黑龙江省装备工业企业自主创新内部运行系统研究
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摘要
当今世界,科学技术的发展突飞猛进,国家的竞争力越来越体现在以自主创新为核心的科技实力上,谁在知识和科技创新方面占据优势,谁就能够在发展上掌握主动。
装备制造工业是技术密集型产业,是关系到中国经济安全,乃至国家安全的战略性产业。装备制造工业在整个制造业中占据了相当大的比重,是我国制造业的中坚力量。在可以预见的将来,制造工业在我国社会经济中起着至关重要的作用。
现阶段,我国企业普遍面临着外资企业的技术垄断和控制技术优势战略的威胁。同时,企业存在技术创新动力的严重不足等问题的现实。种种不利因素已将装备工业企业推到了提升我国自主创新能力的前沿阵地,装备工业企业已成为增强我国自主创新能力必须依靠的重要力量。
装备工业企业自主创新内系统是个复杂、动态、开放的巨系统,是人、财、物、知识与技术积累等企业内部创新要素的投入-产出过程。装备工业企业自主创新内系统的最终目的是获得超额创新利润,获得持续快速发展的核心竞争力。论文首先对装备工业企业自主创新内系统相关理论进行研究；接着描述了我国装备工业企业自主创新现状与发展趋势；然后确定了装备工业企业自主创新内系统的目标、特点；对装备工业企业自主创新内系统进行“结构-功能”分析,阐明装备工业企业自主创新内系统的运行机理；最后应用系统动力学的理论和方法对装备工业企业自主创新内系统进行建模。
In today's world, the development of science and technology are advancing by leaps; bounds and embody national competitiveness in independent innovation. As the core technology strength, who in knowledge and technology innovation, who is able to dominate in development initiatives.
The equipment manufacturing industry is technology-intensive industries, is related to China's economic security and national security of strategic industries. The equipment manufacturing industries in the whole manufacturing occupy a large proportion of China's manufacturing industry. It is the backbone. In the foreseeable future, manufacturing industry in China in the social economy plays a vital role.
At present, our country enterprise is facing the foreign-capital enterprise technical monopoly and control technology advantage strategy. At the same time, the enterprise technology innovation of existing problems such as the serious shortage of reality. Various factors will push the industrial equipment in the forefront of the independent innovation ability, equipment industrial enterprises has become enhance China's capacity for independent innovation.It must rely on the important strength.
In the system of equipment industrial enterprise independent innovation, it is complex, dynamic, and the open great system. Moreover it's essential factor of enterprise internal innovation. It also belongs the investments-delivers the process for human resource, financial, material resources, knowledge and technical accumulation. Equipment industrial enterprises for independent innovation system is the ultimate goal in excess profits, innovation won the sustained and rapid development of core competitiveness. First the paper introduces the theory about the internal enterprise system of independent innovation. Then describes the situation and development trend for independent innovation of our equipment industrial enterprises. And then determine the independent innovation objectives and characteristics for equipment industrial enterprises. Carry on the m "structure-function" analysis for the internal independent innovation system and clarify the running mechanism of the internal independent innovation system. Finally, building the internal independent innovation system model of equipment industrial enterprises by using system dynamics theory and method
装备制造工业是技术密集型产业,是关系到中国经济安全,乃至国家安全的战略性产业。装备制造工业在整个制造业中占据了相当大的比重,是我国制造业的中坚力量。在可以预见的将来,制造工业在我国社会经济中起着至关重要的作用。
现阶段,我国企业普遍面临着外资企业的技术垄断和控制技术优势战略的威胁。同时,企业存在技术创新动力的严重不足等问题的现实。种种不利因素已将装备工业企业推到了提升我国自主创新能力的前沿阵地,装备工业企业已成为增强我国自主创新能力必须依靠的重要力量。
装备工业企业自主创新内系统是个复杂、动态、开放的巨系统,是人、财、物、知识与技术积累等企业内部创新要素的投入-产出过程。装备工业企业自主创新内系统的最终目的是获得超额创新利润,获得持续快速发展的核心竞争力。论文首先对装备工业企业自主创新内系统相关理论进行研究；接着描述了我国装备工业企业自主创新现状与发展趋势；然后确定了装备工业企业自主创新内系统的目标、特点；对装备工业企业自主创新内系统进行“结构-功能”分析,阐明装备工业企业自主创新内系统的运行机理；最后应用系统动力学的理论和方法对装备工业企业自主创新内系统进行建模。
In today's world, the development of science and technology are advancing by leaps; bounds and embody national competitiveness in independent innovation. As the core technology strength, who in knowledge and technology innovation, who is able to dominate in development initiatives.
The equipment manufacturing industry is technology-intensive industries, is related to China's economic security and national security of strategic industries. The equipment manufacturing industries in the whole manufacturing occupy a large proportion of China's manufacturing industry. It is the backbone. In the foreseeable future, manufacturing industry in China in the social economy plays a vital role.
At present, our country enterprise is facing the foreign-capital enterprise technical monopoly and control technology advantage strategy. At the same time, the enterprise technology innovation of existing problems such as the serious shortage of reality. Various factors will push the industrial equipment in the forefront of the independent innovation ability, equipment industrial enterprises has become enhance China's capacity for independent innovation.It must rely on the important strength.
In the system of equipment industrial enterprise independent innovation, it is complex, dynamic, and the open great system. Moreover it's essential factor of enterprise internal innovation. It also belongs the investments-delivers the process for human resource, financial, material resources, knowledge and technical accumulation. Equipment industrial enterprises for independent innovation system is the ultimate goal in excess profits, innovation won the sustained and rapid development of core competitiveness. First the paper introduces the theory about the internal enterprise system of independent innovation. Then describes the situation and development trend for independent innovation of our equipment industrial enterprises. And then determine the independent innovation objectives and characteristics for equipment industrial enterprises. Carry on the m "structure-function" analysis for the internal independent innovation system and clarify the running mechanism of the internal independent innovation system. Finally, building the internal independent innovation system model of equipment industrial enterprises by using system dynamics theory and method
引文
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[2]孙德忠,王英照.基于自主创新的黑龙江省装备制造业发展思路探析[J]现代科学管理.2008(3)：67-68页
[3]金碚.世界分工体系中的中国制造业[J].中国工业经济.2003(5)：38-47页
[4]张青山,徐伟.我国装备制造业竞争力提升的途径[J].管理科学文摘.2004(4)：45-47页
[5]熊彼特,何畏译.经济发展理论[M].北京：商务印书馆.1990：56页
[6]Jain.Triandis.Management Research and Development Organization. [M]. John Wiley & Sons, Inc,1997:27-29P
[7]Eric von Hipppel. The Sources of Innovation [M], Oxford University Press, inc.,1994:67-69P
[8]理查德·莱斯特,麦克尔·皮奥雷.破译创新的前端：构建创新的解释性维度[M].知识产权出版社,2006：88-89页
[9]叶猛,罗晓刚.我国装备制造业国际竞争力的宏观环境分析[J].机电开发产品与创新.2002(2)：78-80页
[10]林文强.竞争力、市场导向与制高点——如何打造东北装备制造业[J].技术经济与管理研究.2002(5)：67-69页
[11]尚建珊.我国装备制造业技术创新初探[J].中国机电工业.2001：34-37页
[12]张米尔,江诗松.创新互动与装备制造业结构升级[J].科学学与科学技术管理.2004(10)：56-59页
[13]夏美霞.我国装备制造业的现状和发展方向[J].机械制造.2004(2)：26-28页
[14]傅家骥主编.技术创新学[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2001：34-36页
[15]陈劲.从技术引进到自主创新的学习模式[J].科研管理.1994(2)：56-55页
[16]杨晓玲.论技术引进与白主创新--兼论我国推进技术进步的自主创新战
[17]万君康.论技术引进与自主创新的关联与差异[J].武汉理工大学学报.2000(4)：66-69页
[18]王芬.自主创新?模仿创新?—基于美日技术创新模式比较研究的理性选择[D].华东大学硕士学位论文.2001：34-36页
[19]彭纪生,刘春林.自主创新与模仿创新的博弈分析[J].科学管理研究.2003(6)
[20]姚晓霞.企业技术创新的立足点是自主创新[J].现代经济探讨.2005,5
[21]王元.探寻自主创新三大要点[J].深圳特区科技.2005,7：56-57页
[22]FordN.D,J.D.Sterman,DynamicModelingofProductDevelopmentProcesses[J]. Research Polocy,1998 (7):54P
[23]Langley P.A.,Mark Paich & Sterman J. d. Explaining Capacity Overshoot and Price War:Misperceptions of Feedback in Competitive Growth Markets, [J]. Research Polocy,1998 (3):97
[24]张声雄.第五项修炼导读[M].上海：上海三联书店.2001(8)：103页
[25]Scott F.Rockart. How do professional-services firms compete [J] International system dynamics conference. New York.2001:21-25P
[26]Alan K Graham, Carlos A Ariza. Dynamic,Hard and Strategic Questions: Using Optimization to Answer a Marketing Resource Allocation Questions [J]. International system dynamics conference. New York.2001:32-35P
[27]Kenneth G Cooper, Sharon A. Eels. Secrets of Pugh-Roberts Associates.[J]. International system dynamics conference. New York.2001:39-45P
[28]区贤明.装备制造业自主创新[J].现代制造技术与装备.2006(6)：5-6页
[29]孙伟,王雅林.黑龙江省装备制造业高新技术应用对策研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2007(1)76-80页.
[30]刘立军.北京城市住宅市场的系统动力学模型研究[D].北京林业大学.2006
[31]陶在朴.系统动态学：直击第五项修炼奥秘[M].北京：中国税务出版社,2005(3)：67页
[32]贾仁安,丁荣华.系统动力学—反馈动态性复杂分析[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2002(10)：76页
[33]赵建英.企业自主创新的生态分析[J].生产力研究.2006(10)：235-260页
[34]许光清.可持续发展与系统动力学[J].经济理论与经济管理.2005(1)：69-72页
[35]陈功玉.企业技术创新行为非线性系统的动力学分析[J].系统工程.2005(12)：74-78页
[36]赵黎明,李振华.城市创新系统的动力学机制研究[J].科学学研究.2003(2)：97-100页
[37]袁旭梅,史丽君.啤酒游戏的系统动力学分析[J].价值工程.2007(4)：79-82页
[38]胡实秋,梅静,宋化民.企业技术创新系统动力学分析[J].科技管理研究.2001(5)：14-16页
[40]韩立民,赵新华.企业自主创新环境分析及优化创新环境的对策[J].科学学研究.2006(8)：304-308页
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