岱海内源氮磷的释放特性及富营养化研究
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摘要
本文以我国北方半干旱地区典型内陆封闭微咸水湖泊岱海为研究对象,运用多种营养状态评价模型评价了岱海水体的营养状况,探讨了多种环境因子对湖泊内源释放的影响以及水生植物对湖泊水质的净化作用,为岱海湖泊富营养化的防治提供了科学依据。本研究主要取得了如下主要成果和进展。
1首次开展了内蒙古高原水生植物对湖泊富营养化水平影响的模拟实验研究。研究发现,沉水植物(狐尾藻)对N、P等营养盐的同化作用能有效抑制由底泥释放引起的上覆水中N、P营养水平的提高,起到净化水质和阻止湖泊富营养化进程加剧的作用。
2开展了湖泊底泥N、P释放模拟实验,确定了多种环境因素对N、P释放的影响机制,为湖泊内源负荷的控制研究提供了基础数据和科学依据。
3运用三种水质营养状态评价模型对岱海水体进行营养状态评价,综合判识得出岱海已达富营养化水平。
4综合所有模拟实验结果,提出控制岱海湖泊富营养化水平的有效措施。研究表明,植物修复对湖泊富营养化水平的控制作用优于底泥遮蔽处理和换水工程等。
The Daihai Lake(40°29′27″-40°37′6″N,112°33′31″-112°46′40″E) is a typical inland lake in a semiarid region in Inner Mongolia,China.This research is mainly focus on trophic status of the Daihai Lake,the impact of environmental conditions and hydrophyte on endogenesis release.It may provide valuable database for making effective environmental protection strategies of eutrophication in the Daihai Lake.The results are described as follows.
1 The aquatic plants,take Myriophyllum spicatum L.for example,could control nutrition(ammoniacal nitrogen and phosphorus) release from the surface sediments, purify the water body and prevent the lake eutrophication.
2 The results of the experiment of nutrition(ammoniacal nitrogen and phosphorus) release from the surface sediments in different environmental conditions provide the data base for lake endogenesis load.
3 We take advantage of TSI_M model,TIL model and attribute recognition model based on Shannon coefficient of entropy to evaluate eutrophication of the Daihai Lake,suggesting the whole lake had been in eutrophication.Compared with the three models,the attribute recognition model based on Shannon coefficient of entropy model is the optimal model to evaluate eutrophication.
4 The results from simulation experiment indicate that physical measure alone can not control the release of nutrition from the sediment,whereas aquatic plants can absorb nutrition and control the nutrition release from the sediment and reduce nutrition concentration in overlying water.
1首次开展了内蒙古高原水生植物对湖泊富营养化水平影响的模拟实验研究。研究发现,沉水植物(狐尾藻)对N、P等营养盐的同化作用能有效抑制由底泥释放引起的上覆水中N、P营养水平的提高,起到净化水质和阻止湖泊富营养化进程加剧的作用。
2开展了湖泊底泥N、P释放模拟实验,确定了多种环境因素对N、P释放的影响机制,为湖泊内源负荷的控制研究提供了基础数据和科学依据。
3运用三种水质营养状态评价模型对岱海水体进行营养状态评价,综合判识得出岱海已达富营养化水平。
4综合所有模拟实验结果,提出控制岱海湖泊富营养化水平的有效措施。研究表明,植物修复对湖泊富营养化水平的控制作用优于底泥遮蔽处理和换水工程等。
The Daihai Lake(40°29′27″-40°37′6″N,112°33′31″-112°46′40″E) is a typical inland lake in a semiarid region in Inner Mongolia,China.This research is mainly focus on trophic status of the Daihai Lake,the impact of environmental conditions and hydrophyte on endogenesis release.It may provide valuable database for making effective environmental protection strategies of eutrophication in the Daihai Lake.The results are described as follows.
1 The aquatic plants,take Myriophyllum spicatum L.for example,could control nutrition(ammoniacal nitrogen and phosphorus) release from the surface sediments, purify the water body and prevent the lake eutrophication.
2 The results of the experiment of nutrition(ammoniacal nitrogen and phosphorus) release from the surface sediments in different environmental conditions provide the data base for lake endogenesis load.
3 We take advantage of TSI_M model,TIL model and attribute recognition model based on Shannon coefficient of entropy to evaluate eutrophication of the Daihai Lake,suggesting the whole lake had been in eutrophication.Compared with the three models,the attribute recognition model based on Shannon coefficient of entropy model is the optimal model to evaluate eutrophication.
4 The results from simulation experiment indicate that physical measure alone can not control the release of nutrition from the sediment,whereas aquatic plants can absorb nutrition and control the nutrition release from the sediment and reduce nutrition concentration in overlying water.
引文
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