Ni_（0.5）Zn_（0.5）Fe_2O_4铁氧体基纳米复合材料的制备及其吸波性能研究
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摘要
微波吸波材料是军事、信息和环保科学领域的重要研究课题,铁氧体吸波材料是研究得较多的吸波材料之一。目前,吸波材料的研究正朝着强吸收、宽频段、厚度薄、质量轻、抗腐蚀及成本低的方向发展,一种材料很难满足上述所有的要求,将不同材料进行复合被认为是提高吸波材料综合性能的最有效途径。通过在铁氧体中加入其它吸波介质组成复合吸收剂,可使材料的电磁参数得到较好匹配。在实际使用中己经发现通过将铁氧体和其他多种材料复合能够提高材料的吸波性能。
尖晶石型铁氧体在吸波层厚度、有效吸收频宽等方面具有优势,其性能参数主要受粉体成分、颗粒形貌、尺寸和结晶状态的影响。本论文首先采用不同的方法制备了具有球形和针状结构的尖晶石型Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4铁氧体,考察了制备条件对Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4铁氧体材料形貌和性能的影响。在此基础上,采用化学镀的手段成功制备出了Co-Ni合金/ Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4纳米复合材料;采用界面法合成一维聚苯胺/ Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4复合材料;采用均匀沉淀法制备了具有“核壳型”型结构的棒状ZnO/Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4铁氧体复合吸波材料。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅立叶红外光谱分析仪、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM),振动样品磁强计(VSM),网络矢量分析仪等测试手段对制备产物的物相、形貌和粒度、磁性能以及吸波性能进行了表征,优化制备工艺条件。
研究结果表明,控制材料的颗粒形貌,将不同的吸收剂按照性能互补的方式进行复合能有效的提高材料的综合吸波性能。本研究制备的复合材料的最大损耗值,吸收带宽较单一的吸收剂均有明显的增强,表现出了更优异的吸波性能。
上述工作对丰富复合吸波剂的实验、应用和机理研究提供了有价值的实验数据和结论。
The study of microwave absorbing material applying to military stealth information and environment protection is an important research project. Ferrites absorbing material is one of the studied materials. The recent development in absorber technology is to produce absorbers which are strong, wide, thin, light, corrosion resistant and lowcost. However, there is no such kind of absorbent which could meet all the above-mentioned requirements. The composite of different absorbents is considered the best way to develop good microwave absorption materials. The electromagnetic parameters of Composite Materials can be got a good match by blending or mixing the pure ferrites with other non-magnetic oxides. The practice has been found to change the absorption characteristics of the pure ferrites such as broadening of the frequency for maximal absorption.
As far as thickness and working frequency bandwidth are concerned, spinel ferrites and hexaferrites have obvious advantages, its performance parameters is mainly affected by powder composition, particle morphology , size and status of crystallization. In this Paper,spherical Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 and acicular Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 ferrite powder were prepared by different method, effect of preparation conditions on morphology and properties of Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 was studied. Finally, nanosized Co-Ni /Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 composite powder was fabricated by electroless plating;one-dimensional polyaniline /Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 composite powder was prepared by interfacial polymerization,ZnO/Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 composite materials were prepared by homogeneous precipitation. By X-ray diffraction (XRD) , infrared spectroscopy(IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM),scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM),and net work analyzers are used to characterize product of preparation phase,the size and morphology,magnetic properties and absorbing properties. And optimize the preparation of conditions.
The research results show that, controlling the particle morphology of materials and compositing the different absorbents according to the properties complementary way can effectively improve the comprehensive absorbing properties of materials. In this study, the maximum loss value of composite materials, and the absorbent of having single absorption bandwidth enhanced significantly, showed more excellent absorbing properties.
The above work has provided valuable experimental data and conclusion for enriching composite absorbing agent experiment, application and mechanism research.
尖晶石型铁氧体在吸波层厚度、有效吸收频宽等方面具有优势,其性能参数主要受粉体成分、颗粒形貌、尺寸和结晶状态的影响。本论文首先采用不同的方法制备了具有球形和针状结构的尖晶石型Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4铁氧体,考察了制备条件对Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4铁氧体材料形貌和性能的影响。在此基础上,采用化学镀的手段成功制备出了Co-Ni合金/ Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4纳米复合材料;采用界面法合成一维聚苯胺/ Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4复合材料;采用均匀沉淀法制备了具有“核壳型”型结构的棒状ZnO/Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4铁氧体复合吸波材料。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅立叶红外光谱分析仪、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM),振动样品磁强计(VSM),网络矢量分析仪等测试手段对制备产物的物相、形貌和粒度、磁性能以及吸波性能进行了表征,优化制备工艺条件。
研究结果表明,控制材料的颗粒形貌,将不同的吸收剂按照性能互补的方式进行复合能有效的提高材料的综合吸波性能。本研究制备的复合材料的最大损耗值,吸收带宽较单一的吸收剂均有明显的增强,表现出了更优异的吸波性能。
上述工作对丰富复合吸波剂的实验、应用和机理研究提供了有价值的实验数据和结论。
The study of microwave absorbing material applying to military stealth information and environment protection is an important research project. Ferrites absorbing material is one of the studied materials. The recent development in absorber technology is to produce absorbers which are strong, wide, thin, light, corrosion resistant and lowcost. However, there is no such kind of absorbent which could meet all the above-mentioned requirements. The composite of different absorbents is considered the best way to develop good microwave absorption materials. The electromagnetic parameters of Composite Materials can be got a good match by blending or mixing the pure ferrites with other non-magnetic oxides. The practice has been found to change the absorption characteristics of the pure ferrites such as broadening of the frequency for maximal absorption.
As far as thickness and working frequency bandwidth are concerned, spinel ferrites and hexaferrites have obvious advantages, its performance parameters is mainly affected by powder composition, particle morphology , size and status of crystallization. In this Paper,spherical Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 and acicular Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 ferrite powder were prepared by different method, effect of preparation conditions on morphology and properties of Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 was studied. Finally, nanosized Co-Ni /Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 composite powder was fabricated by electroless plating;one-dimensional polyaniline /Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 composite powder was prepared by interfacial polymerization,ZnO/Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Fe_2O_4 composite materials were prepared by homogeneous precipitation. By X-ray diffraction (XRD) , infrared spectroscopy(IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM),scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM),and net work analyzers are used to characterize product of preparation phase,the size and morphology,magnetic properties and absorbing properties. And optimize the preparation of conditions.
The research results show that, controlling the particle morphology of materials and compositing the different absorbents according to the properties complementary way can effectively improve the comprehensive absorbing properties of materials. In this study, the maximum loss value of composite materials, and the absorbent of having single absorption bandwidth enhanced significantly, showed more excellent absorbing properties.
The above work has provided valuable experimental data and conclusion for enriching composite absorbing agent experiment, application and mechanism research.
引文
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