远程探视业务研发的需求管理和风险控制
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摘要
医疗卫生领域的信息化建设一直走在前列,内部的信息系统复杂程度不亚于银行等重点应用信息系统领域,但国内医疗卫生系统的信息化建设存在着信息孤岛等众多问题,需要进一步发展通信和信息技术应用以加强医疗信息化,提升对病人的服务同样非常关键。
“探视通”远程探视业务正是基于电信运营商丰富网络资源,协助医院打造数字化医院的一项重要服务手段,是通过互联网进行方便快捷的远程患者与家属之间视频交互的服务项目。它是满足病人家属视频探视和医院预约管理需要的创新业务,实现了运营商与医院的双赢化业务合作。
本文所研究的远程探视业务属于相对较新的领域,通过对国内外医疗卫生行业的信息化建设现状和前景进行研究分析,实现对远程探视新产品的研究开发与推广应用,以软件工程需求管理和项目管理风险管理的方法论开展研究,以需求管理作为风险管理的前提和基础,在准确需求分析论证、明确需求说明和业务方案的基础上,利用头脑风暴法、专家打分法或层次分析法(AHP)进行定性定量的风险分析,研究业务研发过程中遇到的风险问题,更好的优化调整业务模型。提出创新型的远程探视业务,立足于电信运营商的强大通信技术和网络能力,提出适合广大医疗卫生机构和社会公众的信息通信服务。
本文在医疗行业病房探视的需求与风险管理方面开展研究,策划提出了适合医院和患者双方的远程探视业务模型,通过技术手段提出切实可行的视频通信解决方案,结合项目风险管理理论知识,有效指导业务开发到上线运营全过程的风险识别、风险评估和风险应对,最终实现了论文研究内容和成果的实际应用价值,转化为工作中的借鉴和指导。
The information construction in the field of health and medical is growing in an intensified speed, complicated degree of which is no less than banks and other key application information systems area, but the information isolated island there being existing in systematic information of health and medical, it waits for a lot of problems in the homeland, and many other issues need further development communications and information technology applications to enhance information technology in healthcare to enhance patient services were equally critical.
"CNC VIEW"-The Long-distance visitation service is based on the carrier-rich network resources, which means an important service to help the hospital to build a digital hospital. Through the Internet, it makes convenient remote video interactions between patients and their families. It is to meet the patient's family visits and hospital reservations video management needs of innovative business, enables operators of the hospital and China Unicom a win-win business cooperation.
The Long-distance visitation service belongs to a new area of domestic and foreign health-care information industry. With research and analysis of Current Situation and Prospect, we carry out the research and development of this new application. By researching in the requirement management methodology in software engineering and risk management methodology of PM,and requirement management as a prerequisite and basis for risk management, based on an accurate needs analysis and a clear requirement specification and operational programs, I use the methods of brainstorming, expert scoring method or the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to qualitative and quantitative risk analysis, study the business development of risk encountered in the process, for building a better business model of optimal adjustment. Culminated in an innovative Long-distance visitation service, based on the strong communications technology and network capabilities of carriers, I will put forward appropriate information and communication services for medical and health institutions and the general public.
This article visits the demand and risk management research in the medical industry, planning for hospitals and patients both a remote access business model, putting forward practical video communications solutions. It combined with project risk management theory and knowledge; effectively guide the business development to the whole process of on-line operational risk identification, risk assessment and risk response, make good winning in realization of paper research content and results of practical value, into the work of reference and guidance.
“探视通”远程探视业务正是基于电信运营商丰富网络资源,协助医院打造数字化医院的一项重要服务手段,是通过互联网进行方便快捷的远程患者与家属之间视频交互的服务项目。它是满足病人家属视频探视和医院预约管理需要的创新业务,实现了运营商与医院的双赢化业务合作。
本文所研究的远程探视业务属于相对较新的领域,通过对国内外医疗卫生行业的信息化建设现状和前景进行研究分析,实现对远程探视新产品的研究开发与推广应用,以软件工程需求管理和项目管理风险管理的方法论开展研究,以需求管理作为风险管理的前提和基础,在准确需求分析论证、明确需求说明和业务方案的基础上,利用头脑风暴法、专家打分法或层次分析法(AHP)进行定性定量的风险分析,研究业务研发过程中遇到的风险问题,更好的优化调整业务模型。提出创新型的远程探视业务,立足于电信运营商的强大通信技术和网络能力,提出适合广大医疗卫生机构和社会公众的信息通信服务。
本文在医疗行业病房探视的需求与风险管理方面开展研究,策划提出了适合医院和患者双方的远程探视业务模型,通过技术手段提出切实可行的视频通信解决方案,结合项目风险管理理论知识,有效指导业务开发到上线运营全过程的风险识别、风险评估和风险应对,最终实现了论文研究内容和成果的实际应用价值,转化为工作中的借鉴和指导。
The information construction in the field of health and medical is growing in an intensified speed, complicated degree of which is no less than banks and other key application information systems area, but the information isolated island there being existing in systematic information of health and medical, it waits for a lot of problems in the homeland, and many other issues need further development communications and information technology applications to enhance information technology in healthcare to enhance patient services were equally critical.
"CNC VIEW"-The Long-distance visitation service is based on the carrier-rich network resources, which means an important service to help the hospital to build a digital hospital. Through the Internet, it makes convenient remote video interactions between patients and their families. It is to meet the patient's family visits and hospital reservations video management needs of innovative business, enables operators of the hospital and China Unicom a win-win business cooperation.
The Long-distance visitation service belongs to a new area of domestic and foreign health-care information industry. With research and analysis of Current Situation and Prospect, we carry out the research and development of this new application. By researching in the requirement management methodology in software engineering and risk management methodology of PM,and requirement management as a prerequisite and basis for risk management, based on an accurate needs analysis and a clear requirement specification and operational programs, I use the methods of brainstorming, expert scoring method or the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to qualitative and quantitative risk analysis, study the business development of risk encountered in the process, for building a better business model of optimal adjustment. Culminated in an innovative Long-distance visitation service, based on the strong communications technology and network capabilities of carriers, I will put forward appropriate information and communication services for medical and health institutions and the general public.
This article visits the demand and risk management research in the medical industry, planning for hospitals and patients both a remote access business model, putting forward practical video communications solutions. It combined with project risk management theory and knowledge; effectively guide the business development to the whole process of on-line operational risk identification, risk assessment and risk response, make good winning in realization of paper research content and results of practical value, into the work of reference and guidance.
引文
[1]陈建明软件需求工程及其发展装甲兵工程学院学报2003年9月第17卷第三期P66
[2]Siddiqi J, Shekaran M C. Requirements engineering:The emerging wisdom. IEEE Software,1996,23(3) P15-19
[3]刘友华一种面向对象的系统需求分析方法 计算机应用,1996年16(6)第24-26页
[4]佘岳军工程项目风险管理的现状及发展趋势分析科学研究与实践2007.02
[5]卢有杰、卢家仪项目风险管理清华大学出版社1998年
[6]刘艳琼；沈永平；陈英武风险评估理论方法及国内外研究现状述评,Well-off Society Strategies and Systems Engineering--Proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference of System Engineering Society of China,2004年第223-234页
[7]王核成,陶力一,张远福项目风险分析与管理中国管理科学1999年第四期
[8]周之英现代软件工程(中)科学出版社2000年
[9]Mullery G P. CORE A method for controlled requirement specification. Thayer R H, Dorfman M eds. Tutorial:System and Software Requirements Engineering. Los Alamitos, CA:IEEE Computer Society Press.1990. P304-313
[10]Hsia P et al. Formal approach to Scenario analysis. IEEE Software,1994,21(3):P 33～41
[11]琚文胜 《推进北京地区卫生信息化建设的策略与实践》 第十届全国医药信息学大会论文集2007.08
[12]北京地区医院信息化基础建设促进小组《北京地区医院信息系统基础设施建设指南》2007.12
[13]Li M. User-oriented requirement analysis in automated MIS production. In:Proc of 12th Int'1 Conf on CAD/CAM Robotics and Factories of the Future(CARS &FOF' 96),1996. P1-5
[14]刘东梅ICU患者家属探视分析 中国现代药物应用 第2卷第9期2008.5第126页
[15]韦晓君,徐燕敏,余炎.ICU患者家属对限制陪护的心理反应及护理对策.南方护理学报,2002,9(4)：P53—55页
[16]王玮,包国峰,房鹛 医院信息化建设工程的项目管理策略中国医学装备第4卷第11期2007年11月39—42页
[17]孔令瑜,何红燕,李新华ICU探视方式的改进与效果 护理管理杂志第6卷 2期2006年2月52-56页
[18]项目管理协会PMI,项目管理知识体系指南,2000
[19]李丽工程项目全面风险管理的理论与方法研究北京工业大学2002年4月
[20]张仕彬工程项目风险管理方法研究华北电力大学2003年12月
[21]王黎虹企业信息化的风险管理 管理科学文摘2003年6月第32页
[22]徐蔼婷德尔菲法的应用及其难点中国统计/China Statistics2006年09期第57-59页
[23]John Durkin,蔡竞峰,蔡自兴.决策树技术及其当前研究方向.控制工程,2005(01)第16-18页
[24]曾忠禄,张冬梅不确定环境下解读未来的方法：情景分析法情报杂志2005年05期第14-16页
[25]RUB N STE N R. The cross-entropy method for combinatorial and continuous optimization, methodology and computing in applied probability. Methodology and Computing in Applied,1999,1(2) P127-190
[26]Butar Ferry Butar, Lahiri P. On measures of uncertainty of empirical Bayes small-area estimators. Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference,2003,112 P63-76
[27]朱本仁蒙特卡罗方法引论山东大学出版社1987年
[28]Van Dorp J R, Duffey M R. Statistical dependence in risk analysis for project networks using Monte Carlo methods. International Journal of Production Economics, 1999,58(1) P17-29.
[29]王重托,张军《网络计划技术》辽宁人民出版社1984年第10-15页
[30]戴永春网络计划技术应用研究系统工程理论与实践1988年01期P36-42
[31]Paul R, Garvey P R, Lansdowne Z F. Risk matrix:an approach for identifying, assessing, and ranking program risks. Air Force Journal of Logistics,1998,25 P16-19
[32]David Baccarini, Richard Archer, The risk ranking of projects:a methodology, Internation Journal of Project Management 2001, P11-21
[33]范京岩信息系统立项风险综合分析见全国第九届企业信息化与工业工程学术会议论文集北京2005年10月第199-203页
[34]戚安邦项目管理十大风险中国经济出版社2006年第16-30页
[35]沈建明等项目风险管理机械工业出版社2003年12月第8页
[36]T.Bedford,R.Cooke,概率风险分析(英文版),世界图书出版公司,2003.9P55-56
[37]陈治宏,卢国明,吴晓华等基于AHP的群决策风险评估方法计算机应用2009年6月第125-127、145页
[38]许树柏层次分析法原理[M]天津大学出版社 1988年
[39]卢梅,李明树.软件需求工程—方法及工具评述计算机研究与发展1999年第11期第1289-1291页
[40]徐莉莎信息风险、盈余质量对资本成本的影响分析财会月刊(Finance and Accounting Monthly) 2008年14期第19-20页
[2]Siddiqi J, Shekaran M C. Requirements engineering:The emerging wisdom. IEEE Software,1996,23(3) P15-19
[3]刘友华一种面向对象的系统需求分析方法 计算机应用,1996年16(6)第24-26页
[4]佘岳军工程项目风险管理的现状及发展趋势分析科学研究与实践2007.02
[5]卢有杰、卢家仪项目风险管理清华大学出版社1998年
[6]刘艳琼；沈永平；陈英武风险评估理论方法及国内外研究现状述评,Well-off Society Strategies and Systems Engineering--Proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference of System Engineering Society of China,2004年第223-234页
[7]王核成,陶力一,张远福项目风险分析与管理中国管理科学1999年第四期
[8]周之英现代软件工程(中)科学出版社2000年
[9]Mullery G P. CORE A method for controlled requirement specification. Thayer R H, Dorfman M eds. Tutorial:System and Software Requirements Engineering. Los Alamitos, CA:IEEE Computer Society Press.1990. P304-313
[10]Hsia P et al. Formal approach to Scenario analysis. IEEE Software,1994,21(3):P 33～41
[11]琚文胜 《推进北京地区卫生信息化建设的策略与实践》 第十届全国医药信息学大会论文集2007.08
[12]北京地区医院信息化基础建设促进小组《北京地区医院信息系统基础设施建设指南》2007.12
[13]Li M. User-oriented requirement analysis in automated MIS production. In:Proc of 12th Int'1 Conf on CAD/CAM Robotics and Factories of the Future(CARS &FOF' 96),1996. P1-5
[14]刘东梅ICU患者家属探视分析 中国现代药物应用 第2卷第9期2008.5第126页
[15]韦晓君,徐燕敏,余炎.ICU患者家属对限制陪护的心理反应及护理对策.南方护理学报,2002,9(4)：P53—55页
[16]王玮,包国峰,房鹛 医院信息化建设工程的项目管理策略中国医学装备第4卷第11期2007年11月39—42页
[17]孔令瑜,何红燕,李新华ICU探视方式的改进与效果 护理管理杂志第6卷 2期2006年2月52-56页
[18]项目管理协会PMI,项目管理知识体系指南,2000
[19]李丽工程项目全面风险管理的理论与方法研究北京工业大学2002年4月
[20]张仕彬工程项目风险管理方法研究华北电力大学2003年12月
[21]王黎虹企业信息化的风险管理 管理科学文摘2003年6月第32页
[22]徐蔼婷德尔菲法的应用及其难点中国统计/China Statistics2006年09期第57-59页
[23]John Durkin,蔡竞峰,蔡自兴.决策树技术及其当前研究方向.控制工程,2005(01)第16-18页
[24]曾忠禄,张冬梅不确定环境下解读未来的方法：情景分析法情报杂志2005年05期第14-16页
[25]RUB N STE N R. The cross-entropy method for combinatorial and continuous optimization, methodology and computing in applied probability. Methodology and Computing in Applied,1999,1(2) P127-190
[26]Butar Ferry Butar, Lahiri P. On measures of uncertainty of empirical Bayes small-area estimators. Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference,2003,112 P63-76
[27]朱本仁蒙特卡罗方法引论山东大学出版社1987年
[28]Van Dorp J R, Duffey M R. Statistical dependence in risk analysis for project networks using Monte Carlo methods. International Journal of Production Economics, 1999,58(1) P17-29.
[29]王重托,张军《网络计划技术》辽宁人民出版社1984年第10-15页
[30]戴永春网络计划技术应用研究系统工程理论与实践1988年01期P36-42
[31]Paul R, Garvey P R, Lansdowne Z F. Risk matrix:an approach for identifying, assessing, and ranking program risks. Air Force Journal of Logistics,1998,25 P16-19
[32]David Baccarini, Richard Archer, The risk ranking of projects:a methodology, Internation Journal of Project Management 2001, P11-21
[33]范京岩信息系统立项风险综合分析见全国第九届企业信息化与工业工程学术会议论文集北京2005年10月第199-203页
[34]戚安邦项目管理十大风险中国经济出版社2006年第16-30页
[35]沈建明等项目风险管理机械工业出版社2003年12月第8页
[36]T.Bedford,R.Cooke,概率风险分析(英文版),世界图书出版公司,2003.9P55-56
[37]陈治宏,卢国明,吴晓华等基于AHP的群决策风险评估方法计算机应用2009年6月第125-127、145页
[38]许树柏层次分析法原理[M]天津大学出版社 1988年
[39]卢梅,李明树.软件需求工程—方法及工具评述计算机研究与发展1999年第11期第1289-1291页
[40]徐莉莎信息风险、盈余质量对资本成本的影响分析财会月刊(Finance and Accounting Monthly) 2008年14期第19-20页