嵌入式无线IP Camera设计与实现
摘要
近年来,随着嵌入式计算机系统的迅猛发展,其应用已经深入人们日常生产和生活的各个领域。而嵌入式数字视频与流媒体技术也同时得到了快速发展和应用。鉴于视频监控技术已进入以嵌入式技术为依托的网络视频监控系统的新阶段,本设计基于S3C2410A处理器,对嵌入式系统在视频监控领域的应用做一个实践,开发出一款支持无线网络的IP Camera。
本设计以S3C2410A为硬件核心为IP Camera设计了印制电路板,主要包括:4组DC-DC电源供电模块、4个USB主口、1个USB从口、3个RSR232串口、JTAG调试接口、实时时钟供电模块、复位电路、系统总线驱动及扩展电路。同时,还支持以太网接口、PCMCIA/CF接口、IDE接口、SD/MMC接口、触摸屏与LCD、音频、ADC等。丰富的外设资源以及高性能低功耗的处理器平台为IP Camera的实现提供了较好的硬件支持,也为系统整体方案的确定提供了多种可能。为了提高系统可靠性,印制电路板的设计采用了4层板布线,系统运行更加稳定。
本设计根据实际需求,开发了一个比较易用的BootLoader,具备了一系列的必要功能,满足了系统开发的需要。本设计还移植了2.4.18版的Linux内核到硬件平台,运行效果稳定良好,这为IP Camera的上层应用开发提供了一个更加良好的编程接口,同时移植和开发的驱动程序也为应用提供了更加简单抽象的硬件接口。
对于IP Camera的上层应用,为其开发了具体的实例,采用Socket编程技术,基于Linux V4L的视频采集和视频处理等Linux下高级应用实现了IPCamera的网络摄像功能,用户在客户端通过监控界面即可观看摄像头所采集的图像。Linux下基于PCMCIA接口的802.11b无线网络接口也是本设计的难点部分,本文最后还探讨了视频流的采集、MPEG-4压缩以及加解密技术。
最后,本文给出了在实验室特定测试环境下的测试数据和实验结果,在系统设计工作总结中,分析了设计的不足和尚需改进之处并对将来的工作作了展望。
本设计遵循一般的系统开发流程,按照预定的实现目标设计并开发了这样一种无线IP Camera,具有一定的理论和实用价值。
During recent years, as embedded computer system developes rapidly, it has been applied everywhere in people's life and work, in the meanwhile, digital video surveillance and multimedia technology on embedded computer system also has gained rapid development speed and widespread application. Since video surveillance has entered a new time when it bases on embedded computer system and networks, this designe plans to develop an embedded wireless IP Camera basing on S3C2410A, which is to be used in video surveillance.
This design has made a print curcuit board for IP Camera basing on S3C2410A, which includes 4-ch DC-DC power supplier, 4-ch USB host, 1-ch USB device, 3-ch UART, JTAG ICE, system bus drivers, system reset curcuit and so on. Also, the board supplies interfaces for 10/100M ethernet, PCMCIA/CF, IDE, SD/MMC, Audio, ADC, touch screen and LCD. These all make a good hardware support for the IP Camera and give various choice for the implementation. With the purpose of the print circuit board's stabilization, it is designed with four board layers.
A BootLoader for S3C2410A platform has been developped, with a serial of necessary functions, which has well met the demands of IP Camera. The Linux kernel of version 2.4.18 has also been ported to IP Camera, which supplies many APIs for the application. The drivers ported with kernel make it easier to drive the hardwares of IP Camera in user programs.
An application software has also been developped for IP Camera, which makes its video capture function to become real beings. The application mainly bases on the technology of V4L, socket communication and 802.11b wireless LAN protocol. User with a client GUI software can then get a view of the video pictures from IP Camera through networks. The interface of PCMCIA/CF, through which S3C2410 communicates with wirelss LAN card, is a key and hard part of the design. The detail of video capture,MPEG-4 and encryption/decryption are discussed at the end of this thesis.
At last, this thesis gives out the result of test for IP Camera and finds out room for further development, meanwhile, it suggests a plan for it too.
Following standard development process, the embeded wireless IP Camera developped in this design has some theoretical and practical value according to the present goal.
本设计以S3C2410A为硬件核心为IP Camera设计了印制电路板,主要包括:4组DC-DC电源供电模块、4个USB主口、1个USB从口、3个RSR232串口、JTAG调试接口、实时时钟供电模块、复位电路、系统总线驱动及扩展电路。同时,还支持以太网接口、PCMCIA/CF接口、IDE接口、SD/MMC接口、触摸屏与LCD、音频、ADC等。丰富的外设资源以及高性能低功耗的处理器平台为IP Camera的实现提供了较好的硬件支持,也为系统整体方案的确定提供了多种可能。为了提高系统可靠性,印制电路板的设计采用了4层板布线,系统运行更加稳定。
本设计根据实际需求,开发了一个比较易用的BootLoader,具备了一系列的必要功能,满足了系统开发的需要。本设计还移植了2.4.18版的Linux内核到硬件平台,运行效果稳定良好,这为IP Camera的上层应用开发提供了一个更加良好的编程接口,同时移植和开发的驱动程序也为应用提供了更加简单抽象的硬件接口。
对于IP Camera的上层应用,为其开发了具体的实例,采用Socket编程技术,基于Linux V4L的视频采集和视频处理等Linux下高级应用实现了IPCamera的网络摄像功能,用户在客户端通过监控界面即可观看摄像头所采集的图像。Linux下基于PCMCIA接口的802.11b无线网络接口也是本设计的难点部分,本文最后还探讨了视频流的采集、MPEG-4压缩以及加解密技术。
最后,本文给出了在实验室特定测试环境下的测试数据和实验结果,在系统设计工作总结中,分析了设计的不足和尚需改进之处并对将来的工作作了展望。
本设计遵循一般的系统开发流程,按照预定的实现目标设计并开发了这样一种无线IP Camera,具有一定的理论和实用价值。
During recent years, as embedded computer system developes rapidly, it has been applied everywhere in people's life and work, in the meanwhile, digital video surveillance and multimedia technology on embedded computer system also has gained rapid development speed and widespread application. Since video surveillance has entered a new time when it bases on embedded computer system and networks, this designe plans to develop an embedded wireless IP Camera basing on S3C2410A, which is to be used in video surveillance.
This design has made a print curcuit board for IP Camera basing on S3C2410A, which includes 4-ch DC-DC power supplier, 4-ch USB host, 1-ch USB device, 3-ch UART, JTAG ICE, system bus drivers, system reset curcuit and so on. Also, the board supplies interfaces for 10/100M ethernet, PCMCIA/CF, IDE, SD/MMC, Audio, ADC, touch screen and LCD. These all make a good hardware support for the IP Camera and give various choice for the implementation. With the purpose of the print circuit board's stabilization, it is designed with four board layers.
A BootLoader for S3C2410A platform has been developped, with a serial of necessary functions, which has well met the demands of IP Camera. The Linux kernel of version 2.4.18 has also been ported to IP Camera, which supplies many APIs for the application. The drivers ported with kernel make it easier to drive the hardwares of IP Camera in user programs.
An application software has also been developped for IP Camera, which makes its video capture function to become real beings. The application mainly bases on the technology of V4L, socket communication and 802.11b wireless LAN protocol. User with a client GUI software can then get a view of the video pictures from IP Camera through networks. The interface of PCMCIA/CF, through which S3C2410 communicates with wirelss LAN card, is a key and hard part of the design. The detail of video capture,MPEG-4 and encryption/decryption are discussed at the end of this thesis.
At last, this thesis gives out the result of test for IP Camera and finds out room for further development, meanwhile, it suggests a plan for it too.
Following standard development process, the embeded wireless IP Camera developped in this design has some theoretical and practical value according to the present goal.
引文
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[9]田泽.嵌入式系统开发与应用.北京航空航天大学出版社.2005,01
[10]陈连坤.嵌入式系统的设计与开发.清华大学出版社.2005
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[15]毛德操,胡希明.嵌入式系统——采用公开源代码和StrongARM/Xscale 处理器.浙江大学出版社.2003[9]
[16]Karim Yaghmour.构建嵌入式LINUX系统.O'REILLY
[17]李汉强,邱巍.基于Intel PXA26X处理器的Bootloader的设计与实现.武汉理工大学学报.2003,12
[18]刘淼.嵌入式系统接口设计与Linux驱动程序开发.北京航空航天大学出版社.2006
[19]邢江.基于NOR闪存设备的MTD驱动程序.兵工自动化.2006,6:86-88
[20]商周,米守防,苏飞.Linux网络设备驱动程序设计.大连民族学院学报.2003.1:8-10
[21]http://www.studa.net/dianzijixie/070427/10362012.html.回顾中国“监控数字革命”看现状谈发展
[22]http://www.gdsfchina.com/article_deatil.asp?id=1671.视频监控系统的发展趋势.
[23]吴强,周淑华,马正新.基于USB设备的Linux网络驱动程序开发.微计算机信息.2007,23,1-2:6-8
[24]李方军,金炜东.嵌入式Linux网络驱动程序的研究与实现.现代电子技术.2005,16:19-21
[25]丁忠林,畅卫功.基于Linux的网络设备驱动程序设计.微计算机应用.2007,09,Vol128,Nol9:930-932
[26]潘俊强,刘莉.Linux字符设备驱动程序的设计.杭州应用工程技术学院学报.2000,12:9-12
[27]李胜朝,黄先祥,谢建.嵌入式Linux系统中字符设备驱动程序的开发.计算机工程.2007,04:226-228
[28]Scott.Linux内核源代码分析[M].2004
[29]钱能.C++程序设计教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社.1999
[30]杨斌.嵌入式系统的图形化应用设计[M].西南交通大学出版社,2005-10
[31]毕厚杰著.多媒体信息的传输与处理.北京:北京邮电出版社.2000
[32]Jonatban Corbet,Alessandro Rubini,Greg Kroab-Hartman.Linux Device Driver.O'REILLY
[33]W.Melody Moh,Yin Chen.Multicasting flow control for bybrid wired/wireless ATM networks,Performance Evaluation 2000(40)
[34]Schulzrinne H,Rao A,Lanphier R.Real-time Stream Protocol.RFC 2326.1998
[35]Alessandro Rubini.Linux设备驱动程序第二版.中国电力出版社.2002
[36]张丽著.流媒体技术大全.北京:中国青年出版社.2001.11
[37]王军,吕海宝,许国梁.基于UDP协议的视频图像传输的研究与实现.现代计算机.2002
[38]徐京,鲁士文.TCP/IP网络环境下的视频图像传输.计算机工程与应用.1999
[39]刘祁,徐曼,谢俊元.IP组播技术在远程视频监控系统中的应用.计算机应用研究.2002
[40]E.Al-Shaer,YTang.Toward intergrating IP multicasting in Internet network management protocols.Computer Communication.2001
[41]陈莉君著.Linux操作系统内核分析.北京:人民邮电出版社.2000
[42]Scott Maxwell著,冯锐,邢飞,刘隆国等译.Linux内核源代码分析.北京:机械工业出版社.2000
[43]钟玉琢著.流媒体和视频服务器.北京:清华大学出版社.2003.6
[44]赵进,叶梧著.基于RTP/RTCP的流媒体服务器技术研究.中国有线电视.2004
[45]Jan Bormans,Jean Gelissen,Andrew Perkis."MPEG-21:The 21st Century Multimedia Framework",IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.2003,March
[46]Kien A Hua,Ying Cai,Simon Sheu."Patching:A multicast technique fortrue video-on-demand services".ACM Multimedia' 98 Conf.1998
[47]谭仕勇,戴琼海,陈慧蓉著.视频的实时传输.计算机工程.2001,27(11):141-142
[48]王文义,李尊锋,周兵著.局域网环境下视频实时传输系统的软件实现方法研究.计算机土程与应用.2002(11):154-156
[49]Wu Dapeng,Hou Yiwei,Zhang Yaqin.Transporting Real-time Video Over the Internet:Challenges and Approaches.Proceedings of the IEEE.2000,88(12):1855
[50]William Stallings.杨明,胥光辉,齐望东等译.密码编码学与网络安全:原理与实践(第二版).电子工业出版社.200l
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[2]孙纪坤,张小全.嵌入式Linux系统开发技术详解——基于ARM.人民邮电出版社.2006
[3]Samsung Electronics Co.,Ltd.USER'S MANUAL s3c2410-200MHz $266MHz 32-Bit RISC Microprocessor Revision 1.0
[4]马忠梅,马广云.ARM嵌入式处理器结构与应用基础.北京航空航天大学出版社.2002
[5]Cirrus Logic.CL-PD6710 preliminary data sheet.1997.5
[6]李驹光,聂雪媛,江泽明等.ARM应用系统开发详解——基于S3C4510B 的系统设计.北京,清华大学出版社.2004:1-8
[7]周立功,陈明计,陈渝.ARM嵌入式Linux系统构建与驱动开发范例.北京航空航天大学出版社.2006
[8]吴明晖.基于ARM的嵌入式系统系统开发与应用.人民邮电出版社.2004
[9]田泽.嵌入式系统开发与应用.北京航空航天大学出版社.2005,01
[10]陈连坤.嵌入式系统的设计与开发.清华大学出版社.2005
[11]孙琼.嵌入式Linux应用程序开发详解.人民邮电出版社.2006
[12]CF+ and CompactFlash Specification Revision 3.0.Compact Flash Association
[3]王成.基于Linux的嵌入式操作系统的研究现状及发展展望.微型机与应用2004,5:5-6
[14]孙琼.嵌入式Linux应用程序开发详解.人民邮电出版社.2006
[15]毛德操,胡希明.嵌入式系统——采用公开源代码和StrongARM/Xscale 处理器.浙江大学出版社.2003[9]
[16]Karim Yaghmour.构建嵌入式LINUX系统.O'REILLY
[17]李汉强,邱巍.基于Intel PXA26X处理器的Bootloader的设计与实现.武汉理工大学学报.2003,12
[18]刘淼.嵌入式系统接口设计与Linux驱动程序开发.北京航空航天大学出版社.2006
[19]邢江.基于NOR闪存设备的MTD驱动程序.兵工自动化.2006,6:86-88
[20]商周,米守防,苏飞.Linux网络设备驱动程序设计.大连民族学院学报.2003.1:8-10
[21]http://www.studa.net/dianzijixie/070427/10362012.html.回顾中国“监控数字革命”看现状谈发展
[22]http://www.gdsfchina.com/article_deatil.asp?id=1671.视频监控系统的发展趋势.
[23]吴强,周淑华,马正新.基于USB设备的Linux网络驱动程序开发.微计算机信息.2007,23,1-2:6-8
[24]李方军,金炜东.嵌入式Linux网络驱动程序的研究与实现.现代电子技术.2005,16:19-21
[25]丁忠林,畅卫功.基于Linux的网络设备驱动程序设计.微计算机应用.2007,09,Vol128,Nol9:930-932
[26]潘俊强,刘莉.Linux字符设备驱动程序的设计.杭州应用工程技术学院学报.2000,12:9-12
[27]李胜朝,黄先祥,谢建.嵌入式Linux系统中字符设备驱动程序的开发.计算机工程.2007,04:226-228
[28]Scott.Linux内核源代码分析[M].2004
[29]钱能.C++程序设计教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社.1999
[30]杨斌.嵌入式系统的图形化应用设计[M].西南交通大学出版社,2005-10
[31]毕厚杰著.多媒体信息的传输与处理.北京:北京邮电出版社.2000
[32]Jonatban Corbet,Alessandro Rubini,Greg Kroab-Hartman.Linux Device Driver.O'REILLY
[33]W.Melody Moh,Yin Chen.Multicasting flow control for bybrid wired/wireless ATM networks,Performance Evaluation 2000(40)
[34]Schulzrinne H,Rao A,Lanphier R.Real-time Stream Protocol.RFC 2326.1998
[35]Alessandro Rubini.Linux设备驱动程序第二版.中国电力出版社.2002
[36]张丽著.流媒体技术大全.北京:中国青年出版社.2001.11
[37]王军,吕海宝,许国梁.基于UDP协议的视频图像传输的研究与实现.现代计算机.2002
[38]徐京,鲁士文.TCP/IP网络环境下的视频图像传输.计算机工程与应用.1999
[39]刘祁,徐曼,谢俊元.IP组播技术在远程视频监控系统中的应用.计算机应用研究.2002
[40]E.Al-Shaer,YTang.Toward intergrating IP multicasting in Internet network management protocols.Computer Communication.2001
[41]陈莉君著.Linux操作系统内核分析.北京:人民邮电出版社.2000
[42]Scott Maxwell著,冯锐,邢飞,刘隆国等译.Linux内核源代码分析.北京:机械工业出版社.2000
[43]钟玉琢著.流媒体和视频服务器.北京:清华大学出版社.2003.6
[44]赵进,叶梧著.基于RTP/RTCP的流媒体服务器技术研究.中国有线电视.2004
[45]Jan Bormans,Jean Gelissen,Andrew Perkis."MPEG-21:The 21st Century Multimedia Framework",IEEE Signal Processing Magazine.2003,March
[46]Kien A Hua,Ying Cai,Simon Sheu."Patching:A multicast technique fortrue video-on-demand services".ACM Multimedia' 98 Conf.1998
[47]谭仕勇,戴琼海,陈慧蓉著.视频的实时传输.计算机工程.2001,27(11):141-142
[48]王文义,李尊锋,周兵著.局域网环境下视频实时传输系统的软件实现方法研究.计算机土程与应用.2002(11):154-156
[49]Wu Dapeng,Hou Yiwei,Zhang Yaqin.Transporting Real-time Video Over the Internet:Challenges and Approaches.Proceedings of the IEEE.2000,88(12):1855
[50]William Stallings.杨明,胥光辉,齐望东等译.密码编码学与网络安全:原理与实践(第二版).电子工业出版社.200l
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[52]R.Rivest,A.Shamir,and L.Adleman.A method for Obtaining Digital Signatures and Public Key Crypto System.Communications of the ACM.1978,21(2):120-126.
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