzhev, M., Tahir, M.N., Tremel, W., Eckert, C., Ushijima, H., Muller, I.M., Muller, W.E.G. (2006) Co-expression and functional interaction of silicatein with galectin:matrix-guided formation of siliceous spicules in the marine demosponge Suberites domuncula[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry,281,12001-12009.
Schroder, H.C., Natalio, F., Shukoor, I., Tremel, W., SchloBmacher, U., Wang, X.H., Muller, W.E.G. (2007) Apposition of silica lamellae during growth of spicules in the demosponge Suberites domuncula:biological/biochemical studies and chemical/biomimetical confirmation [J]. Journal of Structural Biology,159, 325-334.
Schroder, H.C., Perovic-Ottstadt, S., Rothenberger, M., Wiens, M., Schwertner, H., Batel, R., Korzhev, M., Muller, I.M., Muller, W.E.G. (2004) Silica transport in the demosponge Suberites domuncula:fluorescence emission analysis using the PDMPO probe and cloning of a potential transporter [J]. Biochemical Journal, 381,665-673.
Schroder, H.C., Wang, X., Tremel, W., Ushijimad, H., Muller, W.E.G. (2008) Biofabrication of biosilica-glass by living organisms[J]. Natural Product Reports, 25,455-474.
Schroder, H.C., Wiens, M., SchloBmacher, U., Brandt, D., Muller W.E.G. (2012) Silicatein-mediated polycondensation of orthosilicic acid:Modeling of a catalytic mechanism involving ring formation[J]. Silicon,4,33-38.
Schultze, M. (1860) Die Hyalonemen[M]. Bonn:bei Adolph Marcus.
Schulze, F.E. (1887) The Hexactinellida [M]. In Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873-1876, under the Command of Captain George S. Nares, R.N., F.R.S. and the late Captain Frank Tourle Thomson, R.N. Narrative (Tizard TH, Moseley HN, Buchanan JY & Murray J, eds), Vol. I, pp.437-451. Longmans & Co., London.
Schwab, D.W., Shore, R.E. (1971) Fine structure and composition of a siliceous sponge spicule[J]. The Biological Bulletin,140,125-136.
Seddon, A.M., Patel, H.M., Burkett, S.L., Mann, S. (2002) Chiral templating of silica-lipid lamellar mesophase with helical tubular architecture [J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,41,2988-2991.
Sekiya, R., Nishikiori, S. (2011) Structural Extension from an Isonicotinic Acid Dimer to 4-(4-Pyridyl)benzoic Acid (pybenH) Dimer:X-ray Crystal Structure Analysis and Inclusion Properties of a Hydrogen-Bonded Coordination Polymer [Ni(SCN)2(pybenH)2][J]. Crystal Growth & Design,11,5574-5591.
Seshadri, M., Bennison, S.J., Jagota, A., Saigal, S. (2002) Mechanical response of cracked laminated plates[J]. Acta Materialia,50,4477-4490.
Setaro, A., Lettieri, S., Maddalena, P., De Stefano, L. (2007) Highly sensitive optochemical gas detection by luminescent marine diatoms[J]. Applied Physics Letters,91,051921.
Shan, W., Wang, B., Zhang, Y, Tang, Y. (2005) Fabrication of lotus-leaf-like nanoporous silica flakes with controlled thickness [J]. Chemical Communications, 1877-1879.
Shariatmadaria, H., Mermut, A.R. (1999) Magnesium and silicon-induced phosphate desorp tion in smectite, palygorskite, and sepiolite-calcite systems[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal,63,1167-1173.
Shi, J.Y., Yao, Q.Z., Li, X.M., Zhou, G.T., Fu, S.Q. (2012) Controlled morphogenesis of amorphous silica and its relevance to biosilicification[J]. American Mineralogist,97,1381-1393.
Shi, Q., Bao, Z., Zhu, Z., He., Y, Qian, Q., Yu, J. (2005) Silicon-mediated alleviation of Mn toxicity in Cucumis sativus in relation to activities of superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase[J]. Phytochemistry,66,1551-1559.
Shimizu, K., Cha, J., Stucky, GD., Morse, D.E. (1998) Silicatein alpha:cathepsin L-like protein in sponge biosilica[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA,95,6234-6238.
Shimizu, K., Morse, D.E. (2000) Biological and biomimetic synthesis of silica and other polysiloxanes[M]. In:Baeuerlein, E. (Ed.), Biomineralization:From Biology to Biotechnology and Medical Application. Wiley-VCH, New York, pp. 207-220.
Sigel, A., Sigel, H., Sigel, R.K.O. (Eds.) (2008) Biomineralization:From Nature to Application[M].4. Metal Ions in Life Sciences. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.,700 pp.
Simpson, T.L. (1984) The Cell Biology of Sponges[M]. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Simpson, T.L., Volcani, B.E., (Eds.). (1981) Silicon and Siliceous Structures in Biological Systems[M]. New York:Springer-Verlag.1-587.
Sing, K.S.W., Everett, D.H., Haul, R.A.W., Moscou, L., Pierotti, R.A., Rouquerol, J., Siemieniewska, T. (1985) Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity[J]. Pure and Applied Chemistry,57,603-619.
Smetacek, V. (1999) Diatoms and the ocean carbon cycle[J]. Protist,150,25-32.
Smithson, F. (1956) Silica particles in some British soils[J]. Journal of Soil Science,7, 122-129.
Sommer, M., Kaczorek, D., Kuzyakov, Y, Breuer, J. (2006) Silicon pools and fluxes in soils and landscapes-a review[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 169,310-329.
Soni, S.L., Parry, D.W. (1973) Electron probe microanalysis of silicon deposition in the inflorescence bracts of the rice plant (Oryza sativa)[J]. American Journal of Botany,60,111-116.
Stober, W., Fink, A., Bohn, E. (1968) Controlled growth of monodisperse silica spheres in the micron size range[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,26, 62-69.
Sultemeyer, D. (1998) Carbonic anhydrase in eukaryotic algae:characterization, regulation, and possible function during photosynthesis [J]. Canadian Journal of Botany,76,962-972.
Sumerel, J.L., Morse, D.E. (2003) Biotechnological advances in biosilicification[M]. In:Muller, W.E. (Ed.), Prog. Molec. Subcellular Biol.33:Silicon Biomineralization:Biology-Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Biotechnology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp.225-247.
Sumerel, J.L., Yang, W., Kisailus, D., Weaver, J.C., Choi, J.H., Morse, D.E. (2003) Biocatalytically Templated Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide[J]. Chemistry of Materials,15,4804-4809.
Sumper, M. (2002) A phase separation model for the nanopatterning of diatom biosilica[J]. Science,295,2430-2433.
Sumper, M. (2004) Biomimetic patterning of silica by long-chain polyamines[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,43,2251-2254.
Sumper, M., Brunner, E. (2006) Learning from diatoms:Nature's tools for the production of nanostructured silica[J]. Advanced Functional Materials,16, 17-26.
Sumper, M., Brunner, E., Lehmann, G. (2005) Biomineralization in diatoms: characterization of novel poly-amines associated with silica[J]. FEBS Letters, 579,3765-3769.
Sumper, M., Hett, R., Lehmann, G, Wenzl, S. (2007) A code for lysine modifications of a silica biomineralizing silaffin protein[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,46,8405-8408.
Sumper, M., Kroger, N. (2004) Silica formation in diatoms:the function of long-chain polyamines and silaffins[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,14,2059-2065.
Sumper, M., Lehmann, G. (2006) Silica pattern formation in diatoms:species-specific polyamine biosynthesis [J]. ChemBioChem,7,1419-1427.
Sumper, M., Lorenz, S., Brunner, E. (2003) Biomimetic control of size in the polyamine-directed formation of silica nanospheres[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,42,5192-5195.
Sundar, V.C., Yablon, A.D., Grazul, J.L., Ilan, M., Aizenberg, J. (2003) Fibre-optical features of a glass sponge[J]. Nature,424,899-900.
Tahir, M.N., Eberhardt, M., Therese, H.A., Kolb, U., Theato, P., Muller, W.E.G., Schroder, H.C., Tremel, W. (2006) From Single Molecules to Nanoscopically Structured Functional Materials:Au Nanocrystal Growth on TiO2 Nanowires Controlled by Surface-Bound Silicatein[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,45,4803-4809.
Tahir, M.N., Theato, P., Muller, W.E.G., Schroder, H.C., Borejko, A., Faiβ, S., Janshoff, A., Huth J., Tremel, W. (2005) Formation of layered titania and zirconia catalysed by surface-bound silicatein[J]. Chemical Communications, 5533-5535.
Tahir, M.N., Theato, P., Muller, W.E.G., Schroder, H.C., Janshoff, A., Zhang, J., Huth, J., Tremel, W. (2004) Monitoring the formation of biosilica catalysed by histidin-tagged silicatein[J]. Chemical Communications,2848-2849.
Takahashi, E., Ma, J.F., Miyake Y. (1990) The possibility of silicon as an essential element for higher plants[J]. Comments on Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2, 99-122.
Takai, C., Fuji, M., Fujimoto, K. (2011) Skeletal silica nanoparticles prepared by control of reaction polarity [J]. Chemistry Letters,40,1346-1348.
Tama, I.K., Ma, J.F. (2003) Characterization of silicon uptake by rice roots[J]. New Phytologist,158,431-436.
Tanev, P.T., Pinnavaia, T.J. (1995) A neutral templating route to mesoporous molecular sieves[J]. Science,267,865-867.
Tanev, P.T., Pinnavaia, T.J. (1996) Biomimetic templating of porous lamellar silicas by vesicular surfactant assemblies[J]. Science,271,1267-1269.
Tesson, B., Genet, M.J., Fernandez, V., Degand, S., Rouxhet, P.G., Martin-Jezequel, V. (2009) Surface chemical composition of diatoms[J]. ChemBioChem,10, 2011-2024.
Tesson, B., Masse, S., Laurent, G., Maquet, J., Livage, J., Martin-Jezequel, V., Coradin, T. (2008) Contribution of multi-nuclear solid state NMR to the characterization of the Thalassiosira pseudonana diatom cell wall[J]. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry,390,1889-1898.
Toman, P., Makrlik, E., Vanura, P. (2012) Theoretical study on the complexation of bambus[6]uril with the cyanate and thiocyanate anions[J]. Monatshefte fur Chemie,143,985-988.
Townley, H.E., Parker, A.R., White-Cooper, H. (2008) Exploitation of Diatom Frustules for Nanotechnology:Tethering Active Biomolecules[J]. Advanced Functional Materials,18,369-374.
Trequer, P., Nelson, D.M., Van Bennekom, A.J., Demaster, D.J., Leynaert, A., Queguiner, B. (1995) The silica balance in the world ocean:a re-estimate[J]. Science,268,375-379.
Tubb, H.J., Hodson, M.J., Hodson, G.C. (1993) The inflorescence papillae of the Triticeae:A new tool for taxonomic and archaeological research[J]. Annals of Botany,72,537-545.
Twiss, P.C., Suess, E., Smith, R.M. (1969) Morphological classification of grass phytoliths[J]. Proceedings-Soil Science Society of America,33,109-115.
Uriz, M.J. (2006) Mineral spiculogenesis in sponges[J]. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 84,322-356.
Uriz, M.J., Turon, X., Beccero, M.A. (2000) Silica deposition in Demosponges: spiculogenesis in Crambe crambe[J]. Cell and Tissue Research,301,299-309.
Uriz, M.J., Turon, X., Beccero, M.A. (2003a) Silica deposition in demosponges [J]. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology,2003,33,163-193.
Uriz, M.J., Turon, X., Beccero, M.A., Agell, G. (2003b) Siliceous spicules and skeleton frameworks in sponges:origin, diversity, ultrastructural patterns, and biological functions[J]. Microscopy Research and Technique,62,279-299.
Van Den Hoek C, Mann, D.G., Johns, H.M. (1997) Algae:An Introduction to Phycology[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Venkatathri, N., Srivastava, R., Yun, D.S., Yoo, J.W. (2008) Synthesis of a novel class of mesoporous hollow silica from organic templates[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,112,147-152.
Viana, R.B., da Silva, A.B.F., Pimentel, A.S. (2012) Adsorption of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate on Ge Substrate:The Effect of a Low-Polarity Solvent[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences,13,7980-7993.
Vidyadhar, A., Hanumantha Rao, K., Chernyshova, I.V. (2003) Mechanisms of amine ┍/feldspar interaction in the absence and presence of alcohols studied by spectroscopic methods[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A,214,127-142.
Viehoever, A., Prusky, S. (1938) Biochemistry of silica[J]. The American Journal of Pharmacology,110,97-120.
Vrieling, E.G., Beelen, T.P.M., Sun, Q.Y., Hazelaar, S., van Santen, R.A., Gieskes, W.W.C. (2004) Ultrasmall, small, and wide angle X-ray scattering analysis of diatom biosilica:interspecific differences in fractal properties [J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,14,1970-1975.
Vrieling, E.G., Beelen, T.P.M., van Santen, R.A., Gieskes, W.W.C. (2000) Nanoscale uniformity of pore architecture in diatomaceous silica:a combined small and wide angle X-ray scattering study[J]. Journal of Phycology,36,146-159.
Vrieling, E.G., Gieskes, W.W.C., Beelen, T.P.M. (1999) Silicon deposition in diatoms: control by the pH inside the silicon deposition vesicle[J]. Journal of Phycology, 35,548-559.
Vrieling, E.G, Sun, Q., Beelen, T.P., Hazelaar, S., Gieskes, W.W., van Santen, R.A., Sommerdijk, N.A. (2005) Controlled silica synthesis inspired by diatom silicon biomineralization[J]. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,5,68-78.
Wallace, A. (1993) Participation of silicon in cation-anion balance as a possible mechanism for aluminum and iron tolerance in some Gramineae[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition,16,547-553.
Wallace, S., West, J.K., Hench, L.L. (1993) Interactions of water with trisiloxane rings. I. Experimental analysis[J]. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,152, 101-108.
Wang, J., Sugawara, A., Shimojima, A., Okubo, T. (2010a) Preparation of Anisotropic Silica Nanoparticles via Controlled Assembly of Presynthesized Spherical Seeds[J]. Langmuir,26,18491-18498.
Wang, J., Xiao, Q., Zhou, H., Sun, P., Li, B., Ding, D., Chen., T. (2007a) Radiolaria-like silica with radial spines fabricated by a dynamic self-organization[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C,111,16544-16548.
Wang, J., Xiao, Q., Zhou, H., Sun, P., Yuan, Z., Li, B., Ding, D., Shi, A.-C, Chen, T. (2006) Budded, Mesoporous silica hollow spheres:Hierarchical structure controlled by kinetic self-assembly [J]. Advanced Materials,18,3284-3288.
Wang, J.C., Liu, Q. (2005) Structural change and characterization in nitrogen-incorporated SBA15 oxynitride mesoporous materials via different thermal history [J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,83,225-232.
Wang, L., Nie, Q., Li, M., Zhang, F., Zhuang, J., Yang, W., Li, T., Wang, Y. (2005b) Biosilicified structures for cooling plant leaves:a mechanism of highly efficient midinfrared thermal emission[J]. Applied Physics Letters,87,194105.
Wang, L., Wang, Y., Chen, Q., Cao, W. (2000) Silicon induced cadmium tolerance of rice seedlings[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition,23,1397-1406.
Wang, W., Gu, B., Liang, L. (2007b) Effect of anionic surfactants on synthesis and self-assembly of silica colloidal nanoparticles[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,313,169-173.
Wang, W., Jiang, Y., Liao, Y, Tian, M., Zou, H., Zhang, L. (2011c) Fabrication of silver-coated silica microspheres through mussel-inspired surface functionalization[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,358,567-574.
Wang, X., Schloβmacher, U., Wiens, M., Batel, R., Schroder, H.C., Miiller, W.E.G. (2012) Silicateins, silicatein interactors and cellular interplay in sponge skeletogenesis:formation of glass fiber-like spicules[J]. FEBS Journal,279, 1721-1736.
Wang, X., Schroder, H.C., Brandt, D., Wiens, M., Lieberwirth, I., Glasser, G., Schloβmacher, U., Wang, S., Muller, W.E.G. (2011a) Sponge bio-silica formation involves syneresis following polycondensation in vivo[J]. ChemBioChem,12,2316-2324.
Wang, X., Schroder, H.C., Muller, W.E.G. (2009) Giant siliceous spicules from the deep-sea glass sponge Monorhaphis chuni: morphology, biochemistry and molecular biology[J]. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology,273, 69-115.
Wang, X., Wiens, M., Schroder, H.C., Schloβmacher, U., Pisignano, D., Jochum, K.P., Muller, W.E.G. (2011b) Evagination of cells controls bio-silica formation and maturation during spicule formation in sponges[J]. PLoS ONE,6, e20523.
Wang, X.D., Shen, Z.X., Sang, T., Cheng, X.B., Li, M.F., Chen, L.Y., Wang, Z.S. (2010b) Preparation of spherical silica particles by Stober process with high concentration of tetra-ethyl-orthosilicate[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,341,23-29.
Wang, Y, Schulten, K., Tajkhorshid, E. (2005a) What makes an aquaporin a glycerol channel? A comparative study of AqpZ and GlpF[J]. Structure,13,1107-1118.
Warren, S.C., Disalvo, F.J., Wiesner, U. (2007) Nanoparticle-tuned assembly and disassembly of mesostructured silica[J]. Nature Materials,6,156-161.
Weaver, J.C., Aizenberg, J., Fantner, G.E., Kisailus, D., Woesz, A., Allen, P., Fields, K., Porter, M.J., Zok, F.W., Hansma, P.K., Fratzl, P., Morse, D.E. (2007) Hierarchical assembly of the siliceous skeletal lattice of the hexactinellid sponge Euplectella aspergillum[J]. Journal of Structural Biology,158,93-106.
Weaver, J.C., Morse, D.E. (2003) Molecular biology of demosponge axial filaments and their roles in biosilification[J]. Microscopy Research and Technique,62, 356-367.
Weaver, J.C., Pietrasanta, L.I., Hedin, N., Chmelka, B.F., Hansma, P.K., Morse, D.E. (2003) Nanostructural features of demosponge biosilica[J]. Journal of Structural Biology,144,271-281.
Weiner, S., Addadi, L. (1997) Design strategies in mineralized biological materials[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,7,689-702.
Weissenfels, N. (1989) Biologie und Mikroskopische Anatomie der Suβwasserschwamme (Spongillidae)[M], Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.
Weissenfels, N., Landschoff, H.W. (1977) Bau und Funktion des Susswasserschwamms Ephydatia fluviatilis L. (Porifera) IV. Die Entwicklung der monaxialen SiO2-Nadeln in Sandwich-Kulturen[J]. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Anatomie und Ontogenie der Tiere,98,355-371.
Wenzl, S., Hett, R., Richthammer, P., Sumper, M. (2008) Silacidins:Highly acidic phosphopeptides from diatom shells assist in silica precipitation in vitro[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,47,1729-1732.
Werner, D. (1977) The Biology of Diatoms[M]. Berkeley:University of California Press.1-498.
William, S.S., Sanford, W.G. (1984) A developmental study of silicification in the abaxial epidermal cells of sugarcane leaf blades using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis [J]. American Journal of Botany, 71,1315-1322.
Woesz, A., Weaver, J.C., Kazanci, M., Dauphin, Y., Aizenberg, J., Morse, D.E., Fratzl, P. (2006) Micromechanical properties of biological silica in skeletons of deep-sea sponges[J]. Journal of Materials Research,21,2068-2078.
Yamaji, N., Mitatni, N., Ma, J.F. (2008) A transporter regulating silicon distribution in rice shoots[J]. Plant Cell,20,1381-1389.
Yamanaka, J., Hayashi, Y., Ise, N., Yamaguchi, T. (1997) Control of the surface charge density of colloidal silica by sodium hydroxide in salt-free and low-salt dispersions[J]. Physical Review E,55,3028-3036.
Yan, X., Yao, J., Lu, G, Chen, X., Zhang, K., Yang, B. (2004) Microcontact Printing of Colloidal Crystals[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,126, 10510-10511.
Yan, Z., Li, Y, Wang, S., Xu, Z., Chen, Y, Li, B., Zhu, X., Zhu, G., Yang, Y. (2010) Artificial frustule prepared through a single-templating approach[J]. Chemical Communications,46,8410-8412.
Yang, H., Coobs, N., Ozin, G.A. (1997) Morphogenesis of shapes and surface patterns in mesoporous silica[J]. Nature,386,692-695.
Yang, S.M., Miguez, H., Ozin, G.A. (2002) Opal Circuits of Light-Planarized Microphotonic Crystal Chips[J]. Advanced Functional Materials,12,425-431.
Yang, Y.J., Hu, D., Fang, Y, Bai, C., Wang, H. (2006) Novel Method for Preparation of Structural Microspheres Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid)/SiO2[J]. Chemistry of Materials,18,4902-4907.
Yao, N., Cao, S., Yeung K.L. (2009) Mesoporous TiO2-SiO2 aerogels with hierarchal pore structures[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,117,570-579.
Yeh, Y, Chen, B., Lin, H., Tang, C. (2006) Synthesis of hollow silica spheres with mesostructured shell using cationic-anionic-neutral block copolymer ternary surfactants [J]. Langmuir,22,6-9.
Yilmaz, C., Unal, U., Acar. H.Y. (2012) Platelets to rings:Influence of sodium dodecyl sulfate on Zn-Al layered double hydroxide morphology [J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry,187,295-299.
Yokoi, T., Tatsumi, T. (2007) Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Materials by Using Anionic Surfactants as Template[J]. Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute,50, 299-311.
Yokoi, T., Yoshitake, H., Tatsumi, T. (2003) Synthesis of Anionic-Surfactant-Templated Mesoporous Silica Using Organoalkoxysilane-Containing Amino Groups[J]. Chemistry of Materials,15,4536-4538.
Yoshido, S., Ohnishi, Y, Kitagishi, K. (1962) Chemical forms, mobility and deposition of silicon in rice plant[J]. Soil science and plant nutrition. Tokyo.,8, 15-21.
Yu, J., Zhao, L., Cheng, B. (2006) Preparation of monodispersed microporous SiO2 microspheres with high specific surface area using dodecylamine as a hydrolysis catalyst[J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry,179,226-232.
Yuan, X., Xing, W., Zhuo, S.P., Han, Z., Wang, G., Gao, X., Yan Z.F. (2009) Preparation and application of mesoporous Fe/carbon composites as a drug carrier[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,117,678-684.
Yue, M.B., Jiao, W.Q., Wang, Y.M., He, M.Y. (2010) CTAB-directed synthesis of mesoporous y-alumina promoted by hydroxy polyacids[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,132,226-231.
Zhang, D., Wang, Y, Zhang, W., Pan, J., Cai, J. (2011b) Enlargement of diatom frustules pores by hydrofluoric acid etching at room temperature[J]. Journal of Materials Science,46,5665-5671.
Zhang, H.A., Bandosz, T.J., Akins, D.L. (2011a) Template-free synthesis of silica ellipsoids[J]. Chemical Communications,47,7791-7793.
Zhang, H.J., Wu, J., Zhou, L.P., Zhang, D.Y, Qi, L.M. (2007b) Facile synthesis of monodisperse microspheres and gigantic hollow shells of mesoporous silica in mixed water-ethanol solvents[J]. Langmuir,23,1107-1113.
Zhang, L.X., Li, P.C., Liu, X.H., Du, L.W., Wang, E.K. (2007a) The effect of template phase on the structures of as-synthesized silica nanoparticles with fragile, didodecyl-dimethylammonium bromide vesicles as templates[J]. Advanced Materials,19,4279-4283.
Zhang, W., Pauly, T.R., Pinnavaia, T.J. (1997) Tailoring the framework and textural mesopores of HMS molecular sieves through an electrically neutral (S degrees I degrees) assembly pathway[J]. Chemistry of Materials,9,2491-2498.
Zhao, Y.F., Qi, Y, Wei, Y.X., Zhang, Y.Y, Zhang, S.G., Yang, Y, Liu, Z.M. (2008) Incorporation of Ag nanostructures into channels of nitrided mesoporous silica[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,111,300-306.
Zhou, G.T., Guan, Y.B., Yao, Q.Z., Fu, S.Q. (2010) Biomimetic mineralization of prismatic calcite mesocrystals:Relevance to biomineralization[J]. Chemical Geology,279,63-72.
Zhou, Y., Shimizu, K., Cha, J.N., Stucky, G.D., Morse, D.E. (1999) Efficient catalysis of polysiloxane synthesis by silicatein alpha requires specific hydroxy and imidazole functionalities [J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,38, 780-782.
Zhu, Z., Wei, G., Li, J., Qian, Q., Yu, J. (2004) Silcon alleviates salt stress and increases antioxidant enzymes activity in leaves of salt-stressed cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)[J]. Plant Science,167,527-533.
Zurzolo, C., Bowler, C. (2001) Exploring bioinorganic pattern formation in diatoms. A story of polarized trafficking[J]. Plant Physiology,127,1339-1345.
梁永超,丁瑞兴,刘谦(1999)硅对大麦耐盐性的影响及其机制[J].中国农业科学,32,75-83.
蒲红宇,张弼,唐玲(2009)海绵的生物学特性及其在水产养殖中的应用前景[J].渔业科学进展,30,135-138.
田福平,陈子萱,苗小林,常根柱,张礼军,白斌(2007)土壤和植物的硅素营养研究[J].山东农业科学,(1)81-84.
王爱华,彭镇华,孙启祥(2008)生物矿化与植物体内的生物硅化[J].东北林业大学学报,36,63-66.
徐呈祥,刘友良(2006)植物对Si的吸收、运输和沉积[J].西北植物学报,26,1071-1078.
徐呈祥,刘兆普,刘友良(2004)硅在植物中的生理功能[J].植物生理学通讯,40,753-757.
杨建堂,高尔明,霍晓婷,王文亮,毛振强(2000)沿黄稻区水稻硅素吸收、分配特点研究[J].河南农业大学学报,34,37-39.
邹邦基(1980)植物的硅素营养[J].土壤通报,11,44-45.
Adamson, A.W. (1976) Physical Chemistry of Surfaces,3rd ed.[M]. John Wiley.
Addadi, L., Raz, S., Weiner, S. (2003) Taking advantage of disorder:Amorphous calcium carbonate and its roles in biomineralization[J]. Advanced Materials,15, 959-970.
Agarie, S., Hanaoka, N., Ueno, O., Miyazaki, A., Kubota, F., Agata, W., Kaufman, P.B. (1998) Effects of Silicon on Tolerance to Water Deficit and Heat Stress in Rice Plants (Oryza sativa L.), Monitored by Electrolyte Leakage[J]. Plant Production Science,1,96-103.
Agger, J.R., Anderson, M.W., Pemble, M.E., Terasaki, O., Nozue, Y. (1998) Growth of quantum-confined indium phosphide inside MCM-41[J]. Journal of Physical Chemistry B,102,3345-3353.
Ahmad, R., Zaheer, S.H., Ismail, S. (1992) Role of silicon in salt tolerance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L)[J]. Plant Science,85,43-50.
Aizenberg, J., Sundar, V.C., Yablon, A.D., Weaver, J.C., Chen, G. (2004) Biological glass fibers:Correlation between optical and structural properties[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA,101,3358-3363.
Aizenberg, J., Weaver, J.C., Thanawala, M.S., Sundar, V.C., Morse, D.E., Fratzl, P. (2005) Skeleton of Euplectella sp.:Structural Hierarchy from the Nanoscale to the Macroscale[J]. Science,309,275-278.
Aksay, I.A., Trau, M., Manne, S., Honma, I., Yao, N., Zhou, L., Fenter, P., Eisenberger, P.M., Gruner, S.M. (1996) Biomimetic pathways for assembling inorganic thin films[J]. Science,273,892-898.
Amatani, T., Nakanishi, K., Hirao, K., Kodaira, T. (2005) Monolithic periodic mesoporous silica with well defined macropores[J]. Chemistry of Materials,17, 2114-2119.
Amick, J.A. (1982) Purification of rice hulls as a source of solar grade silicon for solar cells[J]. Journal of The Electrochemical Society,129,864-866.
Andersen, R.A. (2004) Biology and systematics of heterokont and haptophyte algae[J]. American Journal of Botany,91,1508-1522.
Anderson, H.C., Garimella, R., Tague, S.E. (2005) The role of matrix vesicles in growth plate development and biomineralization[J]. Frontiers in Bioscience,10, 822-837.
Anderson, M.T., Martin, J.E., Odinek, J.G, Newcomer, P.P. (1998) Surfactant-Templated Silica Mesophases Formed in Water:Cosolvent Mixtures[J]. Chemistry of Materials,10,311-321.
Armbrust, E.V. (1999) Identification of a new gene family expressed during the onset of sexual reproduction in the centric diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,65,3121-3128.
Armbrust, E.V., Berges, J.A., Bowler, C., Green, B.R., Martinez, D., Putnam, N.H., Zhou, S., Allen, A.E., Apt, K.E., Bechner, M., Brzezinski, M.A., Chaal, B.K., Chiovitti, A., Davis, A.K., Demarest, M.S., Detter, J.C., Glavina, T., Goodstein, D., Hadi, M.Z., Hellsten, U., Hildebrand, M., Jenkins, B.D., Jurka, J., Kapitonov, V.V., Kroger, N., Lau, W.W., Lane, T.W., Larimer, F.W., Lippmeier, J.C., Lucas, S., Medina, M., Montsant, A., Obornik, M., Parker, M.S., Palenik, B., Pazour, G.J., Richardson, P.M., Rynearson, T.A., Saito, M.A., Schwartz, D.C., Thamatrakoln, K., Valentin, K., Vardi, A., Wilkerson, F.P., Rokhsar, D.S. (2004) The genome of the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana:ecology, evolution, and metabolism[J]. Science,306,79-86.
Armbrust, E.V., Galindo, H.M. (2001) Rapid evolution of a sexual reproduction gene in centric diatoms of the genus Thalassiosira[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,67,3501-3513.
Arndt, W. (1930) Porifera (Schwamme, Spongien), in Tabulae Biologicae[M]. ed. Oppenheimer, C., Pincussen, L., Junk, W., Berlin, pp.39-120.
Arnold, K., Bordoli, L., Kopp, J., Schwede, T. (2006) The SWISS-MODEL workspace:a web-based environment for protein structure homology modelling[J]. Bioinformatics,22,195-201.
Aw, M.S., Simovic, S., Yu, Y., Addai-Mensah, J., Losic, D. (2012) Porous silica microshells from diatoms as biocarrier for drug delivery applications [J]. Powder Technology,223,52-58.
Babayan, D., Chassenieux, C., Lafuma, F., Ventelon, L., Hernandez, J. (2010) Formation of Rodlike Silica Aggregates Directed by Adsorbed Thermoresponsive Polymer Chains[J]. Langmuir,26,2279-2287.
Bagshaw, S.A., Prouzet, E., Pinnavaia, T.J. (1995) Templating of mesoporous molecular sieves by nonionic polyethylene oxide surfactants [J]. Science,269, 1242-1244.
Baker, G. (1961) Opal Phytoliths and Adventitious Mineral Particles in Wheat Dust, Mineragraphic Investigations[M]. Technical Paper No.4, C.S.I.R.O., Melbourne, Australia.
Ball, T.D., Gardner, J.S., Brotherson, J.D. (1996) Identifying phytoliths produced by the inflorescence bracts of wheat (Triticum monococcum L., T. dicoccon Schrank., and T. aestivum L.) using computer-assisted image and statistical analyses[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science,23,619-632.
Bansal, V., Rautaray, D., Ahmad, A., Sastry, M. (2004) Biosynthesis of zirconia nanoparticles using the fungus Fusarium oxysporum[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,14,3303-3305.
Baral, S., Schoen, P. (1993) Silica-deposited phospholipid tubules as a precurosor to hollow submicron-diameter silica cylinders [J]. Chemistry of Materials,5, 145-147.
Barcelo, J., Guevara, P., Poschenrieder, C. (1993) Silicon amelioration of aluminum toxicity in teosinte (Zea mays L. ssp. mexicana)[J]. Plant Soil,154,249-255.
Barthel, D. (1995) Tissue composition of sponges from the Weddell Sea, Antarctica: not much meat on the bones[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series,123,149-153.
Bauerlein, E, ed. (2004) Biomineralization:Progress in Biology[M]. Molecular Biology and Application,2nd, Completely Revised and Extended Edition. Weinheim:Wiley-VCH.361 p.
Bauerlein, E. (2000) Biomineralization:from biology to biotechnology and medical application[M]. Wiley-VCH, Chichester.
Bauerlein, E. (2003) Biomineralization of unicellular organisms:An unusual membrane biochemistry for the production of inorganic nano- and microstructures[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,42,614-641.
Bauerlein, E. (2007) Handbook of Biomineralization[M]. Biological Aspects and Structure Formation, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA:Weinheim, Germany.
Baylis, A., Gragopoulou, G, Davidson, K., Birchall, J.D. (1994) Effects of silicon on the toxicity of aluminum to soybean[J]. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,25,537-546.
B6gu, S., Durand, R., Lerner, D.A., Charnay, C., Tourne-Peteilh, C., Devoisselle, J.M. (2003) Preparation and characterization of siliceous material using liposomes as template[J]. Chemical Communications,640-641.
B6gu, S., Girod, S., Lerner, D.A., Jardiller, N., Tourne-Peteilh, C., Devoisselle, J.M. (2004) Characterization of a phospholipid bilayer entrapped into non-porous silica nanospheres[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,14,1316-1320.
Belanger, R.R., Benhamou, N., Menzies, J.G. (2003) Cytological evidence of an active role of silicon in wheat resistance to powdery mildew(Blumeria graminis f. sp tritici)[J]. Phytopathology,93,402-412.
Belanger, R.R., Benyagoub, M. (1997) Challenges and prospects for integrated control of powdery mildews in the greenhouse[J]. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology,19,310-314.
Belanger, R.R., Browen, P.A., Ehret, D.L., Menzies, J.G (1995) Soluble silicon:Its role in crop and disease management of greenhouse crops[J]. Plant Disease,79, 329-336.
Bellomo, E.G., Deming, T.J. (2006) Monoliths of Aligned Silica-Polypeptide Hexagonal Platelets[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,128, 2276-2279.
Bergquist, P.R. (1978) Sponges[M]. London:Hutchinson.
Bhatt, T., Coombs, M., O'Neill, C.H. (1984) Biogenic silica fiber promotes carcinogenesis in mouse skin[J]. International Journal of Cancer,34,519-528.
Bhattacharyya, P., Vulcani, B.E. (1980) Sodium-dependent silicate transport in the apochlorotic marine diatom[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA,77,6386-6390.
Bidle, K.D., Azam, F. (1999) Accelerated dissolution of diatom silica by marine bacterial assemblages[J]. Nature,397,508-512.
Birchall, J.D. (1995) The essentiality of silicon in biology [J]. Chemical Society Reviews,24,351-357.
Boeniger, M., Hawkins, M., Marsin, P., Newman, R. (1988) Occupational exposure to silicate fibers and PAHs during sugar cane harvesting [J]. The Annals of Occupational Hygiene,32,153-169.
Boissiere, C., Larbot, A., Bourgaux, C., Prouzet, E., Bunton, C.A. (2001) A Study of the Assembly Mechanism of the Mesoporous MSU-X Silica Two-Step Synthesis[J]. Chemistry of Materials,13,3580-3586.
Bradbury, M., Ahmad, R. (1990) The effect of silicon on the growth of Prosopis juliflora growing in saline soil[J]. Plant and Soil,125,71-74.
Brinker, C.J., Scherer, G.W. (1990) Sol-Gel Science:The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing[M]. Academic Press, Boston.
Brown, D.A. (1984) Prospects and limits of a phytolith key for grasses in the central United States[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science,11,3,45-368.
Brunner, E., Lutz, K., Sumper, M. (2004) Biomimetic synthesis of silica nanospheres depends on the aggregation and phase separation of polyamines in aqueous solution[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics,6,854-857.
Brutchey, R.L., Morse, D.E. (2008) Silicatein and the translation of its molecular mechanism of biosilicification into low temperature nanomaterial synthesis [J]. Chemical Reviews,108,4915-4934.
Burkhardt, S., Amoroso, G., Riebesell, U., Sultemeyer, D. (2001) CO2 and HCO3-uptake in marine diatoms acclimated to different CO2 concentrations [J]. Limnology & Oceanography,46,1378-1391.
Casey, W.H., Kinrade, S.D., Knight, C.T.G., Rains, D.W., Epstein, E. (2003) Aqueous silicate complexes in wheat, Triticum aestivum L[J]. Plant, Cell and Environment, 27,49-52.
Cattaneo-Vietti, R., Bavestrello, G., Cerrano, C., Sara, A., Benatti, U., Giovine, M., Gaino, E. (1996) Optical fibres in an Antarctic sponge[J]. Nature,383,397-398.
Cauda, V., Muhlstein, L., Onida, B., Bein, T. (2009) Tuning drug uptake and release rates through different morphologies and pore diameters of confined mesoporous silica[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,118,435-442.
Cha, J.N., Shimizu, K., Zhou, Y, Christiansen, S.C., Chmelka, B.F., Stucky, GD., Morse, D.E. (1999) Silicatein filaments and subunits from a marine sponge direct the polymerization of silica and silicones in vitro[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,96,361-365.
Chai, H., Lawn, B.R.(2002) Cracking in brittle laminates from concentrated loads[J]. Acta Materialia,50,2613-2625.
Chaudhary, Y.S., Ghatak, J., Bhatta, U.M., Khushalani, D. (2006) One-step method for the self-assembly of metal nanoparticles onto facetted hollow silica tubes [J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,16,3619-3623.
Chen, C.H., Lewin, J. (1969) Silicon as a nutrient element for Equisetum arvense[J]. Canadian Journal of Botany,47,125-131.
Chen, D.H., Li, Z., Wan, Y., Tu, X.J., Shi, Y.F., Chen, Z.X., Shen, W., Yu, C.Z., Tu, B., Zhao, D.Y. (2006) Anionic surfactant induced mesophase transformation to synthesize highly ordered large-pore mesoporous silica structures[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,16,1511-1519.
Chen, D.H., Li, Z., Yu, C.Z., Shi, Y.F., Zhang, Z.D., Tu, B., Zhao, D.Y (2005) Nonionic block copolymer and anionic mixed surfactants directed synthesis of highly ordered mesoporous silica with bicontinuous cubic structure[J]. Chemistry of Materials,17,3228-3234.
Chen, D.Y., Jiang, M.J., Li, N.J., Gu, H.W., Xu, Q.F., Ge, J.F., Xia, X.W., Lu, J.M. (2010a) Modification of magnetic silica/iron oxide nanocomposites with fluorescent polymethacrylic acid for cancer targeting and drug delivery [J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,20,6422-6429.
Chen, H., Hu, T., Zhang, X., Huo, K., Chu, P.K., He, J. (2010b) One-Step Synthesis of Monodisperse and Hierarchically Mesostructured Silica Particles with a Thin Shell[J]. Langmuir,26,13556-13563.
Chen, Y., Li, Y., Chen, Y., Liu, X., Zhang, M., Li, B., Yang, Y. (2009) Preparation of hollow silica spheres with holes on the shells[J]. Chemical Communications, 5177-5179.
Cheng, G., Liu, C. (2002) Preparation of lamellar mesoporous silica microspheres via SDS templates[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics,77,359-364.
Cheng, X., Liu, S., Lu, L., Sui, X., Meynen, V., Cool, P., Vansant, E.F., Jiang, J. (2007) Fast fabrication of hollow silica spheres with thermally stable nanoporous shells[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,98,41-46.
Cherif, M., Asselin, A., Belanger, R.R. (1994) Defense responses induced by soluble silicon in cucumber roots infected by Pythium spp[J]. Phytopathology,84, 236-242.
Chiappino, M.L., Volcani, B.E. (1977) Studies on the biochemistry and fine structure of silica-shell formation in diatoms[J]. Protoplasma,93,205-221.
Chiba, Y., Mitani, N., Yamaji, N., Ma, J.F. (2009) HvLsil is a silicon influx transporter in barley[J]. The Plant Journal,57,810-818.
Cocker, K.M., Evans, D.E., Hodson, M.J. (1998a) The amelioration of aluminium toxicity by silicon in higher plants:solution chemistry or an in planta mechanism[J]? Plant Physiology,104,608-614.
Cocker, K.M., Evans, D.E., Hodson, M.J. (1998b) The amelioration of aluminium toxicity by silicon in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.):malate exudation as evidence for an in planta mechanism[J]. Planta,204,318-323.
Cocker, K.M., Hodson, M.J., Evans, D.E., Sangster, A.G. (1997) Interaction between silicon and aluminum in Triticum aestivum L. (cv. Celtic)[J]. Israel Journal of Plant Sciences,45,285-292.
Collier, J.H., Messersmith, P.B. (2002) Phospholipid strategies in biomineralization and biomaterial research [J]. Annual Review of Materials Research,31,237-263.
Coombs, J., Volcani, B.E. (1968) Studies on the biochemistry and fine structure of silica shell formation in diatoms. Chemical changes in the wall of Navicula pelliculosa during its formation[J]. Planta,82,280-292.
Coradin, T., Lopez, P.J. (2003) Biogenic silica patterning:simple chemistry or subtle biology[J]? ChemBioChem,4,251-259.
Comelis, J.T., Delvaux, B., Georg, R.B., Lucas, Y., Ranger, J., Opfergelt S. (2010) Tracing the origin of dissolved silicon transferred from various soil-plant systems towards rivers:a review[J]. Biogeosciences Discussions,7,5873-5930.
Corrales, L., Poschenrieder, C., Barcelo, J. (1997) Influence of silicon pretreatment on aluminum toxicity in maize roots[J]. Plant Soil,190,203-209.
Crawford, S.A., Higgins, M.J., Mulvaney, P., Wetherbee, R. (2001) Nanostructure of the diatom frustule as revealed by atomic force and scanning electron microscopy[J]. Journal of Phycology,37,543-554.
Croce, G., Frache, A., Milanesio, M., Marchese, L., Causa, M., Viterbo, D., Barbaglia, A., Bolis, V., Bavestrello, G., Cerrano, C., Benatti, U., Pozzolini, M., Giovine, M., Amenitsch, H. (2004) Structural characterization of siliceous spicules from marine sponges[J]. Biophysical Journal,86,526-534.
Cullen, J.J., Neale, P.J., Lesser, M.P. (1992) Biological weighting function for the inhibition of phytoplankton photosynthesis by ultraviolet radiation[J]. Science, 258,646-650.
Curnow, P., Bessette, P.H., Kisailus, D., Murr, M.M., Daugherty, P.S., Morse, D.E. (2005) Enzymatic synthesis of layered titanium phosphates at low temperature and neutral pH by cell-surface display of silicatein-alpha[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,127,15749-15755.
Currie, H.A., Patwardhan, S.V., Perry, C.C., Roach, P., Shirtcliffe, N.J. (2007)Synthesis, characterization and Applications-in Hybrid materials[M]. ed. Kickelbick, G., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp.255-299.
Currie, H.A., Perry, C.C. (2007) Silica in plants:Biological, biochemical and chemical studies[J]. Annals of Botany,100,1383-1389.
Datonoff, L., Korndorfer, G, Synder G. (2001) Silicon in agriculture[C]. New York, Elesevier Science,17-39.
Davis, A.K., Hildebrand, M. (2008) Molecular processes of biosilicification in diatoms[M]. In:Sigel, H., Sigel, A. (Eds.), Metal Ions in Life Sciences. Biomineralization. From Nature to Application, vol.4. Wiley, London, pp. 255-294.
Davis, A.K., Hildebrand, M., Palenik, B. (2005) A stress-induced protein associated with the girdle band region of the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana (Bacillariophyta)[J]. Journal of Phycology,41,577-589.
Dayanandan, P., Kaufinan, P.B. (1976) Trichomes of Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae)[J]. American Journal of Botany,63,578-591.
de Lhoneux, B., Gerlache, L., Clemente, A., Roda-Santos, M., Menaia, J., Fernandes, T. (1988) Ultrastructural characterization of rice husk submitted to different pretreatments to optimize its fermentation[J]. Biological Wastes,23,163-180.
Di Renzo, F., Testa, F., Chen, J.D., Cambon, H., Galarneau, A., Plee, D., Fajula, F. (1999) Textural control of micelle-templated mesoporous silicates:the effects of co-surfactants and alkalinity [J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,28, 437-446.
Dickerson, M.B., Sandhage, K.H., Naik, R.R. (2008) Protein-and Peptide-Directed Syntheses of Inorganic Materials[J], Chemical Reviews,108,4935-4978.
Dimos, K., Stathi, P., Karakassides, M.A., Deligiannakis, Y. (2009) Synthesis and characterization of hybrid MCM-41 materials for heavy metal adsorption[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,126,65-71.
Ding, Y, Li, C., Guo, R. (2010) Facile fabrication of pomponlike microarchitectures of lanthanum molybdate via an ultrasound route[J]. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 17,46-54.
Djerassi, C., Lam, W.K. (1991) Phospholipid studies of marine organisms. Part 25. Sponge phospholipids[J]. Accounts of Chemical Research,24,69-75.
Drum, R.W., Pankratz, H.S. (1964) Post mitotic fine structure of Gomphonema parvulum[J]. Journal of Ultrastructure Research,10,217-223.
Early, T.A., Kundrat, J.T., Schorp, T., Glonek, T. (1996) Lake Michigan sponge phospholipid variations with habitat:A 31P nuclear magnetic resonance study[J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B:Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,114,77-89.
Ehrlich, H., Demadis, K.D., Pokrovsky, O.S., Koutsoukos, P.G. (2010b) Modern views on desilicification:biosilica and abiotic silica dissolution in natural and artificial environments [J]. Chemical Reviews,110,4656-4689.
Ehrlich, H., Deutzmann, R., Brunner, E., Cappellini, E., Koon, H., Solazzo, C., Yang, Y., Ashford, D., Thomas-Oates, J., Lubeck, M., Baessmann, C., Langrock, T. Hoffmann, R., Worheide, G., Reitner, J., Simon, P., Tsurkan, M., Ereskovsky, A.V., Kurek, D., Bazhenov, V.V., Hunoldt, S., Mertig, M., Vyalikh, D.V., Molodtsov, S.L., Kummer. K., Worch, H., Smetacek, V., Collins, M.J. (2010a) Mineralization of the meter-long biosilica structures of glass sponges is templated on hydroxylated collagen[J]. Nature Chemistry,2,1084-1088.
Ellis, J. (1796) The Natural History of Many Curious and Uncommon Zoophytes, Collection from Various Parts of the Globe [M]. Benjamin White, London.
Ellwood, M.J., Wille, M., Maher, W. (2010) Glacial silicic acid concentrations in the Southern Ocean[J]. Science,330,1088-1091.
Epstein, E. (1994) The anomaly of silicon in plant biology[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science,91,11-17.
Epstein, E. (1999) Silicon[J]. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology,50,641-664.
Esumi, K. (2001) Interactions between Surfactants and Particles:Dispersion, Surface Modification, and Adsolubilization[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 241,1-17.
Etahiri, A., Humbert, B., El Kacemi, K., Marouf, B., Bessiere, J. (1997) Dielectric study of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) adsorption onto galena. Comparison with sodium amyl xanthate and dodecyl ammonium chloride[J]. International Journal of Mineral Processing,52,49-63.
Evans, D.F., Parr, J., Coker, E.N. (1990) Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of silicon(Ⅳ) complexes in aqueous solution-I. Tris-catecholato complexes [J]. Polyhedron,9,813-823.
Exley, C. (2009) Case Study Lake Baikal, in Biosilica in Evolution, Morphogenesis, and Nanobiotechnology[M]. ed. Muller W.E.G. and Grachev M.A., Springer, Berlin, vol.47.
Fauteux, F., Remus-Borel, W., Menzies, J.G., Belanger, R.R. (2005) Silicon and plant disease resistance against pathogenic fungi[J]. FEMS Microbiology Letters,249, 1-6.
Fawe, A., Abou-Zaid, M., Menzies, J.G., Belanger, R.R. (1998) Silicon-mediated accumulation of flavinoid phytoalexins in cucumber[J]. Phytopathology,88, 396-401.
Feifel, S.C., Lisdat, F. (2011) Silica nanoparticles for the layer-by-layer assembly of fully electro-active cytochrome c multilayers[J]. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 9,59.
Field, C.B., Behrenfeld, M.J., Randerson, J.T., Falkowski, P. (1998) Primary production of the biosphere:integrating terrestrial and oceanic components [J]. Science,281,237-240.
Finkel, Z.V., Matheson, K.A., Regan, K.S., Irwin, A.J. (2010) Genotypic and phenotypic variation in diatom silicification under paleo-oceanographic conditions[J]. Geobiology,8,433-445.
Flory, P.J., Semlyen, J.A. (1966) Macrocyclization Equilibrium Constants and the Statistical. Configuration of Poly (dimethylsiloxane) Chains[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,88,3209-3212.
Fry, S.C. (2004) Primary cell wall metabolism:tracking the careers of wall polymers in living plant cells[J]. New Phytologist,161,641-675.
Fuhrmann, T., Landwehr, S., El Rharbi-Kucki, M., Sumper, M. (2004) Diatoms as living photonic crystals[J]. Applied Physics B,78,257-260.
Fustian, C.A., Glasser, G., Spiess, H.W., Jonas, U. (2004) Parameters Influencing the Templated Growth of Colloidal Crystals on Chemically Patterned Surfaces [J]. Langmuir,20,9114-9123.
Galarneau, A., Renard, G., Mureseanu, M., Tourrette, A., Biolley, C., Choi, M., Ryoo, R., Di Renzo, F., Fajula F. (2007) Synthesis of sponge mesoporous silicas from lecithin/dodecylamine mixed-micelles in ethanol/water media:A route towards efficient biocatalysts[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,104,103-114.
Galarneau, A., Sartori F., Cangiotti, M., Mineva, T., Di Renzo, F., Ottaviani, M.F. (2010) Sponge mesoporous silica formation using disordered phospholipid bilayers as template[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B,114,2140-2152.
Galvez, L., Clark, R., Gourley, L., Maranville, J. (1987) Silicon interactions with manganese and aluminum toxicity in sorghum[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition,10, 1139-1147.
Garofalini, S.H., Martin, G. (1994) Molecular simulations of the polymerization of silicic acid molecules and network formation[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry,98,1311-1316.
Garrone, R. (1969) Collagene, spongine et squelette mineral chez l'eponge Haliclona rosea (O.S.) (Demosponge, Haploscleride)[J]. Journal of Microscopy,8, 581-598.
Genin, E., Wielgosz-Collin, G., Njinkoue, J.M., Velosaotsy, N.E., Kornprobst, J.M., Gouygou, J.P., Vacelet, J., Barnathan, G. (2008) New trends in phospholipid class composition of marine sponges [J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B:Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,150,427-431.
Goertzen, L.R., Theriot, E.C. (2003) Effect of taxon sampling, character weighting, and combined data on the interpretation of relationships among the heterokont algae [J]. Journal of Phycology,39,423-443.
Goncalves da Silva, A.M., Romao, R.I.S. (2005) Mixed monolayers involving DPPC, DODAB and oleic acid and their interaction with nicotinic acid at the air-water interface[J]. Chemistry and Physics of Lipids,137,62-76.
Gorby, Y.A., Beveridge, T.J., Blakemore, R.P. (1988) Characterization of the bacterial magnetosome membrane [J]. Journal of Bacteriology,170,834-841.
Gordon, R., Drum, R.W. (1994) The chemical basis of diatom morpho genesis [J]. International Review of Cytology,150,243-372.
Gower, L.B. (2008) Biomimetic model systems for investigating the amorphous precursor pathway and its role in biomineralization[J]. Chemical Reviews,108, 4551-4627.
Gray, J.E. (1825) On the chemical composition of sponges[J]. Annals of Philosophy, NS9,431-432.
Grigoriev, D., Miller, R., Shchukin, D., Mohwald, H. (2007) Interfacial assembly of partially hydrophobic silica nanoparticles induced by ultrasonic treatment[J]. Small,3,665-671.
Guillou, L., Chretiennot-Dinet, M.J., Medlin, L.K., Claustre, H., de Goer, L.S., Vaulot, D. (1999) Bolidomonas:a new genus with two species belonging to a new algal class, the Bolidophyceae (Heterokonta)[J]. Journal of Phycology,35,368-381.
Guo, X., Deng, Y., Tu, B., Zhao, D. (2010) Facile Synthesis of Hierarchically Mesoporous Silica Particles with Controllable Cavity in Their Surfaces[J]. Langmuir,26,702-708.
Hamm, C.E., Merkel, R., Springer, O., Jurkojc, P., Maier, C., Prechtel, K., Smetacek, V. (2003) Architecture and material properties of diatom shells provide effective mechanical protection[J]. Nature,421,841-843.
Hammond, K.E., Evans, D.E., Hodson, M.J. (1995) Aluminum/silicon interactions in barley(Hordeum vulgate L.) seedlings[J]. Plant Soil,173,89-95.
Han, J., Song, G., Guo, R. (2007) Synthesis of polymer hollow spheres with holes in their surfaces[J]. Chemistry of Materials,19,973-975.
Hansen, D.J., Dayanandan, P., Kaufman, P.B., Brotherson, J.D. (1976) Ecological adaptations of salt marsh grass, Distichlis spicata (Gramineae), and environmental factors affecting its growth and distribution[J]. American Journal of Botany,63,635-650.
Harrison, C.C. (1996) Evidence for intramineral macromolecules containing protein from plant silicas[J]. Phytochemistry,41,37-42.
Harrison, C.C., Loton, N. (1995) Novel routes to designer silicas:studies of the decomposition of (M+)2[Si(C6H4O2)3]·xH2O. Importance of M+ identity of the kinetics of oligomerisation and the structural characteristics of the silicas produced[J]. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions,91, 4287-4297.
Hayward, D.M., Parry, D.W. (1973) Electron-probe microanalysis studies of silica distribution in barley(Hordeum sativum L.)[J]. Annals of Botany,37,579-591.
Hazelaar, S., van der Strate, H.J., Gieskes, W.W.C., Vrieling, E.G. (2005) Monitoring Rapid Valve Formation in the Pennate Diatom Navicula Salinarum (Bacillariophyceae)[J]. Journal of Phycology,41,354-358.
He, J., Li, C. (2006) An easy approach to fabrication of silica nanofibers/nanotubes via wrapping sacrificial Cd(OH)2 nanostrands[J]. Chemistry Letters,35, 1088-1089.
Hecky, R.E., Mopper, K., Kilham, P., Degens, E.T. (1973) The amino acid and sugar composition of diatom cell-walls[J]. Marine Biology,19,323-331.
Hench, L.L., West, J.K. (1995) Molecular Orbital Models of Silica[J]. Annual Review of Materials Research,25,37-68.
Heredia, A., van der Strate, H.J., Delgadillo, I., Basiuk, V.A., Vrieling, E.G. (2008) Analysis of organo-silica interactions during valve formation in synchronously growing cells of the diatom Navicula pelliculosa[J]. ChemBioChem,9,573-584.
Herrera, C.M. (1985) Grass/grazer radiations:an interpretation of silica body diversity [J]. Oikos,45,446-447.
Hildebrand, M. (2000) From Biology to Biotechnology and Medical Application, in Biomineralization[M]. ed. Bauerlein E., Wiley, Weinheim, pp.171-188.
Hildebrand, M. (2003) Biological processing of nanostructured silica in diatoms [J]. Progress in Organic Coatings,47,256-266.
Hildebrand, M. (2008) Diatoms, biomineralization processes, and genomics[J]. Chemical Reviews,108,4855-4874.
Hildebrand, M., Kim, S., Shi, D., Scott, K., Subramaniam, S. (2009) 3D imaging of diatoms with ion-abrasion scanning electron microscopy [J]. Journal of Structural Biology,166,316-328.
Hildebrand, M., Volcani, B.E., Gassmann, W., Schroeder, J.I. (1997) A gene family of silicon transporters[J]. Nature,385,688-689.
Hildebrand, M., Wetherbee, R. (2003) Components and control of silicification in diatoms[J]. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology,33,11-57.
Hildebrand, M., York, E., Kelz, J.I., Davis, A.K., Frigeri, L.G., Allison, D.P., Doktycz, M.J. (2006) Nanoscale control of silica morphology and three-dimensional structure during diatom cell wall formation[J]. Journal of Materials Research,21, 2689-2698.
Hoagland, K.D., Rosowski, J.R., Gretz, M.R., Roemer, S.C. (1993) Diatom extracellular polymeric substances-function, fine-structure, chemistry, and physiology[J]. Journal of Phycology,29,537-566.
Hodson, M.J., Evans, D.E. (1995) Aluminum/silicon interactions in higher plants[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany,46,161-171.
Hodson, M.J., Parry, D.W. (1982) The ultrastructure and analytical microscopy of silicon deposition in the aleurone layer of the caryopsis of Setaria italica (L)[J]. Annals of Botany,50,221-228.
Hodson, M.J., Sangster, A.G (1988) Observations on the Distribution of Mineral Elements in the Leaf of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), with Particular Reference to Silicon[J]. Annals of Botany,62,463-471.
Hodson, M.J., Sangster, A.G. (1993) The interaction between silicon and aluminium in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench:growth analysis and X-ray microanalysis[J]. Annals of Botany,72,389-400.
Hodson, M.J., Sangster, A.G (1999) Aluminum/silicon interactions in conifers[J]. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry,76,89-98.
Hodson, M.J., Sangster, A.G, Parry, D.W. (1982) Silicon deposition in the inflorescence bristles and macrohairs of Setaria italica (L.) Beauv[J]. Annals of Botany,50,843-850.
Hodson, M.J., White, P.J., Mead, A., Broadley, M.R. (2005) Phylogenetic variation in the silicon composition of plants[J]. Annals of Botany,96,1027-1046.
Holzhuter, G., Lakshminarayanan, K., Gerber, T. (2005) Silica structure in the spicules of the sponge Suberites domuncula[J]. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry,382,1121-1126.
Holzhuter, G., Narayanan, K., Gerber, T. (2003) Structure of silica in Equisetum arvense[J]. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry,376,512-517.
Hu, H., Zhou, H., Liang, J., An, L., Dai, A., Li, X., Yang, H., Yang, S., Wu, H. (2011) Facile synthesis of amino-functionalized hollow silica microspheres and their potential application for ultrasound imaging[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,358,392-398.
Hu, J.K., Shan, W., Zhang, W.J., Zhang, Y.H., Tang, Y. (2010) Morphological diversity of dual meso-structured HMS and their transformation process[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,129,210-219.
Hughes, N.P. (1989) In vivo and in vitro studies of biomineralization processes[M]. PhD thesis, Oxford University.
Hukkamaki, J., Pakkanen, T.T. (2003) Amorphous silica materials prepared by neutral templating route using amine-terminated templates [J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,65,189-196.
Iler, R.K. (1979) The Chemistry of Silica[M]. John Wiley & Sons, New York.1-896.
Im, S.H., Jeong, U., Xia, Y. (2005) Polymer Hollow Particles with Controllable Holes in Their Surfaces[J]. Nature Materials,4,671-675.
Imsiecke, G., Steffen, R., Custodio, M., Borojevic, R., Miiller, W.E.G. (1995) Formation of spicules by sclerocytes from the freshwater sponge Ephydatia muelleri in short-term cultures in vitro [J]. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology,31,528-535.
Inanaga, S., Okasaka, A. (1995) Calcium and silicon binding compounds in cell walls of rice shoots[J]. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,41,103-110.
Ingalls, A.E., Whitehead, K., Bridoux, M.C. (2010) Tinted windows:The presence of the UV absorbing compounds called mycosporine-like amino acids embedded in the frustules of marine diatoms [J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,74, 104-115.
Ivanisevic, J., Perez T., Ereskovsky, A.V., Barnathan, G, Thomas, O.P. (2011) Lysophospholipids in the Mediterranean sponge Oscarella tuberculata:seasonal variability and putative biological role[J]. Journal of Chemical Ecology,37, 537-545.
Jacobson, H., Stockmayer, W.H. (1950) Intramolecular Reaction in Polycondensations. I. The Theory of Linear Systems[J]. Journal of Chemical Physics,18,1600-1606.
Ji, Q., Iwaura, R., Kogiso, M., Jung, J.H., Yoshida, K., Shimizu, T. (2004) Direct sol-gel replication without catalyst in an aqueous gel system:From a lipid nanotube with a single bilayer wall to a uniform silica hollow cylinder with an ultrathin wall[J]. Chemistry of Materials,16,250-254.
Ji, Q., Iwaura, R., Shimizu, T. (2007) Regulation of silica nanotube diameters:Sol-gel transcription using solvent-sensitive morphological change of peptidic lipid nanotubes as templates [J]. Chemistry of Materials,19,1329-1334.
Ji, Q., Kamiya, S., Jung, J.H., Shimizu, T. (2005) Self-assembly of glycolipids on silica nanotube templates yielding hybrid nanotubes with concentric organic and inorganic layers[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,15,743-748.
Jiang, P., Bertone, J.F., Hwang, K.S., Colvin, V.L. (1999) Single-Crystal Colloidal Multilayers of Controlled Thickness [J]. Chemistry of Materials,11,2132-2140.
Jiang, S., Granick, S. (2008) Controlling the geometry (Janus balance) of amphiphilic colloidal particles[J]. Langmuir,24,2438-2445.
Jin, G.Q., Guo, X.Y. (2003) Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous silicon carbide[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,60,207-212.
Jones, L.H.P., Handreck, K.A. (1967) Silica in soils, plants and animals[J]. Advances in Agronomy,19,107-149.
Kao, H.M., Liao, Y.W., Ting, C.C. (2007) Synthesis of cubic mesoporous silica SBA-1 with bulky headgroup surfactant cetyltripropylammonium bromide[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,98,80-88.
Karkamkar, A.J., Kim, S.S., Mahanti, S.D., Pinnavaia, T.J. (2004) Lamellar mesostructured silicas with chemically significant hierarchical morphologies [J]. Advanced Functional Materials,14,507-512.
Kaufman, P.B., Bigelow, W.C., Schmid, R., Ghosheh, N.S. (1971) Electron microprobe analysis of silica in epidermal cells of Equisetum[J]. American Journal of Botany,58,309-316.
Kaufman, P.B., Dayanandan, P., Franklin, C.I., Takeoka, Y. (1985) Structure and function of silica bodies in the epidermal system of grass shoots [J]. Annals of Botany,55,487-507.
Kauss, H., Seehaus, K., Franke, R., Gilbert, S., Dietrich, R.A., Kroger, N. (2003) Silica deposition by a strongly cationic proline-rich protein from systemically resistant cucumber plants[J]. The Plant Journal,33,87-95.
Kim, S., Zhang, W., Pinnavaia, T. (1998) Ultrastable mesostructured silica vesicles[J]. Science,282,1302-1305.
Kim, S.S., Pauly, T.R., Pinnavaia, T.J. (2000) Non-ionic surfactant assembly of wormhole silica molecular sieves from water soluble silicates[J]. Chemical Communications,835-836.
Kinrade, S.D., Del Nin, J.W., Schach, A.S., Sloan, T.A., Wilson, K.L., Knight, C.T. (1999) Stable five- and six-coordinated silicate anions in aqueous solution[J]. Science,285,1542-1545.
Kinrade, S.D., Gillson, A.M.E., Knight, C.T.G. (2002) Silicon-29NMR evidence of a transient hexavalent silicon complex in the diatom Navicula pelliculosa[J]. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions,307-309.
Kinrade, S.D., Hamilton, R.J., Schach, A.S., Knight, C.T.G. (2001) Aqueous hypervalent silicon complexes with aliphatic sugar acids[J]. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions,961-963.
Kisailus, D., Choi, J.H., Weaver, J.C., Yang, W., Morse, D.E. (2005) Enzymatic synthesis and nanostructural control of gallium oxide at low temperature[J]. Advanced Materials,17,314-318.
Klinowski, J., Cheng, C., Sanz, J., Rojo, J., Mackay, A. (1998) Structural studies of tabasheer, an opal of plant origin[J]. Philosophical Magazine A,77,201-216.
Konno, Y., Naito, N., Yoshimura, A., Aramaki, K. (2010) Phase behavior and hydrated solid structure in lysophospholipid/long-chain alcohol/water system and effect of cholesterol addition[J]. Journal of Oleo Science,59,581-587.
Kooistra, W.H.C.F., De Stefano, M., Mann, D.G., Medlin, L.K. (2003) The phylogeny of diatoms[J]. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology,33,59-97.
Kooistra, W.H.C.F., Medlin, L.K. (1996) Evolution of the diatoms (Bacillariophyta).4. Reconstruction of their age from small subunit rRNA coding regions and the fossil record[J]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,6,391-407.
Kosuge, K., Murakami, T., Kikukawa, N., Takemori, M. (2003) Direct Synthesis of Porous Pure and Thiol-Functional Silica Spheres through the S+X-I+Assembly Pathway[J]. Chemistry of Materials,15,3184-3189.
Krasko, A., Lorenz, B., Batel, R., Schroder, H.C., Muller, I.M., Miiller, W.E.G. (2000) Expression of silicatein and collagen genes in the marine sponge Suberites domuncula is controlled by silicate and myotrophin[J]. European Journal of Biochemistry,267,4878-4887.
Kresge, C.T., Leonovicz, M.E., Roth, W.J., Vartuli, J.C., Beck, J.S. (1992) Ordered mesoporous molecular sieves synthesized by a liquid-crystal template mechanism[J]. Nature,359,710-712.
Kroger, N. (2007) Prescribing diatom morphology:toward genetic engineering of biological nanomaterials[J]. Current Opinion in Chemical Biology,11,662-669.
Kroger, N., Bergsdorf, C., Sumper, M. (1994) A new calcium-binding glycoprotein family constitutes a major diatom cell wall component [J]. EMBO Journal,13, 4676-4683.
Kroger, N., Bergsdorf, C., Sumper, M. (1996) Frustulins:domain conservation in a protein family associated with diatom cell walls [J]. European Journal of Biochemistry,239,259-264.
Kroger, N., Deutzmann, R., Bergsdorf, C., Sumper, M. (2000) Species-specific polyamines from diatoms control silica morphology[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA,97,14133-14138.
Kroger, N., Deutzmann, R., Sumper, M. (1999) Polycationic peptides from diatom biosilica that direct silica nanosphere formation[J]. Science,286,1129-1132.
Kroger, N., Deutzmann, R.. Sumper, M. (2001) Silica-precipitating peptides from diatoms. The chemical structure of silaffin-A from Cylindrotheca fusiformis[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry,276,26066-26070.
Kroger, N., Lehmann, G, Rachel, R., Sumper, M. (1997) Characterization of a 200-kDa diatom protein that is specifically associated with a silica-based substructure of the cell wall[J]. European Journal of Biochemistry,250,99-105.
Kroger, N., Lorenz, S., Brunner, E., Sumper, M. (2002) Self-assembly of highly phosphorylated silaffins and their function in biosilica morphogenesis [J]. Science,298,584-586.
Kroger, N., Poulsen, N. (2008) Diatoms-From cell wall biogenesis to nanotechnology[J]. Annual Review of Genetics,42,83-107.
Kroger, N., Sumper, M. (2004) The Molecular Basis of Diatom Biosilica Formation. In Biomineralization:Progress in Biology, Molecular Biology and Application [M]. Berlin:Wiley-VCH.135-158.
Kruk, M., Jaroniec, M. (2001) Gas adsorption characterization of ordered organic-inorganic nanocomposite materials [J]. Chemistry of Materials,13, 3169-3183.
Kruse, M., Leys, S.P., Muller, I.M., Muller, W.E.G. (1998) Phylogenetic position of Hexactinellida within the phylum Porifera based on amino acid sequence of the protein kinase C from Rhabdocalyptus dawsoni[J]. Journal of Molecular Evolution,46,721-728.
Kusari, U., Bao, Z., Cai, Y, Ahmad, G, Sandhage, K.H., Sneddon, L.G. (2007) Formation of nanostructured, nanocrystalline boron nitride microparticles with diatom-derived 3-D shapes[J]. Chemical Communications,1177-1179.
Lambert, J.B., Lu, G., Singer, S.R., Kolb, V.M. (2004) Silicate complexes of sugars in aqueous solution[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,126,9611-9625.
Lanning, F.C., Eleuterius, L.N. (1985) Silica and ash in tissues of some plants growing in the coastal areas of Mississippi, USA[J]. Annals of Botany,56, 157-172.
Lanning, F.C., Ponnaiya, B.W.X., Crumpton, C.F. (1958) The chemical nature of silica in plants[J]. Plant Physiology,33,339-343.
Larcher, W., Meindl, U., Ralser, E., Ishikawa, M. (1991) Persistent Supercooling and Silica Deposition in Cell Walls of Palm Leaves[J]. Journal of Plant Physiology, 139,146-154.
Lee, J.S., Park, J.H., Han, K.S. (2000) Effects of potassium silicate on growth, photosynthesis and inorganic ion absorption in cucumber hydroponics [J]. Journal of the Korean Society of Horticultural Science,41,480-484.
Leng, M.J., Swann, G.E.A., Hodson, M.J., Tyler, J.J., Patwardhan, S.V., Sloane, H.J. (2009) The potential use of silicon isotope composition of biogenic silica as a proxy for environmental change[J]. Silicon,1,65-11.
Lewin, J.C. (1961) The dissolution of silica from diatom cell walls[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,21,182-189.
Li, J., Xu, Y., Wu, D., Sun, Y. (2004) Hydrothermal synthesis of novel sandwich-like structured ZnS/octylamine hybrid nanosheets[J]. Solid State Communications, 130,619-622.
Li, M., Xue, J. (2011) Facile route to synthesize polyurethane hollow microspheres with size-tunable single holes[J]. Langmuir,27,3229-3232.
Li, Y.H., Xu, C.L., Wei, B.Q., Zhang, X.F., Zheng, MX, Wu, D.H., Ajayan, P.M. (2002) Self-organized ribbons of aligned carbon nanotubes[J]. Chemistry of Materials,14,483-485.
Liang, Y.C., Shen, Q., Shen, Z., Ma, T. (1996) Effects of silicon on salinity tolerance of two barley cultivars[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition,19,173-183.
Lin, H.P., Mou, C.Y. (1996) "Tubules-within-a-tubule" hierarchical order of mesoporous molecular sieves in MCM-41[J]. Science,273,765-768.
Lin, H.Y., Chen, Y.W. (2005) Preparation of spherical hexagonal mesoporous silica[J]. Journal of Porous Materials,12,95-105.
Lin, Y.Y., Qiao, Y, Gao, C., Tang, P.F., Liu, Y, Li, Z.B., Yan, Y, Huang, J.B. (2010) Tunable One-Dimensional Helical Nanostructures:From Supramolecular Self-Assemblies to Silica Nanomaterials[J]. Chemistry of Materials,22, 6711-6717.
Lipowaky, R., Sackmann, E. (1995) Structure and dynamics of membranes[M]. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.1052 pp.
Liu, B., Zhang, C.L., Liu, J.G, Qu, X.Z., Yang, Z.Z. (2009b) Janus non-spherical colloids by asymmetric wet-etching[J]. Chemical Communications,3871-3873.
Liu, J., Wang, B., Hartono, S.B., Liu, T., Kantharidis, P., Middelberg, A.P., Lu, G.Q., He, L., Qiao, S.Z. (2012) Magnetic silica spheres with large nanopores for nucleic acid adsorption and cellular uptake[J]. Biomaterials,33,970-978.
Liu, J., Yang, Q. H., Zhang, L., Jiang, D. M., Shi, X., Zhong, H., Li, C. (2007) Thioether-bridged Mesoporous Organosilicas:Mesophase Transformations Induced by the Bridged Organosilane Precursor[J]. Advanced Functional Materials,17,569-576.
Liu, S., Rao, J.C., Sui, X., Cool, P., Vansant, E.F., Van Tendeloo, G, Cheng, X. (2008) Preparation of hollow silica spheres with different mesostructures[J]. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,354,826-830.
Liu, X.B., Sun, H., Chen, Y, Yang, Y.H., Borgna, A. (2009a) Preparation of spherical large-particle MCM-41 with a broad particle-size distribution by a modified pseudomorphic transformation[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,121, 73-78.
Livage, J., Coradin, T. (2006) Living Cells in Oxide Glasses[J]. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry,64,315-332.
Losic, D., Mitchell, J.G, Voelcker, N.H. (2009) Diatomaceous lessons in nanotechnology and advanced materials[J]. Advanced Materials,21,2947-2958.
Lowenstam, H.A. (1981) Minerals formed by organisms[J]. Science,211,1126-1131.
Lowenstam, H.A., Weiner, S. (1989) On Biomineralization[M]. Oxford:Oxford Univ. Press.
Lu, Q.F., Chen, D.R., Jiao, X.L. (2005) Fabrication of mesoporous silica microtubules through the self-assembly behavior of beta-cyclodextrin and Triton X-100 in aqueous solution[J]. Chemistry of Materials,17,4168-4173.
Lutz, K., Groger, C., Sumper, M., Brunner, E. (2005) Biomimetic silica formation: analysis of the phosphate-induced self-assembly of polyamines[J]. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics,7,2812-2815.
Ma, J.F. (2003) Functions of silicon in higher plants[J]. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology,33,127-147.
Ma, J.F., Goto, S., Tamai. K., Ichii, M. (2001a) Role of root hairs and lateral roots in silicon up take by rice plant[J]. Plant Physiology,127,1773-1780.
Ma, J.F., Miyake, Y, Takahashi, E. (2001b) Silicon as a beneficial element for crop plants[A]. Studies in Plant Science,8,17-39.
Ma, J.F., Sasaki, M., Matsumoto, K. (1997) Al-induced inhibition of root elongation in corn, Zea mays L. is overcome by Si addition[J]. Plant Soil,188,171-176.
Ma, J.F., Takahashi E. (1990) Effect of silicon on the growth and phosphorus uptake of rice[J]. Plant Soil,126,115-119.
Ma, J.F., Takahashi E. (2002) Soil, fertilizer, and plant silicon research in Japan[M]. Amsterdam:Elsevier Science.
Ma, J.F., Tamai, K., Yamaji, N., Mitani, N., Konishi, S., Katsuhara, M., Ishiguro, M., Murata, Y., Yano, M. (2006) A silicon transporter in rice[J]. Nature,440, 688-691.
Ma, J.F., Yamaji, N. (2006) Silicon uptake and accumulation in higher plants[J]. Trends in Plant Science,11,392-397.
Ma, J.F., Yamaji, N., Mitani, N., Tamai, K., Konishi, S., Fujiwara, T., Katsuhara, M., Yano, M. (2007) An efflux transporter of silicon in rice[J]. Nature,448,209-212.
Mann, S. (1993) Molecular tectonics in biomineralization and biomimetic materials chemistry[J]. Nature,365,499-505.
Mann, S. (2001) Biomineralization:Principles and concepts in bioinorganic materials chemistry (Oxford Chemistry Masters)[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press. 210 p.
Mann, S., Ozin, G.A. (1996) Synthesis of inorganic materials with complex form[J]. Nature,382,313-318.
Mann, S., Perry, C.C. (1986) Structural aspects of biogenic silica[J]. Ciba Foundation Symposium,121,40-58.
Marschner, H. (1995) Mineral nutrition of higher plants[M].2nd ed. San Diego: Academic Press.
Martin-Jezequel, V., Hildebrand, M., Brzezinski, M.A. (2000) Silicon metabolism in diatoms:implications for growth[J]. Journal of Phycology,36,821-840.
Marumo, Y. (1986) Morphological analysis of opal phytoliths for soil discrimination in forensic science investigations[J]. Journal of Forensic Sciences,31, 1039-1049.
Masuda, Y, Itoh, M., Yonezawa, T., Koumoto, K. (2002) Low-dimensional arrangement of SiO2 particles[J]. Langmuir,18,4155-4159.
Matsukizono, H., Jin, R.H. (2012) High-Temperature-Resistant Chiral Silica Generated on Chiral Crystalline Templates at Neutral pH and Ambient Conditions [J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,51,5862-5865.
Matsunaga, S., Sakai, R., Jimbo, M., Kamiya, H. (2007) Long-chain polyamines (LCPAs) from marine sponge:Possible implication in spicule formation[J]. ChemBioChem,8,1729-1735.
Meegan, J.E., Aggeli, A., Boden, N., Brydson, R., Brown, A.P., Carrick, L., Brough, A.R., Hussain, A., Ansell, R.J. (2004) Designed self-assembled beta-sheet peptide fibrils as templates for silica nanotubes[J]. Advanced Functional Materials,14,31-37.
Meldrum, F.C., Colfen, H. (2008) Controlling mineral morphologies and structures in biological and synthetic systems[J]. Chemical Reviews,108,4332-4432.
Michaux, F., Carteret, C., Stebe,M.J., Blin, J.L. (2004) A facile approach to load CdSe nanocrystallites into mesoporous SBA-15[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics,88,192-196.
Michaux, F., Carteret, C., Stebe, M.J., Blin, J.L. (2008) Hydrothermal stability of mesostructured silica prepared using a nonionic fluorinated surfactant[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,116,308-317.
Milligan, A.J., Morel, F.M.M. (2002) A proton buffering role for silica in diatoms[J]. Science,297,1848-1850.
Minami, H., Kobayashi, H., Okubo, M. (2005) Preparation of hollow polymer particles with a single hole in the shell by SaPSeP[J]. Langmuir,21,5655-5658.
Minchin, E.A. (1909) Sponge-spicules:a summary of present knowledge[J]. Ergebnisse und Fortschritte der Zoologie,2,171-274.
Mitani, N., Chiba, Y., Yamaji, N. (2009a) Identification and characterization of maize and barley Lsi2-like silicon efflux transporters reveals a distinct silicon uptake system from that in rice[J]. The Plant Cell,21,2133-2142.
Mitani, N., Ma, J.F. (2005) Uptake system of silicon in different plant species[J]. Journal of Experimental Biology,56,1255-1261.
Mitani, N., Ma, J.F., Iwashita, T. (2005) Identification of the silicon form in xylem sap of rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology,46,279-283.
Mitani, N., Yamaji, N., Ma, J.F. (2009b) Identification of maize silicon influx transporters[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology,50,5-12.
Mitzutani, T., Nagase, H., Fujiwara, N., Ogoshi, H. (1998) Silicic acid polymerization catalyzed by amines and polyamines[J]. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan,71,2017-2022.
Miyaji, F., Davis, S.A., Charmant, J.P.H., Mann, S. (1999) Organic Crystal Templating of Hollow Silica Fibers[J]. Chemistry of Materials,11,3021-3024.
Moller, R., Csaki, A., Kohler, J. M., Fritzsche, W. (2001) Electrical Classification of the Concentration of Bioconjugated Metal Colloids after Surface Adsorption and Silver Enhancement [J]. Langmuir,17,5426-5430.
Montsant, A., Jabbari, K., Maheswari, U., Bowler, C. (2005) Comparative genomics of the pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum[J].Plant Physiology,137, 500-513.
Morse, D.E. (1999) Silicon biotechnology:harnessing biological silica production to construct new materials[J]. Trends in Biotechnology,17,230-232.
Morse, D.E. (2000) Silicon biotechnology:proteins, genes and molecular mechanisms controlling biosilica nanofabrication offer new routes to polysiloxane synthesis[M]. In:Auner, N., Weis, J. (Eds.), Organosilicon Chemistry IV:From Molecules to Materials. Wiley-VCH, New York, pp.5-16.
Motomura, H., Fujii, T., Suzuki, M. (2004) Silica deposition in relation to aging of leaf tissues in Sasa veitchii (Carriere) Rehder (Poaceae:Bambusoideae)[J]. Annals of Botany,93,235-248.
Moussa, H.R. (2006) Influence of exogenous application of silicon on physiological response of salt stressed maize (Zea mays L.)[J]. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology,8,293-297.
Mulholland, S.C., Lawlor, E.J., Rovner, I. (1992) Annotated bibliography of phytolith systematics[M]. In:Rapp Jr., G. and Mulholland, S. C.(eds.), Phytolith Systematics, Plenum Press, New York, pp.277-322.
Mulholland, S.C., Rapp Jr., G. (1992) Phytolith systematics:an introduction[M], pp. 1-13. In:Rapp Jr., G. and Mulholland, S. C. (eds.), Phytolith Systematics, Plenum Press, New York.
Miiller, W.E.G. (1995) Molecular phylogeny of Metazoa (Animals):monophyletic origin[J]. Naturwissenschaften,82,321-329.
Muller, W.E.G. (1998a) Molecular phylogeny of Eumetazoa:genes in sponges (Porifera) give evidence for monophyly of animals [J]. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology,19,89-132.
Muller, W.E.G. (1998b) Origin of Metazoa:Sponges as living fossils[J]. Naturwissenschaften,85,11-25.
Muller, W.E.G. (2001) How was the metazoan threshold crossed:the hypothetical Urmetazoa[J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology:Part A,129,433-460.
Muller, W.E.G. (2003) Silicon Biomineralization[M]. Springer, Berlin.
Muller, W.E.G., Belikov, S.I., Tremel, W., Perry, C.C., Gieskes, W.W.C., Boreiko, A., Schroder, H.C. (2006a) Siliceous spicules in marine demosponges (example Suberites domuncula)[J]. Micron,37,107-120.
Muller, W.E.G., Kaluzhnaya, O.V., Belikov, S.I., Rothenberger, M., Schroder, H.C., Reiber, A., Kaandorp, J.A., Manz, B., Mietchen, D., Volke, F. (2006b) Magnetic resonance imaging of the siliceous skeleton of the demosponge Lubomirskia baicalensis[J]. Journal of Structural Biology,153,31-41.
Muller, W.E.G, Krasko, A., Le Pennec, G, Steffen, R., Ammar, M.S.A., Wiens, M., Muller, I.M., Schroder, H.C. (2003) Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology,33,122-195.
Muller, W.E.G., Rothenberger, M., Boreiko, A., Tremel, W., Reiber, A., Schroder, H.C. (2005a) Formation of siliceous spicules in the marine demosponge Suberites domuncula[J]. Cell and Tissue Research,321,285-297.
Muller, W.E.G., Schroder, H.C., Krasko, A.N. (2005b) In vitro or in vivo degradation or synthesis of silicon dioxide and silicones, useful e.g. for treating silicosis or to prepare prosthetic materials, using a new silicase enzyme[P]. German Patent, 10246186.
Muller, W.E.G., Schroder, H.C., Lorenz, B., Krasko, A. (2004) Silicatein-mediated synthesis of amorphous silicates and siloxanes and use thereof[P]. European Patent, No. EP1320624.
Muller, W.E.G., Wang, X., Belikov, S.I., Tremel, W., SchloBmacher, U., Natoli, A., Brandt, D., Boreiko, A., Tahir, M.N., Muller, I.M., Schroder, H.C. (2007) Biological aspects and structure formation[M]. In:Bauerlein E (ed) Handbook of biomineralization, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 59-82.
Muller, W.E.G., Wang, X., Cui, F.Z., Jochum, K.P., Tremel, W., Bill, J., Schroder, H.C., Natalio, F., SchloBmacher, U., Wiens, M. (2009) Sponge spicules as blueprints for the biofabrication of inorganic-organic composites and biomaterials[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,83,397-413.
Muller, W.E.G., Wendt, K., Geppert, C., Wiens, M., Reiber, A., Schroder, H.C. (2006c) Novel photoreception system in sponges?:Unique transmission properties of the stalk spicules from the hexactinellid Hyalonemasieboldi[J]. Biosensors and Bioelectronics,21,1149-1155.
Murr, M.M., Morse, D.E. (2005) Fractal intermediates in the self-assembly of silicatein filaments[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 102,11657-11662.
Nakajima, T., Volcani, B.E. (1969) 3,4-Dihydroxyproline:A New Amino Acid in Diatom Cell Walls[J]. Science,164,1400-1401.
Nakajima, T., Volcani, B.E. (1970) ε-N-trimethyl-L-δ-hydroxylysine phosphate and its nonphosphorylated compound in diatom cell walls[J]. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,39,28-33.
Nakamura, H., Matsui, Y. (1995) Silica gel nanotubes obtained by the sol-gel method[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,117,2651-2652.
Nassif, N., Livage, J. (2011) From diatoms to silica-based biohybrids[J]. Chemical Society Reviews,40,849-859.
Nelson, D.M., Treguer, P., Brzezinski, M.A., Leynaert, A., Queguiner, B. (1995) Production and dissolution of biogenic silica in the ocean:revised global estimates, comparison with regional data and relationship to biogenic sedimentation[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles,9,359-372.
Neumann, D., Lichtenberger, O., Schwieger, W., zur Nieden, U. (1997) Silicon storage in selected dicotyledons [J]. Botanica Acta,110,282-290.
Neumann, D., zur Nieden, U. (2001) Silicon and heavy metal tolerance of higher plants[J]. Phytochemistry,56,685-692.
Newman, R. (1983) Asbestos-like fibers of biogenic silica in sugar cane[J]. Lancet, 332,857.
Nimer, N.A., Ling, M.X., Brownlee, C., Merrett, M.J. (1999) Inorganic Carbon limitation, exofacial carbonic anhydrase activity, and plasma membrane redox activity in marine phyroplankton species [J]. Journal of Phycology,35, 1200-1205.
Nishimura, K., Miyaki, Y., Takahashi, E. (1989) On silicon, aluminium, and zinc accumulators discriminated from 147 species of Angiospermae[J]. Memoirs of the College of Agriculture, Kyoto University,133,23-43.
Noll, F., Sumper, M., Hampp, N. (2002) Nanostructure of diatom silica surfaces and of biomimetic analogues[J]. Nano Letters,2,91-95.
Ocuda, A., Takanashi, E. (1964) The role of silican [A]. In:The mineral nutrition of the rice plant. Baltimore, Md:The Johns Hopkins Press, p 123-146.
Ohkubo, T., Ogura, T., Sakai, H., Abe, M. (2007) Synthesis of highly-ordered mesoporous silica particles using mixed cationic and anionic surfactants as templates[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,312,42-46.
Oliver, S., Kupermann, A., Coombs, N., Lough, A., Ozin, G.A. (1995) Lamellar alumino-phosphates with surface patterns that mimic diatom and radiolarian microskeletons[J]. Nature,378,47-50.
O'Neill, C.H., Hodges, G, Riddle, P., Jordan, P., Newman, R., Flood, R., Toulson, E. (1980) A fine fibrous silica contaminant of flour in the high oesophageal cancer area of northeast Iran[J]. International Journal of Cancer,26,617-628.
O'Neill, C.H., Jordan, P., Bhatt, T., Newman, R. (1986) Silica and oesophageal cancer[M]. pp.214-230. In:Evered, D. and O'Connor, M.(eds.), Silicon Biochemistry, Ciba Found. Syrup.121, Wiley, Chichester, U. K.
Palsdottir, H., Hunte, C. (2004) Lipids in membrane protein structures[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta,1666,2-18.
Park, B.J., Furst, E.M. (2010) Fabrication of unusual asymmetric colloids at an oil-water interface[J]. Langmuir,26,10406-10410.
Park, I., Pinnavaia, T.J. (2009) Large-pore mesoporous silica with three-dimensional wormhole framework structures[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,118, 239-244.
Parry, D.W., Hodson, M.J., Newman, R.H. (1985) The distribution of silicon deposits in the fronds of Pteridium aquilinum L[J]. Annals of Botany,55,77-83.
Parry, D.W., Hodson, M.J., Sangster, A.G (1984) Some recent advances in studies of silicon in higher plants[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences,304,537-549.
Parry, D.W., O'Neill, C.H., Hodson, M.J. (1986) Opaline silica deposits in the leaves of Bidens pilosa and their possible significance in cancer[J]. Annals of Botany, 58,641-647.
Patwardhan, S.V. (2011) Biomimetic and bioinspired silica:recent developments and applications[J]. Chemical Communications,47,7567-7582.
Patwardhan, S.V., Clarson, S.J., Perry, C.C. (2005) On the role(s) of additives in bioinspired silicification[J]. Chemical Communications,1113-1121.
Patwardhan, S.V., Maheshwari, R., Mukherjee, N., Kiick, K.L., Clarson, S.J. (2006) Conformation and Assembly of Polypeptide Scaffolds in Templating the Synthesis of Silica:An Example of a Polylysine Macromolecular "Switch"[J]. Biomacromolecules,7,491-497.
Patwardhan, S.V., Mukherjee, N., Steinitz-Kannan, M., Clarson, S.J. (2003) Bioinspired synthesis of new silica structures[J]. Chemical Communications, 1122-1123.
Pauly, T.R., Pinnavaia, T.J. (2001) Pore Size Modification of Mesoporous HMS Molecular Sieve Silicas with Wormhole Framework Structures [J]. Chemistry of Materials,13,987-993.
Perovic-Ottstadt, S., Wiens, M., Schroder, H.C., Batel, R., Giovine, M., Krasko, A., Muller, I.M., Miiller, W.E.G. (2005) Arginine kinase in the demosponge Suberites domuncula:regulation of its expression and catalytic activity by silicic acid[J]. Journal of Experimental Biology,208,637-646.
Perry, C.C. (1989) Chemical and Biochemical Perspectives, in Biomineralisation[M]. ed. S. Mann, J. Webb and R. J. P. Williams, VCH, pp.223-257.
Perry, C.C. (2003) Silica Formation in Sponges[M]. In:Dove, P.M., De Yoreo, J.J., Weiner, S., eds. Biomineralization. Washington:The Mineralogical Society of America, pp,291-304.
Perry, C.C., Belton, D., Shafran, K. (2003) Studies of biosilicas, structural aspects, chemical principles, model studies and the future[J]. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology,33,269-299.
Perry, C.C., Fraser, M.A. (1991) Silica deposition and ultrastructure in the cell wall of Equisetum arvense:the importance of cell wall structures and flow control in biosilicification[J]? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B, 334,149-157.
Perry, C.C., Keeling-Tucker, T. (1998) Crystalline silica prepared at room temperature from aqueous solution in the presence of intrasilica bioextracts[J]. Chemical Communications,2587-2588.
Perry, C.C., Keeling-Tucker, T. (2000) Biosilicification:the role of the organic matrix in structure control[J]. Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry,5,537-550.
Perry, C.C., Keeling-Tucker, T. (2003) Model studies of colloidal silica precipitation using biosilica extracts from Equisetum telmatia[J]. Colloid and Polymer Science, 281,652-664.
Perry, C.C., Lu, Y. (1992) Preparation of silicas from silicon complexes:role of cellulose in polymerisation and aggregation control [J]. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions,88,2915-2921.
Perry, C.C., Mann, S., Williams, R.J.P. (1984) Structural and analytical studies of the silicified macrohairs from the lemma of the grass Phalaris canariensis L[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B,222,427-438.
Piperno, D. (1988) Phytolith Analysis:An Archaeological and Geological Perspectives[M]. New York:Academic Press.
Poulsen, N., Kroger, N. (2004) Silica morphogenesis by alternative processing of silaffins in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry,279,42993-42999.
Poulsen, N., Sumper, M, Kroger, N. (2003) Biosilica formation in diatoms: characterization of native silaffin-2 and its role in silica morphogenesis [J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA,100,12075-12080.
Pozzolini, M., Sturla, L., Cerrano, C., Bavestrello, G., Camardella, L., Parodi, A.M., Raheli, F., Benatti, U., Muller, W.E.G., Giovine, M. (2004) Molecular cloning of silicatein gene from marine sponge Petrosia ficiformis (Porifera, Demospongiae) and development of primmorphs as a model for biosilicification studies[J]. Marine Biotechnology,6,594-603.
Qu, X.F., Yao, Q.Z., Zhou, G.T., Fu, S.Q., Huang, J.L. (2010) Formation of Hollow Magnetite Microspheres and Their Evolution into Durian-like Architectures [J]. Journal of Physical Chemistry C,114,8734-8740.
Radu, D.R., Lai, C.Y., Huang, J.G, Shu, X., Lin, V.S.-Y. (2005) Fine-tuning the degree of organic functionalization of mesoporous silica nanosphere materials via an interfacially designed co-condensation method[J]. Chemical Communications,1264-1266.
Rafi, M.M., Epstein, E., Falk, R.H. (1997) Silicon deprivation causes physical abnormalities in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)[J]. Journal of Plant Physiology, 151,497-501.
Rahman, M., Kawamura, K., Koyama, H., Hara, T. (1998) Varietal differences in the growth of rice plants in response to aluminum and silicon[J]. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,44,423-431.
Ramanathan, R., Campbell, J.L., Soni, S.K., Bhargava, S.K., Bansal, V. (2011) Cationic amino acids specific biomimetic silicification in ionic liquid:a quest to understand the formation of 3-D structures in diatoms[J]. PLoS One,6, e17707.
Rampen, S.W., Schouten, S., Hopmans, E.C., Abbas, B., Noordeloos, A.A.M., van Bleijswijk, J.D.L., Geenevasen, J.A.J., Sinninghe, D.J.S. (2009) Diatoms as a source for 4-desmethyl-23,24-dimethyl steroids in sediments and petroleum[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,73,377-387.
Raven, J.A. (1983) The transport and function of silicon in plants[J]. Biological Reviews,58,179-207.
Reimann, B.E.F., Lewin, J.C., Volcani, B.E. (1965) Studies on the biochemistry and fine structure of silica shell formation in diatoms. I. The Structure of the Cell Wall of Cylindrotheca fusiformis[J]. Journal of Cell Biology,24,39-55.
Reiswig, H.M., Mackie, G.O. (1983) Studies on Hexactinellid sponges. III. The taxonomic status of Hexactinellida within the porifera[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society,301,419-428.
Repo, E., Warchol, J.K., Bhatnagar, A., Sillanpaa, M. (2011) Heavy metals adsorption by novel EDTA-modified chitosan-silica hybrid materials[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,358,261-267.
Rodrigues, F.A., Benhamou, N., Datnoff, L.E., Jones, J.B., Belanger, R.R. (2003) Ultrastructural and cytochemical aspects of silicon-mediated rice blast resistance[J]. Phytopathology,93,535-546.
Rodriguez, F., Glawe D.D., Naik, R.R., Hallinan, K.P., Stone, M.O. (2004) Study of the chemical and physical influences upon in vitro peptide-mediated silica formation[J]. Biomacromolecules,5,261-265.
Rogerson, A., Defreitas, A.S.W., Mcinnes, A.G. (1986) Observations on wall morphogenesis in Coscinodiscus asteromphalus (Bacillariophyceae)[J]. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society,105,59-67.
Round, F.E., Crawford, R.M., Mann, D.G. (1990) The Diatoms:Biology & Morphology of the Genera[M]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Rovner, I., Russ, J.C. (1992) Darwin and design in phytolith systematics[M]. In:Rapp Jr., G. and Mulholland, S. C. (eds.), Phytolith Systematics, Plenum Press, New York, pp.253-276.
Rycenga, M., Camargo, P.H.C., Xia, Y. (2009) Template-assisted self-assembly:a versatile approach to complex micro- and nanostructures[J]. Soft Matter,5, 1129-1136.
Sadasivan, S., Khushalani, D., Mann, S. (2005) Synthesis of calcium phosphate nanofilaments in reverse micelles[J]. Chemistry of Materials,17,2765-2770.
Sakai, W.S., Thorn, M. (1979) Localization of silicon and specific cell wall layers of the stomatal apparatus of sugar cane by use of energy dispersive X-ray analysis[J]. Annals of Botany,44,245-248.
Sandford, F. (2003) Physical and chemical analysis of the siliceous skeleton in six sponges of two groups (Demospongiae and Hexactinellida)[J]. Microscopy Research and Technique,62,336-355.
Sangster, A.G, Hodson, M.J. (2001) Silicon and aluminium codeposition in the cell wall phytoliths of gymnosperm leaves[M]. In:Meunier, J. D., Colin, F., and Faure-Denard, L. (eds.), The Phytoliths. Applications in Earth Science and Human History, Taylor & Francis.
Sangster, A.G. (1978) Silicon in the roots of higher plants[J]. American Journal of Botany,65,929-935.
Sangster, A.G, Hodson, M.J. (1986) Silica in higher plants[M]. Evered D, eds. Silicon biochemistry. New York:John Wiley and Sons, p 90-111.
Saunders, GW., Potrert, D., Paskind, M.P., Andersen, R.A. (1995) Cladistic analyses of combined traditional and molecular data sets reveal an algal lineage[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA,92,244-248.
Savant, N.K., Korndorfer, GH., Datnoff, L.E., Snyder, G.H. (1999) Silicon nutrition and sugarcane production a review[J], Journal of Plant Nutrition,22,1853-1903.
Savant, N.K., Snyder, G.H., Dantnoff, L.E. (1997) Silicon management and sustainable rice production[J]. Advances in Agronomy,58,151-199.
Sayari, A., Kruk, M., Jaroniec, M., Moudrakovski, I.L. (1998) New Approaches to Pore Size Engineering of Mesoporous Silicates[J]. Advanced Materials,10, 1376-1379.
Schmid, A.M.M., Schulz, D. (1979) Wall Morphogenesis in Diatoms:Deposition of Silica by Cytoplasmic Vesicles[J]. Protoplasma,100,267-288.
Schmid, A.M.M., Volcani, B.E. (1983) Wall morphogenesis in Coscinodiscus wailesii Gran and Angst. I. Valve morphology and development of its architecture[J]. Journal of Phycology,19,387-402.
Schroder, H.C., Boreiko, A., Korzhev, M., Tahir, M.N., Tremel, W., Eckert, C., Ushijima, H., Muller, I.M., Muller, W.E.G. (2006) Co-expression and functional interaction of silicatein with galectin:matrix-guided formation of siliceous spicules in the marine demosponge Suberites domuncula[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry,281,12001-12009.
Schroder, H.C., Natalio, F., Shukoor, I., Tremel, W., SchloBmacher, U., Wang, X.H., Muller, W.E.G. (2007) Apposition of silica lamellae during growth of spicules in the demosponge Suberites domuncula:biological/biochemical studies and chemical/biomimetical confirmation [J]. Journal of Structural Biology,159, 325-334.
Schroder, H.C., Perovic-Ottstadt, S., Rothenberger, M., Wiens, M., Schwertner, H., Batel, R., Korzhev, M., Muller, I.M., Muller, W.E.G. (2004) Silica transport in the demosponge Suberites domuncula:fluorescence emission analysis using the PDMPO probe and cloning of a potential transporter [J]. Biochemical Journal, 381,665-673.
Schroder, H.C., Wang, X., Tremel, W., Ushijimad, H., Muller, W.E.G. (2008) Biofabrication of biosilica-glass by living organisms[J]. Natural Product Reports, 25,455-474.
Schroder, H.C., Wiens, M., SchloBmacher, U., Brandt, D., Muller W.E.G. (2012) Silicatein-mediated polycondensation of orthosilicic acid:Modeling of a catalytic mechanism involving ring formation[J]. Silicon,4,33-38.
Schultze, M. (1860) Die Hyalonemen[M]. Bonn:bei Adolph Marcus.
Schulze, F.E. (1887) The Hexactinellida [M]. In Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873-1876, under the Command of Captain George S. Nares, R.N., F.R.S. and the late Captain Frank Tourle Thomson, R.N. Narrative (Tizard TH, Moseley HN, Buchanan JY & Murray J, eds), Vol. I, pp.437-451. Longmans & Co., London.
Schwab, D.W., Shore, R.E. (1971) Fine structure and composition of a siliceous sponge spicule[J]. The Biological Bulletin,140,125-136.
Seddon, A.M., Patel, H.M., Burkett, S.L., Mann, S. (2002) Chiral templating of silica-lipid lamellar mesophase with helical tubular architecture [J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,41,2988-2991.
Sekiya, R., Nishikiori, S. (2011) Structural Extension from an Isonicotinic Acid Dimer to 4-(4-Pyridyl)benzoic Acid (pybenH) Dimer:X-ray Crystal Structure Analysis and Inclusion Properties of a Hydrogen-Bonded Coordination Polymer [Ni(SCN)2(pybenH)2][J]. Crystal Growth & Design,11,5574-5591.
Seshadri, M., Bennison, S.J., Jagota, A., Saigal, S. (2002) Mechanical response of cracked laminated plates[J]. Acta Materialia,50,4477-4490.
Setaro, A., Lettieri, S., Maddalena, P., De Stefano, L. (2007) Highly sensitive optochemical gas detection by luminescent marine diatoms[J]. Applied Physics Letters,91,051921.
Shan, W., Wang, B., Zhang, Y, Tang, Y. (2005) Fabrication of lotus-leaf-like nanoporous silica flakes with controlled thickness [J]. Chemical Communications, 1877-1879.
Shariatmadaria, H., Mermut, A.R. (1999) Magnesium and silicon-induced phosphate desorp tion in smectite, palygorskite, and sepiolite-calcite systems[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal,63,1167-1173.
Shi, J.Y., Yao, Q.Z., Li, X.M., Zhou, G.T., Fu, S.Q. (2012) Controlled morphogenesis of amorphous silica and its relevance to biosilicification[J]. American Mineralogist,97,1381-1393.
Shi, Q., Bao, Z., Zhu, Z., He., Y, Qian, Q., Yu, J. (2005) Silicon-mediated alleviation of Mn toxicity in Cucumis sativus in relation to activities of superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase[J]. Phytochemistry,66,1551-1559.
Shimizu, K., Cha, J., Stucky, GD., Morse, D.E. (1998) Silicatein alpha:cathepsin L-like protein in sponge biosilica[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA,95,6234-6238.
Shimizu, K., Morse, D.E. (2000) Biological and biomimetic synthesis of silica and other polysiloxanes[M]. In:Baeuerlein, E. (Ed.), Biomineralization:From Biology to Biotechnology and Medical Application. Wiley-VCH, New York, pp. 207-220.
Sigel, A., Sigel, H., Sigel, R.K.O. (Eds.) (2008) Biomineralization:From Nature to Application[M].4. Metal Ions in Life Sciences. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.,700 pp.
Simpson, T.L. (1984) The Cell Biology of Sponges[M]. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Simpson, T.L., Volcani, B.E., (Eds.). (1981) Silicon and Siliceous Structures in Biological Systems[M]. New York:Springer-Verlag.1-587.
Sing, K.S.W., Everett, D.H., Haul, R.A.W., Moscou, L., Pierotti, R.A., Rouquerol, J., Siemieniewska, T. (1985) Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity[J]. Pure and Applied Chemistry,57,603-619.
Smetacek, V. (1999) Diatoms and the ocean carbon cycle[J]. Protist,150,25-32.
Smithson, F. (1956) Silica particles in some British soils[J]. Journal of Soil Science,7, 122-129.
Sommer, M., Kaczorek, D., Kuzyakov, Y, Breuer, J. (2006) Silicon pools and fluxes in soils and landscapes-a review[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 169,310-329.
Soni, S.L., Parry, D.W. (1973) Electron probe microanalysis of silicon deposition in the inflorescence bracts of the rice plant (Oryza sativa)[J]. American Journal of Botany,60,111-116.
Stober, W., Fink, A., Bohn, E. (1968) Controlled growth of monodisperse silica spheres in the micron size range[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,26, 62-69.
Sultemeyer, D. (1998) Carbonic anhydrase in eukaryotic algae:characterization, regulation, and possible function during photosynthesis [J]. Canadian Journal of Botany,76,962-972.
Sumerel, J.L., Morse, D.E. (2003) Biotechnological advances in biosilicification[M]. In:Muller, W.E. (Ed.), Prog. Molec. Subcellular Biol.33:Silicon Biomineralization:Biology-Biochemistry-Molecular Biology-Biotechnology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp.225-247.
Sumerel, J.L., Yang, W., Kisailus, D., Weaver, J.C., Choi, J.H., Morse, D.E. (2003) Biocatalytically Templated Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide[J]. Chemistry of Materials,15,4804-4809.
Sumper, M. (2002) A phase separation model for the nanopatterning of diatom biosilica[J]. Science,295,2430-2433.
Sumper, M. (2004) Biomimetic patterning of silica by long-chain polyamines[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,43,2251-2254.
Sumper, M., Brunner, E. (2006) Learning from diatoms:Nature's tools for the production of nanostructured silica[J]. Advanced Functional Materials,16, 17-26.
Sumper, M., Brunner, E., Lehmann, G. (2005) Biomineralization in diatoms: characterization of novel poly-amines associated with silica[J]. FEBS Letters, 579,3765-3769.
Sumper, M., Hett, R., Lehmann, G, Wenzl, S. (2007) A code for lysine modifications of a silica biomineralizing silaffin protein[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,46,8405-8408.
Sumper, M., Kroger, N. (2004) Silica formation in diatoms:the function of long-chain polyamines and silaffins[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,14,2059-2065.
Sumper, M., Lehmann, G. (2006) Silica pattern formation in diatoms:species-specific polyamine biosynthesis [J]. ChemBioChem,7,1419-1427.
Sumper, M., Lorenz, S., Brunner, E. (2003) Biomimetic control of size in the polyamine-directed formation of silica nanospheres[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,42,5192-5195.
Sundar, V.C., Yablon, A.D., Grazul, J.L., Ilan, M., Aizenberg, J. (2003) Fibre-optical features of a glass sponge[J]. Nature,424,899-900.
Tahir, M.N., Eberhardt, M., Therese, H.A., Kolb, U., Theato, P., Muller, W.E.G., Schroder, H.C., Tremel, W. (2006) From Single Molecules to Nanoscopically Structured Functional Materials:Au Nanocrystal Growth on TiO2 Nanowires Controlled by Surface-Bound Silicatein[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,45,4803-4809.
Tahir, M.N., Theato, P., Muller, W.E.G., Schroder, H.C., Borejko, A., Faiβ, S., Janshoff, A., Huth J., Tremel, W. (2005) Formation of layered titania and zirconia catalysed by surface-bound silicatein[J]. Chemical Communications, 5533-5535.
Tahir, M.N., Theato, P., Muller, W.E.G., Schroder, H.C., Janshoff, A., Zhang, J., Huth, J., Tremel, W. (2004) Monitoring the formation of biosilica catalysed by histidin-tagged silicatein[J]. Chemical Communications,2848-2849.
Takahashi, E., Ma, J.F., Miyake Y. (1990) The possibility of silicon as an essential element for higher plants[J]. Comments on Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2, 99-122.
Takai, C., Fuji, M., Fujimoto, K. (2011) Skeletal silica nanoparticles prepared by control of reaction polarity [J]. Chemistry Letters,40,1346-1348.
Tama, I.K., Ma, J.F. (2003) Characterization of silicon uptake by rice roots[J]. New Phytologist,158,431-436.
Tanev, P.T., Pinnavaia, T.J. (1995) A neutral templating route to mesoporous molecular sieves[J]. Science,267,865-867.
Tanev, P.T., Pinnavaia, T.J. (1996) Biomimetic templating of porous lamellar silicas by vesicular surfactant assemblies[J]. Science,271,1267-1269.
Tesson, B., Genet, M.J., Fernandez, V., Degand, S., Rouxhet, P.G., Martin-Jezequel, V. (2009) Surface chemical composition of diatoms[J]. ChemBioChem,10, 2011-2024.
Tesson, B., Masse, S., Laurent, G., Maquet, J., Livage, J., Martin-Jezequel, V., Coradin, T. (2008) Contribution of multi-nuclear solid state NMR to the characterization of the Thalassiosira pseudonana diatom cell wall[J]. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry,390,1889-1898.
Toman, P., Makrlik, E., Vanura, P. (2012) Theoretical study on the complexation of bambus[6]uril with the cyanate and thiocyanate anions[J]. Monatshefte fur Chemie,143,985-988.
Townley, H.E., Parker, A.R., White-Cooper, H. (2008) Exploitation of Diatom Frustules for Nanotechnology:Tethering Active Biomolecules[J]. Advanced Functional Materials,18,369-374.
Trequer, P., Nelson, D.M., Van Bennekom, A.J., Demaster, D.J., Leynaert, A., Queguiner, B. (1995) The silica balance in the world ocean:a re-estimate[J]. Science,268,375-379.
Tubb, H.J., Hodson, M.J., Hodson, G.C. (1993) The inflorescence papillae of the Triticeae:A new tool for taxonomic and archaeological research[J]. Annals of Botany,72,537-545.
Twiss, P.C., Suess, E., Smith, R.M. (1969) Morphological classification of grass phytoliths[J]. Proceedings-Soil Science Society of America,33,109-115.
Uriz, M.J. (2006) Mineral spiculogenesis in sponges[J]. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 84,322-356.
Uriz, M.J., Turon, X., Beccero, M.A. (2000) Silica deposition in Demosponges: spiculogenesis in Crambe crambe[J]. Cell and Tissue Research,301,299-309.
Uriz, M.J., Turon, X., Beccero, M.A. (2003a) Silica deposition in demosponges [J]. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology,2003,33,163-193.
Uriz, M.J., Turon, X., Beccero, M.A., Agell, G. (2003b) Siliceous spicules and skeleton frameworks in sponges:origin, diversity, ultrastructural patterns, and biological functions[J]. Microscopy Research and Technique,62,279-299.
Van Den Hoek C, Mann, D.G., Johns, H.M. (1997) Algae:An Introduction to Phycology[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Venkatathri, N., Srivastava, R., Yun, D.S., Yoo, J.W. (2008) Synthesis of a novel class of mesoporous hollow silica from organic templates[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,112,147-152.
Viana, R.B., da Silva, A.B.F., Pimentel, A.S. (2012) Adsorption of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate on Ge Substrate:The Effect of a Low-Polarity Solvent[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences,13,7980-7993.
Vidyadhar, A., Hanumantha Rao, K., Chernyshova, I.V. (2003) Mechanisms of amine ┍/feldspar interaction in the absence and presence of alcohols studied by spectroscopic methods[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A,214,127-142.
Viehoever, A., Prusky, S. (1938) Biochemistry of silica[J]. The American Journal of Pharmacology,110,97-120.
Vrieling, E.G., Beelen, T.P.M., Sun, Q.Y., Hazelaar, S., van Santen, R.A., Gieskes, W.W.C. (2004) Ultrasmall, small, and wide angle X-ray scattering analysis of diatom biosilica:interspecific differences in fractal properties [J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,14,1970-1975.
Vrieling, E.G., Beelen, T.P.M., van Santen, R.A., Gieskes, W.W.C. (2000) Nanoscale uniformity of pore architecture in diatomaceous silica:a combined small and wide angle X-ray scattering study[J]. Journal of Phycology,36,146-159.
Vrieling, E.G., Gieskes, W.W.C., Beelen, T.P.M. (1999) Silicon deposition in diatoms: control by the pH inside the silicon deposition vesicle[J]. Journal of Phycology, 35,548-559.
Vrieling, E.G, Sun, Q., Beelen, T.P., Hazelaar, S., Gieskes, W.W., van Santen, R.A., Sommerdijk, N.A. (2005) Controlled silica synthesis inspired by diatom silicon biomineralization[J]. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,5,68-78.
Wallace, A. (1993) Participation of silicon in cation-anion balance as a possible mechanism for aluminum and iron tolerance in some Gramineae[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition,16,547-553.
Wallace, S., West, J.K., Hench, L.L. (1993) Interactions of water with trisiloxane rings. I. Experimental analysis[J]. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids,152, 101-108.
Wang, J., Sugawara, A., Shimojima, A., Okubo, T. (2010a) Preparation of Anisotropic Silica Nanoparticles via Controlled Assembly of Presynthesized Spherical Seeds[J]. Langmuir,26,18491-18498.
Wang, J., Xiao, Q., Zhou, H., Sun, P., Li, B., Ding, D., Chen., T. (2007a) Radiolaria-like silica with radial spines fabricated by a dynamic self-organization[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C,111,16544-16548.
Wang, J., Xiao, Q., Zhou, H., Sun, P., Yuan, Z., Li, B., Ding, D., Shi, A.-C, Chen, T. (2006) Budded, Mesoporous silica hollow spheres:Hierarchical structure controlled by kinetic self-assembly [J]. Advanced Materials,18,3284-3288.
Wang, J.C., Liu, Q. (2005) Structural change and characterization in nitrogen-incorporated SBA15 oxynitride mesoporous materials via different thermal history [J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,83,225-232.
Wang, L., Nie, Q., Li, M., Zhang, F., Zhuang, J., Yang, W., Li, T., Wang, Y. (2005b) Biosilicified structures for cooling plant leaves:a mechanism of highly efficient midinfrared thermal emission[J]. Applied Physics Letters,87,194105.
Wang, L., Wang, Y., Chen, Q., Cao, W. (2000) Silicon induced cadmium tolerance of rice seedlings[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition,23,1397-1406.
Wang, W., Gu, B., Liang, L. (2007b) Effect of anionic surfactants on synthesis and self-assembly of silica colloidal nanoparticles[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,313,169-173.
Wang, W., Jiang, Y., Liao, Y, Tian, M., Zou, H., Zhang, L. (2011c) Fabrication of silver-coated silica microspheres through mussel-inspired surface functionalization[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,358,567-574.
Wang, X., Schloβmacher, U., Wiens, M., Batel, R., Schroder, H.C., Miiller, W.E.G. (2012) Silicateins, silicatein interactors and cellular interplay in sponge skeletogenesis:formation of glass fiber-like spicules[J]. FEBS Journal,279, 1721-1736.
Wang, X., Schroder, H.C., Brandt, D., Wiens, M., Lieberwirth, I., Glasser, G., Schloβmacher, U., Wang, S., Muller, W.E.G. (2011a) Sponge bio-silica formation involves syneresis following polycondensation in vivo[J]. ChemBioChem,12,2316-2324.
Wang, X., Schroder, H.C., Muller, W.E.G. (2009) Giant siliceous spicules from the deep-sea glass sponge Monorhaphis chuni: morphology, biochemistry and molecular biology[J]. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology,273, 69-115.
Wang, X., Wiens, M., Schroder, H.C., Schloβmacher, U., Pisignano, D., Jochum, K.P., Muller, W.E.G. (2011b) Evagination of cells controls bio-silica formation and maturation during spicule formation in sponges[J]. PLoS ONE,6, e20523.
Wang, X.D., Shen, Z.X., Sang, T., Cheng, X.B., Li, M.F., Chen, L.Y., Wang, Z.S. (2010b) Preparation of spherical silica particles by Stober process with high concentration of tetra-ethyl-orthosilicate[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,341,23-29.
Wang, Y, Schulten, K., Tajkhorshid, E. (2005a) What makes an aquaporin a glycerol channel? A comparative study of AqpZ and GlpF[J]. Structure,13,1107-1118.
Warren, S.C., Disalvo, F.J., Wiesner, U. (2007) Nanoparticle-tuned assembly and disassembly of mesostructured silica[J]. Nature Materials,6,156-161.
Weaver, J.C., Aizenberg, J., Fantner, G.E., Kisailus, D., Woesz, A., Allen, P., Fields, K., Porter, M.J., Zok, F.W., Hansma, P.K., Fratzl, P., Morse, D.E. (2007) Hierarchical assembly of the siliceous skeletal lattice of the hexactinellid sponge Euplectella aspergillum[J]. Journal of Structural Biology,158,93-106.
Weaver, J.C., Morse, D.E. (2003) Molecular biology of demosponge axial filaments and their roles in biosilification[J]. Microscopy Research and Technique,62, 356-367.
Weaver, J.C., Pietrasanta, L.I., Hedin, N., Chmelka, B.F., Hansma, P.K., Morse, D.E. (2003) Nanostructural features of demosponge biosilica[J]. Journal of Structural Biology,144,271-281.
Weiner, S., Addadi, L. (1997) Design strategies in mineralized biological materials[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry,7,689-702.
Weissenfels, N. (1989) Biologie und Mikroskopische Anatomie der Suβwasserschwamme (Spongillidae)[M], Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.
Weissenfels, N., Landschoff, H.W. (1977) Bau und Funktion des Susswasserschwamms Ephydatia fluviatilis L. (Porifera) IV. Die Entwicklung der monaxialen SiO2-Nadeln in Sandwich-Kulturen[J]. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Anatomie und Ontogenie der Tiere,98,355-371.
Wenzl, S., Hett, R., Richthammer, P., Sumper, M. (2008) Silacidins:Highly acidic phosphopeptides from diatom shells assist in silica precipitation in vitro[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,47,1729-1732.
Werner, D. (1977) The Biology of Diatoms[M]. Berkeley:University of California Press.1-498.
William, S.S., Sanford, W.G. (1984) A developmental study of silicification in the abaxial epidermal cells of sugarcane leaf blades using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis [J]. American Journal of Botany, 71,1315-1322.
Woesz, A., Weaver, J.C., Kazanci, M., Dauphin, Y., Aizenberg, J., Morse, D.E., Fratzl, P. (2006) Micromechanical properties of biological silica in skeletons of deep-sea sponges[J]. Journal of Materials Research,21,2068-2078.
Yamaji, N., Mitatni, N., Ma, J.F. (2008) A transporter regulating silicon distribution in rice shoots[J]. Plant Cell,20,1381-1389.
Yamanaka, J., Hayashi, Y., Ise, N., Yamaguchi, T. (1997) Control of the surface charge density of colloidal silica by sodium hydroxide in salt-free and low-salt dispersions[J]. Physical Review E,55,3028-3036.
Yan, X., Yao, J., Lu, G, Chen, X., Zhang, K., Yang, B. (2004) Microcontact Printing of Colloidal Crystals[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,126, 10510-10511.
Yan, Z., Li, Y, Wang, S., Xu, Z., Chen, Y, Li, B., Zhu, X., Zhu, G., Yang, Y. (2010) Artificial frustule prepared through a single-templating approach[J]. Chemical Communications,46,8410-8412.
Yang, H., Coobs, N., Ozin, G.A. (1997) Morphogenesis of shapes and surface patterns in mesoporous silica[J]. Nature,386,692-695.
Yang, S.M., Miguez, H., Ozin, G.A. (2002) Opal Circuits of Light-Planarized Microphotonic Crystal Chips[J]. Advanced Functional Materials,12,425-431.
Yang, Y.J., Hu, D., Fang, Y, Bai, C., Wang, H. (2006) Novel Method for Preparation of Structural Microspheres Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid)/SiO2[J]. Chemistry of Materials,18,4902-4907.
Yao, N., Cao, S., Yeung K.L. (2009) Mesoporous TiO2-SiO2 aerogels with hierarchal pore structures[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,117,570-579.
Yeh, Y, Chen, B., Lin, H., Tang, C. (2006) Synthesis of hollow silica spheres with mesostructured shell using cationic-anionic-neutral block copolymer ternary surfactants [J]. Langmuir,22,6-9.
Yilmaz, C., Unal, U., Acar. H.Y. (2012) Platelets to rings:Influence of sodium dodecyl sulfate on Zn-Al layered double hydroxide morphology [J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry,187,295-299.
Yokoi, T., Tatsumi, T. (2007) Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Materials by Using Anionic Surfactants as Template[J]. Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute,50, 299-311.
Yokoi, T., Yoshitake, H., Tatsumi, T. (2003) Synthesis of Anionic-Surfactant-Templated Mesoporous Silica Using Organoalkoxysilane-Containing Amino Groups[J]. Chemistry of Materials,15,4536-4538.
Yoshido, S., Ohnishi, Y, Kitagishi, K. (1962) Chemical forms, mobility and deposition of silicon in rice plant[J]. Soil science and plant nutrition. Tokyo.,8, 15-21.
Yu, J., Zhao, L., Cheng, B. (2006) Preparation of monodispersed microporous SiO2 microspheres with high specific surface area using dodecylamine as a hydrolysis catalyst[J]. Journal of Solid State Chemistry,179,226-232.
Yuan, X., Xing, W., Zhuo, S.P., Han, Z., Wang, G., Gao, X., Yan Z.F. (2009) Preparation and application of mesoporous Fe/carbon composites as a drug carrier[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,117,678-684.
Yue, M.B., Jiao, W.Q., Wang, Y.M., He, M.Y. (2010) CTAB-directed synthesis of mesoporous y-alumina promoted by hydroxy polyacids[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,132,226-231.
Zhang, D., Wang, Y, Zhang, W., Pan, J., Cai, J. (2011b) Enlargement of diatom frustules pores by hydrofluoric acid etching at room temperature[J]. Journal of Materials Science,46,5665-5671.
Zhang, H.A., Bandosz, T.J., Akins, D.L. (2011a) Template-free synthesis of silica ellipsoids[J]. Chemical Communications,47,7791-7793.
Zhang, H.J., Wu, J., Zhou, L.P., Zhang, D.Y, Qi, L.M. (2007b) Facile synthesis of monodisperse microspheres and gigantic hollow shells of mesoporous silica in mixed water-ethanol solvents[J]. Langmuir,23,1107-1113.
Zhang, L.X., Li, P.C., Liu, X.H., Du, L.W., Wang, E.K. (2007a) The effect of template phase on the structures of as-synthesized silica nanoparticles with fragile, didodecyl-dimethylammonium bromide vesicles as templates[J]. Advanced Materials,19,4279-4283.
Zhang, W., Pauly, T.R., Pinnavaia, T.J. (1997) Tailoring the framework and textural mesopores of HMS molecular sieves through an electrically neutral (S degrees I degrees) assembly pathway[J]. Chemistry of Materials,9,2491-2498.
Zhao, Y.F., Qi, Y, Wei, Y.X., Zhang, Y.Y, Zhang, S.G., Yang, Y, Liu, Z.M. (2008) Incorporation of Ag nanostructures into channels of nitrided mesoporous silica[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials,111,300-306.
Zhou, G.T., Guan, Y.B., Yao, Q.Z., Fu, S.Q. (2010) Biomimetic mineralization of prismatic calcite mesocrystals:Relevance to biomineralization[J]. Chemical Geology,279,63-72.
Zhou, Y., Shimizu, K., Cha, J.N., Stucky, G.D., Morse, D.E. (1999) Efficient catalysis of polysiloxane synthesis by silicatein alpha requires specific hydroxy and imidazole functionalities [J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,38, 780-782.
Zhu, Z., Wei, G., Li, J., Qian, Q., Yu, J. (2004) Silcon alleviates salt stress and increases antioxidant enzymes activity in leaves of salt-stressed cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)[J]. Plant Science,167,527-533.
Zurzolo, C., Bowler, C. (2001) Exploring bioinorganic pattern formation in diatoms. A story of polarized trafficking[J]. Plant Physiology,127,1339-1345.