生物吸附法去除废水中重金属混合离子
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摘要
本文以1:2的聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钠为包埋剂固定化啤酒酵母吸附重金属离子,结果如下。固定化啤酒酵母对Zn~(2+)吸附的最佳条件是:0.1mol/L HCl预处理的啤酒酵母,pH值为6.0,吸附时间为40min,质量浓度为4%的CaCl_2溶液,Zn~(2+)初始浓度为50mg/L,吸附率为65.72%。1.0mol/L的HCl作解吸剂时,解吸率为96.50%。
固定化啤酒酵母对Cd~(2+)吸附的最佳条件是:pH值为6.30,Cd~(2+)初始浓度为50mg/L,菌体浓度为6.3g/L,吸附时间为120min,吸附温度为24.5℃时,Cd~(2+)的吸附率是79.44%。
固定化啤酒酵母对重金属混合离子Pb~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)吸附的最佳条件是:pH值为5.0,初始浓度均为100mg/L,菌体浓度为20g/L,吸附时间为2h,吸附温度为36℃时,Pb~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)的吸附率分别为95.80%,90.20%,68.04%,87.04%;最佳解吸条件:解吸剂为0.5mol/L的HCl,解吸温度为36℃,解吸时间为0.5h时,Pb~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)的解吸率分别为82.45%,69.87%,64.99%,75.57%;第二次吸附及再解析,Pb~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)的吸附率分别为93.55%,69.58%,45.67%,46.18%;解吸率分别为56.08%,66.30%,49.64%,63.45%。固定化小球经过两次吸附与解吸后明显变小,继续使用吸附效果明显下降。
In this paper,we used beer yeast embedded in sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol which mix by 1:2 as embedding medium adsorbed heave metal cations in waste water,the results were the following. The optimal conditions of the beer yeast adsorbed Zn~(2+) showed that: beer yeast was pretreated by the 0.1mol/LHCl,pH value was 6.0, adsorption time was 40min, 4% of mass concentration of CaCl_2 solution, the initial concentration of Zn~(2+) was 50mg/L, adsorption rate was 65.72%. when the strippant was 1.0mol/L HCl,desorption rate was 96.50%.
The optimal conditions of the beer yeast adsorbed Cd~(2+) showed that: pH value was 6.3,the initial concentration of Cd~(2+) was 50mg/L,the cell concentration was 6.3g/L, adsorption time was 120min,when adsorption temperature was 24.5℃,adsorption rate was 79.44%.
The optimal conditions of the beer yeast adsorbed mixed heavy metal cations Pb~(2+),Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),Cd~(2+) showed that: pH value was 5.0, the initial concentration of Pb~(2+),Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),Cd~(2+) were 100mg/L, the cell concentration was 20g/L, adsorption time was 2h, when adsorption temperature was 36℃, adsorption rate were respectively 95.80%,90.20%,68.04%,87.04%;The optimal conditions of desorption showed that: when the strippant was 0.5mol/LHCl,desorption temperature was 36℃, desorption time was half an hour, desorption rate for Pb~(2+),Cu~(2+), Zn~(2+),Cd~(2+) were respectively 82.45%,69.87%,64.99%,75.57%;adsorbed and desorbed again,adsorption rate for Pb~(2+),Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),Cd~(2+) were respectively 93.55%,69.58%,45.67%,46.18%;desorption rate were respectively 56.08%,66.30%,49.64%,63.45%. The immobilized ball would getting smaller by twice adsorption and desorption. If it continues,the effects was sharply decreased.
固定化啤酒酵母对Cd~(2+)吸附的最佳条件是:pH值为6.30,Cd~(2+)初始浓度为50mg/L,菌体浓度为6.3g/L,吸附时间为120min,吸附温度为24.5℃时,Cd~(2+)的吸附率是79.44%。
固定化啤酒酵母对重金属混合离子Pb~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)吸附的最佳条件是:pH值为5.0,初始浓度均为100mg/L,菌体浓度为20g/L,吸附时间为2h,吸附温度为36℃时,Pb~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)的吸附率分别为95.80%,90.20%,68.04%,87.04%;最佳解吸条件:解吸剂为0.5mol/L的HCl,解吸温度为36℃,解吸时间为0.5h时,Pb~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)的解吸率分别为82.45%,69.87%,64.99%,75.57%;第二次吸附及再解析,Pb~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)的吸附率分别为93.55%,69.58%,45.67%,46.18%;解吸率分别为56.08%,66.30%,49.64%,63.45%。固定化小球经过两次吸附与解吸后明显变小,继续使用吸附效果明显下降。
In this paper,we used beer yeast embedded in sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol which mix by 1:2 as embedding medium adsorbed heave metal cations in waste water,the results were the following. The optimal conditions of the beer yeast adsorbed Zn~(2+) showed that: beer yeast was pretreated by the 0.1mol/LHCl,pH value was 6.0, adsorption time was 40min, 4% of mass concentration of CaCl_2 solution, the initial concentration of Zn~(2+) was 50mg/L, adsorption rate was 65.72%. when the strippant was 1.0mol/L HCl,desorption rate was 96.50%.
The optimal conditions of the beer yeast adsorbed Cd~(2+) showed that: pH value was 6.3,the initial concentration of Cd~(2+) was 50mg/L,the cell concentration was 6.3g/L, adsorption time was 120min,when adsorption temperature was 24.5℃,adsorption rate was 79.44%.
The optimal conditions of the beer yeast adsorbed mixed heavy metal cations Pb~(2+),Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),Cd~(2+) showed that: pH value was 5.0, the initial concentration of Pb~(2+),Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),Cd~(2+) were 100mg/L, the cell concentration was 20g/L, adsorption time was 2h, when adsorption temperature was 36℃, adsorption rate were respectively 95.80%,90.20%,68.04%,87.04%;The optimal conditions of desorption showed that: when the strippant was 0.5mol/LHCl,desorption temperature was 36℃, desorption time was half an hour, desorption rate for Pb~(2+),Cu~(2+), Zn~(2+),Cd~(2+) were respectively 82.45%,69.87%,64.99%,75.57%;adsorbed and desorbed again,adsorption rate for Pb~(2+),Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),Cd~(2+) were respectively 93.55%,69.58%,45.67%,46.18%;desorption rate were respectively 56.08%,66.30%,49.64%,63.45%. The immobilized ball would getting smaller by twice adsorption and desorption. If it continues,the effects was sharply decreased.
引文
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[3]朱斌.重金属的生物吸附[J].广西轻工业,2006,22(5):70-71
[4]Volesky B.Detoxification of metal-bearing effluents:biosorption for the next century[J].Hydrometallurgy,2000,59(2-3):203-216
[5]Tsezos M.Biosorption of metals:The experience accumulated and the outlook for technology development[J].Hydrometallurgy,2001,(59):241-243
[6]刘刚,李清彪.重金属生物吸附的基础和过程研究[J].水处理技术,2002,28(1):17-21
[7]何宝燕,尹华,彭辉等.酵母菌吸附重金属铬的生理代谢机理及细胞形貌分析[J].环境科学,2007.28(1):195-198
[8]Tewari Neetu,Vasudevan P.Guha B K Study on biosorption of Cr(Ⅵ) by Mucor hiealis[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2005,23(2):185-192
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[10]Beolchini F,Pagnanelli F,ToroL,et al.Biosorption of copper by Sphaerotilus natans immobilized in polysulfone matrix:equilibrium and kinetic analysis.Hydrometallurgy,2003,70:101-112
[11]Lodi A C.Calcium,Zinc,Copper,Sliver and Chromium removal from waste water by Sphaerotilus natas.Bioprocess Engineering,1998,19(3):197-203
[12]Pagnanelli F,Esposito A,Toro L,et al.Metal speciation and pH effect on Pb,Cu,Zn and Cd biosorption onto Sphaerotilus natans:Langmuir-tape empirical model.Wat.Res.,2003,37(3):627-633
[13]王保军,杨惠芳.微生物与重金属的相互作用.重庆环境科学,1996,18(1):35-39
[14]Soares E V,Duarte A,Boaventura R A,et al.Viability and release of complexing compounds during accumulation of heavy metals by a brewer's yeast.App lied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2002,58(6):836-841
[15]陈灿,王建龙.酿酒酵母吸附重金属离子的研究进展[J].中国生物工程杂志,2006,26(1):69-76
[16]Brady D,Stoll A D,Starke L,et al.chemical and enzymatic extraction of heavymetal binding polymers from isolated cell2 walls of Saccharom yces cerevisiae.Biotechnology and Bioengineering,1994,44(3):297-302
[17]Simmons P,Singleton I.A method to increase silver biosorp tion by an industrial strain of Saccharom yces cerevisiae.App lied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1996.45(122):278-285
[18]严素定.废水重金属的生物吸附研究进展[J].上海化工,2007,32(6):1-5
[19]Teszos M,Volesky B.Copper biosorption by chemically treated Micrococcus luteus cells[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineer,1982,24(2):8-15
[20]Kuyucak N.Volesky B.Cadmium biosorption by a cadmium resistant strain of Bacillus thuringiensis regulation and optimization[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineer.1989,33(4):8-23
[21]Hosea M,Greene B.The kinetics and mechanism of lead(Ⅱ)biosorption by powderized Rhizopus oligosporus[J]. Inorganica Chimica,Acta,1986,1:12-16
[22]Volesky B,Holan ZR.Biosorp tion of heavymetals.Biotechnol Progress,1995,11:235-250
[23]Marques P,Rosa M F,Pinheiro H M.pH effects on the removal of Cu~(2+),Cd~(2+) and Pb~(2+) from aqueous solution by waste brewery biomass.Biop rocess Engineering,2000,23(2):135-141
[24]Ramsay L M,Gadd GM.Mutants of Saccharom yces cerevisiae defective in vacuolar function confirm a role for the vacuole in toxic metal ion detoxification.Fems Microbiology Letters,1997,152(2):293-298
[25]Mark Spiniti,et al.Evaluation of immobilized biomass beads for removing heavy metals from waste water[J].Water Environment Research.1995,67(6):943-952
[26]王建龙.生物固定化技术与水污染控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.233-248
[27]Esposito A,Pagnanelli F,Veglio F.pH-related equilibria models for biosorption in single metal Chemical systems[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2002,57(3):307-313
[28]Stanley E.Mnahan Environmental Chemi8try[M].121 South main street.Chelsea,Michigan 48118,1994,380-383
[29]孟令芝,杜传青,龙凯等.纤维素-铝硅复合物的制备及对重金属离子的吸附[J].环境科学与技术,2000,89(2):24-26.
[30]Yah Guangyu,Viraraghavan T.Heavy-metal removal from aqueous solution by fungus Mucorrouxii[J].Water Research,2003,37(18):4486-4496
[31]陈灿,王建龙.酿酒酵母吸附Zn(Ⅱ)过程中阳离子(K~+,Mg~(2+),Na~+,Ca~(2+))的变化分析[J].环境科学,2006,27(11):2261-2267
[32]Celaya RJ,Noriega J A,Yeomans JH,et al.Biosorption of Zn(Ⅱ) byThiobaci 11 us ferroox i-dans[J].Bioprocess Engineering,2000,22:539-542
[33]Huang Chinpin,Huang Chinpao,Morehart A L.TheRemoral of Cu(Ⅱ) from Dilute Aqueous Solution by Saccharomyces Cerevisiae[J].Water Research,1988:433-439
[34]Wang Xue-song,Qin Yong.Equilibrium sorption isotherms for of Cu~(2+) on rice bran[J].Process Biochemistry,2005,40(2):677-680
[35]张森,李亚青.黄土对重金属的吸附等温模型[J].西北水资源与水工程,1998,9(1):28-31
[36]张增强,张一平.几个吸附等温模型热力学参数的计算方法[J].西北农业大学学报,1998,26(2):94-98
[37]唐受印.废水处理工程[M].北京:化学工业出版社.2004:1
[38]韩润平.石杰,李建军等.生物材料对重金属离子的吸附富集作用[J].化学通报,2000,(7):25-28
[39]Holmes J D,Richardson D J,Saed S,Evansgowing R.J.[J].Microbiology,1997,143(81):2521
[40]徐杰明,张平,李文远.固定化细胞技术在重金属废水处理中的应用研究进展[J].环境科学与管理.2005,30(6):82-85
[41]王建龙.生物固定化技术与水污染控制[M].北京:科学技术出版社,2002.11-28
[42]武淑文等.固定化细胞技术在环境工程中的应用[J].环境科学动态,2003,(4):32-34
[43]张鸿.用固定化微生物的反应器处理含重金属离子的废水[D].东南大学.2003
[44]齐水冰等.固定化微生物技术处理废水[J].上海环境科学,2002,21(3):185-188
[45]陈勇生,孙启俊.重金属的生物吸附技术研究[J].环境科学进展,1997.5(6):34-43
[46]IqbalM.and Edyvean R.G.J.Biosorp tion of lead,copperand zinc ions on loofa sponge immobilized biomass of Phan2erochaete chrysosporium.Miner Eng,2004,17:217-223
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