基于GPRS的自来水管网监测系统设计与实现
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摘要
随着工业技术的飞速发展和城市规模的不断扩大,城镇农村厂矿油田等地的自来水用量正在急剧增长,自来水管网节点分布也越来越广泛。建立一个有效的监测系统,对自来水管网进行实时的数据测量与分析,以达到合理调度水资源分配、发现故障、消除隐患、节约水资源的目的,是非常必要的。将分布采集的自来水管网数据,利用通用分组无线业务GPRS(General Packet Radio Service)进行即时传输,达到对自来水管网进行实时监控的目的。在以下方面做了较为系统的研究工作:首先,系统分析了GPRS协议,指出了以GPRS为传输方式建立面向自来水管网监测的数据业务技术难点,论述了基于GPRS的组网方式,完成了通过采用GPRS网络同Internet相结合的方式,构建自来水管网监测系统的实现技术。其次论述了在GPRS网络上建立PPP连接的实现方法,给出了实现PPP连接的软件实现,实现了在点对点协议(PPP)上进行TCP/IP层的数据传输。采用双向记录动态IP地址方式,解决了无动态域名情况下,终端同监测中心的稳定连接。通过GPRS终端软硬件设计及监测中心设计等工作,完成基于GPRS的自来水管道监测系统的实现。最后阐述了本设计系统的优点与不足,提出下一步改进方向。
实现的自来水管网监测系统,采用GPRS网络与互联网相结合的方式,为用户提供透明的数据传输通道,数据传输实时性强,性价比高。
Along with the fast progressing of industrial technology and the urban area, the usage amount of tap water is increasing rapidly, so as distributing scope of nodes in the pipeline networks of water supply. It’s necessary to establish an effective real-time measure system for measuring and analyzing data of pipeline network of water supply, for the aim of scheduling the water resource properly, finding malfunction, avoiding hidden trouble and saving the tap water. By using the GPRS to transmit data gathered from pipeline network of water supply can get the aim for real-time measuring. Firstly, we analyze series of GPRS protocols, put forward technological difficulties during establishing GPRS data service channels, discuss the means of structuring the network based on GPRS, work out its concrete realizing scheme to structure measuring system of pipeline network of water supply based on GPRS and Internet communication networks. Secondly, we discusse how to realize the PPP link based on GPRS, put forward the scheme realizing the PPP link, realize data tranmitting with embedding TCP/IP message into PPP datagram. , implement the steady connection between GPRS terminals and the measuring center without dynamic domain name by recording IP address bidirectional, expatiates on overall realization process of the measure system of pipeline network of water supply based on GPRS from hardware and software design of GPRS terminals to programming of measuring center server. Finally we expatiate on the advantages and disadvantages of the system and put forward the plans to ameliorate the system.
The realized measure system of pipeline network of water supply provides a transparent transmitting channel with the method of GPRS and Internet communication networks, and has a better property of real-time data transferring and high cost performance
实现的自来水管网监测系统,采用GPRS网络与互联网相结合的方式,为用户提供透明的数据传输通道,数据传输实时性强,性价比高。
Along with the fast progressing of industrial technology and the urban area, the usage amount of tap water is increasing rapidly, so as distributing scope of nodes in the pipeline networks of water supply. It’s necessary to establish an effective real-time measure system for measuring and analyzing data of pipeline network of water supply, for the aim of scheduling the water resource properly, finding malfunction, avoiding hidden trouble and saving the tap water. By using the GPRS to transmit data gathered from pipeline network of water supply can get the aim for real-time measuring. Firstly, we analyze series of GPRS protocols, put forward technological difficulties during establishing GPRS data service channels, discuss the means of structuring the network based on GPRS, work out its concrete realizing scheme to structure measuring system of pipeline network of water supply based on GPRS and Internet communication networks. Secondly, we discusse how to realize the PPP link based on GPRS, put forward the scheme realizing the PPP link, realize data tranmitting with embedding TCP/IP message into PPP datagram. , implement the steady connection between GPRS terminals and the measuring center without dynamic domain name by recording IP address bidirectional, expatiates on overall realization process of the measure system of pipeline network of water supply based on GPRS from hardware and software design of GPRS terminals to programming of measuring center server. Finally we expatiate on the advantages and disadvantages of the system and put forward the plans to ameliorate the system.
The realized measure system of pipeline network of water supply provides a transparent transmitting channel with the method of GPRS and Internet communication networks, and has a better property of real-time data transferring and high cost performance
引文
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[2]曹志凯,江青茵,郑振耀等.基于RS485总线的网络控制通讯软件设计与应用.计算机工程与应用, 2002(13):243~245
[3]杨雪岩,吕红浪. GPRS技术在水量远程传输中的应用研究.仪器仪表学报, 2006,27(6): 707~708
[4]霍春宝,张健,全国庆等.一种基于无线通讯与公用电话网的智能抄表系统.电子应用技术, 2003(5):61~63
[5]刘嘉泉,胡锦,朱善安.基于以太网的远程自动抄表系统.工业控制计算机,2004,17(3):11~12
[6]钟章队蒋文怡李红君等. GPRS通用分组无线业务.第1版.北京:人民邮电出版社, 2001.42~45
[7]龚享铱,辛勤,孙敏琪.基于PCI总线的软件无线电数据传输.微处理机, 2000(4):48~50
[8]张俊,顾亚平,李军科等.基于SMS短消息传输的远端控制技术及实现.仪器仪表学报,2003,24(4):610~611
[9]周国详,周俊,刘成良等.基于GSM的远程通信控制器研制及其应用,计算机工程, 2005,31(19):203~205
[10]孙铁强,闫兴龙.数据采集及基于GSM网络的无线数据传输.电测与仪表, 2004, 41(12): 55~57
[11]鲍卫兵,唐立梅.电力线载波通信方案设计.电测与仪表,2003, 40(6): 32~35
[12]张成文.基于有线电视宽带网的远方抄表系统的研究与应用.电测与仪表,2003, 40(5):15~17
[13]刘艳. 3G无线接入网传输技术及解决方案.电信科学, 2004(11):51~54
[14]文志成.通用分组无线业务——GPRS.第1版.北京:电子工业出版社, 2004. 33~50
[15]李相银,曾连荪,潘扣林.基于GPRS车辆导航系统的关键技术的研究.中国数据通信. 2004(1):86~89
[16]仲茜,马瑞芳,宋亚楠等.全无线视频报警系统设计与实现.计算机应用, 2005, 25(6):1439~1431
[17]黄荣星,许士敏.基于GPRS技术的城市水资源监测系统.现代电子技术,2004(4):43~45
[18] European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI). Digital Cellular Teleco- mmunications System(Phase 2+) - Service Description. GSM 03.60 v6.4.0, 1997
[19] Brasche G, Walke B. Concepts, services, and protocols of the new GSM phrase 2+ General Packet Radio Service. IEEE Communications Magazine, 1997, 35(8): 94~104
[20] European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI). Digital cellular telecommun- ication system (Phase 2+)-General Packet Radio Service-Mobile Station (MS) suppor- ting GPRS. 3GPP TS 07.60 version 7.2.0, 1998
[21] Bettsteter C, Vogel H J, Eberspacher J. GSM Phase 2+, General Packet Radio Service(GPRS)-Architecture, Protocols and Air Interface. IEEE Communications Surveys, 1999, 2(3):43~49
[22] Mishra A. Performance and architecture of SGSN and GGSN of general packet radio service(GPRS). In: Anon, ed. Conference Record / IEEE Global Telecommu- nications Conference. Piscataway (NJ): IEEE, 2001. 3494~3498
[23] Kozono S, Tsuruhara T, Sakamoto M. Base Station Polarization Diversity Rece- ption For Mobile Radio. IEEE Trans. Vehicular Technology, 1984, 4(3): 7~11
[24] Vaughan R C. Polarization Diversity In Mobile Communication. IEEE Trans. Vehicular Technology, 1990, 3(5): 34~35
[25] Rendon J, Casadevall F, Garcia L, et al. Characterization of the GPRS radio interface by means of a statistical model. In: Anon, ed. IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference. Cambrige: IEEE, 2001. 2392~2396
[26] Cal J, Goodman D. General Packet Radio Service in GSM. IEEE Communications Magazine, 1997, 35(10):122~131
[27] European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI). General Packet RadioService (GPRS)-Service description, Stage 2. GSM 03.60 version 6.4.0, 1997
[28] European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI). Digital cellular telecom- munications system (Phase 2+)-Logical Link Control(LLC). GSM 04.64 version 6.4.0, 1997
[29] European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI). Digital cellular telecommu- nications system (Phase 2+) Use of Data TerminalEquipment-Data Circuit terminating requipment(DTE-DCE) interface for Short Message Service (SMS) and Cell Broadcast Service (CBS), 1998
[30] Wavecom. AT Command Interface Guide. 2002. 276~278
[31]广州周立功单片机股份有限公司. PHILIPS单片16/32位微处理器——LPC2210. 2004. 1~5
[32] Siemens Mobile. MC35 Terminal Siemens Cellular Engine Hardware Interface Description, 2002.10~12
[33]周云辉,范立志.基于GPRS的无线监控管理系统中远程终端拨号接入技术的实现.湖南理工学院学报(自然科学版), 2004, 17(3): 66~69
[34] Simpson W. The Point-to-Point Protocol. RFC1661,1994. 33~35
[35] Mertzanis B, Sfikas G, Tafazoli R, et al. Protocol Architecture for Satellite ATM Broadband Networks. IEEE Communication Magazine, 1999, 37(3): 46~54
[36] Simpson W. PPP LCP Extensions. RFC1570, 1994. 7~11
[37] Mcgregor G. The PPP Internet Protocol Control Protocol. RFC 1332, 1992. 20~24
[38] Hassan P. Medium Access Control Protocols, Performance in Satellite Commu- nication. IEEE Communication Magazine, 1999, 37(3): 62~71
[39] PPP Authentication Protocols. RFC1334 , 1992. 12~14
[40] Stevens R W. TCP/IP详解,卷1:协议.任守奎等译.北京:机械工业出版社,2000. 325~330
[41] Computing the Internet Checksum. RFC1071, 1994. 5~8