复水与外源脱落酸处理对干旱胁迫下猕猴桃幼苗抗旱性的影响
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摘要
我国西北地区果树在生长发育过程中经常受到干旱的胁迫,影响其正常生长和发育。猕猴桃作为一种不耐干旱的果树,在生长发育过程中易遭受干旱胁迫的伤害。本文以美味猕猴桃(Actinidia deliciosa)秦美(1年生实生苗)和海沃德品种(2年生盆栽苗)为试材,研究了干旱胁迫对其叶绿素、丙二醛、过氧化氢含量、细胞膜透性、抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化物质含量的影响及复水和外源脱落酸处理对抗旱性的改善;探讨了干旱胁迫及不同抗旱性诱导措施对猕猴桃生理机制的影响,为猕猴桃的栽培提供理论依据。取得的主要研究结果如下:
1.在水分胁迫下猕猴桃叶片叶绿素降解、细胞膜透性增大、过氧化氢和丙二醛在体内积累;超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶活性都表现为先上升后下降;抗氧化物质脯氨酸在体内不断积累,抗坏血酸和谷胱甘肽含量先升高后下降。
2.不同的复水时间对改善猕猴桃的生长状况,缓解干旱造成的伤害有不同的效果,干旱6天后的复水效果要好于干旱9天后的复水。干旱6天后复水,光合速率、胞间CO2浓度、过氧化物酶活性、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量和硝酸还原酶活性大于对照处理,达到了显著差异,而干旱9天后的复水处理并不能明显改善猕猴桃的抗旱性。
3.使用浓度为60μM的外源ABA后,能够降低H2O2和MDA含量,改善细胞膜透性,提高SOD、CAT、POD、APX和GR的酶活性,增加AsA、谷胱甘肽、内源激素和部分有机酸的含量,从而提高猕猴桃苗期的抗旱性。持续使用ABA的效果优于一次性使用和对照,干旱4天时的使用要优于干旱6天时使用和对照。
Fruits are subjected to drought stress that adversely affects growth, metabolism, and yield in the Northwest of China. Kiwifruit as a droughtsusceptible fruit that sustain drought stress injures during planting process. We take Actinidia deliciosa qinmei (one-year-old seedlings) and Hayward (two-year-old seedlings) as materials, research the effects of kiwifruit seedlings, such as chlorophyll, MDA, H2O2 content, membrane permeability, antioxidant enzyme activities and antioxidants contents, and studied the guidance of drought resistance of kiwifruit to re-watering and abscisic acid (ABA), meanwhile, discuss the physiological responses of kiwifruit to drought stress and different inductions for improving drought resistance, it provides theoretical basis for planting and breeding variety of kiwifruit.
The results were as follows:
1. The relative membrane permeability, MDA and H2O2 concentrations in kiwifruit leaves increased under drought stress, and the activities of SOD, CAT, POD, APX, GR all increased earlier and followed by a decline; proline accumulated continually, the contents of AsA and GSH increased earlier and followed by a decline.
2. For improving growth condition and remitting injuried of kiwifruit, different time of re-watering producing different effects and the effect of re-watering after 6 d is better than re-watering after 9 d. Such as photosynthesis, intercelluar CO2 concentration, peroxidase and nitrate reductase activities, and the contents of chlorophyll and soluble proteins, the effect of re-watering after 6 d is even better than control, reached to significant difference, however, the treatment of re-watering after 9 d did not improve distinctly drought resistance for kiwifruit.
3. Leaves were treated with 60μM exogenous ABA, the content of MDA and H2O2 decreased, improved membrane permeability, the activities of SOD, CAT, POD, APX, GR and the contents AsA、GSH、endogenous hormones and partly organic acids all increased, thereby enhancing drought resistance for kiwifruit seedlings, meanwhile, for the different using methods, the effect of sustaining ABA is better than control and disposable ABA, the effect of using ABA after 4 d is better than control and using ABA after 6 d.
1.在水分胁迫下猕猴桃叶片叶绿素降解、细胞膜透性增大、过氧化氢和丙二醛在体内积累;超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶活性都表现为先上升后下降;抗氧化物质脯氨酸在体内不断积累,抗坏血酸和谷胱甘肽含量先升高后下降。
2.不同的复水时间对改善猕猴桃的生长状况,缓解干旱造成的伤害有不同的效果,干旱6天后的复水效果要好于干旱9天后的复水。干旱6天后复水,光合速率、胞间CO2浓度、过氧化物酶活性、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量和硝酸还原酶活性大于对照处理,达到了显著差异,而干旱9天后的复水处理并不能明显改善猕猴桃的抗旱性。
3.使用浓度为60μM的外源ABA后,能够降低H2O2和MDA含量,改善细胞膜透性,提高SOD、CAT、POD、APX和GR的酶活性,增加AsA、谷胱甘肽、内源激素和部分有机酸的含量,从而提高猕猴桃苗期的抗旱性。持续使用ABA的效果优于一次性使用和对照,干旱4天时的使用要优于干旱6天时使用和对照。
Fruits are subjected to drought stress that adversely affects growth, metabolism, and yield in the Northwest of China. Kiwifruit as a droughtsusceptible fruit that sustain drought stress injures during planting process. We take Actinidia deliciosa qinmei (one-year-old seedlings) and Hayward (two-year-old seedlings) as materials, research the effects of kiwifruit seedlings, such as chlorophyll, MDA, H2O2 content, membrane permeability, antioxidant enzyme activities and antioxidants contents, and studied the guidance of drought resistance of kiwifruit to re-watering and abscisic acid (ABA), meanwhile, discuss the physiological responses of kiwifruit to drought stress and different inductions for improving drought resistance, it provides theoretical basis for planting and breeding variety of kiwifruit.
The results were as follows:
1. The relative membrane permeability, MDA and H2O2 concentrations in kiwifruit leaves increased under drought stress, and the activities of SOD, CAT, POD, APX, GR all increased earlier and followed by a decline; proline accumulated continually, the contents of AsA and GSH increased earlier and followed by a decline.
2. For improving growth condition and remitting injuried of kiwifruit, different time of re-watering producing different effects and the effect of re-watering after 6 d is better than re-watering after 9 d. Such as photosynthesis, intercelluar CO2 concentration, peroxidase and nitrate reductase activities, and the contents of chlorophyll and soluble proteins, the effect of re-watering after 6 d is even better than control, reached to significant difference, however, the treatment of re-watering after 9 d did not improve distinctly drought resistance for kiwifruit.
3. Leaves were treated with 60μM exogenous ABA, the content of MDA and H2O2 decreased, improved membrane permeability, the activities of SOD, CAT, POD, APX, GR and the contents AsA、GSH、endogenous hormones and partly organic acids all increased, thereby enhancing drought resistance for kiwifruit seedlings, meanwhile, for the different using methods, the effect of sustaining ABA is better than control and disposable ABA, the effect of using ABA after 4 d is better than control and using ABA after 6 d.
引文
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