复合型ABR处理印染废水的中试研究
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摘要
印染废水具有水质复杂、pH高、可生化性差等特点,采用单一的好氧生物处理难以使出水达标排放,因此本研究采用中试规模的复合型厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)处理印染废水,通过厌氧微生物的水解酸化作用将印染废水中的复杂有机物降解为易于好氧微生物利用的简单有机物。本研究确定了复合型ABR稳定运行的工艺参数,从而为绍兴水处理发展有限公司一期工程厌氧段挖潜改造工程的设计和运行提供了决策依据和参考。
本研究考察了复合型ABR的启动及其运行效能,中试结果表明,复合型ABR在HRT为60 h,pH为7.0~8.5,水力负荷为9.3 m~3/(m~2·d),容积负荷为0.4 kgCOD/(m~3·d)的条件下启动。复合型ABR将印染废水中的84种有机物削减为44种,并有效去除了某些类型的染料;在进水COD范围为700~1300 mg/L,HRT为12 h,pH在7.0~9.0波动时,水解酸化效果较明显,COD去除率平均为28.6 %,废水的平均B/C由0.27提高至0.35;当pH在6.5~7.2波动时,产甲烷作用增强,COD平均去除率达到40.0 %。SS的平均去除率为40.8 %。
复合型ABR出水经好氧处理后,COD变化范围为104~142 mg/L,平均值为124 mg/L,经少量硫酸铝试剂混凝处理后可达标排放。复合型ABR降低了废水的污染程度,提高了废水的可生化性,减小了废水的pH变化范围,从而为后续好氧段的稳定运行提供了有利条件。
广义灰色关联分析结果表明,表面水力负荷、容积负荷、水温和进水SS对复合型ABR的COD去除效果影响较大。依据复合型ABR的运行效能和广义灰色关联法的分析结果,确定了复合型ABR稳定运行的工艺参数:HRT控制在12 h;pH范围为7.0~9.0;碱度保持在600~1400 mg/L;ORP保持在-450~-550 mV;表面水力负荷为40~48 m~3/(m~2·d);容积负荷为1.3~2.5 kgCOD/(m~3·d)。
通过分析复合型ABR的COD去除率的影响因素,认为复合型ABR的表面水力负荷的最大提升幅度不宜超过每天3 m~3/(m~2·d);可以不调节复合型ABR内的温度,但应尽可能采取适当的保温措施;应当对ABR的各隔室底部及时适量排泥。
Dye wastewater is characterized by complex quality, high pH, low biodegradability and so on, which is difficult to be discharged under standard by single aerobic biological treatment. Therefore, this study used a pilot-scale compound anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) to treat dye wastewater, which utilized the hydrolyzation and acidification of the anaerobic microbes to degrade the complex organic matter in dye wastewater to simple one which could be easily used by aerobic microbes. This study identified technical parameters for steady operation of the modified anaerobic baffled reactor, and thus supplied basis and reference for decision making for the design and operation of the anaerobic part revamp engineering of the First Period Engineering in Shaoxing Water Treatment and Development Ltd.
This study investigated the startup and operation performance of the modified anaerobic baffled reactor. The pilot-scale trial results showed that the reactor were successfully started up under the condition that influent COD range was 700~1 300 mg/L, HRT was 60 h, pH 7.0~8.5, hydraulic load range 9.3 m~3/(m~2·d) and volume load 0.4 kgCOD/(m~3·d). The modified anaerobic baffled reactor reduced the organic matter type number from 84 to 44, effectively removed some types of dye; when pH fluctuated between 7.0 and 9.0, the effect of hydrolyzation and acidification was evident, the average COD removal efficiency was 28.6 % and the ratio of BOD to COD from 0.27 to 0.35; when pH fluctuated between 6.5 and 7.2, the effect of methanogenesis was intensified, and the average COD removal efficiency reached 40.0 %. The average SS removal efficiency was 40.8 %.
After the effluent of the compound ABR was treated by aerobic process, the COD variation range was 104~142 mg/L, the average of which was 124 mg/L. The effluent could be discharged under standard after cogulation treatment by a small amount of aluminium sulfate. The compound ABR reduced the pollution degree of dye wastewater, improved its biodegradability, decreased its pH variation range, and thus supplied favorable conditions for the steady operation of the latter aerobic part.
The results of generalized grey relational analysis showed that hydraulic load, volume load, water temperature and influent SS greatly influenced COD removal efficiency. Based on the operational performance of the modified anaerobic baffled reactor and the results of generalized grey relational analysis maintained in a certain range: technical parameters for steady operation of the reactor were identified: HRT 12 h; pH range 7.0~9.0; alkalinity range 600~1400 mg/L; ORP range -450~-550 mV; hydraulic load range range 40~48 m~3/(m~2·d), volume load range 1.3~2.5 kgCOD/(m~3·d).
Based on comprehensive analysis on the influencing factors of COD removal efficiency of the reactor, it is suggested that the maximum elevation of hydraulic load of the reactor should not be higher than 3 m~3/(m~2·d) per day; there is no need to regulate the reactor temperature, but it is better to take some insulation measures; it is necessary to discharge a proper amount of sludge at the bottom of each compartment in time.
本研究考察了复合型ABR的启动及其运行效能,中试结果表明,复合型ABR在HRT为60 h,pH为7.0~8.5,水力负荷为9.3 m~3/(m~2·d),容积负荷为0.4 kgCOD/(m~3·d)的条件下启动。复合型ABR将印染废水中的84种有机物削减为44种,并有效去除了某些类型的染料;在进水COD范围为700~1300 mg/L,HRT为12 h,pH在7.0~9.0波动时,水解酸化效果较明显,COD去除率平均为28.6 %,废水的平均B/C由0.27提高至0.35;当pH在6.5~7.2波动时,产甲烷作用增强,COD平均去除率达到40.0 %。SS的平均去除率为40.8 %。
复合型ABR出水经好氧处理后,COD变化范围为104~142 mg/L,平均值为124 mg/L,经少量硫酸铝试剂混凝处理后可达标排放。复合型ABR降低了废水的污染程度,提高了废水的可生化性,减小了废水的pH变化范围,从而为后续好氧段的稳定运行提供了有利条件。
广义灰色关联分析结果表明,表面水力负荷、容积负荷、水温和进水SS对复合型ABR的COD去除效果影响较大。依据复合型ABR的运行效能和广义灰色关联法的分析结果,确定了复合型ABR稳定运行的工艺参数:HRT控制在12 h;pH范围为7.0~9.0;碱度保持在600~1400 mg/L;ORP保持在-450~-550 mV;表面水力负荷为40~48 m~3/(m~2·d);容积负荷为1.3~2.5 kgCOD/(m~3·d)。
通过分析复合型ABR的COD去除率的影响因素,认为复合型ABR的表面水力负荷的最大提升幅度不宜超过每天3 m~3/(m~2·d);可以不调节复合型ABR内的温度,但应尽可能采取适当的保温措施;应当对ABR的各隔室底部及时适量排泥。
Dye wastewater is characterized by complex quality, high pH, low biodegradability and so on, which is difficult to be discharged under standard by single aerobic biological treatment. Therefore, this study used a pilot-scale compound anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) to treat dye wastewater, which utilized the hydrolyzation and acidification of the anaerobic microbes to degrade the complex organic matter in dye wastewater to simple one which could be easily used by aerobic microbes. This study identified technical parameters for steady operation of the modified anaerobic baffled reactor, and thus supplied basis and reference for decision making for the design and operation of the anaerobic part revamp engineering of the First Period Engineering in Shaoxing Water Treatment and Development Ltd.
This study investigated the startup and operation performance of the modified anaerobic baffled reactor. The pilot-scale trial results showed that the reactor were successfully started up under the condition that influent COD range was 700~1 300 mg/L, HRT was 60 h, pH 7.0~8.5, hydraulic load range 9.3 m~3/(m~2·d) and volume load 0.4 kgCOD/(m~3·d). The modified anaerobic baffled reactor reduced the organic matter type number from 84 to 44, effectively removed some types of dye; when pH fluctuated between 7.0 and 9.0, the effect of hydrolyzation and acidification was evident, the average COD removal efficiency was 28.6 % and the ratio of BOD to COD from 0.27 to 0.35; when pH fluctuated between 6.5 and 7.2, the effect of methanogenesis was intensified, and the average COD removal efficiency reached 40.0 %. The average SS removal efficiency was 40.8 %.
After the effluent of the compound ABR was treated by aerobic process, the COD variation range was 104~142 mg/L, the average of which was 124 mg/L. The effluent could be discharged under standard after cogulation treatment by a small amount of aluminium sulfate. The compound ABR reduced the pollution degree of dye wastewater, improved its biodegradability, decreased its pH variation range, and thus supplied favorable conditions for the steady operation of the latter aerobic part.
The results of generalized grey relational analysis showed that hydraulic load, volume load, water temperature and influent SS greatly influenced COD removal efficiency. Based on the operational performance of the modified anaerobic baffled reactor and the results of generalized grey relational analysis maintained in a certain range: technical parameters for steady operation of the reactor were identified: HRT 12 h; pH range 7.0~9.0; alkalinity range 600~1400 mg/L; ORP range -450~-550 mV; hydraulic load range range 40~48 m~3/(m~2·d), volume load range 1.3~2.5 kgCOD/(m~3·d).
Based on comprehensive analysis on the influencing factors of COD removal efficiency of the reactor, it is suggested that the maximum elevation of hydraulic load of the reactor should not be higher than 3 m~3/(m~2·d) per day; there is no need to regulate the reactor temperature, but it is better to take some insulation measures; it is necessary to discharge a proper amount of sludge at the bottom of each compartment in time.
引文
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78 A. Grobicki, D. C. Stuckey. Hydrodynamic Characteristics of the Anaerobic Baffled Reactor. Water Research. 1992, 26(3): 371~378
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80孔火良,吴慧芳.水力停留时间对ABR反应器处理印染废水的影响.中国沼气. 2008, 26(3): 15~18
81 H. L. Kong, H. F. Wu. Pretreatment of Textile Dyeing Wastewater Using anAnoxic Baffled Reactor. Bioresource Technology. 2008, 99(16): 7886~7891
82吴慧芳,王世和,夏明芳等. ABR处理印染废水水温影响特性及降解模型.工业水处理. 2006, 26(10): 39~43
83康晓鹍,王世和,晏再生等. ABR处理印染废水的生化反应动力学研究.给水排水. 2009, 35: 293~296
84熊春梅,林豪杰. (ABR+SBR)特性分析及其在印染废水中的应用.宁波高等专科学校学报. 2003, 15(4): 24~26
85张玉华,高新红,袁东等. ABR-接触氧化-混凝沉淀工艺处理印染废水.给水排水. 2007, 33(9): 63~64
86周华. ABR-一体化氧化沟组合工艺处理高浓度印染废水.广东水利电力职业技术学院学报. 2009, 7(4): 50~54
87许华诚.印染废水处理技术难点浅析.中国环保产业. 2008, (9): 48~49
88王进.高效厌氧技术在印染废水处理中的应用研究.上海交通大学博士学位论文. 2007: 1~5, 72, 36, 38, 39, 55~56, 51, 62, 59, 50, 57
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91李刚,杨立中,欧阳峰.厌氧消化过程控制因素及pH和Eh的影响分析.西南交通大学学报. 2001, 36(5): 518~521
92孔火良,夏明芳.折流式水解反应器处理印染废水水温影响研究.环境污染治理技术与设备. 2006, 7(12): 77~81
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77 J. L. Wang, Y. H. Huang. Performance and Characteristics of an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor. Bioresource Technology. 2004, 93(3): 205~208
78 A. Grobicki, D. C. Stuckey. Hydrodynamic Characteristics of the Anaerobic Baffled Reactor. Water Research. 1992, 26(3): 371~378
79喻学敏,白永刚,刘伟京等. ABR反应器预处理综合印染废水研究.环境工程学报. 2009, 3(6): 981~984
80孔火良,吴慧芳.水力停留时间对ABR反应器处理印染废水的影响.中国沼气. 2008, 26(3): 15~18
81 H. L. Kong, H. F. Wu. Pretreatment of Textile Dyeing Wastewater Using anAnoxic Baffled Reactor. Bioresource Technology. 2008, 99(16): 7886~7891
82吴慧芳,王世和,夏明芳等. ABR处理印染废水水温影响特性及降解模型.工业水处理. 2006, 26(10): 39~43
83康晓鹍,王世和,晏再生等. ABR处理印染废水的生化反应动力学研究.给水排水. 2009, 35: 293~296
84熊春梅,林豪杰. (ABR+SBR)特性分析及其在印染废水中的应用.宁波高等专科学校学报. 2003, 15(4): 24~26
85张玉华,高新红,袁东等. ABR-接触氧化-混凝沉淀工艺处理印染废水.给水排水. 2007, 33(9): 63~64
86周华. ABR-一体化氧化沟组合工艺处理高浓度印染废水.广东水利电力职业技术学院学报. 2009, 7(4): 50~54
87许华诚.印染废水处理技术难点浅析.中国环保产业. 2008, (9): 48~49
88王进.高效厌氧技术在印染废水处理中的应用研究.上海交通大学博士学位论文. 2007: 1~5, 72, 36, 38, 39, 55~56, 51, 62, 59, 50, 57
89国家环保局.水和废水监测分析方法(第四版).北京:中国环境科学出版. 2002: 88~284
90陈世联.灰关联空间及其绝对关联度.曲靖师专学报. 1994, 13(1): 1~6
91李刚,杨立中,欧阳峰.厌氧消化过程控制因素及pH和Eh的影响分析.西南交通大学学报. 2001, 36(5): 518~521
92孔火良,夏明芳.折流式水解反应器处理印染废水水温影响研究.环境污染治理技术与设备. 2006, 7(12): 77~81
93 F. M. Espinoza-Escalante, C. Pelayo-Ortíz, J. Navarro-Corona et al. Anaerobic Digestion of the Vinasses from the Fermentation of Agave Tequilana Weber to Tequila: The Effect of PH, Temperature and Hydraulic Retention Time on the Production of Hydrogen and Methane. Biomass and Bioenergy. 2009, 33(1): 14~20
94刘思峰.灰色系统理论及其应用(第三版).科学出版社. 2004: 61~70
95冯骞.水力条件对活性污泥处理系统的影响.河海大学博士论文. 2007: 24~26
96石宪奎,樊秀芹.水力负荷与污泥负荷对污泥颗粒化过程的影响.水处理技术. 2007, 33(3): 11~13
97刘炳娟.污泥负荷与水力负荷对颗粒污泥形成的影响.广东化工. 2008, 35(11): 87~89
98张晓鹤.有机负荷对上流式多级厌氧反应器(UMAR)性能及颗粒污泥的影响研究.广西大学硕士论文. 2008: 27~28
99 A. K. B. Amorim, M. Zaiat and E. Foresti. Performance and Stability of an Anaerobic Fixed Bed Reactor Subjected to Progressive Increasing Concentrations of Influent Organic Matter and Organic Shock Loads. Journal of Environmental Management. 2005, 76(4): 319~325
100 G. C. Cha, H. K. Chung and J. C. Chung. Suppression of Acidogenic Activities due to Rapid Temperature Drop in Anaerobic Digestion. Biotechnology Letters. 1997, 19(5): 461~464
101 S. Nachaiyasit, D. C. Stuckey. Effect of Low Temperatures on the Performance of an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR). Journal of Chemical Technology. Biotechnology. 1997, (69): 276~280