淀粉/聚乳酸共混体系相容剂的制备及性能研究
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摘要
本论文合成了支化聚乳酸(BPLLA)和淀粉-聚乳酸接枝共聚物,并作为淀粉/聚乳酸共混体系的相容剂,用于改善淀粉/聚乳酸共混物的界面粘结力以及耐水性和力学性能。
以L-乳酸和多元醇为原料,采用直接熔融缩聚法合成了支化聚L-乳酸。用FTIR、~1H NMR、GPC、粘度计等手段对聚合物进行了表征,并证明了支化结构的存在。所合成的BPLLA具有较低的熔融粘度和较高的溶解性,作为相容剂可明显地提高淀粉/聚乳酸共混物的耐水性。
以辛酸亚锡为催化剂,淀粉、L-乳酸和少量促进剂为原料,采用直接缩聚法制得淀粉-聚乳酸接枝共聚物,其结构通过红外光谱和氢核磁共振谱得到了证明。并考察促进剂的种类和用量对接枝共聚反应中接枝率和接枝效率的影响。结果发现,对于同一促进剂当其用量达到0.3 wt%时接枝率达到最高点。借助XRD、SEM等表征手段探讨了淀粉的微波改性对其结构以及对接枝聚合参数的影响,结果表明微波改性降低了淀粉的结晶性,改性淀粉接枝聚乳酸的接枝率和接枝效率比原淀粉有了较大的提高。
将上述支化聚乳酸和淀粉-聚乳酸接枝共聚物作为淀粉/聚乳酸共混物的相容剂,分别制备了淀粉/聚乳酸共混物,考察了不同的相容剂对共混物的界面粘结力、耐水性、力学性能等方面的影响。结果表明,支化聚乳酸可以明显地提高共混物的耐水性,而淀粉-聚乳酸接枝共聚物可有效地改善共混物的界面粘结力、耐水性和力学性能。
In this paper,branched poly(L-lactic acid)(BPLLA) and starch-g-poly(L-lactic acid) (St-g-PLLA) were synthesized by the direct polycondensation.Both were used as compatibilizer in the preparation of the starch/poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA) blends to improve their physical and mechanical properties.
BPLLA was synthesized using L-lactic acid and multiol as starting material by means of the direct melt polycondensation.The obtained BPLLAs were characterized by FTIR、~1H NMR,GPC and viscometry.The branched structure of the polymer was confirmed with ~1H NMR.The BPLLAs show lower melted viscosity and higher solubility than that of linear one with similar molecular weight,and improve the water-resistance ability of starch/PLLA blend when used as a compatibilizer.
St-g-PLLA was synthesized using starch、L-lactic acid and promoter as starting material by means of the direct polycondensation in the presence of Sn(Oct)_2 as a catalyst. The structure of St-g-PLLA was confirmed with FTIR and ~1H NMR.The effects of the nature promoter and amount of promoter on the grafting rate and grafting efficiency of the St-g-PLLA were studied.It was found that the highest grafting rate and grafting efficiency were obtained when the amount of promoter is 0.3wt%.The results of XRD and SEM analysises showed microwave modification on starch change the crystallinity of starch obvisouly and therefore improve grafting parameter of St-g-PLLA.
The starch/poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA) blends obtained above were adopted as compatibilizers in blending starch and PLLA.The influence of different compatibilizers on the thermal and mechanical properties,and morphology of the blends was investigated. As a result,BPLLA improved the water-resistance ability of the starch/PLLA blends, while St-g-PLLA improved the interfacial adhesion、water-resistance and mechanical properties of the blends.
以L-乳酸和多元醇为原料,采用直接熔融缩聚法合成了支化聚L-乳酸。用FTIR、~1H NMR、GPC、粘度计等手段对聚合物进行了表征,并证明了支化结构的存在。所合成的BPLLA具有较低的熔融粘度和较高的溶解性,作为相容剂可明显地提高淀粉/聚乳酸共混物的耐水性。
以辛酸亚锡为催化剂,淀粉、L-乳酸和少量促进剂为原料,采用直接缩聚法制得淀粉-聚乳酸接枝共聚物,其结构通过红外光谱和氢核磁共振谱得到了证明。并考察促进剂的种类和用量对接枝共聚反应中接枝率和接枝效率的影响。结果发现,对于同一促进剂当其用量达到0.3 wt%时接枝率达到最高点。借助XRD、SEM等表征手段探讨了淀粉的微波改性对其结构以及对接枝聚合参数的影响,结果表明微波改性降低了淀粉的结晶性,改性淀粉接枝聚乳酸的接枝率和接枝效率比原淀粉有了较大的提高。
将上述支化聚乳酸和淀粉-聚乳酸接枝共聚物作为淀粉/聚乳酸共混物的相容剂,分别制备了淀粉/聚乳酸共混物,考察了不同的相容剂对共混物的界面粘结力、耐水性、力学性能等方面的影响。结果表明,支化聚乳酸可以明显地提高共混物的耐水性,而淀粉-聚乳酸接枝共聚物可有效地改善共混物的界面粘结力、耐水性和力学性能。
In this paper,branched poly(L-lactic acid)(BPLLA) and starch-g-poly(L-lactic acid) (St-g-PLLA) were synthesized by the direct polycondensation.Both were used as compatibilizer in the preparation of the starch/poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA) blends to improve their physical and mechanical properties.
BPLLA was synthesized using L-lactic acid and multiol as starting material by means of the direct melt polycondensation.The obtained BPLLAs were characterized by FTIR、~1H NMR,GPC and viscometry.The branched structure of the polymer was confirmed with ~1H NMR.The BPLLAs show lower melted viscosity and higher solubility than that of linear one with similar molecular weight,and improve the water-resistance ability of starch/PLLA blend when used as a compatibilizer.
St-g-PLLA was synthesized using starch、L-lactic acid and promoter as starting material by means of the direct polycondensation in the presence of Sn(Oct)_2 as a catalyst. The structure of St-g-PLLA was confirmed with FTIR and ~1H NMR.The effects of the nature promoter and amount of promoter on the grafting rate and grafting efficiency of the St-g-PLLA were studied.It was found that the highest grafting rate and grafting efficiency were obtained when the amount of promoter is 0.3wt%.The results of XRD and SEM analysises showed microwave modification on starch change the crystallinity of starch obvisouly and therefore improve grafting parameter of St-g-PLLA.
The starch/poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA) blends obtained above were adopted as compatibilizers in blending starch and PLLA.The influence of different compatibilizers on the thermal and mechanical properties,and morphology of the blends was investigated. As a result,BPLLA improved the water-resistance ability of the starch/PLLA blends, while St-g-PLLA improved the interfacial adhesion、water-resistance and mechanical properties of the blends.
引文
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