大功率充电电源功率因数校正技术的理论和仿真研究
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摘要
整流装置中的大量谐波导致的功率因数降低和电网污染,已引起世界各国的高度重视。功率因数校正技术是抑制谐波电流、提高功率因数的行之有效的方法。因此近年来受到了越来越多的关注。到目前为止,对于15kW以下的大功率充电电源,有个别采用有源功率因数校正技术,而更多更高功率的充电电源,考虑到可靠性高和应用简便,主要还是采用无源功率因数校正技术。
本文阐述了大功率充电电源中功率因数校正的目的和意义,以及其国内外研究现状,对有源功率因数校正技术做了简单介绍。然后结合大容量电容充电电源的工作特性,对未校正的电容滤波型三相桥式整流电路的功率因数和谐波进行分析,然后在对以往的功率因数校正技术调研基础上,对传统的前置和后置式校正电路设计方法做系统的分析,给出具体的设计方法和参数选择,校正后的功率因数最高达到0.96;并给出功率因数和各次谐波含量与无源功率因数校正电感之间的关系,同时完成在MATLAB/SIMULINK中的功率因数的仿真测量模型的建立。
最后结合我们所要设计的电源参数,完成了30kW大容量电容充电电源的无源功率因数校正电路的设计,在保证校正电感体积的条件下将功率因数提高到0.9。并对某车载5kW充电电源进行无源功率因数校正和初步有源功率因数校正设计,在保证校正电感体积和温升条件下经无源功率功率因数校正后功率因数提高到0.85以上。最后进行仿真实验验证。
Lower power factor and power grids' pollution caused by the substantial harmonic in the rectifier devices that have attracted great attention around the world. Power Factor Correction technology is an effective way to the suppression of harmonic current and improve power factor. Thus it has attracted more and more attention in recent years. So far, for the following high-power 15kW power charge, some use of active power factor correction technology, but taking into the reliability and simple application, more higher-power rechargeable power supply use the passive power factor correction technology.
This paper presents the purpose and significance of power factor correction in the high-power charging power supply, as well as its domestic and international research status, and does a simple introduction on the active power factor correction technology. Then combined with the operating characteristics of large-capacity capacitor charging power supply, analyzed the uncorrected power factor and harmonic of capacitor-filtered three-phase-bridge rectifier circuits
And then based on 'the past investigation of the power factor correction techniques, systematic analyzed the traditional front and rear-correction circuit design method, given the specific design methods and parameters, and the power factor could corrected up to 0.96;Also given the relationship between the passive power factor correction inductance and power factor and harmonic content, and establish the simulation measurement model of power factor at the same time in the MATLAB/SMULINK.
Finally, combination the power parameters we have to design, completed the design of a suitable 30kW large-capacity capacitor charging power supply of the passive power factor correction circuit. Under the premise of the correct size inductor, power factor will be increased to 0.9. And a 5kW power for passive power factor correction and preliminary design of active power factor correction, ensure the inductance volume and temperature rise conditions, after the passive power factor correction , the power factor improved to more than 0.85. Finally, do simulation and experimental verification.
本文阐述了大功率充电电源中功率因数校正的目的和意义,以及其国内外研究现状,对有源功率因数校正技术做了简单介绍。然后结合大容量电容充电电源的工作特性,对未校正的电容滤波型三相桥式整流电路的功率因数和谐波进行分析,然后在对以往的功率因数校正技术调研基础上,对传统的前置和后置式校正电路设计方法做系统的分析,给出具体的设计方法和参数选择,校正后的功率因数最高达到0.96;并给出功率因数和各次谐波含量与无源功率因数校正电感之间的关系,同时完成在MATLAB/SIMULINK中的功率因数的仿真测量模型的建立。
最后结合我们所要设计的电源参数,完成了30kW大容量电容充电电源的无源功率因数校正电路的设计,在保证校正电感体积的条件下将功率因数提高到0.9。并对某车载5kW充电电源进行无源功率因数校正和初步有源功率因数校正设计,在保证校正电感体积和温升条件下经无源功率功率因数校正后功率因数提高到0.85以上。最后进行仿真实验验证。
Lower power factor and power grids' pollution caused by the substantial harmonic in the rectifier devices that have attracted great attention around the world. Power Factor Correction technology is an effective way to the suppression of harmonic current and improve power factor. Thus it has attracted more and more attention in recent years. So far, for the following high-power 15kW power charge, some use of active power factor correction technology, but taking into the reliability and simple application, more higher-power rechargeable power supply use the passive power factor correction technology.
This paper presents the purpose and significance of power factor correction in the high-power charging power supply, as well as its domestic and international research status, and does a simple introduction on the active power factor correction technology. Then combined with the operating characteristics of large-capacity capacitor charging power supply, analyzed the uncorrected power factor and harmonic of capacitor-filtered three-phase-bridge rectifier circuits
And then based on 'the past investigation of the power factor correction techniques, systematic analyzed the traditional front and rear-correction circuit design method, given the specific design methods and parameters, and the power factor could corrected up to 0.96;Also given the relationship between the passive power factor correction inductance and power factor and harmonic content, and establish the simulation measurement model of power factor at the same time in the MATLAB/SMULINK.
Finally, combination the power parameters we have to design, completed the design of a suitable 30kW large-capacity capacitor charging power supply of the passive power factor correction circuit. Under the premise of the correct size inductor, power factor will be increased to 0.9. And a 5kW power for passive power factor correction and preliminary design of active power factor correction, ensure the inductance volume and temperature rise conditions, after the passive power factor correction , the power factor improved to more than 0.85. Finally, do simulation and experimental verification.
引文
[1]Hussein A.Kazem.An improved method of passive input current waveshaping for single-phase rectifier[J].IEEE.2007.
[2]Arthur W.Kelley,William F.Yadusky.Rectifier Design for Minimum Line Current Harmonics and Maximum Power Factor[J].IEEE.1989.
[3]A.R.Prasad,P.D.Ziogas,S.Mainias.Passive input current waveshaping method for three-phase diode rectifiers[J].IEE PROCEEDINGS-B,Vol,139,No.6,November 1992.
[4]祝海强.大功率高压电容直流充电电源研究[D].西北工业大学硕士学位论文.2003年4月.
[5]陈树君等.三相大功率焊接逆变电源的网侧电流谐波抑制[J].焊接学报.1999年9月第20卷第3期.
[6]A.R Prasadetal.An Active Power Factor Correction Technique for Three-Phase Diode Rectifiers[J].IEEE Trans PE No.11991,83-92.
[7]EMI公式产品资料[OL].2003.
[8]LAMDA公司产品资料[OL].2007年8月02日.
[9]王会涛,钱希森,任开春.基于Matlab的功率因数校正电路的仿真分析[J].仿真技术,2007。
[10]熊腊森,万升云,于爱民.电源谐波无源功率因数校正方法的研究[J].电焊机.2003年12月.
[11]石健将,张建国.两种三相无源功率因数校正技术的比较研究[J].电力电子技术.2005.
[12]刘凤君.逆变器用整流电源[M].机械工业出版社.2004.
[13]森荣二.LC滤波器设计与制作[M].科学出版社.2006.
[14]王兆安等.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿[M].机械工业出版社.2002.
[15]刘凤君.现代高频开关电源技术及应用[M].电子工业出版社.2008.
[16]张占松,蔡宣三.开关电源的原理与设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1998.
[17]韩祯祥.电力系统分析[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2002.
[18]简克良.电力系统分析[M].西南交通大学出版社,1993.
[19]B.Acarkan,K.Erkan.Harmonics Modeling and Harmonic Activity Analysis of Equipments with Switch Mode Power Supply using MTLAB and Simulink[J].Electric Machines & Drives Conference,2007.IEMDC '07.IEEE International,2007,Page(s):508-513.
[20]Wilsun Xu,Zhenyu Huang,Yu Cui,Haizhen Wang.Harmonic Resonance Mode Analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2005,20(2):1182-1190.
[21]J.Arrillaga,D.A.Bradley,P.S.Bodger.电力系统谐波[M].唐统一,吴震春,孙树勤译.北京:中国矿业大学出版社,1991.
[22]王彦东,李群湛.电力系统谐波阻抗特性及测量方法的探讨[J].电工技术杂志,2004(2):64-67.
[23]James K.Phipps,John P.Nelson,Pankaj K.Sen.Power Quality and Harmonic Distortion on Distribution System[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1994,30(2):476-484.
[24]N.D.Rao,S.I.Sporea,A.Sawma.Analysis of Resonance Problems and Harmonic Filter Design in Power Factor Correction Capacitor Applications.a) Electrical and Computer Engineering[J],IEEE Canadian Conference,1998(1):293 - 296.
[25]M.Jzhar,C.M.Hadzer,S.Masri,S.Idris.A Study of the Fundamental Principles to Power System Haronic[J].National Power and Energy Conference(PECon),2003,pages:225-232.
[26]吴天明,谢小竹,彭彬.MATLAB电力系统设计与仿真[M].国防工业出版社,2004.
[27]钟麟,王峰.MATLAB仿真技术与应用教程[M].国防工业出版社,2004
[28]薛定宇,陈阳泉.基于MATLAB/Simulink的系统仿真技术与应用[M].清华大学出版社,2002.
[29]Koji Temma,Fujio Ishiguro,Naohiro Toki,Isao Iyoda,and John J.Paserba.Clarification and Measurements of High Frequency Harmonic Resonance by a Voltage Sourced Converter[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2005,20(1):450-457.
[30]B.Acarkan,K.Erkan.Harmonics Modeling and Harmonic Activity Analysis of Equipments with Switch Mode Power Supply using MTLAB and Simulink[J].Electric Machines & Drives Conference,2007.IEMDC '07.IEEE International,2007,Page(s):508-513.
[31]M.Fauri.Harmonic Modelling of Non-Linear Load by means of Crossed Frequency Admittance Matrix.IEEE Transactions on Power System[J],1997,12(4):1632-1638.
[32]刘进军,卓放,王兆安.电容滤波型整流电路的网侧谐波分析[J].电力电子技术,1995年第4期:14-19.
[33]裴云庆,姜桂宾,王兆安.LC滤波的三相桥式整流电路网侧谐波分析[J].电力电子技术,2003年6月:34-36.
[34]陈红兵,三相单管有源功率因数校正电路的研究与实现[J].电器开关,2007(5):39-41.
[35]于相旭,侯振程.三相单开关型BOOST型功率因数校正器的设计[J].电力电子技术,2001(1):8-9.
[36]于相旭,侯振程.三相单开关型BOOST型功率因数校正器的简化大信号模型[J].电力电子技术,2001(4):61-64.
[37]李战龙,汤钰鹏.三相功率因数校正电路拓扑结构的研究[J].通信电源技术.2007(5):60-63.
[38]S.Gataic,D.Boroyevich and F.C.Lee,"Soft-Switched Single-Switch Three-phase Rectifier With Power Factor Correction," IEEE Appl.Power Electron.Con＄ Rec,1994,pp.738-744.
[39]E.Ismail,C.Oliveira and R.Erickson,"A Low-Distortion Three-phase Multi-Resonant Boost Rectifier With Zero-Current Switching,"IEEEAppl.Power Electron.Con＄ Rec,1995,pp.849-855.
[40]W.B.Lawance.W.Mietczarski."Hmnonic current reduction in a Three-phase diode bridge rectifier,IEEE Trunsctcfions on Industrial Electronics,vol.39,no.6.Dec.1992,pp.571-576.
[41]肖金凤.无源滤波器的优化设计[J].南华大学学报.2001(9):14-17.
[42]弓振宇.基于单周期控制的三相高功率因数整流器研究[D].西北工业大学硕士学位论文.2006年4月.
[43]陈道炼.DC-AC逆变技术及其应用[M].机械工业出版社.2003.
[44]周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华.开关电源功率因数校正电路设计与应用[M].人民邮电出版社,2004年11月.
[45]丁大正.科学计算强档Mathematica4教程.电子工业出版社.2002年3月.
[46]嘉木工作室.Mathematica应用实例教程.机械工业出版社.2002年3 月
[47]吴天明等.MATLAB电力系统设计与分析[M].北京:国防工业出版社.2004.
[48]任万强,靳建峰,安建生,翁利民.大功率充电逆变电源的网侧电流谐波抑制[J].电力电容器.2005年第三期:11-14.
[49]SpiazziG.eta.l Implementation of single phase boost power factor correction circuit in three phase applications[J].IEEE Transactions on industrial e-lectronics,1997,44(3):365-371.
[50]Man jushas,Dawandeeta.l Three phase switch mode rectifier with hysteresis current control[J].IEEE Transactions on power electronics.1996,11(3):466-471.
[51]王玉魁,宋博岩,王振龙,赵万生.有源功率因数校正技术在脉冲电源设计中的应用[J].电加工与模具.2006年(1):35-37.
[52]Sharon D.Power Factor Definitions and Power Transfer Quality in Nonsinusoidal Situations.IEEE Trans on Instrumentation and Measurement,1996,4(3):728-733.
[2]Arthur W.Kelley,William F.Yadusky.Rectifier Design for Minimum Line Current Harmonics and Maximum Power Factor[J].IEEE.1989.
[3]A.R.Prasad,P.D.Ziogas,S.Mainias.Passive input current waveshaping method for three-phase diode rectifiers[J].IEE PROCEEDINGS-B,Vol,139,No.6,November 1992.
[4]祝海强.大功率高压电容直流充电电源研究[D].西北工业大学硕士学位论文.2003年4月.
[5]陈树君等.三相大功率焊接逆变电源的网侧电流谐波抑制[J].焊接学报.1999年9月第20卷第3期.
[6]A.R Prasadetal.An Active Power Factor Correction Technique for Three-Phase Diode Rectifiers[J].IEEE Trans PE No.11991,83-92.
[7]EMI公式产品资料[OL].2003.
[8]LAMDA公司产品资料[OL].2007年8月02日.
[9]王会涛,钱希森,任开春.基于Matlab的功率因数校正电路的仿真分析[J].仿真技术,2007。
[10]熊腊森,万升云,于爱民.电源谐波无源功率因数校正方法的研究[J].电焊机.2003年12月.
[11]石健将,张建国.两种三相无源功率因数校正技术的比较研究[J].电力电子技术.2005.
[12]刘凤君.逆变器用整流电源[M].机械工业出版社.2004.
[13]森荣二.LC滤波器设计与制作[M].科学出版社.2006.
[14]王兆安等.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿[M].机械工业出版社.2002.
[15]刘凤君.现代高频开关电源技术及应用[M].电子工业出版社.2008.
[16]张占松,蔡宣三.开关电源的原理与设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1998.
[17]韩祯祥.电力系统分析[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2002.
[18]简克良.电力系统分析[M].西南交通大学出版社,1993.
[19]B.Acarkan,K.Erkan.Harmonics Modeling and Harmonic Activity Analysis of Equipments with Switch Mode Power Supply using MTLAB and Simulink[J].Electric Machines & Drives Conference,2007.IEMDC '07.IEEE International,2007,Page(s):508-513.
[20]Wilsun Xu,Zhenyu Huang,Yu Cui,Haizhen Wang.Harmonic Resonance Mode Analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2005,20(2):1182-1190.
[21]J.Arrillaga,D.A.Bradley,P.S.Bodger.电力系统谐波[M].唐统一,吴震春,孙树勤译.北京:中国矿业大学出版社,1991.
[22]王彦东,李群湛.电力系统谐波阻抗特性及测量方法的探讨[J].电工技术杂志,2004(2):64-67.
[23]James K.Phipps,John P.Nelson,Pankaj K.Sen.Power Quality and Harmonic Distortion on Distribution System[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1994,30(2):476-484.
[24]N.D.Rao,S.I.Sporea,A.Sawma.Analysis of Resonance Problems and Harmonic Filter Design in Power Factor Correction Capacitor Applications.a) Electrical and Computer Engineering[J],IEEE Canadian Conference,1998(1):293 - 296.
[25]M.Jzhar,C.M.Hadzer,S.Masri,S.Idris.A Study of the Fundamental Principles to Power System Haronic[J].National Power and Energy Conference(PECon),2003,pages:225-232.
[26]吴天明,谢小竹,彭彬.MATLAB电力系统设计与仿真[M].国防工业出版社,2004.
[27]钟麟,王峰.MATLAB仿真技术与应用教程[M].国防工业出版社,2004
[28]薛定宇,陈阳泉.基于MATLAB/Simulink的系统仿真技术与应用[M].清华大学出版社,2002.
[29]Koji Temma,Fujio Ishiguro,Naohiro Toki,Isao Iyoda,and John J.Paserba.Clarification and Measurements of High Frequency Harmonic Resonance by a Voltage Sourced Converter[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2005,20(1):450-457.
[30]B.Acarkan,K.Erkan.Harmonics Modeling and Harmonic Activity Analysis of Equipments with Switch Mode Power Supply using MTLAB and Simulink[J].Electric Machines & Drives Conference,2007.IEMDC '07.IEEE International,2007,Page(s):508-513.
[31]M.Fauri.Harmonic Modelling of Non-Linear Load by means of Crossed Frequency Admittance Matrix.IEEE Transactions on Power System[J],1997,12(4):1632-1638.
[32]刘进军,卓放,王兆安.电容滤波型整流电路的网侧谐波分析[J].电力电子技术,1995年第4期:14-19.
[33]裴云庆,姜桂宾,王兆安.LC滤波的三相桥式整流电路网侧谐波分析[J].电力电子技术,2003年6月:34-36.
[34]陈红兵,三相单管有源功率因数校正电路的研究与实现[J].电器开关,2007(5):39-41.
[35]于相旭,侯振程.三相单开关型BOOST型功率因数校正器的设计[J].电力电子技术,2001(1):8-9.
[36]于相旭,侯振程.三相单开关型BOOST型功率因数校正器的简化大信号模型[J].电力电子技术,2001(4):61-64.
[37]李战龙,汤钰鹏.三相功率因数校正电路拓扑结构的研究[J].通信电源技术.2007(5):60-63.
[38]S.Gataic,D.Boroyevich and F.C.Lee,"Soft-Switched Single-Switch Three-phase Rectifier With Power Factor Correction," IEEE Appl.Power Electron.Con＄ Rec,1994,pp.738-744.
[39]E.Ismail,C.Oliveira and R.Erickson,"A Low-Distortion Three-phase Multi-Resonant Boost Rectifier With Zero-Current Switching,"IEEEAppl.Power Electron.Con＄ Rec,1995,pp.849-855.
[40]W.B.Lawance.W.Mietczarski."Hmnonic current reduction in a Three-phase diode bridge rectifier,IEEE Trunsctcfions on Industrial Electronics,vol.39,no.6.Dec.1992,pp.571-576.
[41]肖金凤.无源滤波器的优化设计[J].南华大学学报.2001(9):14-17.
[42]弓振宇.基于单周期控制的三相高功率因数整流器研究[D].西北工业大学硕士学位论文.2006年4月.
[43]陈道炼.DC-AC逆变技术及其应用[M].机械工业出版社.2003.
[44]周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华.开关电源功率因数校正电路设计与应用[M].人民邮电出版社,2004年11月.
[45]丁大正.科学计算强档Mathematica4教程.电子工业出版社.2002年3月.
[46]嘉木工作室.Mathematica应用实例教程.机械工业出版社.2002年3 月
[47]吴天明等.MATLAB电力系统设计与分析[M].北京:国防工业出版社.2004.
[48]任万强,靳建峰,安建生,翁利民.大功率充电逆变电源的网侧电流谐波抑制[J].电力电容器.2005年第三期:11-14.
[49]SpiazziG.eta.l Implementation of single phase boost power factor correction circuit in three phase applications[J].IEEE Transactions on industrial e-lectronics,1997,44(3):365-371.
[50]Man jushas,Dawandeeta.l Three phase switch mode rectifier with hysteresis current control[J].IEEE Transactions on power electronics.1996,11(3):466-471.
[51]王玉魁,宋博岩,王振龙,赵万生.有源功率因数校正技术在脉冲电源设计中的应用[J].电加工与模具.2006年(1):35-37.
[52]Sharon D.Power Factor Definitions and Power Transfer Quality in Nonsinusoidal Situations.IEEE Trans on Instrumentation and Measurement,1996,4(3):728-733.