MDA架构下面向决策的动态报表研究与实践
摘要
现有的报表系统各自拥有自己的报表模板,这些报表模板之间无法进行数据交换,这就形成了软件工程中的“孤岛模式”,从而使这些报表之间的报表模板无法重用。针对这个问题,本文根据模型驱动架构(Model DrivenArchitecture,MDA)软件开发思想,设计了一种报表软件生产流程平台,使用户可以摆脱具体报表平台的限制,而把精力放在报表模板的平台独立模型(Platform Independent Model,PIM)设计上。通过模型转换,生成针对不同报表平台的平台相关模型(Platform Special Model,PSM),最终依赖特定的平台实现报表软件也就是MDA中所提到的报表CODE的开发。本文首要任务是从理论上阐述这种软件平台的可行性,对涉及到的技术进行理论验证,并且结合实际的开发给出具体的实现过程。本文主要关注基于MDA思想下,如何建立PIM、PSM以及如何制定变换规则,因为这是整个MDA架构的思想实现的关键也是难点。在模型建立方面,利用XML技术定义出自己的报表描述语言RDL,并且把它作为PIM的描述语言。其次,通过分析代数系统间的映射关系,从而给出模型变换规则的理论基础。通过把不同的报表系统看成一个独立的代数系统,采用代数系统的映射技术完成报表模型间的转换。
在PSM模型的建立过程中,本文提出了一种新的PSM建模工具Dreport,Dreport打破了传统报表系统对数据展现功能的偏爱,增强了数据的分析与处理能力,并且成功的加入了在线分析处理功能(On-Line Analytical Processing,OLAP)功能。Dreport采用具有事务性的填充模块,与传统的任务性填充模块相比,具有更强的功能扩展性和模块可重用性。
There are different report models for different report systems today and this makes it impossible to exchange data between those models. This problem leads to "isolated island" problem in software engineering and make it impossible to reuse report model between reports. To solve the problem, a report product platform based on MDA (Model Driven Architecture) was designed and this will make the user get rid of the limitation of special report platform and focus on the design of report PIM (Platform Independent Model). PIM will be transformed to PSM (Platform Special Model) through the "switch rule", and the report code will be completed finally. In this thesis, probability of this platform is proved firstly from the aspect of algebra theory, and realization process is also given. Based on MDA, how to establish the PIM and Switch Rule is of importance, these problems are also the difficulties. The Report Description Language RDL is defined using the XML, and it is also regarded as the description of the PIM; Secondly, the mapping relation of different algebra systems is analyzed, and it is also the basis for Switch Rule. In this thesis, one report system is regarded as one algebra system, and the switch among different report systems is accomplished throng the mapping relation of algebra system.
Most Report Systems focus on the exhibition of the data from the database and ignore the process of the data. Therefore,a new Report System "Dreport" is proposed. Besides of the strong exhibition of data, "Dreport" System constructs a new architecture which adapts to data analysis, and OLAP (On-Line Analytical Processing) structure will be introduced and put into "Dreport" System. The filling module of Dreport is based on transaction, and has the properties of reuse of component and extending of function.
在PSM模型的建立过程中,本文提出了一种新的PSM建模工具Dreport,Dreport打破了传统报表系统对数据展现功能的偏爱,增强了数据的分析与处理能力,并且成功的加入了在线分析处理功能(On-Line Analytical Processing,OLAP)功能。Dreport采用具有事务性的填充模块,与传统的任务性填充模块相比,具有更强的功能扩展性和模块可重用性。
There are different report models for different report systems today and this makes it impossible to exchange data between those models. This problem leads to "isolated island" problem in software engineering and make it impossible to reuse report model between reports. To solve the problem, a report product platform based on MDA (Model Driven Architecture) was designed and this will make the user get rid of the limitation of special report platform and focus on the design of report PIM (Platform Independent Model). PIM will be transformed to PSM (Platform Special Model) through the "switch rule", and the report code will be completed finally. In this thesis, probability of this platform is proved firstly from the aspect of algebra theory, and realization process is also given. Based on MDA, how to establish the PIM and Switch Rule is of importance, these problems are also the difficulties. The Report Description Language RDL is defined using the XML, and it is also regarded as the description of the PIM; Secondly, the mapping relation of different algebra systems is analyzed, and it is also the basis for Switch Rule. In this thesis, one report system is regarded as one algebra system, and the switch among different report systems is accomplished throng the mapping relation of algebra system.
Most Report Systems focus on the exhibition of the data from the database and ignore the process of the data. Therefore,a new Report System "Dreport" is proposed. Besides of the strong exhibition of data, "Dreport" System constructs a new architecture which adapts to data analysis, and OLAP (On-Line Analytical Processing) structure will be introduced and put into "Dreport" System. The filling module of Dreport is based on transaction, and has the properties of reuse of component and extending of function.
引文
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[7]Anneke Kleppe,Jos Warmer,Wim Bast.MDA Explained:The Practice and Promise of The Model Driven Architecture.Addison Wesley/Pearson,2004:95-132P
[8]菅颜彬.基于XML的Web智能报表的研究与应用.北京:高等教育出版社,2002:5-10页
[9]张曦泽,王化文,王中秋.基于组件的报表自动生成系统的研究与实现.计算机工程与设计.2005,10(3):14-23页
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[13]董建武.模型驱动体系结构的剖析及应用.浙江大学硕士学位论文.2002:16-18页
[14]弗兰克.应用MDA.人民邮电出版社,2003:195-221页
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[18]Juan Trujillo.Applying MDA to the development of data warehouses.Nature Genetics,2003(Supplement 33):255-265P
[19]陈传波,李波.基于XML的B/S模式报表技术的研究.计算机应用研究.2003:41-43页
[20]徐玮,唐敏,李昭原,安琪.基于XML/XSL的Web报表工具的设计与实现.计算机工程.2004,30(11):179-182页
[21]王志飞.基于XML的报表程序自动生成系统的设计与实现.河北工业大学.2006:19-29页
[22]彭耶萍,邓婷.论数据仓库中重要的数据模型.西易学院学报,2007,2(7):12-30页
[23]纪兆辉.基于XML的OLAP技术研究.科技情报开发与经济,2007,10(5):15-29页
[24]薛红.基于DW+OLAP+DM的超市销售决策支持系统.计算机工程,2007:27-35页
[25]张文燚,怀进鹏.柔性软件产品线研究与应用.北京航空航天大学学报.2003,8(6):22-24页
[26]张文燚.面向领域的软件生产研究与实践.北京航空航天大学博士学位论文.2003:10-12页
[27]朱平天,邹国.近世代数.科学出版社,2003.26-34页
[28]Raul Silaghi.DA refinements along middleware-specific concern-dimensions.ACM New York,NY,USA,2003:95-110P
[29]林琴等.基于Struts框架的web报表展示的设计与实现.计算机系统应用,2006:72-85页
[30]Ed Roman.Mastering Enterprise JavaBeans and the Java 2 Platform.Enterprise Edition.Wiley Computer Publishing,John Wiley& Sons,Inc.1999:115-158P
[31]IBM White paper.Migrating to a service-oriented architecture.April,2004
[32]Naveen Balani.Design Service-Oriented Architecture Frameworks with J2EE Technology.January,2004:125-145P
[2]孙伟.中国式报表生成研究.福建电脑.2004.11(6):20-23页
[3]王元珍,汪皓.达梦智能报表工具的设计与实现.计算机工程与应用2001:11-16页
[4]申利民,何丽.柔性报表系统的设计与实现.微型电脑应用.2002.18(2):51-52页
[5]万琳,陈传波.智能报表生成系统模型的研究与实现.计算机应用研究.2000:25-26页
[6]孙风平.基于XML的可复用报表生成系统的设计与实现.北京化工大学硕士学位论文.2006:7-9页
[7]Anneke Kleppe,Jos Warmer,Wim Bast.MDA Explained:The Practice and Promise of The Model Driven Architecture.Addison Wesley/Pearson,2004:95-132P
[8]菅颜彬.基于XML的Web智能报表的研究与应用.北京:高等教育出版社,2002:5-10页
[9]张曦泽,王化文,王中秋.基于组件的报表自动生成系统的研究与实现.计算机工程与设计.2005,10(3):14-23页
[10]David S.Frankel.Model Driven Architecture:Applying MDA to Enterprise Computing.John Wiley & Sons,2003:200-233P
[11]巴斯特.解析MDA.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004:25-38页
[12]刘磊,刘弘,王化雨.基于软件重用的报表构件生成系统的研究与实现.小型微型计算机系统,2003:14-22页
[13]董建武.模型驱动体系结构的剖析及应用.浙江大学硕士学位论文.2002:16-18页
[14]弗兰克.应用MDA.人民邮电出版社,2003:195-221页
[15]Miller,Mukerji,J.Model Driven Architecture(MDA).Object Management Group,Document ormsc/2001-07-01,July 2001:115-140P
[16]Object Management Group(OMG).Unified Modeling Language Specification 1.5.http://www.omg.org/cgi-bin/doc?formal/03-03-01Fedorova L,Fedorov A.Intron In Gene Evolution.Genetica,2003(118):123-131P
[17]Object Management Group,Inc.Unified Modeling Language Superstructure Specification,v2.0,August 2003.120-153P
[18]Juan Trujillo.Applying MDA to the development of data warehouses.Nature Genetics,2003(Supplement 33):255-265P
[19]陈传波,李波.基于XML的B/S模式报表技术的研究.计算机应用研究.2003:41-43页
[20]徐玮,唐敏,李昭原,安琪.基于XML/XSL的Web报表工具的设计与实现.计算机工程.2004,30(11):179-182页
[21]王志飞.基于XML的报表程序自动生成系统的设计与实现.河北工业大学.2006:19-29页
[22]彭耶萍,邓婷.论数据仓库中重要的数据模型.西易学院学报,2007,2(7):12-30页
[23]纪兆辉.基于XML的OLAP技术研究.科技情报开发与经济,2007,10(5):15-29页
[24]薛红.基于DW+OLAP+DM的超市销售决策支持系统.计算机工程,2007:27-35页
[25]张文燚,怀进鹏.柔性软件产品线研究与应用.北京航空航天大学学报.2003,8(6):22-24页
[26]张文燚.面向领域的软件生产研究与实践.北京航空航天大学博士学位论文.2003:10-12页
[27]朱平天,邹国.近世代数.科学出版社,2003.26-34页
[28]Raul Silaghi.DA refinements along middleware-specific concern-dimensions.ACM New York,NY,USA,2003:95-110P
[29]林琴等.基于Struts框架的web报表展示的设计与实现.计算机系统应用,2006:72-85页
[30]Ed Roman.Mastering Enterprise JavaBeans and the Java 2 Platform.Enterprise Edition.Wiley Computer Publishing,John Wiley& Sons,Inc.1999:115-158P
[31]IBM White paper.Migrating to a service-oriented architecture.April,2004
[32]Naveen Balani.Design Service-Oriented Architecture Frameworks with J2EE Technology.January,2004:125-145P