供应链风险管理对供应链脆弱性影响研究
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摘要
随着科技的高速发展、信息化与全球化进程的加剧,企业之间的竞争态势已经从企业与企业之间的竞争转化为供应链与供应链之间的竞争,所以供应链管理成为了近几年理论界与企业界共同关注的课题。然而供应链精益化的发展趋势、经营环境的快速变化和复杂性的增强都使得供应链变得越来越脆弱；而当前许多企业的供应链风险管理水平却是很低的。因此,对如何通过风险管理来降低供应链脆弱性进行研究是很有必要的。
本研究将供应链风险管理策略划分为规避、合作、弹性和分担四个方面,并从供应风险、需求风险、环境风险这三个方面对供应链造成的影响程度来衡量供应链脆弱性的大小,从而建立研究模型。论文在系统总结前人工作的基础上,采用了定量和定性分析相结合的方法,通过对调查问卷所收集到的大量数据进行SPSS统计分析,对供应链风险管理对供应链脆弱性的影响进行了较深入地研究探讨,并得到了以下重要的研究结论：
供应链风险管理的四个指标对供应链脆弱性的影响程度各不相同,其中弹性策略和合作策略的影响比较大。核心企业的性质对于供应链风险管理实施程度有显著的影响,民营企业的风险管理水平显著低于其他类型的企业,而其面临的风险也显著的高于其他类型的企业；核心企业的规模也对供应链风险管理和脆弱性有显著的影响,以销售额在1亿和5亿为两个分界点,前者的风险管理水平很低、脆弱性程度比较高；后者风险管理水平比较高,脆弱性相对较低。
本研究首次对供应链脆弱性进行实证研究,从一个完全不同的视角来考察供应链脆弱性,并对供应链风险管理进行了系统的归类总结,具有一定的参考和借鉴意义。此外,本文对如何通过风险管理来降低脆弱性提供了较好的实证研究,对企业管理也有一定的指导意义。同时,样本量不够大、对供应链风险管理措施的总结不够详尽、对脆弱性分析的视角也有一定的局限性都是本研究有待改进的地方,也为以后的研究提供了一些突破点。
With the rapid development of technology and the increasing trend of the information and globalization, competitive situation among the enterprises has transformed to the competition among the supply chains, so the supply chain management has recently become a common topic of the theorists and the business.However, with the development of lean supply chain, the rapid change of business environment and increased complexity of the supply chain, supply chains are becoming increasingly vulnerable; and the level of many enterprises'supply chain risk management is very low. Therefore, the study on how to reduce the supply chain vulnerability though risk management is necessary.
In this study, supply chain risk management strategy is divided into four areas—avoidance, cooperation, flexibility and sharing. And three aspects—supply risks, demand risks, environmental risks faced by the supply chain are used to measure the extent of the impact of the vulnerability. Based on these, the research model is established. Based on the work of previous researchers, by the use of quantitative and qualitative analysis method, using the SPSS statistical analysis of large amounts of data, this study has a deep research on the impact of the supply chain risk management on of supply chain vulnerability.
The four indicators of supply chain risk management have different degrees of impact on supply chain vulnerability. Among them, the impact of flexibility and cooperation is relatively larger. The style of the core corporation has an significant influence on the implementation degrees of supply chain risk management, the risk management level of private enterprises was significantly lower than other types of enterprises, and the risk level they faces is also significantly higher than other types of enterprises; the scale of core enterprise have a significant impact on supply chain risk management and vulnerability, the sales of 1 million and 500 million are two cut-off point, the former has a lower level of risk management, and a relatively high degree of vulnerability; the latter has a relatively higher level of risk management and relatively lower vulnerability.
This is the first empirical research of supply chain vulnerability, and this study examines the vulnerability of the supply chain on a completely different perspective, and summarizes supply chain risk management to the classification system, with some significance of reference. In addition, this paper provides a good empirical research on corporate governance on how to reduce the vulnerability of supply chain. Meanwhile, the sample size is not big enough; the summary of supply chain risk management is not exhaustive; the view of the vulnerability analysis has some limitations, but these are also for some future research to breakthrough.
本研究将供应链风险管理策略划分为规避、合作、弹性和分担四个方面,并从供应风险、需求风险、环境风险这三个方面对供应链造成的影响程度来衡量供应链脆弱性的大小,从而建立研究模型。论文在系统总结前人工作的基础上,采用了定量和定性分析相结合的方法,通过对调查问卷所收集到的大量数据进行SPSS统计分析,对供应链风险管理对供应链脆弱性的影响进行了较深入地研究探讨,并得到了以下重要的研究结论：
供应链风险管理的四个指标对供应链脆弱性的影响程度各不相同,其中弹性策略和合作策略的影响比较大。核心企业的性质对于供应链风险管理实施程度有显著的影响,民营企业的风险管理水平显著低于其他类型的企业,而其面临的风险也显著的高于其他类型的企业；核心企业的规模也对供应链风险管理和脆弱性有显著的影响,以销售额在1亿和5亿为两个分界点,前者的风险管理水平很低、脆弱性程度比较高；后者风险管理水平比较高,脆弱性相对较低。
本研究首次对供应链脆弱性进行实证研究,从一个完全不同的视角来考察供应链脆弱性,并对供应链风险管理进行了系统的归类总结,具有一定的参考和借鉴意义。此外,本文对如何通过风险管理来降低脆弱性提供了较好的实证研究,对企业管理也有一定的指导意义。同时,样本量不够大、对供应链风险管理措施的总结不够详尽、对脆弱性分析的视角也有一定的局限性都是本研究有待改进的地方,也为以后的研究提供了一些突破点。
With the rapid development of technology and the increasing trend of the information and globalization, competitive situation among the enterprises has transformed to the competition among the supply chains, so the supply chain management has recently become a common topic of the theorists and the business.However, with the development of lean supply chain, the rapid change of business environment and increased complexity of the supply chain, supply chains are becoming increasingly vulnerable; and the level of many enterprises'supply chain risk management is very low. Therefore, the study on how to reduce the supply chain vulnerability though risk management is necessary.
In this study, supply chain risk management strategy is divided into four areas—avoidance, cooperation, flexibility and sharing. And three aspects—supply risks, demand risks, environmental risks faced by the supply chain are used to measure the extent of the impact of the vulnerability. Based on these, the research model is established. Based on the work of previous researchers, by the use of quantitative and qualitative analysis method, using the SPSS statistical analysis of large amounts of data, this study has a deep research on the impact of the supply chain risk management on of supply chain vulnerability.
The four indicators of supply chain risk management have different degrees of impact on supply chain vulnerability. Among them, the impact of flexibility and cooperation is relatively larger. The style of the core corporation has an significant influence on the implementation degrees of supply chain risk management, the risk management level of private enterprises was significantly lower than other types of enterprises, and the risk level they faces is also significantly higher than other types of enterprises; the scale of core enterprise have a significant impact on supply chain risk management and vulnerability, the sales of 1 million and 500 million are two cut-off point, the former has a lower level of risk management, and a relatively high degree of vulnerability; the latter has a relatively higher level of risk management and relatively lower vulnerability.
This is the first empirical research of supply chain vulnerability, and this study examines the vulnerability of the supply chain on a completely different perspective, and summarizes supply chain risk management to the classification system, with some significance of reference. In addition, this paper provides a good empirical research on corporate governance on how to reduce the vulnerability of supply chain. Meanwhile, the sample size is not big enough; the summary of supply chain risk management is not exhaustive; the view of the vulnerability analysis has some limitations, but these are also for some future research to breakthrough.
引文
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