藏东松宗—然乌地区MVT铅锌矿床地质地球化学及资源潜力评价
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摘要
松宗-然乌地区位于冈底斯-念青唐古拉板片中南段，近年发现了沙拢弄和多依弄巴大、中型铅锌矿床。成矿地质条件初步显示，该区可能成为藏东地区一个重要的铅锌资源集中区。
本文从典型矿床地质特征入手，首先详细研究了区内地层与成矿的关系，指出泥盆系碳酸盐岩既是矿源层又是赋矿层，其中白云岩控矿作用明显，铅锌矿化具有层控和岩控特征；对区内不同级别的构造在成矿中的作用进行了较为详细的分析，指出巴康-马拉此(F1)和恶鲁弄巴(F2)韧性剪切带控制着区内矿化的类型，区域性的八弄-玉普、玉普-毗弄和修拉则-仲沙断裂控制着成矿带的展布。次一级伴生断裂控制着矿体的空间形态；同时对铅锌矿床的微量元素、REE、S、Pb、D、O同位素地球化学特征进行了研究，指出矿质来源于松宗组碳酸盐岩，成矿时代属燕山晚期-喜山早期，成矿热液为下渗的大气降水演化而成。
首次对成矿物理化学条件进行了研究，指出成矿温度变化范围为130～240℃，成矿流体属SO_4~(2-)-Cl~--F~-／Na~+-Ca~+-Mg~+类型；热液成矿期Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段密度分别为0.857、0.904、1g／cm~3；PH分别为4.80、4.60、4.40；Eh分别为-0.066、0.015、0.092；压力分别为120×10~5Pa、80×10~5Pa、30×10~5Pa；fO_2分别为-34.610、-42.318、-53.313；fS_2分别为-9.188、-12.80、-18.54。成矿作用是在弱酸及中等密度条件下进行的，fS_2和α_(ΣS)远大于fO_2、fco_2和α_(ΣC)。矿质迁移以ZnCl_3~-、PbCl_3~-形式的氯阴离子络合物为主。
在理论研究基础上，作者得出区内铅锌矿床的成因类型当属密西西比河谷型(MVT)，同时建立了矿床成因模式。最后结合GIS技术，以找矿信息加权模型为基础，进行资源潜力评价，预测出3处Ⅰ级和3处Ⅱ级找矿远景区。
Songzhong-Ranwu district located in eastern area of Tibet, which is belongs to the middle-south sub-plate of the Gangdishi-Nianqintanggula tectonic plate geologically. From this area towards east direction is the River Nujiang, and to the west is the River Yaluzhangbu., The research work of this PhD thesis is based on many works from the project both in the field and the analytical results. The project for mineral resource potential assessment in Songzhong-Ranwu district, financially supported by China Geological Survey, has been carried out from the year of 2000 to 2002. The greatest achievement during that time is Salonglong and Duoyilongba MVT Pb-Zn deposits have been found. The geological setting of mineralization has already shown that the study area would be an important and new area of lead and zinc resource.
This PhD thesis studied carefully on geological characters of Salonglong and Duoyilongba Pb-Zn deposit firstly. The following works mainly focused in relations between the regional strata and mineralization. Metallogenetic process is quite differing from the stratigraphies. The carbonates of Songzhong formation ( Middle-Upper Devonian to Lower Carboniferous) not only provides the materials for ore-deposit, but also is the host rock. Especially, the dolomite of the carbonate rocks in the formation is most important. The carbonate formation is the cap-rock of the ore-forming fluid as well. The stratigraphy was one of important factor to control the Pb-Zn deposits in the metallogenetic process. But, the tectonic faults were the most important one to control the mineralization. The tectonic shear zones, such as Bakang-Malachi (F_1) and Elulongba (F_2) control the mineralization type, and the regional tectonic, such as Balong-Yubu, Yubu-Bilong and Xiulazhe-Zhongsha etc are the leading tectonics; and control the shape of ore-bodies. According to the analytical results of the trace element, rare earth element, and S, Pb, H, O isotopic data, the thesis have concluded that the ore-forming substances came from the carbonate rocks and the water in hydrothermal fluid was derived from
本文从典型矿床地质特征入手，首先详细研究了区内地层与成矿的关系，指出泥盆系碳酸盐岩既是矿源层又是赋矿层，其中白云岩控矿作用明显，铅锌矿化具有层控和岩控特征；对区内不同级别的构造在成矿中的作用进行了较为详细的分析，指出巴康-马拉此(F1)和恶鲁弄巴(F2)韧性剪切带控制着区内矿化的类型，区域性的八弄-玉普、玉普-毗弄和修拉则-仲沙断裂控制着成矿带的展布。次一级伴生断裂控制着矿体的空间形态；同时对铅锌矿床的微量元素、REE、S、Pb、D、O同位素地球化学特征进行了研究，指出矿质来源于松宗组碳酸盐岩，成矿时代属燕山晚期-喜山早期，成矿热液为下渗的大气降水演化而成。
首次对成矿物理化学条件进行了研究，指出成矿温度变化范围为130～240℃，成矿流体属SO_4~(2-)-Cl~--F~-／Na~+-Ca~+-Mg~+类型；热液成矿期Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段密度分别为0.857、0.904、1g／cm~3；PH分别为4.80、4.60、4.40；Eh分别为-0.066、0.015、0.092；压力分别为120×10~5Pa、80×10~5Pa、30×10~5Pa；fO_2分别为-34.610、-42.318、-53.313；fS_2分别为-9.188、-12.80、-18.54。成矿作用是在弱酸及中等密度条件下进行的，fS_2和α_(ΣS)远大于fO_2、fco_2和α_(ΣC)。矿质迁移以ZnCl_3~-、PbCl_3~-形式的氯阴离子络合物为主。
在理论研究基础上，作者得出区内铅锌矿床的成因类型当属密西西比河谷型(MVT)，同时建立了矿床成因模式。最后结合GIS技术，以找矿信息加权模型为基础，进行资源潜力评价，预测出3处Ⅰ级和3处Ⅱ级找矿远景区。
Songzhong-Ranwu district located in eastern area of Tibet, which is belongs to the middle-south sub-plate of the Gangdishi-Nianqintanggula tectonic plate geologically. From this area towards east direction is the River Nujiang, and to the west is the River Yaluzhangbu., The research work of this PhD thesis is based on many works from the project both in the field and the analytical results. The project for mineral resource potential assessment in Songzhong-Ranwu district, financially supported by China Geological Survey, has been carried out from the year of 2000 to 2002. The greatest achievement during that time is Salonglong and Duoyilongba MVT Pb-Zn deposits have been found. The geological setting of mineralization has already shown that the study area would be an important and new area of lead and zinc resource.
This PhD thesis studied carefully on geological characters of Salonglong and Duoyilongba Pb-Zn deposit firstly. The following works mainly focused in relations between the regional strata and mineralization. Metallogenetic process is quite differing from the stratigraphies. The carbonates of Songzhong formation ( Middle-Upper Devonian to Lower Carboniferous) not only provides the materials for ore-deposit, but also is the host rock. Especially, the dolomite of the carbonate rocks in the formation is most important. The carbonate formation is the cap-rock of the ore-forming fluid as well. The stratigraphy was one of important factor to control the Pb-Zn deposits in the metallogenetic process. But, the tectonic faults were the most important one to control the mineralization. The tectonic shear zones, such as Bakang-Malachi (F_1) and Elulongba (F_2) control the mineralization type, and the regional tectonic, such as Balong-Yubu, Yubu-Bilong and Xiulazhe-Zhongsha etc are the leading tectonics; and control the shape of ore-bodies. According to the analytical results of the trace element, rare earth element, and S, Pb, H, O isotopic data, the thesis have concluded that the ore-forming substances came from the carbonate rocks and the water in hydrothermal fluid was derived from
引文
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