含磺酸基离子交换纤维的合成、表征及吸附性能研究
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摘要
含磺酸基离子交换纤维由于其多样化的应用形式和优异的吸附性能,已被广泛地应用于环境保护、资源回收与再生、元素的分离富集、医药等方面。本研究采用两种方法来合成含磺酸基离子交换纤维。第一种为直接法,具体是采用市售的聚丙烯腈(PAN)为基体纤维,直接与2-氨基乙磺酸反应来合成含磺酸基离子交换纤维,此纤维被命名为RPFS-Ⅰ。该方法为合成含磺酸基离子交换纤维的新方法,未见文献报道。为了与RPFS-Ⅰ纤维的作比较,采用第二种方法即传统的接枝纤维磺化法,具体是以接枝纤维PP-ST-DVB为基体纤维,以浓硫酸为磺化剂合成含磺酸基离子交换纤维,此纤维被命名为RPFS-Ⅱ。本文系统地讨论了各种反应条件对这两种合成方法的影响,得出优化反应条件；研究其合成机理,分析其物理化学结构；同时初步研究了这两种纤维对水溶液中的亚甲基蓝(MB)和重金属铅(Pb(Ⅱ))的吸附性能。
在优化反应条件下合成的RPFS-Ⅰ-H和RPFS-Ⅱ-H纤维的交换容量分别为2.7 mmol/g和3.0mmol/g,拉断力分别为6.09 cN和11.02 cN。在本吸附实验条件下,RPFS-Ⅰ和RPFS-Ⅱ纤维对MB的吸附在20 min之内可达平衡,对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附在10 min之内可达平衡。研究结果表明：磺酸基已成功地引入到两种基体纤维上,合成了含磺酸基的离子交换纤维RPFS-Ⅰ和RPFS-Ⅱ。合成的RPFS-Ⅰ和RPFS-Ⅱ纤维具有较高交换容量的同时,能保持较好的机械强度,可以满足后续加工的需求。与接枝纤维磺化的传统方法相比,该直接法为一种简单可控、反应条件温和、环境友好型的合成含磺酸基离子交换纤维的新方法。RPFS-Ⅰ和RPFS-Ⅱ纤维对水溶液中的亚甲基蓝和重金属铅具有较好的吸附效果,吸附动力学性能好。因此,本研究合成的两种含磺酸基离子交换纤维RPFS-Ⅰ和RPFS-Ⅱ在水处理工业中具有很广阔的应用前景。
Due to its various application forms and excellent adsorption performance, sulfonic groups-containing ion exchange fiber was widely used in environmental protection, resource recovery and recycling, elements separation and enrichment, pharmaceutical industry, etc. In this paper, two methods were used to synthesize sulfonic grougs-containing ion exchange fiber. First, a novel direct method was used to synthesize a sulfonic groups-containing ion exchange fiber, named RPFS-Ⅰ, using polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber as the matrix fiber and taurine (NH2CH2CH2SO3H) as the sulfonating agent. Second, traditional grafting method was used to synthesize a sulfonic groups-containing ion exchange fiber, named RPFS-Ⅱ, using the grafting fiber, polypropylene-styrene-divinylbenzene (PP-ST-DVB), as the matrix fiber and the sulfuric acid as the sulfonating agent. The influence of various reaction factors on properties and performance of RPFS-Ⅰand RPFS-Ⅱwere investigated. The synthesis mechanisms of these two fibers were studied. And the chemical structures and mechanical performances of these two fibers were analyzed. The adsorption properties of the prepared sulfonic groups-containing fibers, RPFS-Ⅰand RPFS-Ⅱwere preliminary investigated by static adsorption experiments towards methylene blue (MB) and Pb (Ⅱ) ions in aqueous solutions.
RPFS-Ⅰ-H and RPFS-Ⅱ-H were synthesized under the optimal synthesis conditions. Their ion exchange capacities were 2.7 mmol/g and 3.0 mmol/g, respectively. And the stretching resistances of RPFS-Ⅰ-H and RPFS-Ⅱ-H were 6.09 cN and 11.02 cN, respectively. Under studied conditions, the adsorption equilibriums of MB by RPFS-Ⅰand RPFS-Ⅱboth achieved within 20 min. And the adsorption equilibrium of Pb (Ⅱ) by RPFS-Ⅰand RPFS-Ⅱboth achieved within 10 min. It could be concluded from the results that:The sulfonic groups were successfully introduced onto both matrix fibers. RPFS-Ⅰand RPFS-Ⅱpresented high exchange capacities and at the same time maintained good mechanical properties. Therefore, RPFS-Ⅰand RPFS-Ⅱcan meet the requirement for further processing. Compared with the traditional grafting method, this new direct method was simple (one step process) and environment friendly (no harmful chemicals were used). Methylene blue (MB) and Pb(Ⅱ) in water were effectively adsorbed by RPFS-Ⅰand RPFS-Ⅱ, indicating that these two sulfonic groups-containing ion exchange fibers would have great potential application in the treatment of waste water.
在优化反应条件下合成的RPFS-Ⅰ-H和RPFS-Ⅱ-H纤维的交换容量分别为2.7 mmol/g和3.0mmol/g,拉断力分别为6.09 cN和11.02 cN。在本吸附实验条件下,RPFS-Ⅰ和RPFS-Ⅱ纤维对MB的吸附在20 min之内可达平衡,对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附在10 min之内可达平衡。研究结果表明：磺酸基已成功地引入到两种基体纤维上,合成了含磺酸基的离子交换纤维RPFS-Ⅰ和RPFS-Ⅱ。合成的RPFS-Ⅰ和RPFS-Ⅱ纤维具有较高交换容量的同时,能保持较好的机械强度,可以满足后续加工的需求。与接枝纤维磺化的传统方法相比,该直接法为一种简单可控、反应条件温和、环境友好型的合成含磺酸基离子交换纤维的新方法。RPFS-Ⅰ和RPFS-Ⅱ纤维对水溶液中的亚甲基蓝和重金属铅具有较好的吸附效果,吸附动力学性能好。因此,本研究合成的两种含磺酸基离子交换纤维RPFS-Ⅰ和RPFS-Ⅱ在水处理工业中具有很广阔的应用前景。
Due to its various application forms and excellent adsorption performance, sulfonic groups-containing ion exchange fiber was widely used in environmental protection, resource recovery and recycling, elements separation and enrichment, pharmaceutical industry, etc. In this paper, two methods were used to synthesize sulfonic grougs-containing ion exchange fiber. First, a novel direct method was used to synthesize a sulfonic groups-containing ion exchange fiber, named RPFS-Ⅰ, using polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber as the matrix fiber and taurine (NH2CH2CH2SO3H) as the sulfonating agent. Second, traditional grafting method was used to synthesize a sulfonic groups-containing ion exchange fiber, named RPFS-Ⅱ, using the grafting fiber, polypropylene-styrene-divinylbenzene (PP-ST-DVB), as the matrix fiber and the sulfuric acid as the sulfonating agent. The influence of various reaction factors on properties and performance of RPFS-Ⅰand RPFS-Ⅱwere investigated. The synthesis mechanisms of these two fibers were studied. And the chemical structures and mechanical performances of these two fibers were analyzed. The adsorption properties of the prepared sulfonic groups-containing fibers, RPFS-Ⅰand RPFS-Ⅱwere preliminary investigated by static adsorption experiments towards methylene blue (MB) and Pb (Ⅱ) ions in aqueous solutions.
RPFS-Ⅰ-H and RPFS-Ⅱ-H were synthesized under the optimal synthesis conditions. Their ion exchange capacities were 2.7 mmol/g and 3.0 mmol/g, respectively. And the stretching resistances of RPFS-Ⅰ-H and RPFS-Ⅱ-H were 6.09 cN and 11.02 cN, respectively. Under studied conditions, the adsorption equilibriums of MB by RPFS-Ⅰand RPFS-Ⅱboth achieved within 20 min. And the adsorption equilibrium of Pb (Ⅱ) by RPFS-Ⅰand RPFS-Ⅱboth achieved within 10 min. It could be concluded from the results that:The sulfonic groups were successfully introduced onto both matrix fibers. RPFS-Ⅰand RPFS-Ⅱpresented high exchange capacities and at the same time maintained good mechanical properties. Therefore, RPFS-Ⅰand RPFS-Ⅱcan meet the requirement for further processing. Compared with the traditional grafting method, this new direct method was simple (one step process) and environment friendly (no harmful chemicals were used). Methylene blue (MB) and Pb(Ⅱ) in water were effectively adsorbed by RPFS-Ⅰand RPFS-Ⅱ, indicating that these two sulfonic groups-containing ion exchange fibers would have great potential application in the treatment of waste water.
引文
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