断层孤岛煤柱轻放工作面矿压显现规律研究
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摘要
当前,国内上世纪50、60年代投产的矿井大部分面临资源短缺问题,很多矿井进入回采边角煤柱的残采阶段,这样就面临着开采各种孤岛型的煤柱,采场极易出现应力集中、冲击矿压等危险,给安全开采带来难题。目前该条件的开采方法及围岩控制技术等研究较少。本文通过理论分析、数值模拟、现场试验的方法对孤岛煤柱采场围岩结构特征、“下原位”沿空掘巷技术以及断层孤岛煤柱开采矿压显现规律进行了深入研究。并在潞安矿区石圪节煤矿2123断层孤岛煤柱工作面成功的进行了现场工业性试验。
首先,通过分析石圪节煤矿2123孤岛工作面的顶煤、直接顶、老顶的力学性态,以及孤岛工作面回采时由三面孤岛型工作面向四面孤岛型工作面转化围岩空间结构的演化发展过程,建立了轻放孤岛工作面的力学结构模型,作为深入研究孤岛采场的理论基础。首次提出“下原位”沿空掘巷概念,并通过理论分析证明其布置的合理性,理论计算确定了窄煤柱的尺寸和巷道断面及支护参数。然后应用FLAC3D数值模拟技术对巷道的变形破坏、应力分布以及工作面支承压力分布规律进行了研究。最后在2123工作面进行了现场工业性试验,期间对工作面液压支架受力、巷道变形、顶煤运动、锚杆受力进行了全面的观测,较准确的掌握了孤岛煤柱工作面开采采场围岩变形规律、应力分布情况、巷道变形规律等。本研究对孤岛煤柱具有普遍的指导作用,为在类似条件下推广该技术提供了借鉴。
At present, most of the mines faced resource shortage which producted in the 1950s and 1960s on the domestic, many of the mines went into mining the corner coal pillar of residual mining stage. So the saftey problem of variety of island pillar was mined because of the dangerous of stress concentration and impulsion pressure. The conditions of mining methods and surrounding rock control technology were less studied. The structure character of surrounding rock of island pillar face and the technology of roadway driving the gate road on "down original site" as well as the strata behavior regularity of fault island pillar coal face were futher studied by way of theory analysis, numerical simulation, field exploring. And industrial field tests was implement successfully in the 2123 coal face of fault island pillar of Shi gejie colliery of Lu'an mining area.
Firstly, the mechanical structure model of island pillar light top-coal coal face was established by way of analyses top-coal, immediate roof and main roof's mechanics property, and the spatial structure of surrounding rock masses of island from three to four island type in the process of mining, it was the theoretical foundation of further studying island pillar stope. The first time concept of roadway driving the gate road on "down original site" was proposed, and the reasonableness of layout was proved by way of theory analysis, the dimension of narrow pillar and roadway section and support parameters were further determined. Then the deformation failure and stress distribution of roadway and the distribution law of abutment pressure face were studied by the way of FLAC3D numerical simulation. Finally site implementation was tested in 2123 face, hydraulic support force and deformation of roadway and roof coal movement and anchor rod acting force were monitored comprehensive, the deformation law of surrounding rock and stress distribution and roadway deformation law of the island pillar face being mined were mastered relatively accurate. The research had guiding role of universal for the island pillar and the similar working condition can use for reference.
首先,通过分析石圪节煤矿2123孤岛工作面的顶煤、直接顶、老顶的力学性态,以及孤岛工作面回采时由三面孤岛型工作面向四面孤岛型工作面转化围岩空间结构的演化发展过程,建立了轻放孤岛工作面的力学结构模型,作为深入研究孤岛采场的理论基础。首次提出“下原位”沿空掘巷概念,并通过理论分析证明其布置的合理性,理论计算确定了窄煤柱的尺寸和巷道断面及支护参数。然后应用FLAC3D数值模拟技术对巷道的变形破坏、应力分布以及工作面支承压力分布规律进行了研究。最后在2123工作面进行了现场工业性试验,期间对工作面液压支架受力、巷道变形、顶煤运动、锚杆受力进行了全面的观测,较准确的掌握了孤岛煤柱工作面开采采场围岩变形规律、应力分布情况、巷道变形规律等。本研究对孤岛煤柱具有普遍的指导作用,为在类似条件下推广该技术提供了借鉴。
At present, most of the mines faced resource shortage which producted in the 1950s and 1960s on the domestic, many of the mines went into mining the corner coal pillar of residual mining stage. So the saftey problem of variety of island pillar was mined because of the dangerous of stress concentration and impulsion pressure. The conditions of mining methods and surrounding rock control technology were less studied. The structure character of surrounding rock of island pillar face and the technology of roadway driving the gate road on "down original site" as well as the strata behavior regularity of fault island pillar coal face were futher studied by way of theory analysis, numerical simulation, field exploring. And industrial field tests was implement successfully in the 2123 coal face of fault island pillar of Shi gejie colliery of Lu'an mining area.
Firstly, the mechanical structure model of island pillar light top-coal coal face was established by way of analyses top-coal, immediate roof and main roof's mechanics property, and the spatial structure of surrounding rock masses of island from three to four island type in the process of mining, it was the theoretical foundation of further studying island pillar stope. The first time concept of roadway driving the gate road on "down original site" was proposed, and the reasonableness of layout was proved by way of theory analysis, the dimension of narrow pillar and roadway section and support parameters were further determined. Then the deformation failure and stress distribution of roadway and the distribution law of abutment pressure face were studied by the way of FLAC3D numerical simulation. Finally site implementation was tested in 2123 face, hydraulic support force and deformation of roadway and roof coal movement and anchor rod acting force were monitored comprehensive, the deformation law of surrounding rock and stress distribution and roadway deformation law of the island pillar face being mined were mastered relatively accurate. The research had guiding role of universal for the island pillar and the similar working condition can use for reference.
引文
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