丁酸钠对生长肥育猪生产性能影响的研究
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摘要
本试验选用体重约40kg健康的三元杂交(杜×大×长)猪120头(阉公母各半)随机分为4组:对照组(基础饲粮)、丁酸钠组(基础饲粮+1kg丁酸钠)、抗生素组(基础饲粮+硫酸粘杆菌素60mg/kg)和复合组(基础饲粮+硫酸粘杆菌素30mg/kg+丁酸钠1kg)。实验72天后,进行屠宰和组织学检查,研究丁酸钠对生长肥育猪生长性能、血液生化指标和腹泻率、胴体品质以及胃肠道结构与重量的影响,探讨丁酸钠对抗生素的部分可替代性。试验结果如下:
(1)丁酸钠组、抗生素组和复合组的日增重比对照组有提高统计学分析,差异不显著(p＞0.05)。
(2)试验各组的腹泻率显著低于对照组(p＜0.05),复合组的腹泻率低于抗生素组和丁酸钠组。
(3)丁酸钠组、抗生素组、复合组的屠宰率和无脂瘦肉率比对照组有改善,眼肌面积试验有增大,第10肋背膘厚丁酸钠组最低,三个试验组中,屠宰率、无脂瘦肉率和眼肌面积复合组是最好的。
(4)丁酸钠组、复合组对胃重比和肠重比的影响不明显,而肠粘膜状况、十二指肠绒毛长度、十二指肠肠腺长度与对照组比较,差异显著(p＜0.05)。
(5)复合组、抗生素组、丁酸钠组的血清血糖、总蛋白、IgM、IgG、IgA含量水平显著(p＜0.05)高于对照组,而尿素氮的含量差异不显著(p＞0.05)。
结论:添加丁酸钠能提高生长肥育猪的生产性能和胴体品质,显著提高血清免疫蛋白的含量,降低生长肥育猪的腹泻率;显著改善肠道粘膜状况和提高十二指肠绒毛高度和肠腺的长度。在这些方面具有一定的替代抗生素的效果,且与抗生素存在互作效应,混合添加效果更好。
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of Sodium Butyrate on growth performance and coat color,blood biochemical index,diarrhea rate,carcass composition,gastrointestinal structure and weight.One hundred and twenty crossed-bred(Duroc×Large×Landrace) pigs,weighing an average of 40kg,were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments with five replicates and six pigs with each pen.The groups received the same basal diet supplemented with 0.1%Sodium Butyrate, 60ppm colistin sulfate,0.1%Sodium Butyrate+30 ppm colistin sulfate respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 72 days.The results showed that:
1) The diarrhea rate of the treatments were better than the control group,the diarrhaea rate of treatment 3 was better than treatment 2;
2) The average daily gain were improved than the control group,1.03%、3.80%、4.30%respectively during 37kg to 70kg,1.43%、3.63%、4.05%respectively during 70kg to 98kg,1.26%、3.65%、4.22%respectively during 37kg to 98kg,;the feed intake of the treaments were increased during 37kg to 70kg,and the feed conversion ratio was decreased during 70kg to 98kg and 37kg to 98kg;
3) Compared to the control group,the dressing percentage,fat-free lean rate and eye muscle area were improved,the 10th rib back fat thickness of the sodium butyrate treatment was the best;
4) The serum glucose,total protein,IgM,IgG,IgA of the treatment groups are higher than the control group,while,there is no difference in urine nitrogen;
5)There were no significant effect on the stomach weight and intestine weight,the intestinal mucosa,villi length and intestinal gland length of duodenal of the treaments were better;
6) The coat color of treatment 3 was better than treatment 2,the diarrhea rate of treatment 3 was the best in the treatments and the average daily gain was better than treatment 1 and treatment 2,the feed conversition ratio of treatment 3 was decreased than treatment 2 and treatment 1during 37kg to 98kg and 70kg to 98kg,the dressing percentage,fat-free lean rate and eye muscle area of treatment 3 was the best,the intestinal mucosa,villi length and intestinal gland length of duodenal of treatment 3 was better than treatment 2 and treatment 1.the IgM,IgG,IgA of treatment3 are higher than treatment2 and treatmentl,while,there is no difference in serum glucose,total protein and urine nitrogen.
Conclusion:Sodium Butyrate can improve the growth performance,carcass composition,average daily gain,feed conversion ratio,dressing percentage,fat-free lean rate and intestinal health,decrease the diarrhea rate.Sodium Butyrate can replace part of the antibiotic in the growing-finishing pigs.
(1)丁酸钠组、抗生素组和复合组的日增重比对照组有提高统计学分析,差异不显著(p＞0.05)。
(2)试验各组的腹泻率显著低于对照组(p＜0.05),复合组的腹泻率低于抗生素组和丁酸钠组。
(3)丁酸钠组、抗生素组、复合组的屠宰率和无脂瘦肉率比对照组有改善,眼肌面积试验有增大,第10肋背膘厚丁酸钠组最低,三个试验组中,屠宰率、无脂瘦肉率和眼肌面积复合组是最好的。
(4)丁酸钠组、复合组对胃重比和肠重比的影响不明显,而肠粘膜状况、十二指肠绒毛长度、十二指肠肠腺长度与对照组比较,差异显著(p＜0.05)。
(5)复合组、抗生素组、丁酸钠组的血清血糖、总蛋白、IgM、IgG、IgA含量水平显著(p＜0.05)高于对照组,而尿素氮的含量差异不显著(p＞0.05)。
结论:添加丁酸钠能提高生长肥育猪的生产性能和胴体品质,显著提高血清免疫蛋白的含量,降低生长肥育猪的腹泻率;显著改善肠道粘膜状况和提高十二指肠绒毛高度和肠腺的长度。在这些方面具有一定的替代抗生素的效果,且与抗生素存在互作效应,混合添加效果更好。
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of Sodium Butyrate on growth performance and coat color,blood biochemical index,diarrhea rate,carcass composition,gastrointestinal structure and weight.One hundred and twenty crossed-bred(Duroc×Large×Landrace) pigs,weighing an average of 40kg,were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments with five replicates and six pigs with each pen.The groups received the same basal diet supplemented with 0.1%Sodium Butyrate, 60ppm colistin sulfate,0.1%Sodium Butyrate+30 ppm colistin sulfate respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 72 days.The results showed that:
1) The diarrhea rate of the treatments were better than the control group,the diarrhaea rate of treatment 3 was better than treatment 2;
2) The average daily gain were improved than the control group,1.03%、3.80%、4.30%respectively during 37kg to 70kg,1.43%、3.63%、4.05%respectively during 70kg to 98kg,1.26%、3.65%、4.22%respectively during 37kg to 98kg,;the feed intake of the treaments were increased during 37kg to 70kg,and the feed conversion ratio was decreased during 70kg to 98kg and 37kg to 98kg;
3) Compared to the control group,the dressing percentage,fat-free lean rate and eye muscle area were improved,the 10th rib back fat thickness of the sodium butyrate treatment was the best;
4) The serum glucose,total protein,IgM,IgG,IgA of the treatment groups are higher than the control group,while,there is no difference in urine nitrogen;
5)There were no significant effect on the stomach weight and intestine weight,the intestinal mucosa,villi length and intestinal gland length of duodenal of the treaments were better;
6) The coat color of treatment 3 was better than treatment 2,the diarrhea rate of treatment 3 was the best in the treatments and the average daily gain was better than treatment 1 and treatment 2,the feed conversition ratio of treatment 3 was decreased than treatment 2 and treatment 1during 37kg to 98kg and 70kg to 98kg,the dressing percentage,fat-free lean rate and eye muscle area of treatment 3 was the best,the intestinal mucosa,villi length and intestinal gland length of duodenal of treatment 3 was better than treatment 2 and treatment 1.the IgM,IgG,IgA of treatment3 are higher than treatment2 and treatmentl,while,there is no difference in serum glucose,total protein and urine nitrogen.
Conclusion:Sodium Butyrate can improve the growth performance,carcass composition,average daily gain,feed conversion ratio,dressing percentage,fat-free lean rate and intestinal health,decrease the diarrhea rate.Sodium Butyrate can replace part of the antibiotic in the growing-finishing pigs.
引文
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2.陈小兵,许毅,陶正国,等.丁酸钠的研究进展[J].新饲料,2007,3:33-34.
3.台卫平,罗和生.丁酸钠对结肠上皮细胞凋亡的影响[J].世界华人消化杂志,2002,10(7):830-831.
4.胡卫,姜燕,沈志祥,等.丁酸钠对醋酸诱导的大鼠结肠炎的治疗作用[J].医学导报,2000,10(19):465-466.
5.高飞,刘继泉.正丁酸的生产技术与应用状况[J].天津化工,2006,11,20(6):42-44.
6.SuHyun Kyong,Chul Sooshin.Optimized production of L-β-hydroxybutyric-acid by a mutant of yarrowia lipolytica[J].Biotechnology letters,22(13),1105-1110.
7.Yael Zimraman,Lea Maron.Butyric acid and pivaloyloxymethyl butyrate,AN-9,anovel butyric acid derivative,induce apoptosis in HL-60cells[J].Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Onocology,(123),(3):152-160.
8.李富伟,唐春祥.新型饲料添加剂--丁酸钠[J].中国猪业,2006,(6):31-32.
9.Roediger W E,Babidge W J.Thiol methyltransferase activity in inflammatory bowel disease Gut 2000,47:206-210.
10.崔路佳,高善玲,裴凤华,等.丁酸钠抗肿瘤作用的新进展[J].世界华人消化杂志,2005,4:1744-1746.
11.Nakagawa T,Zhu H,Morishima N,Li E,Xu J,Yankner BA,Yuan J.Caspase-12mediates endoplasmic-reticulum-specificapoptosis and cytotxicity by amyloid-beta [J].Nature,2000,403:98-103.
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