基于ARM的嵌入式高速智能球机的设计与开发
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摘要
智能高速球形摄像机是视频监控系统中一种重要的前端设备,它集模拟视频采集、云台控制、镜头控制和远端通讯等功能于一体。最大限度地减少了系统部件之间的连接和安装过程,提高了监控系统的可靠性、稳定性。本论文的主要工作是以LPC2132 ARM微控制器为核心,完成高速智能球机软硬件的设计与实现,开发出一款性价比具有竞争力的智能高速球机,以满足市场需求。其具体内容包括:
根据对市场上现有的高速球的性能、价格等方面的调研,确立本款球机需要具备的功能和要达到的技术指标。并据此确定球机在硬件方面和软件方面的总体设计方案。硬件方面,主要是结合球机外形结构确立硬件各电路板的尺寸大小、选择核心处理器及各功能模块的应用芯片,最后完成电路设计、样板的制作和调试。
软件方面,完成了各芯片的底层驱动程序的设计,以及完成包括电机控制模块、字符叠加模块、机芯控制模块、数据存储模块等控制模块的应用程序开发和测试。
本次成功开发的NCC-628A型智能高速球型摄像机通过严格的测试,运行可靠稳定、预置位准确无误。目前已经量产并投入市场,在安防工程应用中也获得了良好的预期效果。最后针对此次项目开发中的关键技术进行了分析,并提出了改进的方法。
Intelligent high-speed ball machine is one kind of the important Front-End equipments in the video surveillance system, which is a combination of analog video capture, PTZ control, lens control and remote communications. It helps users to reduce complex connection of the system components to the maximum extent and simplify the process of installation. So it can improve the reliability and stability of the monitoring system. With the core of the LPC-2132 ARM Microcomputer, the major tasks of the thesis designs and accomplishes the hardware and software system of the intelligent high-speed ball, successfully develop one kind intelligent high-speed ball machine, which enjoys the best price versus performance ratio and meets the market demand. The specific works including:
According to the survey of the performance and price about intelligent high-speed ball in the current market, determine what function the ball should have and technology indicators it must reach. Then plan the overall design program about the hardware and software.
The major task of hardware design includes determining the size of all circuit boards according to the shape and structure of the ball, choosing the core processor of the system and dedicated chips for the different function modules, and finishing circuit design, boards proofing and debugging.
The major task of software design includes writing all drivers for the dedicated chips, and programming and debugging for all function control modules which include motor control module, character superimposition module, lens control module, data storing module and so on.
The successfully developed intelligent high-speed ball machine which is named NCC-628A passed through rigorous testing, run highly reliable and stable and the preset positions are accurate. At present, this product has been sold well in market and achieved the desired result in the engineering applications. Finally, the thesis analyzes the key technologies in this project development, and presents improved methods for further research.
根据对市场上现有的高速球的性能、价格等方面的调研,确立本款球机需要具备的功能和要达到的技术指标。并据此确定球机在硬件方面和软件方面的总体设计方案。硬件方面,主要是结合球机外形结构确立硬件各电路板的尺寸大小、选择核心处理器及各功能模块的应用芯片,最后完成电路设计、样板的制作和调试。
软件方面,完成了各芯片的底层驱动程序的设计,以及完成包括电机控制模块、字符叠加模块、机芯控制模块、数据存储模块等控制模块的应用程序开发和测试。
本次成功开发的NCC-628A型智能高速球型摄像机通过严格的测试,运行可靠稳定、预置位准确无误。目前已经量产并投入市场,在安防工程应用中也获得了良好的预期效果。最后针对此次项目开发中的关键技术进行了分析,并提出了改进的方法。
Intelligent high-speed ball machine is one kind of the important Front-End equipments in the video surveillance system, which is a combination of analog video capture, PTZ control, lens control and remote communications. It helps users to reduce complex connection of the system components to the maximum extent and simplify the process of installation. So it can improve the reliability and stability of the monitoring system. With the core of the LPC-2132 ARM Microcomputer, the major tasks of the thesis designs and accomplishes the hardware and software system of the intelligent high-speed ball, successfully develop one kind intelligent high-speed ball machine, which enjoys the best price versus performance ratio and meets the market demand. The specific works including:
According to the survey of the performance and price about intelligent high-speed ball in the current market, determine what function the ball should have and technology indicators it must reach. Then plan the overall design program about the hardware and software.
The major task of hardware design includes determining the size of all circuit boards according to the shape and structure of the ball, choosing the core processor of the system and dedicated chips for the different function modules, and finishing circuit design, boards proofing and debugging.
The major task of software design includes writing all drivers for the dedicated chips, and programming and debugging for all function control modules which include motor control module, character superimposition module, lens control module, data storing module and so on.
The successfully developed intelligent high-speed ball machine which is named NCC-628A passed through rigorous testing, run highly reliable and stable and the preset positions are accurate. At present, this product has been sold well in market and achieved the desired result in the engineering applications. Finally, the thesis analyzes the key technologies in this project development, and presents improved methods for further research.
引文
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[5]阎海生.浅谈中国快速球型摄像机行业之现状[J].慧聪网行业研究2008.5.7
[6]崔伟. Protel99SE电路原理图与电路板设计教程[M].海洋出版社2001
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[10] SP706Se Datasheets[M]. Sipex Corporation, 2000
[11] SST25VF016B Datasheets[M]. Silicon Storage Technology.Inc ,2006
[12] TLC7255 Datasheets[M]. Texas Instruments semiconductor ,2001
[13] L6219 Datasheets[M]. STMicroelectronics,2001
[14] UPD6453 Datasheets[M]. NEC Electron Device, 1998
[15] LM1881 Datasheets[M]. National Semiconductor Corporation,1995
[16] CD4053 Datasheets[M]. National Semiconductor Corporation,2000
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[18]周立功等编著. ARM微控制器基础与实践[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[19]周立功等编著.步进电机的原理与驱动[J].广州周立功公司, 2005
[20]原立家,祝连庆,董明利.高精度的步进电机控制系统设计[J].北京机械工业学院学报2006.3
[21]楚荣珍,周向宁,张鹏.嵌入式步进电机控制系统的设计与实现[J].微计算机信息2007年第23卷第1-2期
[22]陈兴文,刘燕.基于单片机控制步进电机细分驱动的实现[M].机械设计与制造2005.12
[23] Kong, Lingshan, Xiongjian. Design and realization for double pole stepping motor subdivision drive[J]. Guangdian Gongcheng-Opto Electronic Gngineering.1997Vol:24,Iss; 6,39-43
[24]孔令山,熊坚.双极性步进电机细分驱动器[J].光电工程,1997.24(6)
[25]徐祖华,肖志华,苏泽光.基于ARM的步进电机细分控制[J].南华大学学报(自然科学版)2006.12
[26]何建波,卞爱琴,张金艺.一种视频叠加芯片及其在摄像监视系统中的应用[J].电子与封装,2005(29)
[27]王革思,商玉江.视频字符叠加技术的研究及应用[J].信息技术,2004(28)
[28]郭欣,孙弘波,顾红. UPD6450和UPD6453在视频字符叠加系统中的应用[J].电子技术应用
[29]曹国华,程继红.可编程视频字符选加芯片UPD6453及应用[J].国外电子元器件. 1997 (1):14-17
[30]江一帆,刘家康,陈星宇.一种新型的视频字符叠加器的设计[J].集成电路与应用,2002.1:56-58
[31]马忠梅,籍顺心,张凯.单片机的C语言应用程序设计[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,1999
[32]田立,田清,代方霞. 51单片机C语言程序设计快速入门.人民邮电出版社2002
[33]赵轶彦,何小刚.两相混合步进电机细分驱动研究[J].科技情报开发与经济2007年第17卷第35期
[34]邓燕妮,章烈剽.基于单片机的步进电机细分技术[J].电子元器件应用. 2007.7
[35]薛龙,柳志成,杨震.步进电机步距角细分单片机控制系统设计与研究[J].新技术新工艺,2000.2
[36]霍迎新,陈宇翔.步进电机的微机和单片机控制[J].电机电器技术,2003.3
[37]王建,张玉峰,李磊.步进电机加减速控制技术研究[J].工矿自动化2006年12月
[38]刘艳霞,桑兆辉.基于ARM芯片S3C450的步进电机加减速控制[J].机床与液压2007年7月第35卷第7期
[39]范晓明,张利等.基于转矩星矢量模型的两相混合式步进电机控制系统[J].东北大学学报自然科学版,2002,(1): 101-103
[40] Chen D, Paden B. Nonlinear Adaptive Torque-Ripple Cancellation for Step Motors[J]. Proc of IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, Hawaii, USA, 1990,38(6):3319-3324
[41] Pelco-D、Pelco-P Communication Protocol[J], Peclo Inc.
[42]余建国.基于单片机的步进电机加减速的控制方法[J].农业网络信息,2006.5
[43] RobinsonDJ. Dynamic Analysis of Magnetic Stepping Motors[J]. IEEE Transon Industrial Electronics&Contol In strument,1999,16(2):111-125
[44]刘飞,刘新正.两相混合式步进电机多级细分控制的应用研究[J].微电机2007年第40卷第1期.
[45]周明安,朱光忠,宋晓华等.步进电机驱动技术发展及现状[J].机电工程技术,2005,34 (2):16-17
[46] DuXu,,YongpingJiang. A Method and Implementation of Fully Digitized Continuous Microstep for Step Motor IEMDC’97[J],Milwaukee,Wisconsin,USA,18-21 May,1999:1-40
[2]马昕.视频监控系统的现状和今后的发展趋势[J].安全防范,2005.3
[3]刘为胜.高速球型摄像机技术发展趋势探讨[J].产品新视野,2005:104-106
[4]周斌,胡剑峰,张义.解析球形摄像机的关键部件和技术[J].产品点线面,2004.5
[5]阎海生.浅谈中国快速球型摄像机行业之现状[J].慧聪网行业研究2008.5.7
[6]崔伟. Protel99SE电路原理图与电路板设计教程[M].海洋出版社2001
[7]李玉峰,莫玉龙.嵌入式数字视频监控系统的实现[J].上海大学学报(自然科学版) 2004.10
[8]李佳. ARM系列处理器应用技术完全手册[M].人民邮电出版社, 2001
[9] 74HC245 Datasheets[M]. Philips Semiconductors 2005
[10] SP706Se Datasheets[M]. Sipex Corporation, 2000
[11] SST25VF016B Datasheets[M]. Silicon Storage Technology.Inc ,2006
[12] TLC7255 Datasheets[M]. Texas Instruments semiconductor ,2001
[13] L6219 Datasheets[M]. STMicroelectronics,2001
[14] UPD6453 Datasheets[M]. NEC Electron Device, 1998
[15] LM1881 Datasheets[M]. National Semiconductor Corporation,1995
[16] CD4053 Datasheets[M]. National Semiconductor Corporation,2000
[17]周立功等编著.深入浅出ARM7——LPC2300(上册)[M].广州周立功公司,2008
[18]周立功等编著. ARM微控制器基础与实践[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2002
[19]周立功等编著.步进电机的原理与驱动[J].广州周立功公司, 2005
[20]原立家,祝连庆,董明利.高精度的步进电机控制系统设计[J].北京机械工业学院学报2006.3
[21]楚荣珍,周向宁,张鹏.嵌入式步进电机控制系统的设计与实现[J].微计算机信息2007年第23卷第1-2期
[22]陈兴文,刘燕.基于单片机控制步进电机细分驱动的实现[M].机械设计与制造2005.12
[23] Kong, Lingshan, Xiongjian. Design and realization for double pole stepping motor subdivision drive[J]. Guangdian Gongcheng-Opto Electronic Gngineering.1997Vol:24,Iss; 6,39-43
[24]孔令山,熊坚.双极性步进电机细分驱动器[J].光电工程,1997.24(6)
[25]徐祖华,肖志华,苏泽光.基于ARM的步进电机细分控制[J].南华大学学报(自然科学版)2006.12
[26]何建波,卞爱琴,张金艺.一种视频叠加芯片及其在摄像监视系统中的应用[J].电子与封装,2005(29)
[27]王革思,商玉江.视频字符叠加技术的研究及应用[J].信息技术,2004(28)
[28]郭欣,孙弘波,顾红. UPD6450和UPD6453在视频字符叠加系统中的应用[J].电子技术应用
[29]曹国华,程继红.可编程视频字符选加芯片UPD6453及应用[J].国外电子元器件. 1997 (1):14-17
[30]江一帆,刘家康,陈星宇.一种新型的视频字符叠加器的设计[J].集成电路与应用,2002.1:56-58
[31]马忠梅,籍顺心,张凯.单片机的C语言应用程序设计[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,1999
[32]田立,田清,代方霞. 51单片机C语言程序设计快速入门.人民邮电出版社2002
[33]赵轶彦,何小刚.两相混合步进电机细分驱动研究[J].科技情报开发与经济2007年第17卷第35期
[34]邓燕妮,章烈剽.基于单片机的步进电机细分技术[J].电子元器件应用. 2007.7
[35]薛龙,柳志成,杨震.步进电机步距角细分单片机控制系统设计与研究[J].新技术新工艺,2000.2
[36]霍迎新,陈宇翔.步进电机的微机和单片机控制[J].电机电器技术,2003.3
[37]王建,张玉峰,李磊.步进电机加减速控制技术研究[J].工矿自动化2006年12月
[38]刘艳霞,桑兆辉.基于ARM芯片S3C450的步进电机加减速控制[J].机床与液压2007年7月第35卷第7期
[39]范晓明,张利等.基于转矩星矢量模型的两相混合式步进电机控制系统[J].东北大学学报自然科学版,2002,(1): 101-103
[40] Chen D, Paden B. Nonlinear Adaptive Torque-Ripple Cancellation for Step Motors[J]. Proc of IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, Hawaii, USA, 1990,38(6):3319-3324
[41] Pelco-D、Pelco-P Communication Protocol[J], Peclo Inc.
[42]余建国.基于单片机的步进电机加减速的控制方法[J].农业网络信息,2006.5
[43] RobinsonDJ. Dynamic Analysis of Magnetic Stepping Motors[J]. IEEE Transon Industrial Electronics&Contol In strument,1999,16(2):111-125
[44]刘飞,刘新正.两相混合式步进电机多级细分控制的应用研究[J].微电机2007年第40卷第1期.
[45]周明安,朱光忠,宋晓华等.步进电机驱动技术发展及现状[J].机电工程技术,2005,34 (2):16-17
[46] DuXu,,YongpingJiang. A Method and Implementation of Fully Digitized Continuous Microstep for Step Motor IEMDC’97[J],Milwaukee,Wisconsin,USA,18-21 May,1999:1-40