基于TCS230颜色传感器的花生色选机设计
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摘要
花生色选机是应用于农产品加工中用以提纯乳白花生仁,剔除异色杂质的一种智能分拣设备。它是集机械、光电子、光学、微计算机于一体的自动化检测系统。它的应用代替了人工分拣花生仁,降低了劳动强度,而且保证了分拣的精确性,大大提高了生产的自动化程度,具有广阔的市场前景。该设备对其它农产品分拣设备的研制、发展起到了推动的作用。
基于TCS230颜色传感器的花生色选机是通过光照射到被检测物表面,然后反射光进入到TCS230颜色传感器,并经过TCS230颜色传感器系统分析得出该被检测物是否为杂质物。然后根据分析判断的结果,通过单片机控制气动电磁阀,利用高压气流对杂质物进行喷除,以达到分拣异物的目的。
由于与目前市场上普遍使用的基于CCD/CMOS传感器的花生色选机不同,本文对基于TCS230颜色传感器的花生色选机结构本体进行了详细介绍和设计。论文首先阐述了研制该色选机的科学意义和应用前景,给出了色选机总体的设计方案;接着分别介绍了该色选机中两套机构的设计方案和两套装置的分析与应用。根据花生仁的体积形态特点,我们在现有电磁振动喂料器机构的基础上改进了适合于本课题的花生仁电磁振动喂料器,使其能够使花生仁在振动喂料的过程中定量、均匀、连续的流出,并且为了配合传送分拣运动机构,我们在电磁振动喂料器的底座上增加了循环往复移动功能;结合TCS230颜色传感器的特点,设计了传送分拣运动机构,以利于TCS230颜色传感器能够对每一粒花生仁进行表面颜色的全面检测,提高检测精度,同时还对TCS230颜色传感器系统装置的检测原理和方式进行了分析介绍,并通过实验得出了一定的数据结论;最后对分拣执行装置—气动电磁阀进行了功能介绍以及在使用过程中其常出现的问题进行了探讨。
本文在对基于TCS230颜色传感器的花生色选机机械部分进行详细设计的同时,并对其中的控制、检测等相关技术进行了分析和设计。把传感与测量等测控学科综合运用到本课题的机械产品中,使课题设计的产品达到了光机电一体化的的现代化市场要求,具有一定的理论和实践价值。
Peanut color sorters are intelligent sorting equipment which are used for purifying milk-white peanut and removing heterochrosis impurities in the agricultural products. It’s automated detection systems that integrate optoelectronics, optics, micro-computer in one machine. Its application has replaced the manual sorting peanuts, reduced labor intensity, ensured the accuracy of the sorting, and greatly improved the automation of the production. It has a broad market prospects. The device has played a catalytic role on the development of other agrictural soring equipment.
Peanut color sorters based on TCS230 color sensor are detected by the light that reflected by the peanut’s surface which is shined by LED light. And TCS230 color sensor system analysis the object whether an impurity or not. Then judging the results of the analysis, microcomputer control pneumatic solenoid valve, using high pressure on the impurity material to spray out, and achieve the purpose of sorting foreign bodies.
As different with the current market widespread use of peanut color sorters which are based on CCD/CMOS sensor. This paper detailed describes and designs the structureontology of the peanut color sorter based on TCS230 color sensor. First paper describes the scientific significance and prospects of developing this color sorter, gives the overall color sorter machine design, and then introduces two body design & two devices’s analysis and application. According to the characteristic size of peanut shape, we improve peanuts electromagnetic vibration feeder which is suitable for this topic on the basis of existing electromagnetic feeder, it can make peanuts quantitative, uniform, continuous flow when feeding. And in order to meet the send sorting sports agency, we increase cycle mobile function under the base of the electromagnetic bibrating feeder. Combining the characteristics of TCS230 color sensor, we have designed a send sorting sports agency to facilitate the TCS230 color sensor testing each peanut’s surface color, and this can improve accuracy. Also analysised and introduced the detection principle and way of the TCS230 color sensor system, by way of experiment we obtained some conclusions. Finally, introduced the function of sorting implementation device-pneumatic solenoid valve, and discussed the frequently problems during used.
While this paper detailed designed the peanut sorter machine based on TCS230 color sorter, also analysised and designed control, inspection and other related techniques. Make sensing and measurement applied to the subject of disciplinary machinery products, and make this subject achieved the optical and electrical integration to the modern market requirements, and this has some theoretical and practical value.
基于TCS230颜色传感器的花生色选机是通过光照射到被检测物表面,然后反射光进入到TCS230颜色传感器,并经过TCS230颜色传感器系统分析得出该被检测物是否为杂质物。然后根据分析判断的结果,通过单片机控制气动电磁阀,利用高压气流对杂质物进行喷除,以达到分拣异物的目的。
由于与目前市场上普遍使用的基于CCD/CMOS传感器的花生色选机不同,本文对基于TCS230颜色传感器的花生色选机结构本体进行了详细介绍和设计。论文首先阐述了研制该色选机的科学意义和应用前景,给出了色选机总体的设计方案;接着分别介绍了该色选机中两套机构的设计方案和两套装置的分析与应用。根据花生仁的体积形态特点,我们在现有电磁振动喂料器机构的基础上改进了适合于本课题的花生仁电磁振动喂料器,使其能够使花生仁在振动喂料的过程中定量、均匀、连续的流出,并且为了配合传送分拣运动机构,我们在电磁振动喂料器的底座上增加了循环往复移动功能;结合TCS230颜色传感器的特点,设计了传送分拣运动机构,以利于TCS230颜色传感器能够对每一粒花生仁进行表面颜色的全面检测,提高检测精度,同时还对TCS230颜色传感器系统装置的检测原理和方式进行了分析介绍,并通过实验得出了一定的数据结论;最后对分拣执行装置—气动电磁阀进行了功能介绍以及在使用过程中其常出现的问题进行了探讨。
本文在对基于TCS230颜色传感器的花生色选机机械部分进行详细设计的同时,并对其中的控制、检测等相关技术进行了分析和设计。把传感与测量等测控学科综合运用到本课题的机械产品中,使课题设计的产品达到了光机电一体化的的现代化市场要求,具有一定的理论和实践价值。
Peanut color sorters are intelligent sorting equipment which are used for purifying milk-white peanut and removing heterochrosis impurities in the agricultural products. It’s automated detection systems that integrate optoelectronics, optics, micro-computer in one machine. Its application has replaced the manual sorting peanuts, reduced labor intensity, ensured the accuracy of the sorting, and greatly improved the automation of the production. It has a broad market prospects. The device has played a catalytic role on the development of other agrictural soring equipment.
Peanut color sorters based on TCS230 color sensor are detected by the light that reflected by the peanut’s surface which is shined by LED light. And TCS230 color sensor system analysis the object whether an impurity or not. Then judging the results of the analysis, microcomputer control pneumatic solenoid valve, using high pressure on the impurity material to spray out, and achieve the purpose of sorting foreign bodies.
As different with the current market widespread use of peanut color sorters which are based on CCD/CMOS sensor. This paper detailed describes and designs the structureontology of the peanut color sorter based on TCS230 color sensor. First paper describes the scientific significance and prospects of developing this color sorter, gives the overall color sorter machine design, and then introduces two body design & two devices’s analysis and application. According to the characteristic size of peanut shape, we improve peanuts electromagnetic vibration feeder which is suitable for this topic on the basis of existing electromagnetic feeder, it can make peanuts quantitative, uniform, continuous flow when feeding. And in order to meet the send sorting sports agency, we increase cycle mobile function under the base of the electromagnetic bibrating feeder. Combining the characteristics of TCS230 color sensor, we have designed a send sorting sports agency to facilitate the TCS230 color sensor testing each peanut’s surface color, and this can improve accuracy. Also analysised and introduced the detection principle and way of the TCS230 color sensor system, by way of experiment we obtained some conclusions. Finally, introduced the function of sorting implementation device-pneumatic solenoid valve, and discussed the frequently problems during used.
While this paper detailed designed the peanut sorter machine based on TCS230 color sorter, also analysised and designed control, inspection and other related techniques. Make sensing and measurement applied to the subject of disciplinary machinery products, and make this subject achieved the optical and electrical integration to the modern market requirements, and this has some theoretical and practical value.
引文
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[2]杨伟强,王秀贞,张建成等.我国花生加工产业的现状、问题与对策[J].山东农业科学,2006(3):105-107.
[3]张吉民,苗华荣,李正超等.花生加工利用、贸易现状与展望[J].武汉工业学院学报,2002(2):104-106.
[4]张诚彬,陆锡华.色选机及其在粮食工业中的应用[J].粮食与饲料工业,1995(1):1-4.
[5]张麟.光电色选机及其应用[J].农机与食品机械,1997(5):24-27.
[6]林茂先.我国色选机自主创新产业化进程及发展趋势[J].技术装备,2008(2):38-39.
[7]谢锋云.葡萄干颜色光电分选技术研究[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2004,30(1):71-73.
[8]张麟,张小燕.光电色选机的结构及其特点.包装与食品机械,1997,15(2):21-24.
[9]Powers. J. B. etc. Electronic Color. Sorting of Fruit and Vegetables[J]. Agricultural Engineering,1953(3):149-154.
[10]Von Backmann. J. W. etc. Electronic Size and Color Grader for Tomatoes[J].ASAE,1978(1):25-30.
[11]张会娟,胡志超,王海欧等.我国谷物色选机概括及发展.农业机械,2009(12):39-41.
[12]赵志强,万书波,束春德等.农产品加工技术-花生加工[M].中国轻工业出版社,2001.
[13]卢川英,于浩成,孙敬辉等.基于TCS230传感器的颜色检测系统[J].吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2008,26(6):621-626.
[14]谢锋云.葡萄干颜色分选机的研究[D].长春理工大学,2003.
[15]侯汉民.葡萄干颜色分选机[J].农机与食品机械,1995(6):10-11.
[16]K Choi. G Lee Tomato maturity evaluation of a color image analysis[J]. ASAE,1995,38(1):171-176.
[17]李爱勤,张绪坤,徐刚等.颜色检测系统及其在果蔬干燥中的应用.江西科学,2009,27(1):127-131.
[18]骆有东.电磁振动给料器的性能及控制研究[J].包装工程,2005,26(4)54-56.
[19]郑堤,唐可洪.机电一体化设计基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1997:12-30.
[20]张建民.机电一体化原理与应用.北京:国防工业出版社,1994.
[21]徐灏,蔡春源,严隽琪等.机械设计手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2000(3):25-3.
[22]刘琳.部分曲线漏斗在大直径圆筒仓中的应用[J].煤矿设计,2001(6):21-22.
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