基于S3C2410现场智能测斜仪的研究与开发
摘要
测斜技术是测量方法和仪器相结合,测量和监控地下空间的位置及其方向位移、倾角变化等,测斜仪系统广泛应用于铁路交通、水电大坝、桥梁、建筑、矿山、地质环境勘察及其它岩土工程领域,以保证岩土工程重要环节的安全顺利进行。
本文从测斜仪的系统组成和工作原理出发,结合基于ARM9的嵌入式系统开发原理及过程,从系统的软硬件设计、操作系统的移植、图形用户界面的开发、嵌入式数据库的应用等方面对现场智能测斜仪的设计与开发进行了重点研究。该仪器以ARM920T内核芯片S3C2410作为处理器核心,并围绕其进行了硬件系统的设计。采用芬兰VTI公司先进的倾角测量传感器芯片SCA100T-D02作为敏感元件,采用LCD显示器、触摸屏实现了数据显示和人机交互,采用USB接口、串口实现与PC的数据传输,另外还包括传输电缆、专用测斜管、可充电电源等部分。
在对硬件体系结构和linux操作系统进行深入分析的基础上,完成了嵌入式linux操作系统的移植,选用MiniGUI作为图形用户界面支持系统,实现了嵌入式数据库SQLite的应用。成功开发了包含中文字符输入的MiniGUI软键盘模块、基于数据库的测量数据管理系统、连接倾角传感器的SPI设备驱动程序、测斜仪图形界面应用程序等,使整套系统具有测量精度高、稳定可靠性好、使用简便和测量现场化等优点。
Inclinometer technology is the measurement methods and instrument combined, measuring and monitoring the location of underground space and the direction of displacement, angle changes, inclinometer system widely used in railway transportation, hydroelectric dams, bridges, construction, mining, geological environmental surveys and Other infrastructure engineering, to ensure the important link of infrastructure construction carried out safety and smoothly.
On basis of inclinometer system composition and operational principle, combining ARM9-based embedded system development process and principles. To design a field intelligent inclinometer, This paper emphasis on research of system hardware and software design, operating system transplant, development of graphical user interface, and embedded database applications and so on. inclinometer uses ARM920T core chip S3C2410 as processor, then accomplished hardware system design focus on it. Which adopts VTI's advanced angle sensor chip SCA100T-D02 as sensitive components, uses LCD monitor and touch-screen to realize data display and man-machine interactive control, uses USB interface and serial port to carry out data transmission, in addition hardware includes transmission line, special angle test tube, rechargeable power supply and other parts.
On basis of in-depth analysis about hardware architecture and linux operating system, completed embedded linux operating system transplant, used MiniGUI as graphical user interface support system, and realized embedded database SQLite application. successful developed MiniGUI soft keyboard module include of Chinese character input, measurement data management systems based on database, SPI driver for connecting angle sensor, GUI application program. So the whole system has many advantages as high accuracy, good reliability, good stability, easy use and field measurement.
本文从测斜仪的系统组成和工作原理出发,结合基于ARM9的嵌入式系统开发原理及过程,从系统的软硬件设计、操作系统的移植、图形用户界面的开发、嵌入式数据库的应用等方面对现场智能测斜仪的设计与开发进行了重点研究。该仪器以ARM920T内核芯片S3C2410作为处理器核心,并围绕其进行了硬件系统的设计。采用芬兰VTI公司先进的倾角测量传感器芯片SCA100T-D02作为敏感元件,采用LCD显示器、触摸屏实现了数据显示和人机交互,采用USB接口、串口实现与PC的数据传输,另外还包括传输电缆、专用测斜管、可充电电源等部分。
在对硬件体系结构和linux操作系统进行深入分析的基础上,完成了嵌入式linux操作系统的移植,选用MiniGUI作为图形用户界面支持系统,实现了嵌入式数据库SQLite的应用。成功开发了包含中文字符输入的MiniGUI软键盘模块、基于数据库的测量数据管理系统、连接倾角传感器的SPI设备驱动程序、测斜仪图形界面应用程序等,使整套系统具有测量精度高、稳定可靠性好、使用简便和测量现场化等优点。
Inclinometer technology is the measurement methods and instrument combined, measuring and monitoring the location of underground space and the direction of displacement, angle changes, inclinometer system widely used in railway transportation, hydroelectric dams, bridges, construction, mining, geological environmental surveys and Other infrastructure engineering, to ensure the important link of infrastructure construction carried out safety and smoothly.
On basis of inclinometer system composition and operational principle, combining ARM9-based embedded system development process and principles. To design a field intelligent inclinometer, This paper emphasis on research of system hardware and software design, operating system transplant, development of graphical user interface, and embedded database applications and so on. inclinometer uses ARM920T core chip S3C2410 as processor, then accomplished hardware system design focus on it. Which adopts VTI's advanced angle sensor chip SCA100T-D02 as sensitive components, uses LCD monitor and touch-screen to realize data display and man-machine interactive control, uses USB interface and serial port to carry out data transmission, in addition hardware includes transmission line, special angle test tube, rechargeable power supply and other parts.
On basis of in-depth analysis about hardware architecture and linux operating system, completed embedded linux operating system transplant, used MiniGUI as graphical user interface support system, and realized embedded database SQLite application. successful developed MiniGUI soft keyboard module include of Chinese character input, measurement data management systems based on database, SPI driver for connecting angle sensor, GUI application program. So the whole system has many advantages as high accuracy, good reliability, good stability, easy use and field measurement.
引文
[1]崔政权,李宁.边坡工程--理论与实践最新发展.北京:中国水利水电出版社,1999.
[2]李燕东.钻孔测斜仪及其在边坡中的应用.人民长江,1994,(11):26—32
[3]王文军.DGT—1自动测斜仪的研究开发[硕士学位论文].长春:吉林大学,2005
[4]王继华,彭振斌,杜长学,等.浅析测斜仪检测原理和应用.勘察科学技术,2005,(2):55-58
[5]Slope Indicator Company.Digitilt Inclinometer Probe.(2005-05-17).http://www.slopeindicator.com.
[6]赵铁峰,王凯,王为民,等.基于ARM为处理器的智能控制器.化工自动化及仪表,2005,32(1):77—78
[7]Wolf W H.Hardware-Software Co-Design of Embedded Systems.Proceeding of the IEEE,1994,82(7):967-989
[8]华恒科技.HHARM2410开发平台技术手册.(2006-12-31).http://www.hhcn.org.
[9]杜春雷.ARM体系结构与编程.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[10]潘巨龙,黄宁,姚伏天,等.ARM9嵌入式Linux系统构建与应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[11]张海涛,阎贵平.MEMS加速度传感器的原理及分析.电子工艺技术,2003,24(6):260—262
[12]VTI Technologies.Angle vs Digital Output.(2005-09-05).http://www.vti.fi/en/products-solutions/customer-support/downloads.
[13]VTI Technologies.Voltage to Angle Conversion.(2005-09-05).http://www.vti.fi/en/products-solutions/customer-support/downloads.
[14]孙汝建.基于SPI接口的双轴SCA100T倾角传感器及其应用方法.仪器仪表用户,2006,13(4):69—71
[15]王成儒,朱振涛.基于S3C2410的LCD显示系统设计.仪器仪表学报,2006,27(6):2547—2548
[16]Hynix Semiconductor Inc.HY57V641620BT Datasheet.(2003-7-14).http://www.hynix.com/gl/index.jsp.
[17]Intel Corp.28F128J3C Datasheet.(2002-03-21).http://developer.inte l.com/design/flcomp/packdata/298049.htm.
[18]邹思轶.嵌入式Linux设计与应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[19]Karim Yaghmour.构建嵌入式Linux系统(0'Reilly Taiwan公司译).北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[20]郭秋平.基于ARM系统的Linux平台移植研究[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2006
[21]詹荣开.嵌入式系统Boot Loader技术内幕.(2003—12-01).http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/1-btloader/.
[22]吕波,习勇,魏急波.基于PPCBOOT的嵌入式Linux系统的开发.电子工程师,2003,29(8):1-3
[23]北京博创科技.2410-s实验指导书.(2005-10-25).http://www.up-tech.com.
[24]魏永明,钟书毅,潘伟国.Linux/μClinux+MiniGUI:嵌入式系统开发原理、工具及过程.北京:北京飞漫软件技术有限公司,2005.
[25]busybox
[26]魏永明.实时嵌入式Linux系统上GUI的发展与展望.徽电脑世界,2000,32(49):22—27
[27]周立功.ARM嵌入式MiniGUI初步与应用开发范例.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[28]倪天龙,张贤高,王培.数据库SQLite在嵌入式系统中的应用.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2005,(10):35-37
[29]张晓华,黄布毅.基于ARM-Linux的SQLite嵌入式数据技术.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2005,(4):21-24
[30]华恒科技.MiniGUI在华恒平台上的移植步骤.(2005-01-27).http://www.hhcn.org/.
[31]zieckey.sqlite3.0.8嵌入式数据库的ARM—Linux移置详解.(2007-09-19).http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/16292/showart_385695.html.
[32]Beijing Feynman Software Technology.MiniGUI Programming Guide.(2004-07-01).http://www.minigui.com/index.php?id=minigui-doc-dev-pack age&L=1.
[33]Beijing Feynman Software Technology.MiniGUI API Reference.(2003-09-15).http://www.minigui.com/api_ref/1.3.x/index.html.
[34]Brian W.Kernighan,Demmis M.Ritchie.C程序设计语言(徐宝文,李志译).北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[35]Michael Owens.The Definitive Guide to SQLite.America:Apress,2006.
[36]孙天泽.嵌入式设计及Linux驱动开发指南.北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[37]刘淼.嵌入式系统接口设计与Linux驱动程序开发.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[38]VTI Technologies.Example SPI SW for SCA61T- and SCA10xx Series.(2005-09-05).http://www.vti.fi/en/products-solutions/customer-support /downloads.
[39]VTI Technologies.Inclinometer SCA100T Series Datasheet.(2005-09-05).http://www.vti.fi/en/products-solutions/customer-support/downloads.
[40]SAMSUNG Electronics.S3C2410X 32-bit RISC microprocessor user's manual.(2003-04-28).http://www.samsungsemi.com.
[41]李长林.Visual Basic串口通信技术与典型实例.北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[2]李燕东.钻孔测斜仪及其在边坡中的应用.人民长江,1994,(11):26—32
[3]王文军.DGT—1自动测斜仪的研究开发[硕士学位论文].长春:吉林大学,2005
[4]王继华,彭振斌,杜长学,等.浅析测斜仪检测原理和应用.勘察科学技术,2005,(2):55-58
[5]Slope Indicator Company.Digitilt Inclinometer Probe.(2005-05-17).http://www.slopeindicator.com.
[6]赵铁峰,王凯,王为民,等.基于ARM为处理器的智能控制器.化工自动化及仪表,2005,32(1):77—78
[7]Wolf W H.Hardware-Software Co-Design of Embedded Systems.Proceeding of the IEEE,1994,82(7):967-989
[8]华恒科技.HHARM2410开发平台技术手册.(2006-12-31).http://www.hhcn.org.
[9]杜春雷.ARM体系结构与编程.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[10]潘巨龙,黄宁,姚伏天,等.ARM9嵌入式Linux系统构建与应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[11]张海涛,阎贵平.MEMS加速度传感器的原理及分析.电子工艺技术,2003,24(6):260—262
[12]VTI Technologies.Angle vs Digital Output.(2005-09-05).http://www.vti.fi/en/products-solutions/customer-support/downloads.
[13]VTI Technologies.Voltage to Angle Conversion.(2005-09-05).http://www.vti.fi/en/products-solutions/customer-support/downloads.
[14]孙汝建.基于SPI接口的双轴SCA100T倾角传感器及其应用方法.仪器仪表用户,2006,13(4):69—71
[15]王成儒,朱振涛.基于S3C2410的LCD显示系统设计.仪器仪表学报,2006,27(6):2547—2548
[16]Hynix Semiconductor Inc.HY57V641620BT Datasheet.(2003-7-14).http://www.hynix.com/gl/index.jsp.
[17]Intel Corp.28F128J3C Datasheet.(2002-03-21).http://developer.inte l.com/design/flcomp/packdata/298049.htm.
[18]邹思轶.嵌入式Linux设计与应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[19]Karim Yaghmour.构建嵌入式Linux系统(0'Reilly Taiwan公司译).北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[20]郭秋平.基于ARM系统的Linux平台移植研究[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2006
[21]詹荣开.嵌入式系统Boot Loader技术内幕.(2003—12-01).http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/1-btloader/.
[22]吕波,习勇,魏急波.基于PPCBOOT的嵌入式Linux系统的开发.电子工程师,2003,29(8):1-3
[23]北京博创科技.2410-s实验指导书.(2005-10-25).http://www.up-tech.com.
[24]魏永明,钟书毅,潘伟国.Linux/μClinux+MiniGUI:嵌入式系统开发原理、工具及过程.北京:北京飞漫软件技术有限公司,2005.
[25]busybox
[26]魏永明.实时嵌入式Linux系统上GUI的发展与展望.徽电脑世界,2000,32(49):22—27
[27]周立功.ARM嵌入式MiniGUI初步与应用开发范例.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[28]倪天龙,张贤高,王培.数据库SQLite在嵌入式系统中的应用.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2005,(10):35-37
[29]张晓华,黄布毅.基于ARM-Linux的SQLite嵌入式数据技术.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2005,(4):21-24
[30]华恒科技.MiniGUI在华恒平台上的移植步骤.(2005-01-27).http://www.hhcn.org/.
[31]zieckey.sqlite3.0.8嵌入式数据库的ARM—Linux移置详解.(2007-09-19).http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/16292/showart_385695.html.
[32]Beijing Feynman Software Technology.MiniGUI Programming Guide.(2004-07-01).http://www.minigui.com/index.php?id=minigui-doc-dev-pack age&L=1.
[33]Beijing Feynman Software Technology.MiniGUI API Reference.(2003-09-15).http://www.minigui.com/api_ref/1.3.x/index.html.
[34]Brian W.Kernighan,Demmis M.Ritchie.C程序设计语言(徐宝文,李志译).北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[35]Michael Owens.The Definitive Guide to SQLite.America:Apress,2006.
[36]孙天泽.嵌入式设计及Linux驱动开发指南.北京:电子工业出版社,2004.
[37]刘淼.嵌入式系统接口设计与Linux驱动程序开发.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2006.
[38]VTI Technologies.Example SPI SW for SCA61T- and SCA10xx Series.(2005-09-05).http://www.vti.fi/en/products-solutions/customer-support /downloads.
[39]VTI Technologies.Inclinometer SCA100T Series Datasheet.(2005-09-05).http://www.vti.fi/en/products-solutions/customer-support/downloads.
[40]SAMSUNG Electronics.S3C2410X 32-bit RISC microprocessor user's manual.(2003-04-28).http://www.samsungsemi.com.
[41]李长林.Visual Basic串口通信技术与典型实例.北京:清华大学出版社,2006.