真空管道运输系统管道实验模型概念设计
摘要
随着信息技术逐步走向成熟及其应用的深入普及,一场新型运输技术革命正在酝酿之中。上个世纪末短短的20几年中,以计算机、互联网和通讯手段为代表的信息化浪潮,使全球政治经济与社会生活方式发生了深刻变化,虚拟沟通、视频会议、网络银行、网上购物和电子商务等得到蓬勃发展。与此同时,快速和高效的物流配送,成为信息化时代难以逾越的瓶颈问题。虽然大规模的高速公路兴建、铁路提速、航班增加和物流模式优化等缓解了物流不畅、配送时效不高的尴尬,但是,难以从根本上改变货物运输严重滞后于信息化的现状。这一滞后的最显著差别是——当前的货物运输速度跟信息化的即时沟通速度不相匹配。
在火车、汽车和飞机等运输方式之后,人们认识到,磁悬浮技术将是未来交通运输领域的一个重要发展方向。这种磁悬浮车辆适合放置于管道中,再把管道中抽成一定真空,由于同时消除机械摩擦和空气阻力,其运行速度能比飞机快许多倍,此即真空管道运输系统。
本文将从分析管道实验模型的尺寸、各功能部件的概念设计出发,研究管道模型内部的隔离室、密封舱等应用部件,并讨论管道内电机冷却方案以及实现需求真空度的真空获得设备的选择。
With the growing up and promulgation of IT industry, a new transport technology revolution is being brewed. In the past 20 years, the information wave that is marked mainly by computers, internet and communication instrument, have brought sound changes in many areas such as economic, politics and social life style all over the world. Virtual communicating, video conferences, web banks, shopping online and E-commerce have developed vigorously. At the same time, how to meeting the demand for fast and efficient logistics is becoming the chock point which is difficult to be overstepped in the IT times. Although the large-scale construction of highways, railway velocity improving, flights increasing and optimization of logistics mode etc., relaxed the situation about unsmoothed logistics and low distribution efficiency, it is impossible that those improving methods solve the current situation that freight transportation is lagged behind the IT development. The basic prominent distinction is that the velocity of the freight transport doesn't match the velocity of byte in IT industry severely.
Luckily, after the train, automobile and airplane, Maglev had been proved to be a feasible and useful technology. Maglev is very suitable for being put into the tube that will be evacuated, namely vacuum tube. Because both mechanical friction and air resistance are eliminated, the vehicle in such kind of evacuated tube could run much faster than airplane. This evacuated tube transportation (ETT) system is fit to not only transporting people, but also transporting goods.
在火车、汽车和飞机等运输方式之后,人们认识到,磁悬浮技术将是未来交通运输领域的一个重要发展方向。这种磁悬浮车辆适合放置于管道中,再把管道中抽成一定真空,由于同时消除机械摩擦和空气阻力,其运行速度能比飞机快许多倍,此即真空管道运输系统。
本文将从分析管道实验模型的尺寸、各功能部件的概念设计出发,研究管道模型内部的隔离室、密封舱等应用部件,并讨论管道内电机冷却方案以及实现需求真空度的真空获得设备的选择。
With the growing up and promulgation of IT industry, a new transport technology revolution is being brewed. In the past 20 years, the information wave that is marked mainly by computers, internet and communication instrument, have brought sound changes in many areas such as economic, politics and social life style all over the world. Virtual communicating, video conferences, web banks, shopping online and E-commerce have developed vigorously. At the same time, how to meeting the demand for fast and efficient logistics is becoming the chock point which is difficult to be overstepped in the IT times. Although the large-scale construction of highways, railway velocity improving, flights increasing and optimization of logistics mode etc., relaxed the situation about unsmoothed logistics and low distribution efficiency, it is impossible that those improving methods solve the current situation that freight transportation is lagged behind the IT development. The basic prominent distinction is that the velocity of the freight transport doesn't match the velocity of byte in IT industry severely.
Luckily, after the train, automobile and airplane, Maglev had been proved to be a feasible and useful technology. Maglev is very suitable for being put into the tube that will be evacuated, namely vacuum tube. Because both mechanical friction and air resistance are eliminated, the vehicle in such kind of evacuated tube could run much faster than airplane. This evacuated tube transportation (ETT) system is fit to not only transporting people, but also transporting goods.
引文
[1]沈志云.关于我国发展真空管道高速交通的思考[J].西南交通大学学报,2005,4(2):133-137
[2]张耀平.ETT:处在科技前沿的下一代运输方式.http://www.ccmetro.com/,200506
[3]Evacuated Tube Transport Technologies.Space Travel on Earth.http://www.et3.com,200511
[4]http://www.transrapid.com
[5]张耀平等.真空管道安全问题研究[J].交通信息与工程学报,2005,4(2):133-137
[6]朱仙福等.磁悬浮列车的涡流制动问题[J].机车电传动,2001,(4):32-34
[7](美)Patent5950543,Evacuated tube transport,by Daryl Oster,September14,1999
[8]张耀平.引发运输革命的三种磁悬浮车技术[J].综合运输,2004,6;19-23
[9]张耀平.中国铁路跨越式发展的机会窗口[J].西南交通大学学报,2006,2;138-140
[10]张耀平.京沪高速轨道交通:让ETT平息轮轨与磁悬浮之争[J].中国软科学,2003,;152-155
[11]张耀平.真空管道运输——真空产业发展的新机遇[J].真空,2006,3;56-59
[12]沈培钧.综合交通如何走出未来之路[J].综合运输
[13]张耀平.ETT:处在科技前沿的下一代运输方式[J].综合运输,2004,3;15-19
[14]刘智勇.高速磁悬浮列车安全曲线速度算法及紧急制动控制研究.浙江大学硕士学位论文,2004
[15]Yan LG.Development of the Maglev Transportation in China In:Maglev' 2004Proceedings.2004
[16]王洪坡.悬浮列车速度控制与自动驾驶系统研究,湖南:国防科大硕士论文,2002
[17]徐家镇等.磁悬浮列车运行控制系统仿真环境研究[J].微机与应用,2005,12:44-46
[18]易思蓉.上海磁悬浮示范运营线线路技术条件[J].中国铁路,2001,8:42-43
[19]张瑞华等.一种新的高速磁悬浮列车—瑞士真空管道高速磁悬浮列车方案[J].变流技术与牵引,2004,1:44-46
[20]Davey K.An integrated Maglev System[C],15~(th)international Conference On Magnetically Levitated Systems,1998:90-96
[21]Hisana KUROBE.Train control system in yamanashi maglev test line[J].QR of RTRI,1996,37(2):94-98
[22]Motoharu Ono.The operation control system for the yamanashi maglev test Line [J].Hitachi Review.1997,46(2):101-108
[23]Yoshinao YOKOTA.The maglev train protection systems and train position detection[J].Quart Rep Of RTRI.1994,35(3):185-191
[24]Hitoshi Tsuruga.Superconducting magnetic levitation transrapid systems on the yamanashi maglev test line[J].Hitachi Review.1997,46(2):89-94
[25]Blomerius Joachin.Transrapid高速磁悬浮列车的安全性(Safety of high speed maglev trains of thetransrapid type).铁路工程师中文版,2001,7(21):14-18
[26]毛俊杰.高速铁路列车速度自动控制系统[M].北京:中国铁道出版社.1994
[27]刘华清,等编译.德国磁悬浮列车Transrapid[M].成都:电子科技大学出版社.1999:59-95
[28]范钦海.高速常导磁悬浮车辆对轨道平顺性要求的探讨[J].中国铁道科学,2002,2:73-76
[29]中国铁路代表团.德、法高速铁路考察报告[R].北京:中华人民共和国铁道部,1998
[30]PKSinha.lectronmagfletic SuspensionDynamics & Control[R].London.Perter Peregrinus Ltd,1987
[31]张湘等.磁浮列车机械制动控制系统的研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2002,8(4):13-16
[32]胡基士.EMS型磁浮列车悬浮力分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2001,36(1):44-47
[33]Masafum i YOSHIMURA等.山梨试验线车辆空气动力制动[J].国外铁道车辆,2001,5(1):32-35
[34]方华.上海磁浮交通牵引系统综述[J].机车车辆工艺,2005,4(2):1-4
[35]M.Engl.Propulsion system function description for plant[R].2003.5
[36]S.Wollny.Rotor positioning antennas[R].2003.5
[37]S.Breu.Redundancies CRI.2003.10
[38]Brad Swartzwelte著 张耀平译.比飞机还快:美国长期运输问题解决方案[J].综合运输,2005.7
[39]张耀平.真空管道运输[J].真空,2006,43(2):57-59
[40]张耀平等.ETT—引领21世纪的高速运输[J].世界科技研究与发展,2002年4月
[41]周宝洪.干式螺杆真空泵的螺杆设计与计算[J].真空.2001年6月第三期
[42]刘春姐等.干式螺杆真空泵振动监测与故障诊断技术的研究[J].真空科学与技术.2005年第6期
[43]孙建宏,丁文,鱼振民.扁平型直线异步电机温度场的计算和分析[J].电机与控制应用,2006,33(1).
[44]刘泉等.平板式永磁直线电动机的热分析与冷却系统设计[J].北京理工大学学报,2005,25(3).
[45]孙洁,刘成颖.永磁同步直线电动机冷却系统结构设计[J].现代制造工程,2006(4).
[46]魏永田,孟大伟.电动机内热交换[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1998,1-12.
[2]张耀平.ETT:处在科技前沿的下一代运输方式.http://www.ccmetro.com/,200506
[3]Evacuated Tube Transport Technologies.Space Travel on Earth.http://www.et3.com,200511
[4]http://www.transrapid.com
[5]张耀平等.真空管道安全问题研究[J].交通信息与工程学报,2005,4(2):133-137
[6]朱仙福等.磁悬浮列车的涡流制动问题[J].机车电传动,2001,(4):32-34
[7](美)Patent5950543,Evacuated tube transport,by Daryl Oster,September14,1999
[8]张耀平.引发运输革命的三种磁悬浮车技术[J].综合运输,2004,6;19-23
[9]张耀平.中国铁路跨越式发展的机会窗口[J].西南交通大学学报,2006,2;138-140
[10]张耀平.京沪高速轨道交通:让ETT平息轮轨与磁悬浮之争[J].中国软科学,2003,;152-155
[11]张耀平.真空管道运输——真空产业发展的新机遇[J].真空,2006,3;56-59
[12]沈培钧.综合交通如何走出未来之路[J].综合运输
[13]张耀平.ETT:处在科技前沿的下一代运输方式[J].综合运输,2004,3;15-19
[14]刘智勇.高速磁悬浮列车安全曲线速度算法及紧急制动控制研究.浙江大学硕士学位论文,2004
[15]Yan LG.Development of the Maglev Transportation in China In:Maglev' 2004Proceedings.2004
[16]王洪坡.悬浮列车速度控制与自动驾驶系统研究,湖南:国防科大硕士论文,2002
[17]徐家镇等.磁悬浮列车运行控制系统仿真环境研究[J].微机与应用,2005,12:44-46
[18]易思蓉.上海磁悬浮示范运营线线路技术条件[J].中国铁路,2001,8:42-43
[19]张瑞华等.一种新的高速磁悬浮列车—瑞士真空管道高速磁悬浮列车方案[J].变流技术与牵引,2004,1:44-46
[20]Davey K.An integrated Maglev System[C],15~(th)international Conference On Magnetically Levitated Systems,1998:90-96
[21]Hisana KUROBE.Train control system in yamanashi maglev test line[J].QR of RTRI,1996,37(2):94-98
[22]Motoharu Ono.The operation control system for the yamanashi maglev test Line [J].Hitachi Review.1997,46(2):101-108
[23]Yoshinao YOKOTA.The maglev train protection systems and train position detection[J].Quart Rep Of RTRI.1994,35(3):185-191
[24]Hitoshi Tsuruga.Superconducting magnetic levitation transrapid systems on the yamanashi maglev test line[J].Hitachi Review.1997,46(2):89-94
[25]Blomerius Joachin.Transrapid高速磁悬浮列车的安全性(Safety of high speed maglev trains of thetransrapid type).铁路工程师中文版,2001,7(21):14-18
[26]毛俊杰.高速铁路列车速度自动控制系统[M].北京:中国铁道出版社.1994
[27]刘华清,等编译.德国磁悬浮列车Transrapid[M].成都:电子科技大学出版社.1999:59-95
[28]范钦海.高速常导磁悬浮车辆对轨道平顺性要求的探讨[J].中国铁道科学,2002,2:73-76
[29]中国铁路代表团.德、法高速铁路考察报告[R].北京:中华人民共和国铁道部,1998
[30]PKSinha.lectronmagfletic SuspensionDynamics & Control[R].London.Perter Peregrinus Ltd,1987
[31]张湘等.磁浮列车机械制动控制系统的研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2002,8(4):13-16
[32]胡基士.EMS型磁浮列车悬浮力分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2001,36(1):44-47
[33]Masafum i YOSHIMURA等.山梨试验线车辆空气动力制动[J].国外铁道车辆,2001,5(1):32-35
[34]方华.上海磁浮交通牵引系统综述[J].机车车辆工艺,2005,4(2):1-4
[35]M.Engl.Propulsion system function description for plant[R].2003.5
[36]S.Wollny.Rotor positioning antennas[R].2003.5
[37]S.Breu.Redundancies CRI.2003.10
[38]Brad Swartzwelte著 张耀平译.比飞机还快:美国长期运输问题解决方案[J].综合运输,2005.7
[39]张耀平.真空管道运输[J].真空,2006,43(2):57-59
[40]张耀平等.ETT—引领21世纪的高速运输[J].世界科技研究与发展,2002年4月
[41]周宝洪.干式螺杆真空泵的螺杆设计与计算[J].真空.2001年6月第三期
[42]刘春姐等.干式螺杆真空泵振动监测与故障诊断技术的研究[J].真空科学与技术.2005年第6期
[43]孙建宏,丁文,鱼振民.扁平型直线异步电机温度场的计算和分析[J].电机与控制应用,2006,33(1).
[44]刘泉等.平板式永磁直线电动机的热分析与冷却系统设计[J].北京理工大学学报,2005,25(3).
[45]孙洁,刘成颖.永磁同步直线电动机冷却系统结构设计[J].现代制造工程,2006(4).
[46]魏永田,孟大伟.电动机内热交换[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1998,1-12.